CN101118200B - 测定内燃机的油耗的方法和装置 - Google Patents

测定内燃机的油耗的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN101118200B
CN101118200B CN2007101413444A CN200710141344A CN101118200B CN 101118200 B CN101118200 B CN 101118200B CN 2007101413444 A CN2007101413444 A CN 2007101413444A CN 200710141344 A CN200710141344 A CN 200710141344A CN 101118200 B CN101118200 B CN 101118200B
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J·韦德肖文
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FEV Europe GmbH
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F15/00Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
    • G01F15/02Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature
    • G01F15/022Compensating or correcting for variations in pressure, density or temperature using electrical means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6552With diversion of part of fluid to heat or cool the device or its contents

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
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  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了测定内燃机的油耗的方法及装置。根据本发明的测定内燃机(12),更具体地说是在测试台上运行的内燃机的油耗的方法,其中,燃油通过一回路供给内燃机并从内燃机流出,其中,一定量的燃油经过一支路(22)从油箱(23)输送到回路(11),并在该支路中进行测量,其中所述回路(11)内的燃油在内燃机(12)和支路(22)的入口处之间的回流管路中被再冷却,所述回流管路中的燃油被冷却到恒定的温度TR2,在所述支路(22)的连接处后面的所述回路(11)中的燃油被控制和设定为恒定的进油温度TA。

Description

测定内燃机的油耗的方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及测定内燃机油耗的方法和装置,更具体地说是在试验台上运行的内燃机的油耗的方法和装置,其包括:一供燃油进入内燃机的闭合回路,所述内燃机作为耗油装置结合在该回路中;一油箱和从油箱延伸到回路的一支路;以及在该支路中用于测量油耗的通流量测量装置。
背景技术
当前,精确的油耗测量对现代的内燃机试验台极其重要。而事实是,在燃油回路中的温度波动不利地影响油耗。这样的温度的波动主要是由于在非稳态下运行内燃机时内燃机温度的变化引起的;而在准稳态下运行通常是可以忽略其变化的。尽管在燃油回路的进流管路中设置了调节燃油温度的装置,更具体地说是加热器以及冷却器,但这样的温度的变化几乎是不能避免的。在油路系统总体积保持恒定的情况下,温度随时间的变化导致燃油密度发生改变,回路中燃油的体积也跟着发生改变。与内燃机实际消耗的油量相比,如果由于系统中的燃油体积增加引起温度暂时的升高,那么从油箱供给并在供应管路中的油耗测量点记录的油量将会减少;反之,如果温度降低并因而体积减小,那么通过油耗测量点供给的油量就会增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是内燃机在不稳定状态运行时也能确保改进内燃机的油耗测量。本发明提供的方法已实现了上述目的。根据该方法,燃油经过一回路供应到内燃机并从内燃机流出,其中,一定量的燃油从油箱经过一支路供应给所述回路,并在所述支路中进行测量,其特征在于:所述回路中的燃油在内燃机和支路到回路的入口处之间的回流管路中,回路中的燃油被再次冷却,所述回流管路中的燃油被冷却到恒定的温度TR2,在所述支路的连接处后面的所述回路中的燃油被控制和设定为恒定的进油温度TA。对受温度变化并因而受体积变化影响最大的内燃机和支路入口处之间的燃油回流管路中的那部分体积进行再次冷却,更具体地说是再冷却到恒定的温度,从而可以减少误差的次数。在第一近似值内,我们假定从油箱到内燃机的进流管路中以及在包含在内燃机内的少量燃油体积中与温度相关的那些体积变化都是很小而可忽略不计的。
本发明装置包括:燃油的闭合回路,该回路包括作为消耗装置的内燃机;油箱和从所述油箱延伸到所述回路的支路;以及在所述支路中用于测量油耗的通流量测量装置,其中:所述装置还包括燃油再冷却装器,该再冷却器设在所述内燃机和所述支路的入口处之间的所述回路的回流管路上,所述装置设有冷却剂控制装置,该装置把将燃油设定为在再冷却器处有恒定的出口温度TR2,在所述支路的入口处后面的所述回路中设有燃油冷却器和可选的燃油加热器。本发明装置的特征就在于燃油的再冷却装置,该再冷却装置设在内燃机和支路到回路的入口处之间的那部分回路的回流管路中。
这就明显的减少了误差的源头,即在内燃机负荷改变的情况下紧接在内燃机之后的回路中的燃油温度变化。
在内燃机到油箱的回流管路中使用一附加的冷却器,可进一步改进测量的精确度。
具体实施方式
本发明的装置的结构将在下文结合附图作详细的描述。在试验台运行的环境下,图中所示是内燃机12的燃油回路11,该燃油回路11形成一个闭合的环,一方面引导通过内燃机12,另一方面引导通过燃油温度调节单元13。此外,图示的回路包括:一进流支路14,一回流支路15,内燃机通道16,平行于通道的旁路17,以及在调节单元13内的调节部分18。就所涉及的细部而言,调节单元13包括一加热器19、一冷却器20和一循环泵21。通过循环泵21保持在循环中的油量,通过一端连接到油箱23而另一端连接到回路11的支路22,不断的补充在通道16中所消耗的油量。在支路22中设有一个油耗测量点24,该点记录了一表观的消耗量
Figure G2007101413444D00021
其对应于经过支路22实际供给回路11的油量。由于非稳定状态下的温度变化,更具体地说是在内燃机的负荷增加或减少的情况下内燃机通道16的区域中的温度变化,燃油的密度会发生改变;那么,与内燃机真实的油耗相比,如果内燃机通道16和回流支路15中的温度升高,回流的体积就会增加,因而就会错误的认为内燃机12的油耗降低;相反,如果内燃机通道16和回流支路15的温度降低,回流的体积就减少,因而认为油耗升高。为减少误差,回流支路15包括一再冷却装置26,其冷却剂回路设置一控制装置27,通过该控制装置,在非稳态运行的情况下发生很大的变化的再冷却器26入口处的温度TR1在再冷却器26的出口处被再冷却到恒定值TR2,从而可将产生误差的原因限制在内燃机通道16的区域和回流支路的小部分之中。
标号清单:
11    回路
12    内燃机
13    温度调节单元
14    进流管路
15    回流管路
16    内燃机通道
17    旁路
18    调节支路
19    加热器
20    冷却器
21    循环泵
22    支路
23    油箱
24    油耗测量点
25    -
26    再冷却器
27    控制装置

