CN101118061A - High-temperature thermal storage type combined oven arch embedded second rotational flow overfire air burning inferior fuel - Google Patents
High-temperature thermal storage type combined oven arch embedded second rotational flow overfire air burning inferior fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101118061A CN101118061A CNA2007100560342A CN200710056034A CN101118061A CN 101118061 A CN101118061 A CN 101118061A CN A2007100560342 A CNA2007100560342 A CN A2007100560342A CN 200710056034 A CN200710056034 A CN 200710056034A CN 101118061 A CN101118061 A CN 101118061A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a high-temperature heat accumulating type combined boiler arch with built-in rotational flow secondary wind for burning low-grade fuel, which belongs to the boiler technical field, in particular to a high-temperature heat accumulating type combined boiler arch with built-in rotational flow secondary wind for burning high volatile combustible, high moisture, and low heat value low-grade fuel in a highly effective and environment protective burning high volatile combustible, high moisture, and low heat value low-grade fuel boiler. Two high-temperature heat accumulating type cylinder shape rotational flow middle arches are arranged between a face arch and a rear arch, and above the middle and front part of a fire grate, the fore part is connected with the face arch, and the rear part is connected with the rear arch; a round secondary-air air inlet tube is connected with a main secondary air tube, a rotational flow secondary air spray nozzle is connected with the round secondary-air air inlet tube, the round secondary-air air inlet tube is positioned in the high-temperature heat accumulating type cylinder shape rotational flow middle arch, and the outlet of the rotational flow secondary air spray nozzle is connected with the inner wall of the high-temperature heat accumulating type cylinder shape rotational flow middle arch. Because the structure is adopted by the present invention, when the low-grade fuel is burnt, the fuel adaptability is evidently enhanced, the burning working condition in the boiler hearth is stable, the boiler thermal efficiency is improved by about 15 percentage points, and the present invention has the advantages that the fuel adaptability is wide, the thermal efficiency is high, black smoke is not existed, and the effect of the environment protection is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the boiler technology field, the built-in swirl secondary air that is specifically related in efficient and environmental protection burning high-volatile, high moisture content, the low heat value inferior fuel boiler fires high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch.
Background technology
The combustion characteristics of high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel (is example with low heat value, high moisture content brown coal at this) is: the 1. water content height of fuel, have up to more than 40%, need more heat earlier moisture content all to be evaporated when therefore this fuel being heated to ignition temperature, therefore the ignition point backward delay of this fuel, fuel is difficult for burning, the carbon content of cinder height.This kind combustion position reduces boiler thermal output, has a strong impact on the rate of rise and the design rating of boiler.2. fuel waves the ash content of coal height, have in the fuel completing combustion institute liberated heat more than 50% and emit with the fugitive constituent burning, and fixed carbon burning is emitted the shared share of heat and is compared much smaller with other fuel, with grate firing fire grate example, fire grate from front to back, fuel is successively through super-dry, and fugitive constituent is separated out and burnt, fixed carbon burning and the process that burns; The concentrated aditus laryngis (21) of zone between face arch (7), rear arch (10) of separating out of the fugitive constituent of this class A fuel A located, so the concentrated combustion of fugitive constituent is also located at aditus laryngis (21).3. fuel begins to form the whole combustion process of lime-ash and have tangible stage to burning the back from entering boiler, promptly in the whole traveling process of fire grate front portion to rear portion fuel, and water evaporates stage before this, the heat that this section needs are a large amount of; Be that fugitive constituent is concentrated precipitation phase afterwards, this section also needs a large amount of heat; Be that fixed carbon burning and lime-ash form the district afterwards, this section is emitted heat.Therefore, be according to the interim reasonable Arrangement arch of the burning of above-mentioned fuel heated face structure, appropriate design arch wind of position, appropriate design of air-supply and the ratio of secondary wind down down.Concentrate the zone of separating out and burning at fugitive constituent, if this zone can not satisfy simultaneously: the abundant disturbance of the required temperature of conflagration, enough oxygen concentration, fugitive constituent and air and mix, fugitive constituent has these four conditions of enough time of staying in burner hearth, then cause easily fuel gas can not fully burn with regard to be discharged from stove outward or fuel gas split because of local anoxic is bad for carbon black and cause the boiler over-emitting black exhaust.
