CN101121990B - Quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an as-cast bainite grey iron cylinder sleeve and a method of making the cylinder sleeve; the weight percent of the chemical components of the cylinder sleeve matrix is as follows: Carbon 2.9 to 3.3percent, silicon 2.2 to 2.6percent, manganese 0.7 to 1.3percent, phosphorus: less than or equal to 0.1percent, sulpur: less than or equal to 0.1percent, copper 0.5 to 1.0percent, chromium 0.2 to 0.5percent, and the rest is Fe. The method is that: raw materials are prepared according to the weight percent of all components; the raw materials are smelted to obtain high temperature liquid iron, the tapping temperature of the liquid iron is controlled to be 1500 to 1550DEG C, and the silicon-based high-efficiency long-lasting composite incoulant is added in to inoculate before tapping; a metal type wet coating centrifugal casting technology is adopted to make a cylinder sleeve cast part; the cylinder sleeve cast part is cooled to obtain the as-cast bainite grey iron cylinder sleeve. The composite matrix of the cylinder sleeve of the invention has good abrasion resistance; the mechanical performances, include tensile strength and hardness, equal to those of the current cylinder sleeves, but the manufacturing cost is reduced and the performance-price ratio is high.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket and preparation method thereof.
(2) background technology
At present, the high strength bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket mainly is to prepare by isothermal quenching and two kinds of methods of cast alloyization.The isothermal quenching method is a kind of traditional method, and its main drawback is to need cylinder sleeve cast part is heated specially, makes and organizes austenitizing, realizes isothermal transformation in the salt bath of the prior heating of quenching then, the energy consumption height, and labour intensity is big, and environment is polluted.And the cast alloy method is because factors such as environmental protection, use wider, but mainly prepare the high strength bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket at present by adding alloying element molybdenum and nickel, general molybdenum content is 0.6-1.5%, nickel content is 0.8-1.5%%, because molybdenum, nickel element material price costliness, consumption is big, so the production cost height.
(3) summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket, have high strength, high-wearing feature equally, but production cost is low, cost performance is high.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket, the chemical constitution of matrix is as follows by weight percentage:
Carbon 2.9～3.3%, silicon 2.2～2.6%, manganese 0.7～1.3%, phosphorus is not more than 0.1%, and sulphur is not more than 0.1%, copper 0.5～1.0%, chromium 0.2～0.5%, surplus is Fe.
The matrix of described quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket is needle-like, featheriness or both coexistences, and graphite shape is mainly the A type, and the D+E type is not more than 10%, and residual austenite quantity is less than 5% in the matrix.The working-surface hardness of cylinder sleeve reaches 270～320HB, and tensile strength sigma b is greater than 350Mpa, is adapted at using on the oil engine of high speed in the present age, high reinforcement, high-performance, low emission, less energy-consumption.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket, and step is as follows:
1) according to each composition weight percentage be: carbon 2.9～3.3%, silicon 2.2～2.6%, manganese 0.7～1.3%, phosphorus is not more than 0.1%, and sulphur is not more than 0.1%, copper 0.5～1.0%, chromium 0.2～0.5%, surplus is that Fe prepares raw material;
2) the melting raw material obtains high temperature iron liquid, and control iron liquid tapping temperature is 1500～1550 ℃, adds the long-acting composite inoculant of silica-based high-efficiency before coming out of the stove and breeds;
3) prepare cylinder sleeve cast part with the wet coating centrifugal casting technique of metal mold;
4) the cooling cylinder sleeve cast part obtains the quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve.
Step 1)～4) selection except raw material has the preparation method who differs from existing quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve, and other all are identical.
Step 2) the preferred silicon barium of the long-acting composite inoculant of the silica-based high-efficiency described in calcium nucleating agent, silicon strontium nucleating agent or silicon titanate innoculant, the amount of adding is advisable with 0.5～0.6% of iron liquid quality.
