CN101119999A - 5,6-二烷基-7-氨基唑并嘧啶、其制备方法及其在防治有害真菌中的用途以及包含这些化合物的组合物 - Google Patents
5,6-二烷基-7-氨基唑并嘧啶、其制备方法及其在防治有害真菌中的用途以及包含这些化合物的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101119999A CN101119999A CNA200680005112XA CN200680005112A CN101119999A CN 101119999 A CN101119999 A CN 101119999A CN A200680005112X A CNA200680005112X A CN A200680005112XA CN 200680005112 A CN200680005112 A CN 200680005112A CN 101119999 A CN101119999 A CN 101119999A
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- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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Abstract
本发明公开了式(I)的5,6-二烷基-7-氨基唑并嘧啶,其中R1为烷基或烷氧基烷基,其中脂族基团可以如说明书所述任选被取代;R2为CHRxCH3、环丙基、CH=CH2或CH2CH=CH2;Rx为氢、CH3、CH2CH3或卤代甲基;A为N或CH;R3为甲基且若A为CH,则R3额外为氢。本发明还公开了制备这些化合物的方法和中间体、包含它们的物质以及它们在防治植物病原性有害真菌中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及式I的5,6-二烷基-7-氨基唑并嘧啶:
其中各取代基如下所定义:
R1为C5-C12烷基或C5-C14烷氧基烷基,其中脂族基团可以被1-3个下列基团取代:氰基、硝基、羟基、C3-C6环烷基、C1-C6烷硫基和NRaRb;
Ra、Rb为氢或C1-C6烷基;
R2为CHRxCH3、环丙基、CH=CH2或CH2CH=CH2;
Rx为氢、CH3、CH2CH3或卤代甲基;
A为N或CH;
R3为CH3且若A为CH,则R3额外为氢。
此外,本发明涉及制备这些化合物的方法,包含它们的组合物以及它们在防治植物病原性有害真菌中的用途。
5,6-二烷基-7-氨基三唑并-和-吡唑并嘧啶以一般方式在GB1148629中提出。各种杀真菌活性的5,6-二烷基-7-氨基三唑并-和-吡唑并嘧啶由EP-A141317已知。然而,在许多情况下它们的活性并不令人满意。基于此,本发明的目的是提供具有改进的活性和/或更宽活性谱的化合物。
我们发现该目的由开头所定义的化合物实现。此外,我们发现了制备这些化合物的方法和中间体、包含它们的组合物以及使用化合物I防治有害真菌的方法。
式I化合物与上述出版物中的那些化合物的不同在于在唑并嘧啶骨架5位中的取代基的具体实施方案。
与已知化合物相比,式I化合物对有害真菌更为有效。
本发明化合物可以通过不同途径得到。有利的是通过使式II的取代β-酮酸酯与式III的氨基唑反应以得到式IV的7-羟基唑并嘧啶而得到本发明化合物。式II和IV中的变量如对式I所定义且式II中的基团R为C1-C4烷基;出于实际原因,这里优选甲基、乙基或丙基。
式IV化合物是新的。
式II的取代β-酮酸酯与式III的氨基唑的反应可以在溶剂存在或不存在下进行。有利的是使用对原料基本呈惰性且原料完全或部分可溶于其中的溶剂。合适的溶剂尤其是醇类,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、二醇或二醇单醚、二甘醇或其单醚,芳族烃类,如甲苯、苯或1,3,5-三甲基苯,酰胺类,如二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、二丁基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,低级链烷酸,如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸,或碱类,如碱金属和碱土金属氢氧化物,碱金属和碱土金属氧化物,碱金属和碱土金属氢化物,碱金属氨化物,碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐,还有碱金属碳酸氢盐,有机金属化合物,尤其是碱金属烷基化合物、烷基卤化镁、碱金属和碱土金属醇盐以及二甲氧基镁,还有有机碱,例如叔胺,如三甲胺、三乙胺、三异丙基乙基胺、三丁胺和N-甲基哌啶,N-甲基吗啉,吡啶,取代的吡啶,如可力丁、卢剔啶和4-二甲基氨基吡啶,以及双环胺和这些溶剂与水的混合物。合适的催化剂是如上所述的碱或酸,如磺酸或无机酸。该反应特别优选在没有溶剂下进行或在氯苯、二甲苯、二甲亚砜或N-甲基吡咯烷酮中进行。特别优选的碱是叔胺,如三异丙基乙基胺、三丁胺、N-甲基吗啉或N-甲基哌啶。若该反应在溶液中进行,则温度为50-300℃,优选50-180℃[参见EP-A770615;Adv.Het.Chem.,第57卷(1993),第81页及随后各页]。
碱通常以催化量使用;然而,它们还可以等摩尔量或过量使用或合适的话用作溶剂。
所得式IV的缩合物在大多数情况下以纯净形式从反应溶液中沉淀并且在用相同溶剂或水洗涤以及随后干燥后使它们与卤化试剂,尤其是氯化或溴化试剂反应,得到式V化合物,其中Hal为氯或溴,尤其是氯。该反应优选使用氯化试剂如磷酰氯、亚硫酰氯或磺酰氯在50-150℃下进行,优选在过量磷酰氯中在回流温度下进行。在蒸发过量磷酰氯之后,用冰水处理残余物,合适的话加入不与水溶混的溶剂。合适的话在蒸发惰性溶剂之后由干燥的有机相分离的氯化产物在大多数情况下非常纯净且随后与氨在惰性溶剂中于100-200℃下反应,得到7-氨基唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶。该反应优选使用摩尔过量1-10倍的氨在1-100巴的压力下进行。
合适的话在蒸发溶剂之后,本发明的7-氨基唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶通过在水中浸煮而以结晶化合物分离。
式II的β-酮酸酯可以如Organic Synthesis Coll.,第1卷,第248页所述制备和/或可以市购。
式V的中间体是新的。
或者可以通过使其中R1和R2如上所定义的式VI的取代酰基氰化物与式III的氨基唑反应而得到本发明的式I化合物。
该反应可以在溶剂存在或不存在下进行。有利的是使用原料对其基本呈惰性且完全或部分可溶于其中的溶剂。合适的溶剂尤其为醇类,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、二醇或二醇单醚、二甘醇或其单醚,芳族烃类,如甲苯、苯或1,3,5-三甲基苯,酰胺类,如二甲基甲酰胺、二乙基甲酰胺、二丁基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,低级链烷酸,如甲酸、乙酸、丙酸,或如上所述的碱,以及这些溶剂与水的混合物。若反应在溶液中进行,则反应温度为50-300℃,优选50-150℃。
合适的话在蒸发溶剂或用水稀释之后,本发明式I的7-氨基唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶以结晶化合物分离。
某些制备7-氨基唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶所需的式VI的取代烷基氰化物是已知的或者可以通过已知方法由烷基氰化物和羧酸酯使用强碱如碱金属氢化物、碱金属醇盐、碱金属氨化物或金属烷基化合物制备[参见J.Amer.Chem.Soc.,第73卷(1951),第3766页]。
若各化合物I不能通过上述途径得到,则可以经由其他化合物I的衍生而制备它们。
若在合成中产生异构体混合物,则通常不必进行分离,因为在某些情况下各异构体可以在应用的后处理过程中或在使用过程中(例如在光、酸或碱的作用下)相互转化。该类转化也可以在使用后发生,例如在处理植物时,在处理的植物中或在待防治的有害真菌中发生。
在对上式中所给各符号的定义中,使用通常为下列取代基的代表的集合性术语:
卤素:氟、氯、溴和碘;
烷基:具有1-4或5-12个碳原子的饱和直链或单支化或二支化烃基,例如C1-C6烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、正戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、己基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基和1-乙基-2-甲基丙基;
卤代甲基:其中部分或所有氢原子可以被上述卤原子置换的甲基;尤其是氯甲基、溴甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯氟甲基、二氯一氟甲基、一氯二氟甲基;
环烷基:具有3-6个碳环成员的单环或双环饱和烃基,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基;
烷氧基烷基:被氧原子间隔的饱和直链或单支化、二支化或三支化烃链,例如C5-C12烷氧基烷基:具有5-12个碳原子且可以被氧原子在任意位置间隔的上述烃链,例如丙氧基乙基、丁氧基乙基、戊氧基乙基、己氧基乙基、庚氧基乙基、辛氧基乙基、壬氧基乙基、3-(3-乙基己氧基)乙基、3-(2,4,4-三甲基戊氧基)乙基、3-(1-乙基-3-甲基丁氧基)乙基、乙氧基丙基、丙氧基丙基、丁氧基丙基、戊氧基丙基、己氧基丙基、庚氧基丙基、辛氧基丙基、壬氧基丙基、3-(3-乙基己氧基)丙基、3-(2,4,4-三甲基戊氧基)丙基、3-(1-乙基-3-甲基丁氧基)丙基、乙氧基丁基、丙氧基丁基、丁氧基丁基、戊氧基丁基、己氧基丁基、庚氧基丁基、辛氧基丁基、壬氧基丁基、3-(3-乙基己氧基)丁基、3-(2,4,4-三甲基戊氧基)丁基、3-(1-乙基-3-甲基丁氧基)丁基、甲氧基戊基、乙氧基戊基、丙氧基戊基、丁氧基戊基、戊氧基戊基、己氧基戊基、庚氧基戊基、3-(3-甲基己氧基)戊基、3-(2,4-二甲基戊氧基)戊基、3-(1-乙基-3-甲基丁氧基)戊基。
