CN100473737C - Wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate and manufacture process thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate and manufacture process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100473737C CN100473737C CNB2007100658336A CN200710065833A CN100473737C CN 100473737 C CN100473737 C CN 100473737C CN B2007100658336 A CNB2007100658336 A CN B2007100658336A CN 200710065833 A CN200710065833 A CN 200710065833A CN 100473737 C CN100473737 C CN 100473737C
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- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010113 evaporative-pattern casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 electric power Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of wear resistant bainite cast steel liner plate and its manufacture process. The cast steel liner plate material consists of C 0.45-0.55 wt%, Si 1.6-2.0 wt%, Mn 2.8-3.3 wt%, P not more than 0.06 wt%, S not more than 0.04 wt% and Fe for the rest. Its manufacture process includes smelting in a medium frequency induction furnace, vacuum casting, cooling controlling heat treatment to obtain complex phase bainite structure, and final low temperature tempering. The liner plate material consists of needle like bainite as main component, small amount of martensite and residual austenite, and has hardness of HRC53-55, impact toughness of 22-27 J/sq cm, and excellent comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate and manufacture method thereof, belong to metallic substance and preparing technical field thereof.
Background technology
Ball mill is widely used in fields such as mine, metallurgy, building materials, electric power, chemical industry, and the liner plate in the ball mill is as main abrasion piece, and consumption is huge.The a large amount of ball grinding machine lining boards that use of China remain traditional high manganese steel lining plate at present, because the surging force that in use is subjected to is less, be difficult to obtain the ideal drawing hardening effect, thereby wear no resistance, simultaneously because high mangaenese steel flow drag is low, liner plate in use surface can produce viscous deformation, and make interlock takes place between the liner plate, even bulk deformation.Other material such as high chrome cast iron lining plate, although the initial hardness height, poor impact toughness, easy fracture; Also having a class in addition is the steel alloy liner plate, and particularly the cast steel of bainite fundamental mode becomes comparatively ideal material of wear-resistant grinding abrasion owing to it has the excellent comprehensive performance, is applicable to occasions such as wear-resisting, shock-resistant, high strength, high tenacity and antifatigue.
The cast steel that acquisition at present has the bainite heterogeneous structure mainly contains following mode: (1) adopts isothermal quenching technique to obtain, the chemical ingredients of the isothermal hardening bainite steel that uses as high-abrasive material is: C:0.5～1.2% (belonging to middle carbon, medium high carbon scope), Si:2.0～2.6%, Mo:0.5%, an amount of Mn, Ni are as patent US142326, JP79436, OE2817628, JP7052832 are this class steel.The mechanism that its tissue forms is similar to the isothermal quenching Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron, promptly earlier warm area isothermal in being chilled to behind the workpiece austenitizing is obtained a certain amount of bainite, is quenched into martensite point (M afterwards again
SPoint) Yi Xia temperature is to finish martensitic transformation.In this method, cooling stages behind austenitizing, workpiece can be quenched in the different heat-eliminating medium (salt solution or oil), by controlling different speed of cooling, make workpiece be cooled to the middle temperature transformation district rapidly, be incubated in the middle temperature transformation district subsequently, to finish most of bainite transformation, thereby obtain a certain amount of bainite, be quenched to again subsequently below the martensite point, obtain the bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure.Complex process, operation are long, power consumption is big, the easy contaminate environment of quenchant but isothermal quenching technique exists, and also need add certain Mn, Mo, the Ni alloying element improves hardening capacity, make wear-resistant bainite cast steel production cost height, the quality instability.(2) under air cooling or as-cast condition, obtain bainite cast steel by alloying, promptly by adding a certain amount of alloying element such as Mo, Mn, B etc., change the C curve shape of steel, postpone its high temperature transformation, make the supercooled austenite middle warm area by bainite transformation continuously with suitable speed of cooling, thus under the air cooling condition acquisition bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure.This technology is compared with the isothermal quenching technique that tradition obtains the bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure, have advantages such as save energy, shortening production cycle, minimizing pollution, but there is big section hardening capacity deficiency simultaneously, especially alloying element adds back easily formation carbide or oxide compound, the smelting control difficulty of steel is strengthened, and can cause shortcoming such as material composition rising.
