CN101079633A - Improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method and servo control circuit - Google Patents
Improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method and servo control circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modified passive typed rubidium atom frequency scale servo controlling method and servo control circuit, which is characterized by the following: gathering and processing the quantum frequency discriminating signal through servo mode according the four double frequency modulating signal; judging the frequency of the microwave polling signal within the locking scale of atom adsorbing line breadth or at release locking condition; utilizing quantum correcting information to repair the frequency value of synthetic modulating signal; realizing the seal locking of entire machine. The invention adopts digital DDS and processor chip to integrate atom frequency marking servo part and synthetic part organically, which modifies the present miniaturized circuit structure to realize the seal locking of entire machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale art, be specifically related to that a kind of inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale is servo, synthetic circuit miniaturization and take off the method that the lock problem is improved servo function for solution.
Background technology
In the inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale, physical system is the core component of whole atomic frequency standard, and it provides a frequency stabilization, the narrower atomic resonance of live width to absorb line.After comprehensive modulation, the microwave interrogation signals of the band modulation that comes from quartz oscillator that electronic circuit produces acts on physical system, behind the quantum frequency discrimination, to the information processing of quantum frequency discrimination, the output frequency of local oscillator is locked on the hyperfine O-O transition of the ground state centre frequency of rubidium atom the most at last by servo circuit.Existing most of servo circuits carry out synchronous phase demodulation according to the synchronous phase discrimination signal that comprehensively provides to quantum frequency discrimination signal, and adopt the mode of the voltage-controlled local oscillator of D/A independently to realize the closed loop locking of complete machine according to identified result information, finally by the higher frequency signal of local oscillator output stability.When the microwave interrogation signals is positioned at atom line-width scope, such mode is comparatively ideal, but in actual applications, because concrete selected local oscillator type and temperature coefficient difference, when the Rb atom frequency marking fault is changed local oscillator, and when under different environment, powering at every turn, the frequency of the each output of local oscillator itself is not changeless, cause the frequency of the microwave interrogation signals that electronic circuit presets far away so sometimes from the crest frequency of atomic resonance absworption peak, make existing servo circuit realize that complete machine closed loop time of locking is elongated, even may make the atomic frequency standard complete machine can't normally realize the closed loop locking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method and servo control circuit of miniaturization, to address the above problem.
The technical scheme of the inventive method is: improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method, it is that the frequency signal of voltage-controlled quartz oscillator VCXO output is through wherein one the road delivering to radio frequency frequency multiplication unit after putting processing, carry out signal frequency multiplication and handle, with the radiofrequency signal that obtains deliver to microwave doubly, mixing unit and comprehensive servo module; Every another road signal of putting deliver to comprehensively, servo module; The modulation signal that integrated signal processing unit in comprehensive, servo module obtains deliver to microwave doubly, the mixing unit; Microwave doubly, in the mixing unit, radiofrequency signal and comprehensive modulation signal are made signal frequency multiplication and Frequency mixing processing more respectively, finally obtain the microwave interrogation signals and act on physical system, after physical system is handled the quantum frequency discrimination of microwave interrogation signals, with quantum frequency discrimination signal feed back to again comprehensively, servo module, after synchronous phase discrimination processing, revise the frequency values of comprehensive modulation signal according to concrete quantum correction information, finally realize the closed loop locking of complete machine; Described concrete quantum correction information is that comprehensive, servo module carries out acquisition process according to 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals to quantum frequency discrimination signal, judge this constantly the frequency of microwave interrogation signals be within the lock-in range of atom line-width and still be in delocking state, obtain quantum correction information.
Servo circuit of the present invention is: improved inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale servo control circuit comprises processor, digital frequency synthesizer DDS1, digital frequency synthesizer DDS2 and digital frequency synthesizer DDS3; Processor receives the quantum frequency signal come from physical system, comes from through the frequency signal after putting processing, processor produces the adjustable square-wave signal of three road phase relations respectively, wherein one road keying FM signal deliver to digital frequency synthesizer DDS1 FSK keying frequency modulation input port, one tunnel synchronous phase demodulation reference signal as synchronous phase demodulation, one tunnel 4 frequency multiplication modulation signal as the locking inspection; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS1, and during reference during as DDS1 work, DDS1 produces modulation signal output required in the atomic frequency standard summation loop; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS2, during reference during as DDS2 work, receives the divider ratio value signal of from processor, produces the frequency signal output with modulation; DDS2 produces the external clock benchmark input end of not sending into DDS3 with the frequency signal of modulation, the reference clock during as DDS3 work; Processor passes to DDS3 with corresponding complete machine frequency output numerical value, thereby obtains the output of atomic frequency standard complete machine frequency signal according to the communication of serial sequential.