Step 4) can obtain the quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve according to general quasi-as-cast bainite technology cooling cylinder sleeve cast part.Also can carry out according to following steps:
A. the mold clearing temperature of control cylinder cover foundry goods is 890～910 ℃, and in the water base hardening liquid of quenching rapidly, makes foundry goods be quickly cooled to 420～500 ℃;
B. with naturally cooling behind the casting parts thermal insulation slow cooling 1.5～2.5h to 350～450 ℃;
C. foundry goods is carried out temper, naturally cooling then at 340～360 ℃ of insulations of temperature, 1.5～2.5h.
The control of cooling step is as follows to the cylinder sleeve effect that obtains the quasi-as-cast bainite matrix:
The A step is the cooling of 900～500 ℃ in the high-temperature zone of cylinder sleeve cast part, cooling fast in the water base hardening liquid of quenching rapidly, and diffusion can not take place and decompose in supercooled austenite, can avoid pearlitic formation fully.The medium that described water-based hardening liquid is preferably nontoxic, pollution-free, do not burn, do not produce flue gas when quenching, cost safe in utilization is low, as FEROQUENCH 2000 water-based hardening liquids, PAG 9020 water-based hardening liquids or DR-macromolecule polyethylene glycol type water-based hardening liquid etc., concentration is advisable with 5～15%.
The B step is that cylinder sleeve cast part is changeed the cooling in 450～350 ℃ in district in middle temperature, can utilize the afterheat of casting slow cooling; Supercooled austenite can fully decompose under this condition, obtains fine and closely woven uniform featheriness, needle-like quasi-as-cast bainite.
The C step is the temper of cylinder sleeve cast part, can promote that the small portion of residual austenite in the matrix continues to change into bainite, and can eliminate the foundry goods internal stress fully.
Further, the cooling of cylinder sleeve cast part is preferably carried out as follows:
A. control cylinder cover foundry goods mold clearing temperature is 900 ℃, and in FEROQUENCH 2000 water-based hardening liquids of quenching rapidly, foundry goods is quickly cooled to 420～500 ℃;
B. with naturally cooling behind the casting parts thermal insulation slow cooling 2h to 350～450 ℃;
C. foundry goods is carried out temper, naturally cooling then at 350 ℃ of insulations of temperature 2h.
The present invention adds copper, two kinds of alloying elements of chromium on the basis of carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur common element chemical ingredients, mainly can play following effect:
1, the effect of copper: copper has the graphited effect of promotion during to iron liquid primary crystallization, reduces chilling tendency.But the copper solid solution is in austenite, and stable austenite moves to right the S curve, when cooling off fast, helps promoting the formation of quasi-as-cast bainite, and bainite is had strengthening effect, improves the strength of materials, improves machinability.
2, the effect of chromium: chromium is carbide-forming element, adds to impel the graphite refinement when an amount of.But the chromium solid solution is in austenite, and stable austenite moves to right the S curve, adds the formation that an amount of chromium element helps promoting quasi-as-cast bainite, and austenite is had strengthening effect, improves the strength of materials and hardness.And the ferrochrome material price is cheap, and production cost is low.
Therefore, add copper, chromium element simultaneously after, under described processing condition, can stablize the formation that obtains quasi-as-cast bainite and promote A type graphite, the strength of materials improves, machinability is good, has avoided the use of expensive molybdenum and nickel alloy element, and material cost obviously reduces.
The present invention has following advantage with respect to prior art:
Cost descended after cylinder sleeve of the present invention added the preferred alloy element, the complex matrix that adopts described technology to obtain, and wear resistance is good; Mechanical property (comprising tensile strength, hardness) is suitable with existing cylinder sleeve, but production cost reduces the cost performance height.
(4) description of drawings
The cylinder sleeve matrix metallograph that Fig. 1 obtains for embodiment 1.
(5) embodiment:
Below with specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:
Embodiment 1
According to each composition weight percentage is carbon 2.9%, silicon 2.6%, and manganese 1.2%, phosphorus 0.055%, sulphur 0.05%, copper 1.0%, chromium 0.2%,, surplus is that Fe prepares raw material.With frequency-conversion electric induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the silicon titanate innoculant that adds iron liquid quality 0.6% before coming out of the stove breeds, and controlled temperature is that 1530 ℃ of iron liquid are come out of the stove; With the wet coating rotary casting common process production cylinder sleeve cast part of metal mold.Control foundry goods mold clearing temperature is 890 ℃, and quenches rapidly and make foundry goods be quickly cooled to 450 ℃ in mass concentration is 10% FEROQUENCH 2000 water-based hardening liquids; With air cooling after 2h to 360 ℃ of the foundry goods slow cooling; Again foundry goods is carried out temper at 340 ℃ of insulations of temperature 2h, naturally cooling obtains quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket then, and its tensile strength is 480MPa, and hardness is 310HB.