Claims (3)

1.一种测定在试验台上运行的内燃机(12)的油耗的方法,其中,燃油经过一回路供应到内燃机并从内燃机流出,其中,一定量的燃油从油箱(23)经过一支路(22)供应给所述回路(11),并在所述支路中进行测量,其特征在于:所述回路(11)中的燃油在所述内燃机(12)和所述支路(22)之间的回流管路中被再冷却,所述回流管路中的燃油被冷却到恒定的温度TR2,在所述支路(22)的连接处后面的所述回路(11)中的燃油被控制和设定为恒定的进油温度TA。
2.一种测定在试验台上运行的内燃机的油耗的装置,该装置包括:燃油的闭合回路(11),该回路(11)包括作为消耗装置的内燃机(12);油箱(23)和从所述油箱(23)延伸到所述回路(11)的支路(22);以及在所述支路(22)中用于测量油耗的通流量测量装置(24),其特征在于:
所述装置还包括燃油再冷却装器(26),该再冷却器(26)设在所述内燃机(12)和所述支路(22)的入口处之间的所述回路(11)的回流管路上,所述装置设有冷却剂控制装置(27),该装置将燃油设定为在再冷却器(26)处有恒定的出口温度TR2,在所述支路(22)的入口处后面的所述回路(11)中设有燃油冷却器(20)和燃油加热器(19)。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于:在所述内燃机和所述支路(22)的入口处之间的所述回路(11)中设有另一燃油冷却器。
CN2007101413444A 2006-08-03 2007-08-02 测定内燃机的油耗的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN101118200B (zh)

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CN117516977A (zh) * 2024-01-04 2024-02-06 宁波威孚天力增压技术股份有限公司 一种液冷式蜗壳冷却功率测试方法

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