CN101092688A - Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane - Google Patents
Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN101092688A CN101092688A CNA2007100115077A CN200710011507A CN101092688A CN 101092688 A CN101092688 A CN 101092688A CN A2007100115077 A CNA2007100115077 A CN A2007100115077A CN 200710011507 A CN200710011507 A CN 200710011507A CN 101092688 A CN101092688 A CN 101092688A
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- arc
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- stainless steel
- fuel cell
- exchange membrane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
This invention discloses an ion-plating method for modification of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The method comprises: pretreating a stainless steel bipolar plate by cleaning and drying, placing in the vacuum chamber of an arc ion-plating apparatus, vacuumizing, ion-sputtering to clean, depositing a thin film, and performing post treatment. The thin film deposition process comprises: starting cathode arc, regulating arc current, applying bias, introducing reactive gas, and depositing modification thin film on the surface of the bipolar plate. The stainless steel bipolar plate modified by the method has such advantages as high abrasion resistance, high electric conductivity, high strength and high hydrophobicity, and can satisfy the long-term running requirement in proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal surface properties modification technical field, relevant with the technology of preparing of the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell of technical field of new energies.
Background technology
Bipolar plates plays a part support, afflux and separates oxygenant and reductive agent in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), and guiding Oxidizing and Reducing Agents electrode surface in battery flows, and is one of most critical parts of decision fuel cell cost performance.The ideal bipolar plates should have characteristics such as very high electroconductibility, erosion resistance, high mechanical strength, high choke ability, low-cost and easy-to processing.Metal is the first-selection of bipolar plate material.Stainless steel is because electrical and thermal conductivity performance is good, and the good and intensity height of machining property has the potentiality that become the ideal bipolar plates material.Yet stainless steel corrosion resistance nature in fuel cell environment is poor, and corrosion product can poison proton exchange membrane; The additional resistance of the higher generation of corrosion product in addition of the resistance of stainless steel own reduces its electroconductibility in addition, directly affects the output rating and the work-ing life of battery.Use precious metal such as gold and silver can improve electroconductibility and solidity to corrosion, but can make the big raising of manufacturing cost and be unfavorable for commercially producing.
It is the desirable means of dealing with problems that stainless steel is carried out surface modification treatment.
The thin film deposition that ion plating technique is used for material surface has had the history of decades.Arc ion plating, because a plurality of cathode arc sources of general employing simultaneous work simultaneously, thereby claim multi-arc ion coating again, it is the highest ion plating form of ionization level, thereby it is fast to have sedimentation velocity, and film-substrate cohesion is strong, film density height, combination reaction fully waits advantage, is mainly used in the synthetic carbon of tool and mould surface deposition, nitrogen compound class ganoine thin film field.If the arc ion plating membrane technique can be combined with the surface modification of bipolar plate of stainless steel, develop a kind of bipolar plate corrosion resistant performance that promptly improves, improve the surface coating method of modifying of conductivity again, to reduce the bipolar plates cost, increase the service life significant.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cheaply, high-quality, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface ion plating method of modifying that is easy to produce in batches, adopt the present invention that stainless steel sheet is carried out coating film treatment, make bipolar plates have anti-corrosion, conduction simultaneously, strengthen and composite performance such as not hydrophilic, operating requirement when satisfying long in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: prepare some modified films cheaply with arc ion plating (aip) at the bipolar plate of stainless steel surface deposition, these modified films can be chromium nitrogen binary, chromium nickel nitrogen or chromium carbon nitrogen trielement film, their weave construction can be uniform simple substance film, also can be outside composition continually varying gradient film from the lining, or composition replace the multilayer film that change.The technology of film-coating modification is: will put into the vacuum chamber of arc ion plating apparatus after the pre-treatments such as stainless steel sheet bipolar plates process cleaning-drying, vacuumize successively, process such as ion sputtering cleaning, thin film deposition and aftertreatment, film deposition process coating process just wherein, it comprises starter cathode electric arc again, adjusts processes such as arc current, biasing, feeding reactant gases, at bipolar plate surfaces deposition preparation modified film;
Described starter cathode electric arc is chromium arc, chromium nickel arc and graphite arc, can start a kind of cathode arc, also can start two or more cathode arcs;
Described adjustment arc current is constant for the arc evaporation electric current is adjusted into a current value, also can make the continuous in time or step variation of arc current, and the setting range of arc current is 35A-150A;
Described biasing is a direct-current biasing superimposed pulse bias voltage, and wherein direct-current biasing is 0V-500V, and amplitude is 50V-1000V in each parameter of pulsed bias, and frequency is 0kHz-60kHz, and dutycycle is 5%-80%;
Described feeding reactant gases is a nitrogen, and the feeding amount is 0sccm-500sccm, and nitrogen partial pressure is 0.1Pa-0.9Pa, and the feeding method is that the feeding amount does not change in time, the feeding amount intermittently changes in time or the feeding amount gradually changes in time.
