CN101119936B - 流体处理方法和设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种用于处理管道中的流体的设备，包括适于在沿着管道相隔的位置上安装于管道以便包围管道、由导磁材料构成的第一和第二芯元件；以及用于在所述芯元件中建立射频磁通的装置，以便在待处理的流体中建立各自的电磁场，所述电磁场从沿着管道相隔的位置上延伸。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于处理管道中的流体(特别是含水流体)以便杀死其中的细菌和使悬浮固体物质絮凝的方法和设备。
背景技术
在供水系统、加热系统等等中通常使用化学处理来杀死细菌和/或使悬浮固体物质絮凝。例如，可将氯气引入水中并溶解于其中以便杀死细菌，溶解的氯的浓度被监控并保持在杀死细菌的水平。臭氧也用于这种用途，臭氧被引入流动的液体并随后当它已执行其功能时被除去。另外还已知，可通过利用紫外光照射来处理水，并且已经提出高频电磁场可用于这种用途。絮凝基本上通过化学处理实现。
发明内容
概括地，本发明的目的是提供用于杀菌和絮凝用途的改进的流体处理。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了用于处理包含在管道中的流体的设备，该设备包括适于在沿着管道相隔的位置上安装于管道上以便包围管道、由导磁材料构成的第一和第二芯元件；以及用于在所述芯元件中建立射频磁通的装置，以便在待处理的流体中建立各自的电磁场，所述电磁场从沿着管道相隔的位置延伸。
用于在芯元件中建立射频磁通的装置可包括各自的线圈，芯元件穿过各自的线圈，这些线圈由射频电信号激励。
电信号可为方波形式或正弦波，或者可使用其它的波形。
芯元件可为铁氧体材料，并且可从闭环构型打开以便使得它们能够被从侧面应用于管道，例如管(即不必从管道的一端置于管道上)。
应用于芯元件的信号的频率可彼此相同或彼此不同。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种处理在管道中流动的流体的方法，包括：提供沿管道的纵向彼此相隔的、包围着管道的、由导磁材料构成的芯元件，以及在所述芯元件中建立射频磁通，由此在管道中的流体中建立射频电场，所述射频电场在沿着管道相隔的位置产生。
按这种方式对管道中的流体的处理有效地杀死管道中的细菌并且使包括藻类在内的悬浮在流体中的颗粒絮凝。
这种方法可进一步包括在利用电场处理之后过滤流体，以便除去这种絮凝的悬浮颗粒。
现在将参考附图通过实例来对本发明进行描述，其中：
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的设备的示意图，其应用于管道例如输水管。
图2示意性地示出了如图1中所示的本发明的操作方式。
图3为应用本发明的冷水系统的部分的示意图。
图4为应用本发明的热水系统的部分的示意图。
具体实施方式
首先参考图1，图1示出了呈用于运输水的管10形式的管道。它可为塑料管或铜管。总体上由11、12表示的第一和第二芯元件包围着管道并沿着管道彼此相隔，第一和第二芯元件11、12彼此相同或者基本上相同，因此将只详细描述一个。芯元件11由导磁材料制造(优选适当的铁氧体材料)，并包括多个包含在各自的外壳部分内的由这种材料构成的单个元件，那些元件在附图中可见，表示为13、14、15、16和17，在元件的插入端部处由穿过其中的紧固件彼此连接，紧固件表示为18、19、20。芯元件由最后的元件21完成，该最后的元件21通过各自的另外的紧固件22、23连接到元件15、16。紧固件22和/或紧固件23可为可脱开的，例如为可拆式螺钉，以便使得芯元件能够从其闭环构型打开，从而使得其能够侧向置于管道21上(即不必通过从管道的一端滑动而置于其上)。
导电体的初级线圈设置在与芯元件21相联的壳体24中，该线圈包围着芯元件。它通过导线25连接至包含在信号发生器单元26内的射频信号发生器。类似地，信号发生器单元26通过导线27连接至芯元件12的相对应的初级线圈。
由信号发生器26产生并应用于包围着管道10的磁芯元件11、12的初级线圈的电信号为射频信号，并且可为正弦波、方波或任意其它适当波形。它们可为连续递减信号，例如如本人的欧洲专利493559或720588中所公开。应用于两个芯元件的信号的频率可彼此相同或彼此不同，例如应用于相对于管道10中的水流动的正常方向处于下游的芯元件的信号的频率可低于上游的芯元件。
向磁芯元件应用如上所述的信号在管道中的水中建立了从芯元件发出的射频电场。图2示意性地示出了管道10及其周围的连接至信号发生器单元26的芯元件11、12。管道10中的水的流动方向由箭头50表示，如果芯元件11由例如方波或其它在零值平均电压周围正负交替的波形的信号激励，可看作在芯元件下游的水中产生多个区域，在这些区域内，水中的颗粒和细菌被交替地充正电和负电。如图2中的51所示，沿着管道10长度方向，每个这种区域的尺寸取决于管道中水流动的速度。例如，对于100kHz的信号频率和每秒10m的水流速度，每个这种区域沿管道长度方向的长将为0.05mm。因此，如52所示，芯元件11下游的颗粒和细菌将被充正电或负电，如52、53所示。当颗粒例如水中的细菌或其它悬浮颗粒已获得电荷时，邻近细菌的水分子将自身定向和定位成使得一层纯水包围细菌。结果是，细菌的细胞膜受到取决于细胞膜内外的溶质的不同浓度的渗透压力，该渗透压力最终将引起细胞膜破裂和细菌死亡。
当载有细菌的水在管道中流动时，由细菌遇到的由芯元件中的第一个建立的场引起的渗透效应可能不足以杀死细菌。在这种情况下，由下面的芯元件建立的场将引起带电荷的细菌剧烈运动，这将消灭细菌。
如上所述，管道中的水中的颗粒和细菌上的电荷还引起悬浮固体颗粒絮凝，并且带电荷的细菌也被俘获于絮凝物中。在第二芯元件12下游，絮凝的颗粒和细菌以54表示。这种絮凝的颗粒可通过过滤除去。
如上所述的水处理可在供水系统中进行，例如在冷水供应系统或热水供应系统中进行。关于热水供应系统，例如医院中的加热系统被设计成将水加热至60℃或以上以便保证破坏系统中的细菌。任何结垢沉积可能意味着到达较低温度因此并未有效地消除细菌。然而，在循环热水系统中与自动净化式过滤器一起安装如上所述的设备可从系统有效除去絮凝的颗粒和死的细菌。这种设备也有效减少或除去系统中的结垢形成。
现在参看附图的图3，它示出了应用本发明的冷水供应系统。它示出了干线冷水供应管30，通向分配环路31。环路31包括如上所述的第一设备32、另一个这种设备33、泵34和过滤器35。在环路31上的点36、37之间，存在多个用于向消费者输送冷水的出口38。