In the past burnt this type of high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel boiler often adopts and increases grate area and improve combustion position in the way that arch adds secondary wind.This measure meeting increases the size and the manufacturing cost of boiler.Encircle outer secondary wind disturbance, penetrate, mixed effect is limited, should say and state way and solved some problems, but still simply can't burn as high moisture content, low heat value brown coal inferior to some, and also abound with this type of coal in the certain areas in provinces such as Inner Mongol, Heilungkiang, great majority adopt the way of Boiling Combustion to solve, and are not allow to use fluidized bed furnace but be limited to environmental requirement in some cities with nearly city.Therefore develop that a kind of energy is efficient, the boiler of this type of high-volatile of environmental protection ground burning, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel can bring very large economy benefit and social benefit, and the key technology of boiler combustion is the design and the combination of chimney arch.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of fuel tolerance that solves combustion high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel boiler is poor, the thermal efficiency is low, the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of the built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel of over-emitting black exhaust problem.
Goal of the invention of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: be by the face arch that is positioned at the boiler front portion, preceding arch tube is connected with face arch collection case, face arch collection case by refractory concrete with add coal bunker and be connected; Face arch collection case be positioned at add after the coal bunker, on the fire grate. face arch is made of preceding arch tube, face arch collection case, refractory concrete; The rear arched tube lower end links to each other with lower drum, and the rear arched tube upper end is connected with upper drum, and refractory concrete hangs on the rear arched tube. and rear arch is positioned on the fire grate postmedian;
Be characterized in: between face arch, the rear arch, on the fire grate middle front part, be provided with two cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type, its front portion is connected with face arch, and the rear portion is connected with rear arch;
Circular secondary air intake pipe is built within the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type, be connected with total secondary air channel, the swirl secondary air nozzle is connected with circular secondary air intake pipe, circular secondary air intake pipe places within the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type, and the swirl secondary air jet expansion is connected with the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type (10) inwall.
Above-mentioned burning feature according to high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel. be this type of inferior fuel that really can efficiently, environmental protection burn, main points of the present invention are as follows:
1, built-in swirl secondary air, at face arch, the cylindrical flow secondary of combination high-temperature thermal storage type inside between rear arch is provided with circular secondary air intake pipe (heat-resistance stainless steel material), swirl secondary air nozzle 20 be by (360 °/n) five equilibrium ground is welded on by rotation direction that (n is by boiler capacity on the circular secondary air intake pipe 19, fuel composition is analyzed, and circular secondary air intake pipe diameter calculates), its quantity is 4-16, and the swirl secondary air of guaranteeing to spray the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type has higher wind speed (30-70m/s) and can carry flue gas and forms strong swirling eddy.
2, have interim characteristics by the burning of above-mentioned fuel, in the bottom of combined furnace arch, do under the arch with the fire grate front portion and help heat insulating construction, this has and utilizes separating out fast of moisture content and fugitive constituent in the fuel, and provides preparatory condition for fully burning of next step.And do not design the adiabatic form of helping forming the zone near the burning of the fixed carbon of back of furnace row and lime-ash, but make water-cooling wall pipe herein exposed, in case locate here that temperature is too high to be caused coking and influence boiler and normally move.
3, the ratio of rationally definite wind and secondary wind, this determination of ratio should be adhered to following principle: air that the fugitive constituent burning that promptly should guarantee to burn in the cylindrical flow secondary of middle part high-temperature thermal storage type is required and suitable hybrid perturbation, guarantee back of furnace row fixed carbon burning required air quantity again, and can not make the fire grate front portion enter too much cold wind and influence separating out fast of moisture content and fugitive constituent.