As can be seen, although existing bainite steel alloy liner plate wear resisting property excellence, but still exist complex manufacturing, deficiencies such as the cycle is long, production cost is high, quality instability, thereby restricting its large-scale promotion and application, be difficult to satisfy and produce and market demand.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming long, the deficiencies such as power consumption is big, the easy contaminate environment of quenchant, production cost height, quality instability of complex process, operation that existing steel alloy liner plate exists, the invention provides a kind of novel abrasion-proof cast steel lining board with bainite heterogeneous structure and manufacture method thereof.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate is characterized in that the composition quality of liner plate than (wt.%) is: C:0.45～0.55%; Si:1.6～2.0%; Mn:2.8～3.3%; P≤0.06%; S≤0.04%; Surplus is Fe.
Described wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate makes through following process steps:
(1) raw material that will according to chemical composition carry out after the charge calculation is put into the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, the electric furnace acid lining, and make slag former with quartz sand, come out of the stove and added Si, Mn alloying element in preceding 5～8 minutes, control molten steel tapping temperature is at 1480 ℃～1530 ℃, and final deoxygenation is deoxidation in the aluminum steel casting ladle;
(2) with the molten steel casting moulding of (1) step;
(3) cast steel liner plate with cast molding carries out following thermal treatment:
A, liner plate is heated to the austenitic area, heating and temperature control is at 860～880 ℃, insulation 1～2h;
B, with atomized water continuously spray on liner plate, cool off, and the pressure of control current is 0.1～0.16MPa, after the liner plate temperature reaches 260～350 ℃, stops spray;
C, will spray cooled liner plate and be deposited in the container of sealing, utilize the residual heat insulation 2～3h of liner plate;
D, liner plate is taken out from container, air cooling promptly gets the cast steel liner plate with bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure to room temperature;
(4) with the liner plate low-temperaturetempering after the thermal treatment, 220 ℃ of temperature, insulation 1～2h.
Vacuum-evaporative pattern casting is adopted in molten steel casting moulding in the described step (2), specifically: with liner plate apperance bonding bunchiness, be coated with the quartz sand wilkinite paste coating that hangs up 1～2mm then earlier, toast 2～4h under 50～60 ℃ temperature; During moulding, earlier sandbox is placed on the shaking table, inserts bed load, behind vibration 30～40s, wipe bed load off, put into the apperance string of coating,, fill up sand after vibration 60～90s again from the edge back-up sand of sandbox, strickling sand surface, cover the sandbox surface with plastics film, and insert sprue cup, vacuumize then.When vacuum tightness reaches 0.52～0.58MPa, adopt the upright casting mode to pour into a mould, the duration of pouring, 10～15s continued to vacuumize 15～20min after the cast, vacuumize finish after, leave standstill 30～40min, can unpack.
The atomized water of b process obtains by atomizing sprayer in the described step (3), and atomizing sprayer is equipped with under meter, manometric water-supply pipe by the pipe group of band jet head sets on it on its of pipe connecting group, and the water pump that connects water-supply pipe constitutes.
Compare with traditional bainite steel alloy liner plate, because the present invention carries out specific controlled chilling thermal treatment with the cast steel of particular chemical composition, this technology can change the cooling characteristic of quenchant in heat treatment process, improve its cooling power, improved the through hardening performance of cast steel to a certain extent, and can crystal grain thinning, therefore in cast steel, only add Si and Mn element, can obtain the bainite heterogeneous structure and need not to add other valuable alloying element, can not only save a large amount of energy and expensive alloying element, reduce production costs greatly, reduce the environmental pollution in the heat treatment process, and can also effectively improve the liner plate quality, improve the liner plate performance.Adopt the present invention can realize large-scale industrial production in addition, production technique is simple.The present invention can also be applied to the manufacturing of other ferrous materials wearing piece.
Description of drawings
The controlled chilling heat treatment cycle curve figure of Fig. 1 bainite cast steel liner plate.
The scanning electron microscope shape appearance figure of Fig. 2 bainite cast steel liner plate microstructure.
The transmission electron microscope shape appearance figure of Fig. 3 bainite cast steel liner plate microstructure.
Fig. 4 is the atomizing sprayer structural representation.
Among Fig. 4,1 is jet head sets, and 2 is the pipe group, and 3 is water-supply pipe, links to each other with water pump, and 4 is pressure warning unit, and 5 is under meter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
The composition quality of cast steel liner plate than (wt.%) is among the present invention: C:0.45～0.55%; Si:1.6～2.0%; Mn:2.8～3.3%; P≤0.06%; S≤0.04%; Surplus is Fe.