Embodiment 2
According to each composition weight percentage is carbon 3.0%, silicon 2.2%, and manganese 1.0%, phosphorus 0.055%, sulphur 0.06%, copper 0.5%, chromium 0.5%, surplus is that Fe prepares raw material.With frequency-conversion electric induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the silicon strontium nucleating agent that adds iron liquid quality 0.6% before coming out of the stove breeds, and controlled temperature is that 1530 ℃ of iron liquid are come out of the stove; With the wet coating rotary casting common process production cylinder sleeve cast part of metal mold.Control foundry goods mold clearing temperature is 910 ℃, and quenches rapidly be quickly cooled to 500 ℃ in mass concentration is 5% PAG 9020 water-based hardening liquids; With air cooling after 2h to 350 ℃ of the foundry goods slow cooling; Again foundry goods is carried out temper at 360 ℃ of insulations of temperature 2h, naturally cooling obtains quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket then, and its tensile strength is 360MPa, and hardness is 280HB.
Embodiment 3
According to each chemical component weight percentage composition is carbon 3.1%, silicon 2.4%, and manganese 0.9%, phosphorus 0.07%, sulphur 0.06%, copper 0.75%, chromium 0.3%, surplus is that Fe prepares raw material.With frequency-conversion electric induction furnace smelting iron liquid, the silicon barium calcium nucleating agent that adds iron liquid quality 0.5% before coming out of the stove breeds, and controlled temperature is that 1500 ℃ of iron liquid are come out of the stove; With the wet coating rotary casting common process production cylinder sleeve cast part of metal mold.Control foundry goods mold clearing temperature is 900 ℃, and quenches rapidly be quickly cooled to 480 ℃ in mass concentration is 15% DR-macromolecule polyethylene glycol type water-based hardening liquid; With air cooling after 2h to 430 ℃ of the casting parts thermal insulation slow cooling; Again foundry goods is carried out temper at 350 ℃ of insulations of temperature 2h, naturally cooling obtains quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket then, and its tensile strength is 420MPa, and hardness is 295HB.
Claims (6)
1. quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket is characterized in that the chemical constitution of matrix of described cylinder sleeve is as follows by weight percentage:
Carbon 2.9～3.3%, silicon 2.2～2.6%, manganese 0.7～1.3%, phosphorus is not more than 0.1%, and sulphur is not more than 0.1%, copper 0.5～1.0%, chromium 0.2～0.5%, surplus is Fe.
2. the preparation method of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described method is:
1) according to each composition weight percentage be: carbon 2.9～3.3%, silicon 2.2～2.6%, manganese 0.7～1.3%, phosphorus is not more than 0.1%, and sulphur is not more than 0.1%, copper 0.5～1.0%, chromium 0.2～0.5%, surplus is that Fe prepares raw material;
2) the melting raw material obtains high temperature iron liquid, control iron liquid tapping temperature is 1500～1550 ℃, 0.5～0.6% of adding iron liquid quality the long-acting composite inoculant of silica-based high-efficiency breeds before coming out of the stove, and described nucleating agent is silicon barium calcium nucleating agent, silicon strontium nucleating agent or silicon titanate innoculant;
3) prepare cylinder sleeve cast part with the wet coating centrifugal casting technique of metal mold;
4) the cooling cylinder sleeve cast part obtains the quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve.
3. the preparation method of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the step that described cooling cylinder sleeve cast part obtains the quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve is:
A. the mold clearing temperature of control cylinder cover foundry goods is 890～910 ℃, and in the water base hardening liquid of quenching rapidly, makes foundry goods be quickly cooled to 420～500 ℃;
B. with naturally cooling behind the casting parts thermal insulation slow cooling 1.5～2.5h to 350～450 ℃;
C. foundry goods is carried out temper, naturally cooling then at 340～360 ℃ of insulations of temperature, 1.5～2.5h.
4. the preparation method of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described water-based hardening liquid is FEROQUENCH 2000 water-based hardening liquids or PAG 9020 water-based hardening liquids.
5. the preparation method of quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket as claimed in claim 4, the mass concentration that it is characterized in that described water-based hardening liquid is 5～15%.
6. as the preparation method of one of claim 2-5 described quasi-as-cast bainite gray cast iron cylinder jacket, it is characterized in that cooling off cylinder sleeve cast part, to obtain the step of quasi-as-cast bainite cylinder sleeve as follows:
A. control cylinder cover depanning temperature is 900 ℃, and to quench rapidly into mass concentration be 5～15% water-based hardening liquid, makes foundry goods be quickly cooled to 420～500 ℃;
B. with naturally cooling behind the casting parts thermal insulation slow cooling 2h to 350～450 ℃;
C. foundry goods is carried out temper, naturally cooling then at 350 ℃ of insulations of temperature 2h.
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