4, high-temperature thermal storage type cylindrical flow secondary in middle part is made hollow cylinder, be convenient to arrange built-in swirl secondary air, the flue gas of going out between face arch, rear arch will just can enter the cooling chamber of burner hearth through the cylindrical flow secondary of this high-temperature thermal storage type, and the process itself that flue gas enters the arch of this shape has just promoted rotation, the disturbance, mixed of flue gas; In addition, this eddy flow arch has the effect of accumulation of heat, and this completing combustion to flammable matter in the flue gas (main component is a fugitive constituent) provides reliable temperature to guarantee.
5, under the acting in conjunction of cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type and built-in swirl secondary air, prolonged effectively that contained flammable matter is in the time of staying of burner hearth high-temperature region in the fuel gas and flying dust in the flue gas, this provides temporal assurance for burning fully of flammable matter in the flue gas.
The coverage rate of 6 appropriate design face arch, rear arch, and by the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type both are coupled together and to form built-up arch, make face arch bring into play the effect of igniting to greatest extent, rear arch is brought into play to greatest extent promote fuel fully to burn and high-temperature flue gas is led the face arch bottom and provides the effect of thermal source for fuel ignites into stove fuel.
7, arrange two cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type in the burner hearth, and make the swirl secondary air rotation direction difference in the cylindrical flow secondary of each high-temperature thermal storage type, strong collision and mixing take place in the flue gas that comes out in two cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type stream that such two bursts of rotation directions are different once more in the burner hearth cooling chamber.Flue gas disturbance and flue gas arrheaing the time in stove that this has further increased in the burner hearth have not only increased Air mixing in flue gas and the flue gas, thereby help burning fully of flammable matter in the flue gas; It has guaranteed that effectively the flue gas in the burner hearth cooling chamber is in stronger turbulent condition all the time on the other hand, thereby improves the heat transfer coefficient of inner flue gas of the stove to the furnace wall heating surface.
The present invention---the fuel tolerance of boiler when using inferior fuel of combined furnace arch obviously strengthens in employing, stable combustion condition in the burner hearth, boiler thermal output improve about 15 percentage points, the fuel gas composition can be reduced to minimum in the boiler exhaust gas, fundamentally solve the problem of firing the over-emitting black exhaust of high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value, inferior fuel boiler, had considerable energy saving and environment protecting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a main TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a side-looking structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is for being the opposite swirl secondary air arrangement of nozzles schematic diagram of built-in rotation direction in the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Comprise the face arch 7 that is positioned at the boiler front portion, preceding arch tube 8 is connected with face arch collection case 2, face arch collection case 2 by refractory concrete with add coal bunker 3 and be connected; Face arch collection case 2 be positioned at add after the coal bunker 3, on the fire grate 1. face arch 7 is made of preceding arch tube 8, face arch collection case 2, refractory concrete; Rear arched tube 12 lower ends link to each other with lower drum 22, and rear arched tube 12 upper ends are connected with upper drum, and refractory concrete hangs on the rear arched tube 12. and rear arch 11 is positioned on fire grate 1 postmedian;
Be characterized in: between face arch 7, the rear arch 11, on fire grate 1 middle front part, be provided with two cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type, its front portion is connected with face arch 7, and the rear portion is connected with rear arch 11;
The cylindrical flow secondary 10 of described high-temperature thermal storage type is connected to become built-up arch with face arch 7 and rear arch 11;
Circular secondary air intake pipe 19 is built among the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of described high-temperature thermal storage type, be connected with total secondary air channel 6, swirl secondary air nozzle 20 is connected with circular secondary air intake pipe 19, circular secondary air intake pipe 19 places within the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type, and 20 outlets of swirl secondary air nozzle are connected with cylindrical flow secondary 10 inwalls of high-temperature thermal storage type.