The present invention adopts digitlization DDS and processor chips, and servo link of atomic frequency standard and summation loop are organically integrated, and with a kind of function of architecture advances available circuit of miniaturization, realizes the closed loop locking of complete machine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale SERVO CONTROL principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is comprehensive, the servo module circuit diagram.
Fig. 3 lock-in detection schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 lock-in detection program flow diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1,, the inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale system comprises atomic frequency standard VCXO VCXD, isolating amplifier circuit, frequency multiplier circuit, microwave times frequency mixer; The microwave of microwave times frequency mixer output is sought signal in physical system, and physical system comprises spectroscopic lamp 1, integrated filtering resonance bubble 2, microwave cavity 3, C field 4, magnetic cup 5, photocell 6, coupling loop 7, constant-current source, temperature controller, and thermostat.The microwave of microwave times frequency mixer output is sought signal in physical system, and the output signal that physical system realizes the quantized system frequency discrimination is amplified and the square wave shaping is locked in the output frequency of local oscillator by servo circuit quantum on the hyperfine O-O jump frequency of ground state of rubidium atom through the light inspection.
The 10MHz frequency signal of voltage-controlled quartz oscillator (VCXO) output is through wherein one the road delivering to radio frequency frequency multiplication unit after putting processing, carry out * 16 signal frequency multiplications and handle, with the 160MHz radiofrequency signal that obtains deliver to microwave doubly, mixing unit and comprehensive, servo module.Every another road 10MHz signal of putting deliver to comprehensively, servo module.Integrated signal processing unit in comprehensive, servo module obtain 45.3125MHz ± Δ f modulation signal and deliver to microwave doubly, the mixing unit.At microwave doubly, in the mixing unit, 160MHz radiofrequency signal and 45.3125MHz ± comprehensive modulation signal of Δ f are made * 43 signal frequency multiplications and Frequency mixing processing more respectively, finally obtain (160MHz * 43)-45.3125MHz ± Δ f=6834.6875MHz ± Δ f microwave interrogation signals and act on physical system, after physical system is handled the quantum frequency discrimination of microwave interrogation signals, quantum frequency discrimination signal is fed back to comprehensively again, servo module, after synchronous phase discrimination processing, revise the frequency values of comprehensive modulation signal according to concrete quantum correction information, finally realize the closed loop locking of complete machine.
As shown in Figure 2, deliver to the external clock input (XTAL) of processor, the clock reference when working through the 10MHz frequency signal after putting processing as processor.Processor produces the adjustable square-wave signal of three road phase relations respectively, wherein one road 79Hz keying FM signal deliver to DDS1 FSK keying frequency modulation input port, the synchronous phase demodulation reference signal of one road 79Hz as synchronous phase demodulation, one tunnel 4 frequency multiplication modulation signal as lock-in detection.The 160MHz frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end (RefClk) of DDS1, the reference clock during as DDS1 work.By the serial sequential communication between processor and DDS1, the comprehensive modulation frequency division numerical value predetermined frequency that the high and low level state of the 79Hz keying frequency modulation square-wave signal that DDS1 sends here according to FSK end processor is chosen processor input in the inner 48 bit frequency control registers (F1, F0) respectively is as output, thereby produces 45.3125MHz required in the atomic frequency standard summation loop ± Δ f modulation signal output.Frequency-splitting Δ f among two FREQUENCY CONTROL register F1, the F0 that preset has then determined the size of microwave interrogation signals modulation depth.The principle that produces comprehensive modulation signal with processor control DDS1 is similar, and processor passes to DDS2 by the serial communication sequential with same frequency division numerical value, does not produce and exports with the 45.3125MHz frequency signal of modulation.The 45.3125MHz frequency signal that DDS2 is obtained is sent into the external clock benchmark input end (RefClk) of DDS3, the reference clock during as DDS3 work.Processor passes to DDS3 with corresponding complete machine frequency output numerical value, thereby obtains the output of atomic frequency standard complete machine frequency signal according to the communication of serial sequential.
