CN101137467A - 密封塞取出装置 - Google Patents

密封塞取出装置 Download PDF

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CN101137467A
CN101137467A CNA2006800056087A CN200680005608A CN101137467A CN 101137467 A CN101137467 A CN 101137467A CN A2006800056087 A CNA2006800056087 A CN A2006800056087A CN 200680005608 A CN200680005608 A CN 200680005608A CN 101137467 A CN101137467 A CN 101137467A
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理查德·金
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    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
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    • B25B27/06—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing sleeves or bearing races
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53657—Means to assemble or disassemble to apply or remove a resilient article [e.g., tube, sleeve, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/53835—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having wedge operator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/53839—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having percussion or explosive operator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/53839—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having percussion or explosive operator
    • Y10T29/53843—Tube, sleeve, or ferrule inserting or removing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53796—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator
    • Y10T29/53848—Puller or pusher means, contained force multiplying operator having screw operator
    • Y10T29/53857—Central screw, work-engagers around screw
    • Y10T29/53878—Tubular or tube segment forms work-engager
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T29/53909—Means comprising hand manipulatable tool
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    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
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    • Y10T29/5393—Means comprising impact receiving tool
    • Y10T29/53939—Thread protector [e.g., wheel axle type]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
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Abstract

一种用于从孔(11)中取出密封塞的装置(4)，该密封塞包括外套筒(13)和保持在该外套筒内的内杆(14)，所述取出过程在所述杆中不贯通地钻出合适的孔之后进行，该取出装置(4)包括：锥形穿孔器(15)，其用于强有力插入杆(14)的孔中，从而在穿孔器(15)和杆(14)之间形成过盈配合，此后将杆(14)推出套筒(13)，同时还依靠所述过盈配合使杆(14)保持在穿孔器(15)上；以及套筒接合装置(16)，该套筒接合装置在穿孔器(15)从套筒(13)中取出杆(14)之后可与套筒(13)接合；此后套筒接合装置(16)和穿孔器(15)可从所述孔中取出，从而将套筒(13)和杆(14)都从孔中取出，同时套筒(13)和杆(14)都被保持在所述装置的适当部位上。

