CN114807735B - Corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition, cylinder sleeve and preparation method - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition, cylinder sleeve and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114807735B CN114807735B CN202110085218.1A CN202110085218A CN114807735B CN 114807735 B CN114807735 B CN 114807735B CN 202110085218 A CN202110085218 A CN 202110085218A CN 114807735 B CN114807735 B CN 114807735B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engine cylinder liners, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition, a cylinder liner and a preparation method. The corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass, 2.6-3.2% of C, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, and Si:1.7-2.3%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.3-0.7%, cu:1.1-2.5%, mo:0.7-1.5%, nb:0.2-0.5% and the balance Fe. According to the invention, the bainite cylinder sleeve with excellent corrosion resistance is obtained through the adjustment of the use amount of each component and the coordination effect among the components. The corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron obtained by casting has the tensile strength of over 400MPa, the hardness of 270-330HBW, the mechanical property equivalent to that of alloy bainite gray cast iron, low production cost, good corrosion resistance, simple manufacture and higher application value and economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile engine cylinder liners, and particularly relates to a corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition, a cylinder liner and a preparation method.
Background
In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder liner is in a high-temperature, high-pressure and complex gas environment, and the service life of the cylinder liner is easily affected by friction, corrosion and the like, so that the material used for the cylinder liner is required to have high mechanical performance and corrosion resistance. At present, the chemical composition of bainite gray cast iron cylinder liners is generally as follows: c:2.7-3.1%; si:1.3-2.2%; mn:0.4 to 0.8 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and S is less than or equal to 0.1 percent; cu:0.3-1.0%, mo:1.0 to 1.5 percent; ni:1.0 to 1.5 percent and the balance of Fe, but with the promotion of the national six-standard requirements, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of the common cylinder sleeve are difficult to meet the high requirements.
Bainite has high mechanical property and wear resistance, good comprehensive performance, simple production process and high yield compared with nodular cast iron; compared with gray cast iron, the high-strength wear-resistant cast iron has high strength and good wear resistance. In the prior art, in order to improve the corrosion resistance, more expensive metal components are generally introduced, and the cost is higher. If the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron cylinder sleeve with lower cost can be provided, the cylinder sleeve has wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects that the corrosion performance of the cylinder liner needs to be further improved in the prior art, and the like, thereby providing a bainite gray cast iron composition, a cylinder liner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the bainite gray cast iron composition, the cylinder liner and the preparation method thereof do not need to introduce expensive metal components and have excellent corrosion resistance.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, 2.6-3.2% of C, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, and Si:1.7-2.3%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.3-0.7%, cu:1.1-2.5%, mo:0.7-1.5%, nb:0.2-0.5% and the balance Fe.
Optionally, the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass, 2.8-3.0% of C, less than or equal to 0.08% of S, and Si:1.8-2.2%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.4-0.6%, cu:1.15-1.5%, mo:0.75 to 0.95%, nb:0.25-0.45%, and the balance of Fe.
The invention provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder sleeve, which is composed of the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder sleeve, which comprises the following steps:
proportioning according to a proportion, and obtaining a blank through the steps of smelting, inoculation, pouring, cooling and heat preservation;
and annealing the obtained blank to obtain the corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder sleeve.
Optionally, the temperature of the smelting step is 1500-1540 ℃.
Alternatively, those skilled in the art will be familiar with concurrent inoculation, and the inoculant is a silicon-barium inoculant, commercially available.
Optionally, the pouring step is centrifugal pouring, and the temperature of the mold is controlled to be 200-300 ℃.
Optionally, the cooling step is cooling to 420-440 ℃ at a rate of 150-200 ℃/min.
Optionally, the temperature of the heat preservation step is 330-370 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 90-120min.
Optionally, the temperature of the annealing step is 510-530 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4h.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass, 2.6-3.2% of C, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, and Si:1.7-2.3%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.3-0.7%, cu:1.1-2.5%, mo:0.7-1.5%, nb:0.2-0.5% and the balance Fe. In the invention, the components of the bainite material are optimized in consideration of cost, the low alloy amount and the low-cost alloy are used as far as possible under the condition of ensuring the transformation of the bainite structure, and elements for purifying the material matrix grain boundary are added to ensure that the material has improved strength and improved corrosion resistance. According to the invention, the bainite gray cast iron cylinder sleeve with excellent corrosion resistance is obtained through the adjustment of the use amount of each component and the coordination effect among the components. Particularly, the addition of Cu, mo and Nb alloy with specific dosage can refine graphite and matrix structure, and is beneficial to the formation of bainite structure and the improvement of cast iron strength and corrosion resistance. If a proper amount of Cu plays a role of an active cathode in the corrosion process of the cast iron, the surface of the cast iron can be promoted to generate anodic polarization under a certain condition, the corrosion effect is reduced, and the thermodynamic stability of the cast iron is improved; when the copper content is less than 1.0% (conventional copper content), the corrosion prevention effect is not obvious, the solubility of copper in cast iron is about 3%, yellow copper-rich precipitation is easy to occur after the copper content is exceeded, and the control is not easy, so the Cu upper line is controlled to be less than 2.5%. Mo can ensure that the cast iron obtains an acicular bainite structure in an as-cast state, and the addition of Mo weakens the potential of the primary battery in the cast iron and improves the potential of a metal matrix of the cast iron. Nb has a modification effect in cast iron, nb can refine cast iron eutectic clusters to enable the cast iron eutectic clusters to be small in size and improve strength, nb can purify a cast iron structure, a niobium compound is rarely precipitated at a grain boundary and does not generate grain boundary cracks, the niobium compound purifies the grain boundary, the intergranular oxidation resistance is improved, the grain boundary is prevented from being damaged, and the corrosion resistance of the cast iron is improved.