The raw material that the chemical ingredients of the listed embodiment 1-4 of according to the form below is carried out after the charge calculation is put into the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, the electric furnace acid lining, and make slag former with quartz sand, come out of the stove and added Si, Mn alloying element in preceding 5 minutes, control molten steel tapping temperature is at 1530 ℃, and final deoxygenation is deoxidation in the aluminum steel casting ladle:
(1), the molten steel of melting is pressed following method cast molding: adopt vacuum-evaporative pattern casting (EPC).Specifically: with liner plate apperance bonding bunchiness, be coated with then and hang up the thick quartz sand wilkinite paste coating of 1mm earlier, under 60 ℃ temperature, toast 4h; During moulding, earlier sandbox is placed on the shaking table, inserts bed load, behind the vibration 30s, wipe bed load off, put into the apperance string of coating,, fill up sand after vibration 60s again from the edge back-up sand of sandbox, strickling sand surface covers the sandbox surface with plastics film, and inserts sprue cup, vacuumizes then.When vacuum tightness reaches 0.58MPa, adopt the upright casting mode to pour into a mould, the duration of pouring, 10s continued to vacuumize 15min after the cast, vacuumize finish after, leave standstill 30min, can unpack;
(2) cast steel liner plate with cast molding carries out following thermal treatment:
A, liner plate is heated to the austenitic area, selecting temperature is 860 ℃, insulation 2h;
B, Jiang Shui atomize, and continuously spray cools off on liner plate then, and the pressure of control current is 0.1MPa, after the liner plate temperature is lower than 350 ℃, stop spray;
C, will spray cooled liner plate and be deposited in the container of sealing, and utilize the waste heat of liner plate to be incubated 3h;
D, liner plate is taken out from container, air cooling promptly gets the cast steel liner plate with bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure to room temperature;
(3) with the liner plate low-temperaturetempering after the thermal treatment, 220 ℃ of temperature, insulation 2h.
Water the liner plate that casts out in the foregoing description and be shaped well any surface finish, interior solid.Tissue and the performance (hardness, impelling strength, the impact abrasive wear performance that comprise liner plate) and the industrial applications result of bainite cast steel liner plate after controlled chilling thermal treatment have then mainly been investigated.
On the cast steel liner plate after the controlled chilling thermal treatment sampling analysis its microstructure, can reach a conclusion in conjunction with X-ray diffraction analysis according to Fig. 2: the tissue that the cast steel liner plate of selected composition obtains after through controlled chilling thermal treatment is mainly typical lower bainite and a small amount of martensite and residual austenite.Choose the diffraction result as can be known from the TEM pattern combination of Fig. 3 cast steel liner plate, substantially parallel between the bainite ferrite bar in the liner plate (white lath among the figure), do not have the position to poor, intensive dislocation line and the carbide that aligns are arranged therein, belong to typical lower bainite form.
By further analyzing and testing, the mechanical property of the prepared liner plate of the present invention is as follows:
As can be seen, the hardness value of prepared bainite cast steel liner plate is at HRC53～55, impelling strength α
kValue is at 22～27J/cm
2, have good combination of strength and toughness and comprehensive mechanical property.The impact abrasive wear test-results shows that the controlled chilling bainite/martensite complex phase cast steel liner plate sample of being developed is when hanging down ballistic work, polishing machine and oil quenching martensite and isothermal hardening bainite/martensite sample is suitable substantially, is 1.8～1.9 times of high mangaenese steel sample; And when the HI high impact merit, controlled chilling bainite/martensite heterogeneous structure sample wear resistance is better than oil quenching martensite, isothermal hardening bainite/martensite and high mangaenese steel sample, and wear resistance is 1.3～1.5 times of high mangaenese steel sample.