Stainless steel material manufacturing that described circular secondary air intake pipe 19 and overfire air jet 20 all adopt is heat-resisting (heat-resisting be not less than 1000 ℃). with swirl secondary air nozzle 20 securely by branches such as 7 be welded on the circular secondary air intake pipe 19. will twine asbestos cord on the circular secondary air channel 19, after evenly being coated with the thick pitch of 3mm on the swirl secondary air nozzle 20, well pour into a mould afterwards refractory concrete again by design size and fixed-site, secondary wind by 20 ejections of swirl secondary air nozzle will be surrounded via the flue gas that contains flammable matter that the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type is come out equably like this, secondary wind can penetrate flue gas effectively and drive flue gas and rotate strongly, has strengthened the disturbance between air and the flue gas. and flue gas was burnt before entering burner hearth cooling chamber 9 fully.
According to high-volatile, high moisture content, the burning of low heat value inferior fuel has the characteristics of obvious stage, make that the water-cooling wall pipe covers 16 with refractory concrete fully under the arch that is positioned at fire grate 1 leading portion that water evaporates and fugitive constituent separate out, to keep the high temperature at this position, accelerate the process that water evaporates and fugitive constituent are separated out, promote that inferior fuel catches fire as early as possible, for fully burning of inferior fuel provides reliable assurance, in the formation stage that near the stove rear portion is fixed carbon burning and lime-ash, make down water-cooling wall pipe exposed 17 and cover without refractory concrete of arch, this measure is in order to prevent that the heat release of fixed carbon burning herein from causing high temperature and producing coking.
Burning feature according to high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel, reasonable distribution secondary wind accounts for the ratio of the required total blast volume of boiler combustion, reaches not only to guarantee that fugitive constituent that inferior fuel is separated out burns fully but also guarantees to accelerate water evaporates contained in the inferior fuel and fugitive constituent precipitation process.
Because the perturbation actions of the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type 10 itself add the mixed and penetration of disturbance of built-in swirl secondary air, make account for boiler account for significant proportion in the fuel institute quantity of heat production the fugitive constituent exothermic process major part of burning in the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type, carry out.The cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type 10 itself is by the refractory concrete ramming, therefore the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type becomes a very big heat storage, its temperature should be more than 1100 ℃, and itself burns the assurance that hot conditions is provided fully for flammable matter in the flue gas again.
Because the design feature and the built-in swirl secondary air of the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type 10 self carry the acting in conjunction that flue gas is done strong rotation, the time of staying of flue gas in the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type prolonged, and this provides temporal assurance for burning fully of flammable matter in the flue gas.
With reference to the boiler heating power calculated data, according to the propellant composition analysis of boiler, choose the outlet velocity of flue gas of rational rear arch 11 outlet velocity of flue gas and the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type, make to form in the burner hearth 14 and stablize the aerodynamic field of efficient burning.
The rotation direction of the swirl secondary air of two cylindrical flow secondary 10 built-in swirl secondary air nozzle 20 ejections of high-temperature thermal storage type arranged side by side is opposite, this makes the rotation direction of the two strands of flue gas streams that enter burner hearth cooling chamber 9 that come out from the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type also opposite, this two strands of flue gas streams strong blending and collision in burner hearth cooling chamber 9, make flue gas be in turbulent condition in the most of the time, can improve the heat transfer coefficient of flue gas like this, reach the purpose of saving steel and reducing boiler size to burner hearth cooling chamber 9 internal heating surfaces.
Among Fig. 14 is lighting doors, the 5th, side collection feather cockscomb, the 13rd, the door, the 15th that pokes fire, brick baffle, the 21st, aditus laryngis.