Effect of the present invention is, at the synthetic chromium nitride homogeneous membrane of bipolar plate of stainless steel surface deposition, chromium/chromium nitride multilayer film, chromium-chromium nitride-dichromium nitride gradient film, chromium nickel/chromium nitride nickel multilayer film, quasi-diamond+films such as chromium nitride nano composite membrane, change the surface property of bipolar plate of stainless steel, hardness is reached more than the 6GPa, solidity to corrosion improves 3 orders of magnitude, and contact resistance is reduced to 20m Ω cm
2Below (under the 0.8MPa snap-in force), water contact angle is greater than 90 °.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Bipolar plate of stainless steel through putting into the vacuum chamber of arc ion plating apparatus behind the cleaning-drying, is all installed pure chromium target on all cathode arc source positions, be evacuated down to 5 * 10
-3Pa; logical argon gas is to 0.8Pa; the pulsed bias that adds 800V * 20kHz * 40% causes glow plasma bipolar plates is carried out ion sputtering cleaning 10 minutes, falls the bias voltage amplitude to 500V, and changing partial pressure of ar gas is 0.4Pa; start the chromium cathode arc; arc stream fixes on 80A, begins to deposit pure chromium layer, and the time is 5 minutes; feed nitrogen then; flow is 100sccm, the beginning sedimenting chromium chloride layer, and the time length also is 5 minutes; after stop to send nitrogen again; logical again nitrogen after 5 minutes ... so alternate repetition carries out, and total deposition plating time is 40 minutes, unloads bias voltage after then; stop arc; stop the supple of gas or steam; kept melted and cooled in vacuum 1 hour, and bled off vacuum at last and take out bipolar plates.So synthesize the modified film of chromium/chromium nitride multilayer structure, this film contact resistance≤15m Ω cm in the bipolar plate surfaces deposition
2(under the 0.8MPa), corrosion current i under the simulation PEMFC corrosive environment
Cor≤ 1.0 * 10
-6A/dm
2, water contact angle 〉=90 °, microhardness Hk 〉=15GPa, film/basic bonding force 〉=70N.
Embodiment 2
Bipolar plate of stainless steel through putting into the vacuum chamber of arc ion plating apparatus behind the cleaning-drying, is installed pure chromium target, and on relative separately half arc source position in addition chromium nickel target is installed on half cathode arc source position, be evacuated down to 5 * 10
-3Pa; logical argon gas is to 0.8Pa; the pulsed bias that adds 800V * 20kHz * 40% causes glow plasma bipolar plates is carried out ion sputtering cleaning 10 minutes, falls the bias voltage amplitude to 500V, and changing partial pressure of ar gas is 0.4Pa; start chromium cathode arc and chromium nickel cathode arc; arc stream all fixes on 80A, begins to deposit pure chromium nickel dam, and the time is 5 minutes; feed nitrogen then; flow is 100sccm, beginning sedimenting chromium chloride nickel dam, and the time length also is 5 minutes; after stop to send nitrogen again; logical again nitrogen after 5 minutes ... so alternate repetition carries out, and total deposition plating time is 40 minutes, unloads bias voltage after then; stop arc; stop the supple of gas or steam; kept melted and cooled in vacuum 1 hour, and bled off vacuum at last and take out bipolar plates.The modified film that so synthesizes chromium nickel/chromium nitride nickel multilayered structure in the bipolar plate surfaces deposition, this film contact resistance≤13m Ω cm
2(under the 0.8MPa), corrosion current i under the simulation PEMFC corrosive environment
Cor≤ 1.0 * 10
-7A/dm
2, water contact angle 〉=90 °, microhardness Hk 〉=10GPa, film/basic bonding force 〉=70N.
Embodiment 3
Bipolar plate of stainless steel through putting into the vacuum chamber of arc ion plating apparatus behind the cleaning-drying, is installed pure chromium target, and on other relative separately half arc source position graphite target is installed on half cathode arc source position, be evacuated down to 5 * 10
-3Pa, logical argon gas is to 0.8Pa, the pulsed bias that adds 800V * 20kHz * 40% causes glow plasma bipolar plates is carried out ion sputtering cleaning 10 minutes, the bias voltage amplitude is fallen to 500V, changing partial pressure of ar gas is 0.4Pa, start chromium cathode arc and graphite cathode arc, arc stream all fixes on 80A, and the time is 40 minutes.So deposit quasi-diamond (DLC) modified film of synthesizing blender chromium metal, this film contact resistance≤20m Ω cm at bipolar plate surfaces
2(under the 0.8MPa), corrosion current i under the simulation PEMFC corrosive environment
Cor≤ 1.0 * 10
-8A/dm
2, water contact angle 〉=90 °, microhardness Hk 〉=9GPa, film/basic bonding force 〉=80N.