本发明范围包括具有手性中心的式I化合物的(R)和(S)异构体以及外消旋体。
对于式I的唑并嘧啶的意欲用途而言,特别优选取代基的下列定义,在每种情况下单独或组合:
优选其中基团R1具有至多12个碳原子的化合物I。
式I的R1中的烷基优选为直链或单支化、二支化、三支化或更多重支化的烷基,尤其是直链烷基。
式I的R1中的烷氧基烷基优选为C3-C12烷氧基乙基,或尤其是C2-C11烷氧基丙基。
此外,还优选在R1中的α-碳原子处支化的式I化合物。它们由式Ia描述:
其中R11为C3-C10烷基或C5-C10烷氧基烷基且R12为C1-C4烷基,尤其是甲基,其中R11和R12一起具有至多12个碳原子且未被取代或可以象式I中的R1一样被取代。
若R1为被氰基取代的烷基,则氰基优选位于末端碳原子上。
优选其中R1为不带任何其他取代基的直链或单-、二-、三-或更多重支化C5-C12烷基的化合物I。
在本发明化合物I的一个实施方案中,R1为C5-C12烷基或C1-C11烷氧基-C1-C11烷基,其中碳原子总数优选为5-12。这里特别优选C2-C9烷氧基丙基。
特别优选其中R1为正戊基、 1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、正己基,1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基或1-乙基-2-甲基丙基的化合物I。
此外还优选其中R1为正庚基、1-甲基己基、正辛基、1-甲基庚基、正壬基、1-甲基辛基、3,5,5-三甲基己基、正癸基、1-甲基壬基、正十一烷基、1-甲基癸基、正十二烷基和1-甲基十一烷基的式I化合物。
在本发明化合物I的一个优选实施方案中,R2为乙基。
在本发明化合物I的另一优选实施方案中,R3为甲基。
在本发明化合物I的另一实施方案中,R3为氢。
本发明化合物的一个实施方案涉及其中A为CH的化合物I。这些化合物对应于式I.1:
本发明化合物的另一实施方案涉及其中A为N的化合物I。这些化合物对应于式I.2:
尤其考虑到它们的用途,优选汇编在下表中的化合物I。此外,对表中取代基所提到的基团本身为所述取代基的特别优选实施方案,而与其中提到它们的组合无关。
表1
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为乙基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表2
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为异丙基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表3
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为1-甲基丙基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表4
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为乙烯基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表5
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为烯丙基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表6
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为环丙基且R3为氢的式I.1化合物
表7
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为乙基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表8
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为异丙基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表9
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为1-甲基丙基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表10
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为乙烯基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表11
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为烯丙基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表12
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行,R2为环丙基且R3为甲基的式I.1化合物
表13
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为乙基的式I.2化合物
表14
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为异丙基的式I.2化合物
表15
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为1-甲基丙基的式I.2化合物
表16
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为乙烯基的式I.2化合物
表17
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为烯丙基的式I.2化合物
表18
其中R1对每一化合物而言对应于表A的一行且R2为环丙基的式I.2化合物
表A
序号 | R1 |
A-1 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-2 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-3 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-4 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-5 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-6 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-7 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2 |
序号 | R1 |
A-8 | CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-9 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-10 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-11 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-12 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-13 | CH2CH2CH(CH2)2CH2 |
A-14 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-15 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-16 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-17 | CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-18 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-19 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-20 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-21 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-22 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-23 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-24 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-25 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-26 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-27 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-28 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-29 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-30 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-31 