Because the external reference clock signal frequency of DDS1 and DDS2 is 160MHz, and the modulation signal that comprehensive modulation produces is 45.3125MHz, so do not use its inner PLL frequency multiplication module when DDS1, DDS2 programmed, can improve the input and output signal to noise ratio like this.Processor is provided with according to formula (1) to DDS1, when the input of DDS2 frequency division numerical value is programmed:
F in the formula
0Frequency (as 160MHz) for the DDS external reference clock signal, f is the signal frequency (as 45.3125MHz) that is preset among inner 48 bit frequency control register F1 or the F0, D is the concrete comprehensive modulation frequency division numerical value of processor to the DDS input, with f=45.3125MHz, and f
0=160MHz is an example, and value corresponding D is (45.3125MHz/160MHz) * 2
48Resulting decimal value is converted into the value of the FREQUENCY CONTROL register of the corresponding 48bits of binary system.According to corresponding serial communication sequential, by processor corresponding 48bits value is write the DDS buffering area after, will produce the comprehensive modulation signal output that frequency is 45.3125MHz at the output pin end of DDS.
The 45.3125MHz frequency signal that DDS2 is produced is sent into the external clock reference edge of DDS3, use during as DDS3 work with reference to the time base.The 10MHz complete machine output frequency value that processor presets atomic frequency standard according to formula (1) is sent into the buffering area of DDS3 in the mode of binary system bit by the serial communication sequential, makes it produce corresponding complete machine frequency signal output at output.Because base adopts the comprehensive modulation frequency signal that DDS2 produces during the external reference of DDS3, so in this programme, after servo loop obtains corresponding quantum correction information, can revise the frequency of the comprehensive modulation signal of corresponding D DS2, so also can cause that DDS3 complete machine output signal frequency changes, and has promptly substituted the output frequency value that traditional mode of passing through the D/A VCXO changes local oscillator.It should be noted that for the complete machine output frequency signal and adopted the synthetic mode of Direct Digital, make atomic frequency standard in certain range of application, serve as a synthesizer role that stability is higher.The user can by user input mouth among Fig. 2, revise the complete machine output signal frequency value of DDS3 easily according to the requirement in the practical application.
The quantum frequency discrimination signal that the microwave interrogation signals of band modulation obtains after handling through the quantum frequency discrimination of physical system is delivered to processor, processor carries out acquisition process according to 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals (79Hz * 4) to quantum frequency discrimination signal, judge the frequency of this added microwave interrogation signals of moment and the relation of atomic transition centre frequency, promptly judge this constantly the frequency of microwave interrogation signals be within the lock-in range of atom line-width and still be in delocking state, concrete judgment basis is as shown in Figure 3.
It is divided into four kinds of situations: 1, the frequency of microwave interrogation signals greater than (less than) atomic transition centre frequency and within atom line-width scope the time, be f＞fo (f＜fo), through the quantum frequency discrimination, the light inspection is amplified, the signal frequency that obtains after square wave the is whole all frequency with the 79Hz modulation signal of delivering to DDS1 keying frequency modulation input FSK of original processor generation is consistent, just owing to there are difference on the phase place in atom relaxation time and loop response time delays, this moment, atomic frequency standard was in unlocked state, non-locking signal 1 shown in Fig. 3 and non-locking signal 2 occurred; When 2, the frequency of microwave interrogation signals equals the atomic transition centre frequency, i.e. f=fo, the signal frequency that obtains after the square wave shaping is 2 times of former modulation signal, this moment, atomic frequency standard was in the lock state, and locking signal shown in Figure 3 occurred; When 3, the frequency of microwave interrogation signals was greatly away from the atomic transition centre frequency, promptly f did not enter within the effective quantum frequency discrimination absorption band wide region, and the signal that obtains after treatment will be a lasting level, and this moment, atomic frequency standard was in delocking state; 4, another kind of special situation is exactly, when the atomic frequency standard complete machine has just powered on (comprise the complete cold conditions of complete machine powers on and hot the restarting of complete machine powers on), spectroscopic lamp has the process of a relaxation oscillations, can detect high frequency irregular signal waveform from quantized system frequency discrimination output this moment, enter normal operating conditions until spectroscopic lamp, and the time that whole relaxation oscillation process continues is by concrete complete machine cold conditions or hot decision.For these four kinds of situations, continuous 4 rising edges of sampling time sequence that adopt 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals carry out level sampling to the signal behind the quantum frequency discrimination respectively, and are recorded as D1, D2, D3, D4 respectively as trigger impulse.For first kind of situation, in 4 level of record 3 low levels are arranged, 1 high level; For second kind of situation, the level of record has relational expression: D1=D3 and D2=D4; For the third situation, the level of record has relational expression: D1=D2=D3=D4; For the 4th kind of situation, because this moment spectroscopic lamp is in the relaxation oscillation process, the signal high frequency at quantum frequency discrimination place is irregular, first kind of situation or second kind of situation or the third situation might appear in the data that continuous 4 the sampling time sequence