The course of work of the present invention is:
Inferior fuel falls from adding coal bunker 3, under the effect of cylindrical flow secondary 10 of face arch 7, the high-temperature thermal storage type of appropriate design and rear arch 11, because arch down stokehold portion direction has been created the condition of work that moisture content rapid evaporation and fugitive constituent are separated out fast, make moisture content in the inferior fuel and fugitive constituent rapid evaporation and separate out, the fugitive constituent of separating out and all enter in the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type by the high-temperature flue gas that comes out under the rear arch.The cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type 10 self temperature is very high, its built-in swirl secondary air nozzle 20 sprays the effect of swirl secondary airs in addition, and satisfy the condition of the complete after-flame of contained flammable matter in the flue gas in the cylindrical flow secondary 10 of high-temperature thermal storage type simultaneously: strong mixing, the fuel gas of oxygen concentration, fuel gas and the air of high temperature, abundance have the long time of staying herein.This is targetedly according to high-volatile, high moisture content, the low heat value stove internal combustion operating mode of burning burning feature and designing inferior, adopt the boiler of this combined furnace arch, when using high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel, can guarantee fully burning of fuel gas, can not cause fuel gas at high temperature to be cracked into carbon black to make the boiler over-emitting black exhaust because of anoxic or oxygen mix inequality with fuel gas.Therefore, efficient, environmental protection effect of combustion when using high-volatile, high moisture content, low heat value inferior fuel have been reached.
Claims (6)
1. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel is by the face arch that is positioned at the boiler front portion (7), and preceding arch tube (8) is connected with face arch collection case (2), face arch collection case (2) by refractory concrete with add coal bunker (3) and be connected; Face arch collection case (2) be positioned at add coal bunker (3) afterwards, on the fire grate (1). face arch (7) is made of preceding arch tube (8), face arch collection case (2), refractory concrete; Rear arched tube (12) lower end links to each other with lower drum (22), and rear arched tube (12) upper end is connected with upper drum, and refractory concrete hangs on the rear arched tube (12), and rear arch (11) is positioned on fire grate (1) postmedian;
It is characterized in that: between face arch (7), the rear arch (11), on fire grate (1) middle front part, the cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type (10) is set, it is anterior to be connected with face arch (7), and the rear portion is connected with rear arch (11).
2. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with circular secondary air intake pipe (19) in the inside of the cylindrical flow secondary of described high-temperature thermal storage type (10).
3. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: go up at described circular secondary air intake pipe (19) and be evenly equipped with 4-16 swirl secondary air nozzle (20) by rotation direction.
4. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the rotation direction of the wind that described swirl secondary air nozzle (20) sprays in two cylindrical flow secondary of high-temperature thermal storage type (10) is opposite.
5. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cylindrical flow secondary of described high-temperature thermal storage type (10) is connected to built-up arch with face arch (7) and rear arch (11).
6. the high-temperature thermal storage type combined furnace arch of built-in swirl secondary air combustion inferior fuel according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
Under the described combined furnace arch water-cooling wall reasonably be divided into water-cooling wall pipe (16) under the arch that covers with refractory concrete and the arch that exposes under water-cooling wall pipe (17) two parts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007100560342A CN101118061A (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | High-temperature thermal storage type combined oven arch embedded second rotational flow overfire air burning inferior fuel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100560342A CN101118061A (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | High-temperature thermal storage type combined oven arch embedded second rotational flow overfire air burning inferior fuel |
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| CN101118061A true CN101118061A (en) | 2008-02-06 |
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| CNA2007100560342A Pending CN101118061A (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | High-temperature thermal storage type combined oven arch embedded second rotational flow overfire air burning inferior fuel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105135464A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 深圳市山水乐环保科技有限公司 | Configuration device and method of boiler overfire air |
| CN111156538A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-15 | 江华 | Method for transforming coal-fired boiler into biomass fuel boiler |
-
2007
- 2007-09-06 CN CNA2007100560342A patent/CN101118061A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105135464A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-09 | 深圳市山水乐环保科技有限公司 | Configuration device and method of boiler overfire air |
| CN105135464B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2018-04-03 | 深圳市山水乐环保科技有限公司 | The configuration device and method of boiler secondary air |
| CN111156538A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-15 | 江华 | Method for transforming coal-fired boiler into biomass fuel boiler |
| CN111156538B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2023-04-14 | 江华 | Method for transforming coal-fired boiler into biomass fuel boiler |
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