Background technology
Institute of Botany introduced China from states such as America and Europes with blackberry, blueberry first in 1986, had built up the blackberry, blueberry planting base of China's maximum at present in knob, Lishui County, Jiangsu Province, 2007 years nearly 3000hm of cultivated area
2, annual production is more than 20000 tons.The blackberry, blueberry berry is storage tolerance not, and the fruit more than 90~95% should in time be processed.Blackberry, blueberry fruit soft and succulency, sour-sweet tasty and refreshing, unique flavor contains rich nutrient substances, is a kind of first-class fruit of processing fruit drink.
The purpose of producing inspissated juice is in the fruit mature period, with the original fruit juice that fruit is processed into, by means such as heating, removes the moisture in the original fruit juice, reduces the weight and volume of fruit juice, so that storage and transportation.No matter blackberry fruit juice concentrate is the international market, or the domestic market, and extraordinary prospect is all arranged, and the existing how tame processing enterprise in blackberry, blueberry base, Lishui considers production blackberry, blueberry inspissated juice at present.The blackberry, blueberry inspissated juice that the present invention produces, fully take into account the characteristics of blackberry, blueberry berry, preserve the nutrition and the color and luster of fruit to greatest extent, and can satisfy the needs of fast processing blackberry, blueberry berry in the best fruiting period, during producing, solution, causes the problem that rots because of in time not handling berry.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of production blackberry fruit juice concentrate rapidly and efficiently.According to the present blackberry, blueberry planting base fructescence concentrate, the berry characteristics of anti-storage not, in picking time, adopt combined machine, fast the blackberry, blueberry fresh fruit is processed into inspissated juice, and low tempertaure storage gets up; Perhaps produce dull season, adopt combined machine, blackberry, blueberry is frozen fruit be processed into inspissated juice in enterprise.
The technological process of this step is: the blackberry, blueberry fresh fruit is through cleaning, impurity elimination, or blackberry, blueberry is frozen fruit through thawing, softening through the steam Fast Heating, crusher in crushing obtains pulp mud, behind the pulp mud enzymolysis, remove most pomaces such as seed by horizontal spiral centrifugal sedimentation seperator, produce the blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice of clarification again through disk centrifugal separator, original fruit juice is through the triple effect evaporation machine, and final production goes out blackberry fruit juice concentrate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing this step is elaborated:
1. raw material: fresh fruit requires full maturity or 9 ripe above fresh fruits, fruits inferior such as anosis wormed fruit, mummy, Chinese olive and the rotten fruit that goes rotten; Freeze fruit and require the color and luster unanimity, free from admixture, fruit goes mouldy.
2. clean, impurity elimination: at first use the rinsing of bubble cleaning machine, use the drip washing of automatic sprinkling type fruit washing machine then, flush away fruit surface dirt is with artificial impurity and dogberry, the drain well of rejecting selecting at last.
3. softening, broken: berry that rinsing is clean or the fruit of freezing through thawing quickly heat up to 80~90 ℃, make berry softening, and the activity of destructive enzyme stops the oxidational losses of nutriments such as VC and pigment, uses crusher in crushing then, produces pulp mud.
4. the enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out: this operation is the key that berry is got juice, mainly uses pectase.Pulp mud temperature after the heating fragmentation is higher, should reduce to 50~55 ℃ rapidly, just can carry out enzymolysis processing.The pectase consumption is 0.02~0.04%, 1~3 hour processing time.Pectase is diluted to about 5% with blackberry, blueberry Normal juice and uses, and enzyme should slowly stir during handling.After enzymolysis finishes, need pulp mud is heated to 70~80 ℃, enzyme goes out.
5. centrifuging and taking juice: through the pulp mud of enzymolysis, the enzyme that goes out, at first produce blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice (head product) with the horizontal spiral centrifugal sedimentation seperator of automatic discharge, head product is produced clarification blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice by the disk centrifugal separator of automatic discharge after centrifugal again.
6. concentrate: carry out in the centrifugal thin-film formula that the is concentrated in vacuum evaporator of fruit juice, adopt the triple effect evaporation machine to save air consumption, reduce cost, vacuum concentrates and makes fruit juice explosive evaporation under certain vacuum condition, 40~50 ℃ of fruit juice temperature, can guarantee the effective ingredient of fruit juice to greatest extent, and suppress juice browning.
7. the recovery of aromatic substance: aromatic substance (fragrance) volatilizees along with steam in the concentration of juices process.The method that reclaims fragrance is gaseous material is changed into liquid, and make fragrance component and moisture from, and then concentrate recovery.