Adopt bainite cast steel liner plate that the present invention produces in tu guan cement mill, Yunnan, manufacture of cement producer Commercial application such as rich people cement mill shows, can reach 2.5～3 years its work-ing life in Φ 1.8 * 7m ball mill, be more than 2 times of former use high manganese steel lining plate; Select factory at copper, the liner plate of production the ball mill of Φ 1.5 * 3m on, work-ing life was in 1.5 years, and former high manganese steel lining plate had only about 9 months; At iron ore, the bar scaleboard of production is 1.4 times of former high manganese steel lining plate life-span work-ing life on the ball mill of Φ 3.6 * 4m.More than as seen, the controlled chilling bainite cast steel liner plate of being developed uses on metal mine, cement mill, its life-span is 1.5～2.0 times of former high manganese steel lining plate.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of manufacture method of wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate comprises:
(1) melting: the raw material that will according to chemical composition carry out after the charge calculation is put into the medium-frequency induction furnace melting, the electric furnace acid lining, and make slag former with quartz sand, come out of the stove and added Si, Mn alloying element in preceding 5～8 minutes, control molten steel tapping temperature is at 1480 ℃～1530 ℃, final deoxygenation is deoxidation in the aluminum steel casting ladle, gets the chemical ingredients of following mass ratio wt.%: C:0.45～0.55%; Si:1.6～2.0%; Mn:2.8～3.3%; P≤0.06%; S≤0.04%; Surplus is Fe;
(2) with the molten steel casting moulding of (1) step;
It is characterized in that:
(3) cast steel liner plate with cast molding carries out following thermal treatment:
A, liner plate is heated to the austenitic area, heating and temperature control is at 860～880 ℃, insulation 1～2h;
B, with atomized water continuously spray on liner plate, cool off, and the pressure of control current is 0.1～0.16MPa, after the liner plate temperature reaches 260～350 ℃, stops spray;
C, will spray cooled liner plate and be deposited in the container of sealing, and utilize the waste heat of liner plate to be incubated 2～3h;
D, liner plate is taken out from container, air cooling promptly gets wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate to room temperature;
(4) with the liner plate low-temperaturetempering after the thermal treatment, 220 ℃ of temperature, insulation 1～2h.
2, the manufacture method of wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate according to claim 1, vacuum-evaporative pattern casting is adopted in the molten steel casting moulding that it is characterized in that described step (2), specifically: earlier with liner plate apperance bonding bunchiness, be coated with the quartz sand wilkinite paste coating that hangs up 1～2mm then, under 50～60 ℃ temperature, toast 2～4h; During moulding, earlier sandbox is placed on the shaking table, insert bed load, behind vibration 30～40s, wipe bed load off, put into the apperance string of coating, from the edge back-up sand of sandbox, fill up sand after vibration 60～90s again, wipe the sand surface off, cover the sandbox surface with plastics film, and insert sprue cup, vacuumize then, when vacuum tightness reaches 0.52～0.58MPa, adopt the upright casting mode to pour into a mould, the duration of pouring, 10～15s continued to vacuumize 15～20min after the cast, vacuumize finish after, leave standstill 30～40min, can unpack.
3, the manufacture method of wear-resistant bainite cast steel liner plate according to claim 1, the atomized water that it is characterized in that b process in the described step (3) obtains by atomizing sprayer, atomizing sprayer is by the pipe group of band jet head sets on it, under meter, manometric water-supply pipe are housed on its of pipe connecting group, and the water pump that connects water-supply pipe constitutes.
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| GB0719457D0 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2007-11-14 | Skf Ab | Heat-treatment process for a steel |
| CN102031448A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-04-27 | 昆明理工大学 | Ferrous alloy for large-diameter grinding ball |
| CN102784886A (en) * | 2012-08-05 | 2012-11-21 | 胡立仁 | Casting method of lining plate of ball mill |
| CN103366974A (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2013-10-23 | 舟山市新龙电子设备有限公司 | Capacitor aluminum case panel veneer film coating method |
| CN103639357B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-08-05 | 马鞍山市盛磊耐磨合金制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of coal pulverizer mill bowl liner plate |
| CN105018834B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-05-10 | 东北大学 | Alloy Bainite ductile cast iron roller surface of high-pressure roller mill and preparation method of alloy Bainite ductile cast iron roller surface |
| CN105803319B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-11-10 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of scalariform bainite and martensite Multiphase Steel wear resistant roll set and preparation method thereof |
| CN109482888A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-19 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of hard alloy forming method cooling based on atomized steam |
| CN109234640A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-01-18 | 泉州市恒通机械配件有限公司 | A kind of cast steel and its production technology |
| CN115415535B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-06 | 山东耀周研磨材料股份有限公司 | Production method of bainite steel shot |
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| US5246510A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1993-09-21 | Applied Process | Method for producing a selectively surface hardened cast iron part |
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