泵34使环路31中的水循环经过两个处理设备32、33，同时过滤器35截留絮凝的固体材料。过滤器可为自动净化式过滤器，其中蓄积的絮凝物质例如通过回冲和对清除的材料进行处理而定期除去。
现在参看附图的图4，它示出了本发明应用于热水系统的情况。该系统包括冷水供应管40，冷水供应管40中设置了如上所述的处理设备41。它输送冷水至两个彼此并联连接的加热器42、43以便加热水。热水供应环路44包括如上所述的第一和第二处理设备45、46、泵47和过滤器48，泵47使热水循环通过包括加热器42和43的环路44。环路的多个出口表示为49。
当在本说明书和权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”及其变型是指指定的特征、步骤或整数被包括在内。该术语不应被理解为排除其它特征、步骤或部件的存在。
前面的说明书或以下的权利要求书或附图中所公开的特征不管是用它们的特定形式或按照用于执行所公开功能的装置或用于实现所公开结果的方法或过程表示，视情况而定，都可分离地或以这些特征的任意组合使用以便以其各种不同形式实现本发明。
Claims (7)
1.一种供水系统，包括供应管和用于处理其中的水的处理设备(32，33，41，45，46)，该处理设备包括：适于在沿着所述管相隔的位置上安装而包围所述管、由导磁材料构成的第一芯元件和第二芯元件(11，12)；以及用于在所述第一芯元件和第二芯元件(11，12)中建立射频磁通的装置(24，29)，以便在水中产生各自的电磁场，所述电磁场从沿着所述管相隔的位置上延伸；其特征在于，所述供应管包括建立闭合环路(31，44)的管系和泵(34，47)，以便使水绕着所述环路循环，所述处理设备(32，33，45，46)设置于所述环路中；其中在第一芯元件和第二芯元件中建立的信号的频率彼此不同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的供水系统，其中所述环路包括用于除去絮凝物质的过滤器(35，48)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的供水系统，其中还包括所述环路中的两个或多个所述处理设备。
4.根据权利要求1或2的供水系统，其中用于在第一芯元件和第二芯元件中建立射频磁通的所述装置包括各自的线圈，第一芯元件和第二芯元件穿过各自的线圈，所述线圈由射频电信号激励。
5.根据权利要求4的供水系统，其中电信号为方波形式或正弦波形式。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的供水系统，其中第一芯元件和第二芯元件为铁氧体材料。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的供水系统，其中第一芯元件和第二芯元件可从闭环构型打开以便使得它们能够被从一管道侧面应用于该管道。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0427898.2 | 2004-12-21 | ||
| GB0427898A GB2421449B (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2004-12-21 | Fluid treatment method and apparatus |
| PCT/GB2005/004944 WO2006067418A1 (en) | 2004-12-21 | 2005-12-20 | Fluid treatment method and apparatus |
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| CN101119936A CN101119936A (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
| CN101119936B true CN101119936B (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
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| US (1) | US8029669B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1848666B1 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP5384829B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR101268031B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101119936B (zh) |
| AP (1) | AP2198A (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2005317945B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0519161B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2609132C (zh) |
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| EA (1) | EA012552B1 (zh) |
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| GB (1) | GB2421449B (zh) |
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| NZ (1) | NZ556634A (zh) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8043511B2 (en) * | 2003-02-23 | 2011-10-25 | Herbert William Holland | Method and apparatus for preventing scale deposits and removing contaminants from fluid columns |
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