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-32 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-33 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-34 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-35 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-36 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-37 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-38 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-39 | CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-40 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-41 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-42 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH3 |
A-43 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-44 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-45 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
序号 | R1 |
A-46 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-47 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-48 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-49 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-50 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-51 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-52 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-53 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-54 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-55 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-56 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-57 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-58 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-59 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-60 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-61 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-62 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)3 |
A-63 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-64 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-65 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-66 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-67 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-68 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-69 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 |
A-70 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-71 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-72 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-73 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-74 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-75 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-76 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-77 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-78 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-79 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-80 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-81 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)CH3 |
A-82 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH3 |
A-83 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
序号 | R1 |
A-84 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-85 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-86 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-87 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-88 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-89 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-90 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-91 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-92 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-93 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-94 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-95 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-96 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-97 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-98 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-99 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-100 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-101 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-102 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-103 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-104 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-105 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-106 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-107 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-108 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-109 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-110 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2 |
A-111 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-112 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-113 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-114 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-115 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-116 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-117 | CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-118 | CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-119 | CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-120 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-121 | CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
序号 | R1 |
A-122 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-123 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-124 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-125 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-126 | CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-127 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-128 | CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-129 | CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 |
A-130 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-131 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH3 |
A-132 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH3 |
A-133 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3 |
A-134 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-135 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-136 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-137 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-138 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-139 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-140 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)2 |
A-141 | CH2CH2CH2-O-C(CH3)3 |
A-142 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-143 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-144 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH2CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-145 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-146 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-147 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-148 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-149 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-150 | CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-151 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH3 |
A-152 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH3 |
A-153 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3 |
A-154 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-155 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-156 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-157 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-158 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-159 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)2 |
序号 | R1 |
A-160 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-C(CH3)3 |
A-161 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-162 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-163 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH2CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-164 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-165 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-166 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-167 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-168 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-169 | CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-170 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH3 |
A-171 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH3 |
A-172 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3 |
A-173 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-174 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-175 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-176 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-177 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 |
A-178 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)2 |
A-179 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-C(CH3)3 |