Description

密封塞取出装置
技术领域
本发明涉及从孔中取出密封塞的装置。
背景技术
密封塞通常最初安装在孔中，打算永久保留。然而，例如为了对密封塞安装于其中的设备进行维护或维修的目的，有时有必要取出这种密封塞。本发明涉及一种取出密封塞的装置。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种取出如下类型密封塞的装置，该密封塞包括外套筒和保持在该外套筒中的内杆。例如，这种塞的一个例子是市场上可买到的注册商标为AVSEAL的塞。
本申请人认为最接近的现有技术是GB 2319200A，该文献将在以后描述。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供如所附权利要求1所述的装置。在随后的权利要求中阐述本发明进一步的优选特征。
附图说明
现在通过实例并参照附图，将描述本发明的具体实施例，其中：
图1表示安装于孔中的塞；
图2表示在所述塞杆中不贯通地钻一孔；
图3表示塞取出工具的主视图和透视图；
图4表示使用所述装置与所述塞接合的四个连续步骤；以及
图5表示使用所述装置将所述塞从孔中取出的另外两个步骤。
具体实施方式
图1表示安装在工件12的孔11中的AVSEAL(注册商标)类型的塞的轴向剖面。如本领域技术人员所知，该塞包括相对较软的金属套筒13，相对较硬的金属杆14被拉入到该套筒13中，使得所述杆增大的头部插入所述套筒并径向扩展套筒使其密封和啮合接触孔11的壁，所述杆上增加的张力导致所述杆在套筒内侧某位置处破裂。
图3表示所述塞取出工具4，该工具是一种由硬钢制成的整体结构。在该工具的前端是锥形穿孔器15，在穿孔器15的后面是外螺纹部分16。在外螺纹部分16后面依次是圆柱形主体部分17、牢固的外法兰18和方形截面扳紧部分19。锥形穿孔器15和螺纹部分16的尺寸适合以将要描述的方式与所述塞接合。
在使用取出工具(拔出工具)4之前，如图2所示，有必要在塞杆中钻一个适合的孔。设置钻头导向器2使得该钻头导向器的中心突出插塞位于孔11内(或者在塞顶面与工件表面平齐的应用中该插塞的尺寸可使其装配于塞套筒的孔中)。钻头1(尚未被插入钻头夹盘中)通过钻头导向器被插入所述孔中，进入所述塞的端部，并接触位于塞套筒13内的塞杆14的近端面。随后，具有中心孔的可拆卸的垫片3被套在所述钻头上端，并且与钻头导向器2的顶部接触。然后，所述钻头夹盘被套在钻头1上，使得该夹盘的前端与垫片3接触，并且该夹盘被紧固在钻头上，从而确保所述钻头的尖端与塞杆保持接触，并且钻头导向器和垫片也接触。现在钻头1可被拉出，从而释放并取出垫片3。所述钻头被重新插入所述导向器中并与所述塞杆接触，然后启动钻头在该塞杆中钻孔，直到钻头夹盘前端接触所述钻头导向器。这可确保在所述塞杆中钻的孔的长度适于与所述取出工具的穿孔器接合，如现在将描述的那样。现在拆去钻头1和导向器2，并且还从孔11的顶部完全清除可能产生的任何切屑。
现在可以开动取出工具4，图4中图示了使用该取出工具取出塞的连续步骤1至4。
在步骤1中，锥形穿孔器15的尖端被插入刚刚在该塞杆中钻的孔中，该钻孔的直径介于该穿孔器15的窄端和宽端的直径之间，钻头的直径也据此进行选择。在步骤2中，使用锤子(未示出)将所述取出工具敲打向所述塞，使得该锥形穿孔器完全进入该塞杆中的钻孔。在步骤3中，进一步用锤敲打使该塞杆与所述套筒脱离。依靠该锥形穿孔器与该塞杆之间的过盈配合，该塞杆保持在所述锥形穿孔器上。该穿孔器的锥形部分已经完全穿过该套筒，并且就在该锥形部分上方的平直部分可容易地穿过所述套筒，直到该取出工具的螺纹部分16的底端到达该套筒的顶部。现在可使用适合于该方形截面扳紧部分19的扳手，旋转该取出工具，使得所述螺纹部分进入套筒并由此在套筒中形成螺纹，以便套筒被啮合在该取出工具上，如步骤4中所示。注意所述螺纹仅通过形变而不是切削而形成在所述塞套筒中，因而没有切屑产生。
现在从工件中拔出所述取出工具，以便从工件孔中取出塞杆和塞套筒。这可以通过使用用于安装塞的相同类型的拉拔工具来实现，即将该塞安装设备从其前端拆去，并换上合适的连接转接器与之相连，从而相对于工件拔出该安装工具4。这种工具可以是气动的，比如市场上可买到的商标为GENESIS的工具。参见图5，在步骤1中，取出主体9被连接到该动力工具的活塞上，并且还连接有转接器6、取出套筒8和锁紧环7。这些部件每个都有沿其侧面延伸的槽，并且套筒8被旋转调节，以使其上的槽与取出主体9上的槽成一直线。在将该动力工具与气源相连之后，其前端被设置到塞取出工具4上，以便该塞取出工具的后端穿过侧面开的槽从而完全进入所述取出主体。接着，取出套筒8被拉伸，直到接触工件表面而后锁定在合适位置。然后启动该动力工具，使其运动一个完整的活塞冲程，从而将所述塞从工件中强制取出，如图5的步骤2中所示。如果必要的话，假如该动力工具活塞冲程不足以将所述套筒完全从工件中取出，则可再一次启动该动力工具。然后，将该动力工具与气源断开，调整所述取出套筒的位置，以便能够将所述取出工具和塞从该动力工具拆下。用手将该塞套筒从所述取出工具的螺纹部分拧下，并从穿孔器上拆下杆头。
在上述实例中描述的取出工具及其使用方法具有实用优点。被取出的塞的两个部件被所述工具紧固，并且不会在孔中下降，也没有切屑或碎裂部分产生。该取出工具可重复使用，而GB 2 319 200 A中公开的工具需要使用粘合剂来将塞杆紧固到该工具的一部分上，随后该部分必须扔掉并用另一个一次性的部件来替换。此外，本实例中所述的钻孔的准备操作和切屑清除，与现有技术中所需的清理、清除油渍、粘合剂涂敷以及硬化步骤相比，更快且更容易进行。本发明的另一实用优点是，锥形穿孔器保持所述杆部分远比现有技术中的粘合剂补片牢固，因此可避免该杆部分从孔中取出之前发生可能的意外损坏。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于从孔中取出密封塞的取出装置，该密封塞包括外套筒和保持在该外套筒内的内杆，所述取出过程在所述杆中不贯通地钻出合适的孔之后进行，所述取出装置包括：
锥形穿孔器，其用于强有力插入所述杆的孔中，从而在该穿孔器和杆之间形成过盈配合，此后将该杆推出所述套筒，同时还依靠所述过盈配合使该杆保持在所述穿孔器上；以及
套筒接合装置，该套筒接合装置在所述穿孔器从套筒中取出所述杆之后可与该套筒接合；
此后所述套筒接合装置和穿孔器可从所述孔中取出，从而将所述套筒和杆都从孔中取出，同时所述套筒和杆都保持在所述装置的适当部位上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述套筒接合装置包括螺纹，当所述套筒接合装置旋转时，该螺纹可在所述套筒中形成相互啮合的螺纹。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的装置，其中所述穿孔器和套筒接合装置是整体结构。
4.根据前面任一项权利要求所述的装置，其中所述取出装置可连接到一拉拔装置上，该拉拔装置还可与用于安装所限定类型的密封塞的适当安装装置一起使用。
5.一种用于从孔中取出密封塞的取出装置，该取出装置大体上如上文参照附图描述并在其中图示的那样。
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CN103659788A (zh) * 2012-09-24 2014-03-26 通用电气公司 用于从腔提取物体的设备
CN104269387A (zh) * 2014-09-28 2015-01-07 国家电网公司 一种直流换流阀散热器电极的提取方法
CN104608093A (zh) * 2015-01-13 2015-05-13 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 一种定位衬套在工装盲孔中的安装及取出方法
CN108133762A (zh) * 2018-02-06 2018-06-08 浙江万纳核电检修有限公司 一种核燃料通道密封塞专用夹具
CN109877765A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-14 江苏三能动力总成有限公司 发动机缸盖水管拉拔装置及发动机缸盖水管拉拔方法
CN114193125A (zh) * 2022-02-18 2022-03-18 南京深度系统工程有限公司 一种适用于高压条件下的传感器在线更换装置及方法

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CN100534727C (zh) 2009-09-02
US8661637B2 (en) 2014-03-04
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GB2425084B (en) 2008-11-19
RU2400349C2 (ru) 2010-09-27
GB2425084A (en) 2006-10-18
US20120311838A1 (en) 2012-12-13
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PL1868775T3 (pl) 2010-06-30
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MX2007010167A (es) 2008-02-22
US20080276438A1 (en) 2008-11-13

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