rising edges sampling of many groups obtains, so can't judge by sampled level, the method that solves is: because in this link, what judge is whether atomic frequency standard is in the lock state, the 4th kind of situation illustrates that obviously atomic frequency standard is not in locking, in comprehensive modulation signal part, the modulation signal that adopts is a low frequency signal, get 79Hz in the concrete scheme, in the sampling time sequence of the 4 frequency multiplication frequency modulating signals that trigger with continuous 4 rising edges, judgment mode more than one group of (it is one group that continuous 4 rising edges trigger) sampling can be set, the level that many groups of samplings obtain is done the judgement of atom frequency standard locking state respectively, and many groups of judgements are done and computing, obtain final lock-out state judged result, so just can be good at solving the 4th kind of problem that situation is brought.Its flow process as shown in Figure 4.
After processor carries out acquisition process judgement lock-out state according to 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals to quantum frequency discrimination signal, if obtain the judged result of situation 1 and situation 2, then make synchronous phase discrimination processing by synchronous phase demodulation reference signal of 79Hz and quantum frequency discrimination signal, judge the frequency of microwave interrogation signals and the relation of atomic transition centre frequency, and obtaining quantum correction information, the comprehensive frequency modulating signal that changes DDS1 output by fractional value realizes that finally the closed loop of atomic frequency standard locks.If obtain the judged result of situation 3, the frequency that this moment microwave interrogation signals then is described is away from the atomic transition centre frequency, be that atomic frequency standard can't normally be exported stable frequency signal, this changes DDS1 output constantly by big numerical value comprehensive frequency modulating signal reaches large-scale frequency and draws inclined to one side purpose.How much the concrete frequency division numerical value of DDS1 changes is foundation with atomic frequency standard complete machine output signal frequency stability.For in a certain fixed sample time T (second), be 1 * 10 with the frequency stability of the output signal (DDS3 output) of whole atomic frequency standard
-12, then the frequency absolute change value of DDS3 output frequency signal is Δ f
DDS3=10MHz * (1 * 10
-12)=10
-5Hz, the complete machine output frequency numerical value D for fixing user presets, can list the computing formula of calculating corresponding external clock reference signal frequency f variation in the DDS3 link easily by formula (1):
Can be in the hope of corresponding f=45.3125MHz ± 4.5 * 10
-5For DDS1 and DDS2, the external reference clock is selected 160MHz for use, and then the output of the frequency of its controlled minimum is changed to 160MHz/2
48≈ 5.7 * 10
-7, for above-mentioned 4.5 * 10
-5The variation of comprehensive frequency modulating signal is satisfiable.
Because the live width of inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale is usually in the 1KHz scope, when complete machine is in delocking state, the frequency at the frequency distance atomic transition center of microwave interrogation signals is greater than 1KHz, when certain malfunction even can reach the MHz magnitude, under delocking state, servo system need be drawn the frequency of inclined to one side microwave interrogation signals on a large scale, promptly changes the frequency values of the comprehensive modulation signal of DDS1 and DDS2 output on a large scale.Concrete adjustment level range is: 10
2Hz, 10
3Hz, 10
4Hz, 10
5Hz, 10
6Hz etc., by processor according to adjusting in the level range from the little output signal frequency that changes DDS1 and DDS2 to big principle successively, output frequency of every adjustment just detects this residing state of atomic frequency standard constantly, just enter fractional value frequency deviation correction under the normal condition until the situation 1 or the situation 2 that occur as shown in Figure 3, after the closed loop locking that realizes complete machine, need change the complete machine output frequency numerical value of DDS3 by processor simultaneously, thereby reach the output signal frequency that the user presets.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of improved passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method, it is that the frequency signal of voltage-controlled quartz oscillator VCXO output is through wherein one the road delivering to radio frequency frequency multiplication unit after putting processing, carry out signal frequency multiplication and handle, with the radiofrequency signal that obtains deliver to microwave doubly, mixing unit and comprehensive servo module; Every another road signal of putting deliver to comprehensively, servo module; The modulation signal that integrated signal processing unit in comprehensive, servo module obtains deliver to microwave doubly, the mixing unit; Microwave doubly, in the mixing unit, radiofrequency signal and comprehensive modulation signal are made signal frequency multiplication and Frequency mixing processing more respectively, finally obtain the microwave interrogation signals and act on physical system, after physical system is handled the quantum frequency discrimination of microwave interrogation signals, with quantum frequency discrimination signal feed back to again comprehensively, servo module, after synchronous phase discrimination processing, revise the frequency values of comprehensive modulation signal according to concrete quantum correction information, finally realize the closed loop locking of complete machine; Described concrete quantum correction information is that comprehensive, servo module carries out acquisition process according to 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals to quantum frequency discrimination signal, judge this constantly the frequency of microwave interrogation signals be within the lock-in range of atom line-width and still be in delocking state, obtain quantum correction information.