According to the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition, the corrosion resistance of the prepared cylinder sleeve can be further improved through optimized selection of the use amount of each component.
2. The invention provides a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder sleeve, which comprises the following steps: proportioning according to a proportion, and obtaining a blank through the steps of smelting, inoculation, pouring, cooling and heat preservation; and annealing the obtained blank to obtain the corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron cylinder sleeve.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.95wt%, S:0.07wt%, si:2.12wt%, P:0.08wt%, mn:0.58wt%, cu:1.35wt%, mo:1.03wt%, nb:0.32wt%, the balance being iron. Pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 240 ℃, demolding at 810 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 420 ℃ at the speed of 190 ℃/min, putting the blank into a heat preservation box at 330 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5h, taking out for air cooling, carrying out heat preservation for 3 h at 510 ℃ on the cooled blank, carrying out annealing treatment, processing a tensile test rod, detecting a hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block.
Wherein the tensile strength is as per GB/T228.1-2010 l: part 1 of the metallic material tensile test: standard test of Room temperature test method.
Hardness according to GB/T231.1: "Brinell hardness test of Metal materials part 1: test methods ″.
The corrosion data is expressed by weight loss after 24h of test corrosion according to JB/T7901 'method for testing uniform corrosion full immersion in metal material laboratory'.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 479MPa, the hardness is 305HBW, and the weight loss after 24 hours of test corrosion is 0.0163g.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.91wt%, S:0.05wt%, si:2.01wt%, P:0.05wt%, mn:0.35wt%, cu:1.28wt%, mo:0.82wt%, nb:0.25wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 300 ℃, demolding at 850 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 430 ℃ at the speed of 165 ℃/min, placing the blank into an incubator at 370 ℃ for heat preservation for 2h, taking out for air cooling, preserving the cooled blank at 530 ℃ for annealing treatment for 3 h, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 453MPa, the hardness is 298HBW, and the weight loss after the test corrosion is 24 hours is 0.0196g.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.62wt%, S:0.09wt%, si:2.26wt%, P:0.08wt%, mn:0.31wt%, cu:2.43wt%, mo:0.73wt%, nb:0.45wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 300 ℃, demolding at 800 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 440 ℃ at the speed of 190 ℃/min, putting the blank into a heat preservation box at 330 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, taking out for air cooling, preserving the heat of the cooled blank at 510 ℃ for 3 hours for annealing treatment, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the alloy has tensile strength of 496MPa, hardness of 315HBW and weight loss of 0.0124g after 24h of test corrosion.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:3.15wt%, S:0.05wt%, si:1.85wt%, P:0.06wt%, mn:0.68wt%, cu:1.15wt%, mo:1.47wt%, nb:0.22wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 230 ℃, demolding at 840 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 425 ℃ at the speed of 165 ℃/min, placing the blank into a heat preservation box at 370 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, taking out for air cooling, preserving the heat of the cooled blank at 515 ℃ for 3 hours for annealing treatment, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 485MPa, the hardness is 308HBW, and the weight loss after 24h of test corrosion is 0.0205g.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.85wt%, S:0.07wt%, si:2.15wt%, P:0.06wt%, mn:0.45wt%, cu:1.45wt%, mo:0.92wt%, nb:0.43wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 295 ℃, demolding at 810 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 425 ℃ at the speed of 165 ℃/min, placing the blank into a heat preservation box at 330 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, taking out the blank for air cooling, preserving the heat of the cooled blank at 520 ℃ for 3 hours for annealing treatment, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 476MPa, the hardness is 295HBW, and the weight loss after 24 hours of test corrosion is 0.0118g.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.98wt%, S:0.07wt%, si:1.92wt%, P:0.08wt%, mn:0.58wt%, cu:1.15wt%, mo:0.79wt%, nb:0.26wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold at 235 ℃, demolding at 840 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 425 ℃ at the speed of 190 ℃/min, placing the blank into a heat preservation box at 370 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, taking out for air cooling, preserving the heat of the cooled blank at 520 ℃ for 3 hours for annealing treatment, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 484MPa, the hardness is 304HBW, and the weight loss after 24 hours of test corrosion is 0.0187g.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner, which is prepared by proportioning raw materials according to a proportion, smelting raw materials such as pig iron, scrap steel, nb and Cu at 1510-1540 ℃, heating molten iron, controlling the temperature to be about 1520 ℃, adopting downstream inoculation operation inoculation during tapping, adopting a silicon-barium inoculant, scooping the molten iron for spectral component analysis, and obtaining an analysis result C:2.95wt%, S:0.07wt%, si:2.05wt%, P:0.07wt%, mn:0.55wt%, cu:1.35wt%, mo:0.85wt%, nb:0.32wt% of iron and the balance of iron, pouring the inoculated molten iron into a centrifugal casting machine, controlling the temperature of a mold to be 285 ℃, demolding at 820 ℃ after the blank is solidified, rapidly cooling the blank to 425 ℃ at the speed of 180 ℃/min, putting the blank into a heat preservation box at 370 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours, taking out for air cooling, preserving the heat of the cooled blank at 520 ℃ for 3 hours for annealing treatment, processing a tensile test bar, detecting hardness metallographic phase and making a corrosion sample block. The test method was the same as in example 1.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 458MPa, the hardness is 295HBW, and the weight loss after 24 hours of test corrosion is 0.0158g.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder jacket, and its composition analysis result is C:2.95wt%, S:0.08wt%, si:2.05wt%, P:0.08wt%, mn:0.55wt%, cu:0.85wt%, mo:0.85wt%, nb:0.12wt%, the balance being iron, the preparation method being the same as example 7.