Claims (4)
1. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate ion film plating method of modifying, it is characterized in that: the technology of film-coating modification is: will put into the vacuum chamber of arc ion plating apparatus after the pre-treatments such as stainless steel sheet bipolar plates process cleaning-drying, vacuumize successively, process such as ion sputtering cleaning, thin film deposition and aftertreatment, wherein film deposition process comprises starter cathode electric arc, adjusts arc current, biasing, feeding reactant gases, at bipolar plate surfaces deposition preparation modified film; The setting range of described adjustment arc current is 35A-150A; Described biasing is a direct-current biasing superimposed pulse bias voltage, and wherein direct-current biasing is 0V-500V, and amplitude is 50V-1000V in each parameter of pulsed bias, and frequency is 0kHz-60kHz, and dutycycle is 5%-80%; Described feeding reactant gases is a nitrogen, and the feeding amount is 0sccm-500sccm, and nitrogen partial pressure is 0.1Pa-0.9Pa.
2. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate ion film plating method of modifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described starter cathode electric arc is chromium arc, chromium nickel arc and graphite arc, a kind of cathode arc can be started, also two or more cathode arcs can be started.
3. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate ion film plating method of modifying according to claim 1,, it is characterized in that: described adjustment arc current is for adjusting fixed value with the arc evaporation electric current, making the continuous in time or step variation of arc current.
4. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate ion film plating method of modifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described feeding reactant gases is a nitrogen, and the feeding method is that the feeding amount does not change in time, the feeding amount intermittently changes in time or the feeding amount gradually changes in time.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNA2007100115077A CN101092688A (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2007-05-28 | Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane |
CN2008100863759A CN101257119B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote nickel-chromium thin film |
CN200810086373XA CN101257117B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote chromium thin film |
CN200810086374A CN100595951C (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface carbon chromium thin film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNA2007100115077A CN101092688A (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2007-05-28 | Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane |
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CN101092688A true CN101092688A (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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CNA2007100115077A Pending CN101092688A (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2007-05-28 | Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane |
CN200810086374A Active CN100595951C (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface carbon chromium thin film |
CN200810086373XA Expired - Fee Related CN101257117B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote chromium thin film |
CN2008100863759A Expired - Fee Related CN101257119B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote nickel-chromium thin film |
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CN200810086374A Active CN100595951C (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface carbon chromium thin film |
CN200810086373XA Expired - Fee Related CN101257117B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote chromium thin film |
CN2008100863759A Expired - Fee Related CN101257119B (en) | 2007-05-28 | 2008-03-25 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote nickel-chromium thin film |
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CN101257117B (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2010-12-01 | 大连理工大学 | Double polar plates for fuel battery and method for making surface azote chromium thin film |
CN102005580A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-06 | 大连海事大学 | Surface-modifying treatment method of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
CN101246964B (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2011-08-31 | 上海交通大学 | Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery |
CN103022510A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-03 | 辽宁师范大学 | Metal bipolar plate for regenerative fuel cell and preparation method thereof |
CN103078121A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-05-01 | 上海锦众信息科技有限公司 | Preparation method of chromium-nitrogen composite pole plate material for fuel cell |
CN103606688A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Non-micropore processing method for modification layer on plate surface of metal bipolar plate of fuel cell |
CN106684394A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Surface modification method of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells' stainless steel bipolar plates |
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CN101092688A (en) * | 2007-05-28 | 2007-12-26 | 大连理工大学 | Ion plating modified method for bipolar plate of stainless steel for fuel cell in type of proton exchange membrane |
-
2007
- 2007-05-28 CN CNA2007100115077A patent/CN101092688A/en active Pending
-
2008
- 2008-03-25 CN CN200810086374A patent/CN100595951C/en active Active
- 2008-03-25 CN CN200810086373XA patent/CN101257117B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-03-25 CN CN2008100863759A patent/CN101257119B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101257117B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
CN101257117A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
CN101257119B (en) | 2010-04-14 |
CN101257119A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
CN101257118A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
CN100595951C (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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