A-180 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-181 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-182 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH(CH2CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
A-183 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-184 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH2CH3 |
A-185 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-186 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2 |
A-187 | CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 |
化合物I适于作为杀真菌剂。它们对宽范围的植物病原性真菌具有显著的效力,所述真菌尤其选自子囊菌纲(Ascomycetes)、半知菌纲(Deuteromycetes)、卵菌纲(Oomycetes)和担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes)真菌,尤其是卵菌纲真菌。它们中的一些内吸有效并可以作为叶面杀真菌剂和土壤杀真菌剂用于植物保护中。
它们对在各种栽培植物如小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、稻、玉米、禾草、香蕉、棉花、大豆、咖啡、甘蔗、葡萄藤、水果和观赏植物以及蔬菜如黄瓜、豆类、西红柿、土豆和葫芦科植物以及这些植物的种子中防治大量真菌尤其重要。
它们尤其适于防治下列植物病害:
-蔬菜、油菜籽、糖用甜菜、水果和稻上的链格孢(Alternaria)属(例如土豆和其他植物上的早疫链格孢(A.solani)或细交链孢(A.alternata)),
-糖用甜菜和蔬菜上的丝囊霉(Aphanomyces)属,
-玉米、禾谷类、稻和草坪中的平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris)属和内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属(例如大麦上的大麦网斑内脐蠕孢(D.teres),小麦上的D.tritci-repentis),
-禾谷类中的禾白粉菌(Blumeria graminis)(白粉病),
-草莓、蔬菜、花卉和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)(灰霉病),
-莴苣上的莴苣盘梗霉(Bremia lactucae),
-玉米、大豆、稻和糖用甜菜上的尾孢(Cercospora)属(例如糖用甜菜上的C.beticula),
-玉米、禾谷类、稻上的旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus)属(例如禾谷类上的禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus),稻上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolusmiyabeanus)),
-大豆、棉花和其他植物上的剌盘孢(Colletotricum)属(例如各种植物上的C.acutatum),
-玉米上的突脐蠕孢(Exserohilum)属,
-葫芦科植物上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和单丝壳白粉菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea),
-各种植物上的镰孢霉(Fusarium)属(例如小麦上的禾谷镰刀菌(F.graminearum))和轮枝孢(Verticillium)属(例如大丽轮枝菌(V.dahliae)),
-禾谷类上的禾顶囊壳(Gaeumanomyces graminis)属,
-禾谷类和稻上的赤霉(Gibberella)属(例如稻上的藤仓赤霉(Gibberellafujikuroi)),
-稻上的Grainstaining complex,
-玉米和稻上的长蠕孢(Helminthosporium)属(例如H.graminicola),
-禾谷类上的Michrodochium nivale,
-禾谷类、香蕉和花生上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属(小麦上的禾生球腔菌(M.graminicola),香蕉上的M.fijiesis),
-大豆上的豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi)和山马蟥层锈菌(Phakopsara meibomiae),
-大豆、向日葵和葡萄藤上的拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)属(葡萄藤上的葡萄拟茎点霉(P.viticola),向日葵上的P.helianthii),
-土豆和西红柿上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans),
-葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),
-苹果上的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha),
-禾谷类上的小麦基腐病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides),
-啤酒花和葫芦科植物上的假霜霉(Pseudoperonospora)属(例如黄瓜上的P.cubenis),
-禾谷类、玉米和芦笋上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属(小麦上的小麦锈病(P.triticina)和条锈病(P.striformis),芦笋上的芦笋锈病(P.asparagi)),
-禾谷类上的核腔菌(Pyrenophora)属,
-稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)、笹木伏革菌(Corticium sasakii)、帚梗柱孢属(Sarocladium oryzae)、稻叶鞘腐败病(S.attenuatum)、稻叶黑粉菌(Entyloma oryzae),
-草坪和禾谷类上的稻梨孢菌(Pyricularia grisea),
-草坪、稻、玉米、棉花、油菜籽、向日葵、糖用甜菜、蔬菜和其他植物上的腐霉(Pythium)属,
-棉花、稻、土豆、草坪、玉米、油菜籽、糖用甜菜、蔬菜和其他植物上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属(例如立枯丝核病菌(R.solani)),
-油菜籽、向日葵和其他植物上的核盘菌(Sclerotinia)属(例如核盘菌(S.sclerotiorum)),
-小麦上的小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici)和颖枯壳多孢(Stagonosporanodorum),
-葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Erysiphe(同义词Uncinula necator),
-玉米和草坪上的Setospaeria属,
-玉米上的丝轴黑粉菌(Sphacelotheca reilinia),
-大豆和棉花上的根串珠霉(Thievaliopsis)属,
-禾谷类上的腥黑粉菌(Tilletia)属,
-禾谷类、玉米和糖用甜菜上的黑粉菌(Ustilago)属,以及
-苹果和梨上的黑星菌(Venturia)属(黑星病)(例如苹果上的苹果黑星病(V.inaequalis))。
它们特别适于防治选自卵菌纲,如霜霉(Peronospora)属、疫霉(Phytophthora)属、葡萄生单轴霉和假霜霉属的有害真菌。
此外,化合物I还适于防治有害真菌以保护材料(如木材、纸张、漆分散体、纤维或织物)和保护储藏的产品。在木材保护中,特别应注意下列有害真菌:子囊菌纲真菌,如线嘴壳属(Ophiostoma spp.),长喙壳属(Ceratocystis spp.),出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium pullulans),Sclerophomaspp.,毛壳属(Chaetomium spp.),腐质霉属(Humicola spp.),彼得壳属(Petriella spp.),毛束霉属(Trichurus spp.);担子菌纲真菌,如粉孢革菌属(Coniophora spp.),革盖菌属(Coriolus spp.),粘褶菌属(Gloeophyllumspp.),香菇属(Lentinus spp.),侧耳属(Pleurotus spp.),卧孔菌属(Poriaspp.),干朽菌属(Serpula spp.)和干酪菌属(Tyromyces spp.),半知菌纲真菌,如曲霉属(Aspergillus spp.),枝孢属(Cladosporium spp.),青霉属(Penicillium spp.),木霉属(Trichoderma spp.),链格孢属(Alternaria spp.),拟青霉属(Paecilomyces spp.)和接合菌纲(Zygomycetes)真菌,如毛霉属(Mucor spp.),在材料保护中额外应注意下列酵母:假丝酵母属(Candidaspp.)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisae)。