2, improved according to claim 1 passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method is characterized in that described comprehensive, servo module comprises processor, digital frequency synthesizer DDS1, digital frequency synthesizer DDS2 and digital frequency synthesizer DDS3; Processor receives the quantum frequency signal come from physical system, comes from through the frequency signal after putting processing, processor produces the adjustable square-wave signal of three road phase relations respectively, wherein one road keying FM signal deliver to digital frequency synthesizer DDS1 FSK keying frequency modulation input port, one tunnel synchronous phase demodulation reference signal as synchronous phase demodulation, one tunnel 4 frequency multiplication modulation signal as the locking inspection; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS1, and during reference during as DDS1 work, DDS1 produces modulation signal output required in the atomic frequency standard summation loop; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS2, during reference during as DDS2 work, receives the divider ratio value signal of from processor, produces the frequency signal output with modulation; DDS2 produces the external clock benchmark input end of not sending into DDS3 with the frequency signal of modulation, the reference clock during as DDS3 work; Processor passes to DDS3 with corresponding complete machine frequency output numerical value, thereby obtains the output of atomic frequency standard complete machine frequency signal according to the communication of serial sequential.
3, improved according to claim 1 passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method, it is characterized in that it is that continuous 4 rising edges of sampling time sequence of 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals are as trigger impulse that described 4 frequency multiplication modulation signals carry out acquisition process to quantum frequency discrimination signal, respectively the signal behind the quantum frequency discrimination is carried out level sampling, and be recorded as D1, D2, D3, D4 respectively, judge according to four kinds of sampled level height that write down are different whether atomic frequency standard is in the lock state and delocking state.
4, improved according to claim 1 passive Rb atomic frequency standard servo control method is characterized in that voltage-controlled quartz oscillator output frequency is 10MHz; The modulation signal that integrated signal processing unit in comprehensive, servo module obtains is 45.3125MHz ± Δ f; The microwave interrogation signals is (160MHz * 43)-45.3125MHz ± Δ f=6834.6875MHz ± Δ f.
5, a kind of improved inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale servo control circuit comprises processor, digital frequency synthesizer DDS1, digital frequency synthesizer DDS2 and digital frequency synthesizer DDS3; Processor receives the quantum frequency signal come from physical system, comes from through the frequency signal after putting processing, processor produces the adjustable square-wave signal of three road phase relations respectively, wherein one road keying FM signal deliver to digital frequency synthesizer DDS1 FSK keying frequency modulation input port, one tunnel synchronous phase demodulation reference signal as synchronous phase demodulation, one tunnel 4 frequency multiplication modulation signal as the locking inspection; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS1, and during reference during as DDS1 work, DDS1 produces modulation signal output required in the atomic frequency standard summation loop; The frequency signal that obtains through the radio frequency frequency multiplication is delivered to the external clock benchmark input end of DDS2, during reference during as DDS2 work, receives the divider ratio value signal of from processor, produces the frequency signal output with modulation; DDS2 produces the external clock benchmark input end of not sending into DDS3 with the frequency signal of modulation, the reference clock during as DDS3 work; Processor passes to DDS3 with corresponding complete machine frequency output numerical value, thereby obtains the output of atomic frequency standard complete machine frequency signal according to the communication of serial sequential.
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