The detection result shows that the tensile strength is 365MPa, the hardness is 256HBW, and the weight loss after 24h of test corrosion is 0.0359g.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder jacket, and its composition analysis result is C:2.95wt%, S:0.07wt%, si:2.05wt%, P:0.08wt%, mn:0.55wt%, cu:2.62wt%, mo:0.85wt%, nb:0.56wt%, and the balance iron, prepared in the same manner as example 7.
The test result shows that the tensile strength is 478MPa, the hardness is 305HBW, and the weight loss after 24h of test corrosion is 0.0169g. Although the bainite corrosion resistance prepared by the comparative example can meet the use requirement, the content of noble metals Nb and Cu is higher, and the production cost is obviously increased, which is also not desirable.
Comparative example 3
The composition of the conventional bainite gray cast iron is as follows: c:2.9wt%, S:0.05wt%, si:2.05wt%, P:0.05wt%, mn:0.45wt%, mo:1.08wt%, ni:1.15wt%, the balance being iron, the preparation method being the same as example 7.
The test result shows that the tensile strength is 415MPa, the hardness is 285HBW, and the weight loss after 24h of corrosion is 0.4530g in the test.
The cylinder sleeve gray cast iron obtained by casting has the advantages of tensile strength of more than 400MPa, hardness of 270-330HBW, mechanical property equivalent to that of alloy bainite gray cast iron, low production cost, good corrosion resistance, simple manufacture, and higher application value and economic value.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition is characterized by comprising, by mass, 2.6-2.98% of C, less than or equal to 0.1% of S, and Si:1.7-2.3%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.3-0.7%, cu:1.1-2.5%, mo:0.7-1.5%, nb:0.2-0.5%, the rest is Fe;
the cylinder liner gray cast iron is obtained by casting, the tensile strength of the cylinder liner gray cast iron reaches more than 453MPa, and the hardness is 270-330HBW.
2. The corrosion-resistant bainite gray cast iron composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the composition of the components in mass percent is, C is 2.8-2.98%, S is less than or equal to 0.08%, si:1.8-2.2%, P is less than or equal to 0.1%, mn:0.4-0.6%, cu:1.15-1.5%, mo:0.75 to 0.95%, nb:0.25-0.45%, and the balance of Fe.
3. A corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner characterized by the composition of the corrosion resistant bainite gray cast iron composition set forth in claim 1 or claim 2.
4. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner set forth in claim 3 including the steps of:
proportioning according to a proportion, and obtaining a blank through the steps of smelting, inoculation, pouring, cooling and heat preservation;
and annealing the obtained blank to obtain the corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder sleeve.
5. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4 wherein the temperature of the melting step is 1500-1540 ℃.
6. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4 wherein the inoculation step is carried out in a concurrent inoculation mode with a silicon barium inoculant.
7. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4 wherein the casting step is centrifugal casting and the temperature of the mold is controlled to be 200-300 ℃.
8. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4 wherein the cooling step is cooling to 420-440 ℃ at a rate of 150-200 ℃/min.
9. The method for manufacturing a corrosion-resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the keeping step is 330-370 ℃ and the keeping time is 90-120min.
10. The method of making a corrosion resistant bainite cylinder liner according to claim 4 wherein the temperature of the annealing step is 510-530 ℃ and the annealing time is 1-4 hours.
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| 中国标准出版社 全国热处理标准化技术委员会.灰铸铁件热处理工艺温度.《中国机械工业标准汇编 金属热处理 第二版》.中国标准出版社,2002,第180页. * |
| 山东省机械设计研究院主编.铸铁和冲天炉.《铸铁和冲天炉》.山东人民出版社,1977,第54页. * |
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