化合物I可以通过用杀真菌有效量的活性化合物处理真菌或需要防止真菌侵袭的植物、种子、材料或土壤而使用。施用可以在材料、植物或种子被真菌侵染之前和之后进行。
杀真菌组合物通常包含0.1-95重量%,优选0.5-90重量%的活性化合物。
当用于植物保护时,施用量取决于所需效果的种类为0.01-2.0kg活性化合物/公顷。
在种子处理中,每100kg种子通常要求的活性化合物量为1-1000g,优选5-100g。
当用于保护材料或储藏产品时,活性化合物的施用量取决于施用区域的类型和所需效果。在保护材料中通常施用的量例如每m3处理材料为0.001g-2kg,优选0.005g-1kg活性化合物。
式I化合物可以各种生物活性可能不同的晶型存在。它们也构成本发明主题的一部分。
可以将化合物I转化成常规配制剂,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊和颗粒。施用形式取决于特定的目的;在每种情况下都应确保本发明化合物精细和均匀地分布。
配制剂以已知方式制备,例如通过将活性化合物与溶剂和/或载体混合而制备,若需要的话使用乳化剂和分散剂。合适的溶剂/助剂主要为:-水、芳族溶剂(如Solvesso产品、二甲苯)、石蜡(如矿物油馏分)、醇类(如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇、苄醇)、酮类(如环己酮、γ-丁内酯)、吡咯烷酮(NMP、NOP)、乙酸酯(乙二醇二乙酸酯)、二元醇、脂肪酸二甲基酰胺、脂肪酸及脂肪酸酯。原则上还可以使用溶剂混合物。
-载体如磨碎的天然矿物(如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩)和磨碎的合成矿物(如高度分散的硅石、硅酸盐);乳化剂如非离子和阴离子乳化剂(如聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、烷基磺酸盐和芳基磺酸盐)以及分散剂如木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
合适的表面活性剂为木素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,烷基磺酸盐,脂肪醇硫酸盐,脂肪酸和硫酸化脂肪醇乙二醇醚,还有磺化萘与甲醛的缩合物和萘衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚,乙氧基化异辛基酚、辛基酚、壬基酚,烷基酚聚乙二醇醚,三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,三硬脂基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,醇和脂肪醇/氧化乙烯缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚,乙氧基化聚氧丙烯,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚缩醛,山梨醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。
适于制备可直接喷雾溶液、乳液、糊或油分散体的物质为中至高沸点的矿物油馏分如煤油或柴油,还有煤焦油和植物或动物来源的油,脂族、环状和芳族烃如甲苯、二甲苯、石蜡、四氢化萘、烷基化萘或其衍生物,甲醇,乙醇,丙醇,丁醇,环己醇,环己酮,异佛尔酮,强极性溶剂如二甲亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和水。
粉末、撒播用材料和可撒粉产品可以通过将活性物质与固体载体混合或一起研磨来制备。
颗粒如涂敷颗粒、浸渍颗粒和均质颗粒可以通过使活性化合物与固体载体物质粘附而制备。固体载体物质的实例为矿土如硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、活性粘土(attaclay)、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁,磨碎的合成材料,肥料如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素以及植物来源的产品如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉,纤维素粉和其它固体载体。
配制剂通常包含0.01-95重量%,优选0.1-90重量%的活性化合物。活性化合物以90-100%,优选95-100%的纯度(根据NMR谱)使用。
下列为配制剂实例:
1.用水稀释的产品
A)水溶性浓缩物(SL、LS)
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份水或水溶性溶剂中。或者,加入湿润剂或其它助剂。活性化合物经水稀释溶解。以此方式得到活性化合物含量为10重量%的配制剂。
B)分散性浓缩物(DC)
将20重量份活性化合物溶于70重量份环己酮中并加入10重量份分散剂如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。用水稀释得到分散体。活性化合物含量为20重量%。
C)乳油(EC)
将15重量份活性化合物溶于75重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为15重量%。
D)乳液(EW、EO、ES)
将25重量份活性化合物溶于35重量份二甲苯中并加入十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物(在每种情况下为5重量份)。借助乳化机(例如UltraTurrax)将该混合物加入30重量份水中并制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为25重量%。E)悬浮液(SC、OD、FS)
在搅拌的球磨机中,将20重量份活性化合物粉碎并加入10重量份分散剂和湿润剂以及70重量份水或有机溶剂,得到细碎活性化合物悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物悬浮液。该配制剂中的活性化合物含量为20重量%。
F)水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒(WG、SG)
将50重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并加入50重量份分散剂和湿润剂,借助工业装置(如挤出机、喷雾塔、流化床)将其制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为50重量%。
G)水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP、SP、SS、WS)
将75重量份活性化合物在转子-定子磨机中研磨并加入25重量份分散剂、湿润剂和硅胶。用水稀释得到稳定的活性化合物分散体或溶液。该配制剂的活性化合物含量为75重量%。
H)凝胶配制剂
在球磨机中将20重量份活性化合物、10重量份分散剂、1重量份胶凝剂和70重量份水或有机溶剂研磨得到微细悬浮液。用水稀释得到活性化合物含量为20重量%的稳定悬浮液。
2.直接施用的产品
I)粉剂(DP、DS)
将5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并与95重量份细碎高岭土充分混合。这得到活性化合物含量为5重量%的可撒粉产品。
J)颗粒(GR、FG、GG、MG)
将0.5重量份活性化合物细碎研磨并结合99.5重量份载体。现行方法是挤出、喷雾干燥或流化床方法。这得到不经稀释而施用的活性化合物含量为0.5重量%的颗粒。
K)ULV溶液(UL)
将10重量份活性化合物溶于90重量份有机溶剂如二甲苯中。这得到不经稀释而施用的活性化合物含量为10重量%的产品。
种子处理通常利用水溶性浓缩物(LS)、悬浮液(FS)、粉剂(DS)、水分散性和水溶性粉末(WS、SS)、乳液(ES)、乳油(EC)和凝胶配制剂(GF)。这些配制剂可以未经稀释或优选稀释后施用于种子上。施用可以在播种前进行。
活性化合物可以直接、以其配制剂形式或由其制备的使用形式(如可直接喷雾溶液、粉末、悬浮液或分散体、乳液、油分散体、糊、可撒粉产品、撒播用材料或颗粒),借助喷雾、雾化、撒粉、撒播或浇灌来使用。使用形式完全取决于意欲的目的;它们应在每种情况下确保本发明活性化合物的最佳可能分布。
含水使用形式可通过加入水由乳液浓缩物、糊或可湿性粉末(可喷雾粉末、油分散体)制备。为制备乳液、糊或油分散体,可借助湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂将该物质直接或溶于油或溶剂中后在水中均化。或者还可以制备由活性物质、湿润剂、增粘剂、分散剂或乳化剂以及合适的话溶剂或油组成的浓缩物且该浓缩物适于用水稀释。
活性化合物在即用制剂中的浓度可以在较宽范围内变化。它们通常为0.0001-10%,优选0.01-1%。
活性化合物还可成功地以超低容量法(ULV)使用,其中可以施用包含超过95重量%活性化合物的配制剂或甚至可以在没有添加剂的情况下施用活性化合物。
可以将各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、除草剂、杀真菌剂、其它杀虫剂或杀菌剂,合适的话恰在紧临使用之前(桶混合)加入活性化合物中。这些试剂可以1∶100-100∶1,优选1∶10-10∶1的重量比与本发明试剂混合。
就此而言合适的辅助剂尤其为有机改性的聚硅氧烷,例如Break ThruS240;醇烷氧基化物,例如Atplus 245、Atplus MBA 1303、PlurafacLF 300和Lutensol ON 30;EO/PO嵌段聚合物,例如Pluronic RPE 2035和Genapol B;醇乙氧基化物,例如Lutensol XP 80;以及磺基琥珀酸二辛酯钠,例如Leophen RA。