The inspissated juice that comes out in the vacuum concentrating apparatus will mix in blender with the fragrance concentrate.In order to prevent the oxidation of inspissated juice, blender seals, and agitator stirs lentamente, enlarges the contact-making surface of fruit juice and air to prevent fruit juice from splashing.Enter the conduit entrance of blender, should be arranged on the bottom of blender, splash to avoid fruit juice.At the logical nitrogen of bottom clearance of gaseous mixture, to remove oxygen.In order to improve the local flavor of inspissated juice, can add a spot of fruit drink and sneak in the inspissated juice, processing but these fruit drinks need outgas.The whole process that inspissated juice fragrance reclaims will be carried out under the condition of low temperature, deoxygenation, with thermal denaturation and the oxidation that prevents aromatic substance, makes fruit juice keep original local flavor.
8. can and storage: with inspissated juice can immediately and inflated with nitrogen sealing that aromatic substance mixes, dress filling machine and sealer need be operated under logical condition of nitrogen gas, and the can inspissated juice of making should refrigerate immediately, and reserve temperature is advisable with about 2 ℃.
The characteristics of patent of the present invention:
1. adopt bubble cleaning machine → spray Cleaning for High Capacity machine → conveying to select the combined machine that band → Steam Heating tunnel → disintegrating machine etc. is formed, fast processing blackberry, blueberry fresh fruit, can solve the blackberry, blueberry producing region and concentrate the berry of gathering, owing to temperature height, the big problem that rots that causes of quantity.
2. adopt enzymolysis process, reduced the viscosity of pulp mud, scum juice is separated easily, improved the fruit juice crushing juice rate.
3. adopt the horizontal spiral centrifugal sedimentation seperator and the disk centrifugal separator of automatic discharge, reduced the clarification operation, shortened the time of squeezing the juice greatly, improved operating efficiency, help the raising of product quality.
4. the present invention has adopted the triple effect evaporation machine, and concentration process carries out under low pressure, low temperature, has preserved the nutritional labeling in the original fruit juice to greatest extent.
5. in the concentration of juices process, carried out the aromatic substance recovery, made the blackberry fruit juice concentrate of producing preserve the local flavor of blackberry, blueberry fruit substantially.
The specific embodiment
1. the fresh fruit with 1000kg Boysen blackberry species is an example, produces to concentrate blackberry, blueberry fruit juice
1. clean impurity elimination: adopt bubble cleaning machine → spray Cleaning for High Capacity machine → conveying to select the band integration of operation.The 1000kg fresh fruit is pressed certain speed add the bubble cleaning machine,, finish the cleaning impurity elimination through combined machine.Under the normal condition, can get clean fresh fruit 950~980kg.
2. thermoplastic is with broken: adopt Steam Heating tunnel → disintegrating machine integration of operation.Clean fresh fruit is joined in the Steam Heating tunnel, control transporting velocity well, outlet berry temperature is reached about 80 ℃, directly join then and be broken into pulp mud in the disintegrating machine.
3. the enzymolysis and the enzyme that goes out: pulp mud is deposited in the enzymatic vessel, when temperature drops to below 55 ℃, added with the blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice and dissolve the pectase 200g (pectinase activity is 20,000 units) that gets well.Need slowly to stir (general rotating speed is 20 rev/mins) during enzymolysis, 50 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures, enzymolysis time 2h.Enzymolysis is heated to pulp mud 80 ℃ of enzymes that go out rapidly after finishing.
4. scum juice separates and clarification: at first use the horizontal spiral centrifugal sedimentation seperator of automatic discharge with pomace initial gross separations such as fruit juice and seeds through the enzymolysis and the pulp mud of the enzyme that goes out, isolated pomace is used for the processing (as feed etc.) of other products, it is centrifugal that fruit juice passes through the disk centrifugal separator (10000 rev/mins of rotating speeds) of automatic discharge again, about the blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice 680kg that obtains clarifying.
5. concentrate the recovery with aromatic substance: the blackberry, blueberry original fruit juice of clarification concentrates through the triple effect evaporation machine, can obtain blackberry, blueberry inspissated juice 135~140kg.In concentration process, aromatic substance is reclaimed, before the inspissated juice perfusion, mix with inspissated juice at low temperatures.The inspissated juice soluble solid content is 45%, and promptly original fruit juice concentrates about 5 times.
With 1000kg Boysen blackberry species to freeze fruit be example, produce to concentrate blackberry, blueberry fruit juice
Blackberry, blueberry is frozen fruit and has been passed through the cleaning impurity elimination when producing, and directly carries out thermoplastic after thawing with broken, the same fresh fruit of later operation.Because freezing fruit is clean fruit, 1000kg freezes fruit and can produce more than the inspissated juice 140kg.