本发明组合物还可以杀真菌剂的使用形式与其它活性化合物一起存在,例如与除草剂、杀虫剂、生长调节剂、杀真菌剂或肥料一起存在。将化合物I或包含它们的组合物与一种或多种其它活性化合物,尤其是杀真菌剂混合时,在许多情况下例如可以拓宽活性谱或防止产生抗药性。在许多情况下得到协同增效效果。
本发明化合物可以与其结合使用的下列杀真菌剂用来说明可能的组合但不限制它们:
嗜球果伞素类(Strobilurins)
-腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、(2-氯-5-[1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基甲氧基亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯、2-(邻-((2,5-二甲基苯氧基亚甲基)苯基)-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯;
羧酰胺类
-羧酰苯胺类:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、N-(4’-溴联苯-2-基)-4--二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(4’-三氟甲基联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(4’-氯-3’-氟联苯-2-基)-4-二氟甲基-2-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰胺、N-(3’,4’-二氯-4-氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-氰基苯基)-3,4-二氯异噻唑-5-甲酰胺;
-羧酸吗啉化物:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph);
-苯甲酰胺类:氟联苯菌(flumetover)、fluopicolide(氟吡菌胺(picobenzamid))、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);
-其他羧酰胺:氯环丙酰胺(carpropamid)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-甲烷磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺、N-(2-(4-[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔氧基]-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基)-2-乙烷磺酰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰胺;
唑类
-三唑类:双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯菌灵(enilconazole)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole);
-咪唑类:氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、烯菌灵(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole);
-苯并咪唑类:苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole);
-其他:噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、土菌消(hymexazole);含氮杂环基化合物
-吡啶类:氟啶胺(fluazinam)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶;
-嘧啶类:磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);
-哌嗪类:嗪氨灵(triforine);
-吡咯类:氟菌(fludioxonil)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil);
-吗啉类:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph);
-二羧酰亚胺类:异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin);
-其他:噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、敌菌灵(anilazine)、克菌丹(captan)、敌菌丹(captafol)、棉隆(dazomet)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、灭菌丹(folpet)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N,N-二甲基-3-(3-溴-6-氟-2-甲基吲哚-1-磺酰基)-[1,2,4]三唑-1-磺酰胺;氨基甲酸盐和二硫代氨基甲酸盐
-二硫代氨基甲酸盐类:福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、代森联(metiram)、威百亩(metam)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);
-氨基甲酸盐类:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、flubenthiavalicarb、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、百维灵(propamocarb)、3-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2-异丙氧羰基氨基-3-甲基丁酰氨基)丙酸甲酯、N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙烷磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
其他杀真菌剂
-胍类:多果定(dodine)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍盐(guazatine);
-抗生素类:春雷素(kasugamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxins)、链霉素(streptomycin)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);
-有机金属化合物类:三苯锡基盐;
-含硫的杂环基化合物:稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、二噻农(dithianon);
-有机磷化合物:克瘟散(edifenphos)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙膦铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、亚磷酸及其盐;
-有机氯化合物: 甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene);
-硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨普(dinocap)、敌螨通(dinobuton);
-无机活性化合物:波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜、碱式硫酸铜、硫;
-其他:螺茂胺(spiroxamine)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)。
合成实施例
适当改变原料,使用下列合成实施例中所述程序来制备其他化合物I。如此得到的化合物与物理数据一起列于下表中。
实施例1:5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3,5,5-三甲基己基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺[I-1]的制备
实施例1a:5,7,7-三甲基-2-丙酰基辛-2-烯酸甲酯
在约0℃下将13.0g 3-氧代戊酸甲酯滴加到14.2g 3,5,5-三甲基己醛和5滴哌啶在100ml乙醇中的溶液中并将该混合物搅拌2小时。然后蒸除溶剂,残余物(25g浅黄色油)不经进一步提纯而用于下一步中。
实施例1b:5,7,7-三甲基-2-丙酰基辛酸甲酯
在70℃和10巴的氢气压力下,使用0.3g 10%碳载钯将25.0g实施例1a的反应产物溶液在150ml乙醇中氢化10小时。然后将催化剂滤出并用乙醇洗涤,除去洗脱液中的溶剂。以浅黄色油状物得到24.7g标题化合物。1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ=0.9(s,9H);0.9(d,3H);1.1(t,3H);1.0-1.3(m,4H);1.5(m,br.,1H);1.8-1.9(m,2H);2.45-2.6(m,2H);3.4(t,1H);3.7(s,3H)。
实施例1c:5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3,5,5-三甲基己基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-醇
将3.6g来自实施例1b的酮酸酯、1.0g 3-氨基-5-甲基-4H-1,2,4-三唑和0.38g对甲苯磺酸在1,3,5-三甲基苯中的溶液在170℃下搅拌3.5小时,其间蒸除一些溶剂。然后减压蒸除剩余的1,3,5-三甲基苯,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷中,用饱和NaHCO3溶液、水和饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,并除去溶剂。得到0.98g熔点为183-185℃的标题化合物。
实施例1d:7-氯-5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3,5,5-三甲基己基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]
嘧啶
将0.98g实施例1c的羟基三唑并嘧啶在10ml磷酰氯中的溶液在回流下加热3.5小时。然后蒸除过量磷酰氯,将残余物溶于二氯甲烷并搅拌到水中。相分离之后,将有机相用饱和NaHCO3溶液、水和饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,然后干燥,并除去溶剂。得到0.95g黄色油状标题化合物。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ=0.9(s,9H);1.1(d,3H);1.2(dd,1H);1.3(dd,1H);1.4(t,3H);1.35-1.45(m,1H);1.5-1.6(m,1H);1.7(m,br.,1H);2.6(s,3H);2.7-2.9(m,2H);3.0(q,2H)。
实施例1e:5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3,5,5-三甲基己基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺
在130℃下将1.0g实施例1d的三唑并嘧啶溶液在高压釜中于50ml1,4-二烷和1.5ml(液)氨中在自生压力下搅拌48小时。排空之后,将溶剂从反应混合物中除去并将残余物溶于水/乙酸乙酯混合物。相分离之后,将水相用乙酸乙酯萃取。合并的有机相用水和饱和NaCl溶液洗涤,然后干燥,并除去溶剂。残余物用甲基叔丁基醚(MtBE)浸煮。结晶出0.46g熔点为180-181℃的标题化合物。
表I-式I化合物
序号 | R1 | R2 | A | R3 | 物理数据(熔点[℃]) |
I-1 | (CH2)2CH(CH3)CH2C(CH3)3 | CH2CH3 | N | CH3 | 180-181 |
I-2 | (CH2)7CH3 | CH2CH3 | N | CH3 | 184-185 |
I-3 | (CH2)7CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 149-150 |
I-4 | (CH2)9CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 130-131 |
I-5 | (CH2)3-O-(CH2)8CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 93-95 |
I-6 | (CH2)3-O-(CH2)3CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 131-133 |
I-7 | (CH2)5CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 154-156 |
I-8 | (CH2)3-O-CH2C(CH3)3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 124-126 |
I-9 | CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 173-174 |
序号 | R1 | R2 | A | R3 | 物理数据(熔点[℃]) |
I-10 | CH2CH(C2H5)(CH2)3CH3 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 139-140 |
I-11 | CH2CH(C2H5)2 | CH2CH3 | CH | CH3 | 146-147 |
I-12 | (CH2)7CH3 | CH2CH3 | N | CH3 | 184-185 |
I-13 | (CH2)5CH3 | CH2CH3 | N | CH3 | 187-188 |
I-14 | (CH2)8CH3 | CH2CH3 | N | CH3 | 151-152 |
对有害真菌的作用实施例
式I化合物的杀真菌活性由下列试验证实:
使用溶剂/乳化剂体积比为99/1的丙酮和/或DMSO与乳化剂UniperolEL(基于乙氧基化烷基酚的具有乳化和分散作用的润湿剂)的混合物将活性化合物制备成包含25mg活性化合物并配成10ml的储备溶液。然后将该混合物用水配成100ml。将该储备溶液用所述溶剂/乳化剂/水混合物稀释至下述活性化合物浓度。
应用实施例1-对由葡萄生单轴霉引起的葡萄藤霜霉病的活性
将盆栽葡萄藤的叶子用包含250ppm活性化合物的含水悬浮液喷雾至滴流点。第二天在叶子背侧接种葡萄生单轴霉的含水孢子囊悬浮液。然后将葡萄藤首先置于24℃的水蒸气饱和室中48小时,然后置于温度为20-30℃的温室中5天。这段时间之后,再次将植物置于潮湿室中16小时以加速孢囊柄长出。然后肉眼测定叶子背侧上的侵染发展程度。
在该试验中,用250ppm活性化合物I-1、I-3至I-5、I-9、I-10或I-11处理的植物没有显示出侵染或显示出至多5%的侵染,而未处理植物100%被侵染。
与最接近的现有技术相比得到下列结果:
应用实施例2-对由致病疫霉引起的西红柿晚疫病的活性,3天保护性处理
将盆栽西红柿植物的叶子用活性成分浓度如下所述的含水悬浮液喷雾至滴流点。3天后将叶子用致病疫霉的含水孢子囊悬浮液侵染。然后将植物置于温度为18-20℃的水蒸气饱和室中。6天后未处理但侵染的对照植物上的晚疫病发展到可以肉眼测定侵染百分数的程度。
在该试验中,用250ppm活性化合物I-2处理的植物显示出3%的侵染,而未处理植物90%被侵染。
Claims (13)
2.根据权利要求1的式I化合物,其中R2为CH2CH3、CH=CH2或CH2CH=CH2。
3.根据权利要求1或2的式I化合物,其中R3为甲基。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项的式I化合物,其中R1为具有至多12个碳原子的未取代直链或单-、二-或三支化烷基链。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的式I化合物,其中R2为乙基。
6.根据权利要求1的式I化合物,为:5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3,5,5-三甲基己基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-辛基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-6-辛基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;6-癸基-5-乙基-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(3-壬氧基丙基)吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;6-(3-丁氧基丙基)-5-乙基-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-6-己基-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;6-[3-(2,2-二甲基丙氧基)丙基]-5-乙基-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-(2-甲基戊基)吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-6-(2-乙基庚基)-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-6-(2-乙基丁基)-2-甲基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-辛基[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-戊基[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺;5-乙基-2-甲基-6-壬基[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-基胺。
8.根据权利要求7的式IV和V化合物。
10.一种组合物,包含固体或液体载体和根据权利要求1-6中任一项的式I化合物。
11.根据权利要求10的组合物,包含其他活性化合物。
12.种子,以1-1000g/100kg的量包含根据权利要求1-8中任一项的式I化合物。
13.一种防治植物病原性有害真菌的方法,其中用有效量的根据权利要求1-8中任一项的式I化合物处理真菌或需要防止真菌侵袭的材料、植物、土壤或种子。
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WO2006092411A1 (de) | 2006-09-08 |
BRPI0607498A2 (pt) | 2016-11-01 |
TW200640927A (en) | 2006-12-01 |
EP1856118A1 (de) | 2007-11-21 |
JP2008532944A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
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