CN101074453A - Efficient economical dust collecting method and dust collector for iron-smelting blast furnace - Google Patents
Efficient economical dust collecting method and dust collector for iron-smelting blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN101074453A CN101074453A CNA200610127368XA CN200610127368A CN101074453A CN 101074453 A CN101074453 A CN 101074453A CN A200610127368X A CNA200610127368X A CN A200610127368XA CN 200610127368 A CN200610127368 A CN 200610127368A CN 101074453 A CN101074453 A CN 101074453A
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Abstract
An efficient energy-saving dust-collecting method and its apparatus for iron-smelting blast furnace are disclosed. The procedure is carried out by pre-cooling wet air before entering them into air blower, re-cooling, lowering temperature below saturated temperature, coagulating while precipitating for water content in wet air, re-cooling, delivering into blast furnace by air blower, discharging smoke from blast furnace, heat-exchanging, recovering partial tailed heat, lowering temperature, bagged collecting dust, storing or generating. It's cheap and simple, has higher heat-transfer rate, long utilizing life, less apparatus, full combustion and recovery and better high-temperature resistance for bagged dust collector.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-efficient method for dust removal and equipment that is used for iron-smelting blast furnace.
Background technology
China's Iron And Steel Industry ironmaking system (ironmaking, sintering and coking) energy consumption accounts for 67.2% of Iron And Steel Industry total energy consumption, and the operation of wherein smelting iron accounts for 46.4%.This shows that the blast furnace ironmaking operation is that iron and steel enterprise implements the energy-saving and cost-reducing most important thing.Under the pulling of national economy fast development, China Steel industry enters Rapid development stage, and this has also driven the fast development of blast furnace ironmaking.Be accompanied by the rapid growth of Chinese pig iron output, Chinese blast furnace technology level has also obtained certain progress.Because the rapid growth of pig iron output has caused national iron ore, coke is in short supply, and price is soaring, downgrade, and the composition instability has caused part blast-furnace technique economic target to glide.Though show into the stove grade and improve that ratio of putting coke into furnace raises, coal powder injection is than following degradation phenomenon.Another piece of data that China Iron ﹠ Steel Association announces shows that at present, the blast furnace coke ratio of developed country has reached 300 kilograms/ton below the iron, and fuel ratio is less than 500 kilograms of/ton iron.The ratio of putting coke into furnace of China emphasis iron and steel enterprise is 426 kilograms of/ton iron, and other enterprises of part are about 488 kilograms of/ton iron, and the energy consumption of blast furnace technology (mark coal) exceeds 50 kilograms of mark coal/ton iron to 100 kilogram mark coal/ton iron than advanced international standard.This has embodied China's blast furnace ironmaking and world-class gap on the one hand, the opposing party and illustrated that also China's blast furnace ironmaking also has big potentiality aspect energy-conservation.
Blast furnace removes wet blast(ing) can stablize blast humidity, increases the effect of coal powder injection ratio and reduction coke ratio.Because being typical cupola well, blast furnace ferromanganese absorbs heat direct reduction reactor, " going up under the heat cool ", coke ratio height, many, the wet amounts of ton iron loss wind by force greatly, particularly the southern area ferromanganese blast furnace is subjected to weather and seasonal effect, the blast humidity instability causes the ferromanganese blast furnace technico-economical comparison to worsen and fluctuates big, annual high humidity 6,7, produce ferromanganese during August, this influence and fluctuation are especially obvious.Blast furnace is low except that wet blast(ing) ubiquity heat transfer efficiency at present, equipment is huge, the shortcoming that investment is big, working cost is high.
At present, sack cleaner is with its efficiency of dust collection height, working cost is low, characteristics such as floor space is little, and is simple in structure become one of major equipment of industrial dedusting, yet, it is used in the bigger restriction that top gas dedusting aspect is subjected to gas temperature, coal gas of high temperature makes the filtrate cost of sack cleaner sharply increase, and makes the pocket type lost of life simultaneously, and whole fly-ash separator pocket type becomes expensive unusually and needs and often changes.
Blast furnace needs high wind-warm syndrome, and high wind-warm syndrome mainly brings following benefit for blast furnace:
(1) replaces the coke combustion heat with air blast physics heat, can save coke;
(2) reduce ton iron coal gas amount, impel throat temperature to descend, can reduce coal gas and take away heat;
(3) reduce the quantity of slag, can reduce slag and take away calorific loss;
(4) corresponding increase output reduces unit iron thermosteresis;
(5) make among heat Jiao in cupola well, can improve theoretical combustion temperature (100 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome of every raising, theoretical combustion temperature improves 60~80 ℃) before the air port, improve blast energy, help enlivening cupola well, improve the furnace cylinder working state, improve blast furnace heat energy utilization rate, reduce manganese ore consumption;
(6) for pulverized coal injection provides thermal compensation, help increasing injecting coal quantity, improve coal-to-coke replacement.
In present China pig iron blast furnace air temperature scope, 100 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome of every raising can save burnt 15~20kg/t iron, corresponding volume increase about 3%.According to new steel blast furnace production statistic data and application operating line chart Theoretical Calculation, when wind-warm syndrome was brought up to 1300 ℃ by 978.8 ℃, 100 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome of average every raising can save burnt 60kg/t iron (according to the Russian art nail (unit of length) 1019m of Steel Plant of section
3The ferromanganese blast furnace statistics, 100 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome of every reduction, coke ratio rises 4%~5%.The 880m of Ka Sageer Metallurgical Factory
3The ferromanganese blast furnace wind-warm syndrome is in 1000~1200 ℃ of scopes, and 100 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome of every raising can save burnt 6%~8%), bring volume increase, consumption reduction, the good effect of fine.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides energy-efficient method for dust removal of a kind of iron-smelting blast furnace and equipment, the blast furnace that exists in the present blast furnace ironmaking process is low except that wet blast(ing) ubiquity heat transfer efficiency, equipment is huge, investment is big, working cost is high to solve, the sack cleaner resistance to elevated temperatures is poor, cost height, life-span short, and blast furnace gas waste heat overbottom pressure is recycled the problem insufficient, that the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace temperature levels is low.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The energy-efficient method for dust removal of a kind of iron-smelting blast furnace: at first will enter gas blower wet air before and carry out pre-cooled, then will be through the wet air after pre-cooled by very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler cooling, behind very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler, the wet air temperature is lowered to its air pressure and below the corresponding temperature of saturation of water capacity, moisture content in the wet air is curding out then, like this, the wet air water content reduces, send into the residual heat recovery type exhaust dust device with bag through blast furnace blowing engine, through air and top gas heat exchange in the residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus, air obtains preheating temperature and raises, enter the blast funnace hot blast stove heating again, enter blast furnace at last, the air themperature that enters hotblast stove like this improves, improve Combustion of Hot Air Furnace temperature and hotblast stove efficient, reduced blast furnace coke ratio.
After top gas comes out, at first enter the residual heat recovery type exhaust dust device with bag, in the residual heat recovery type exhaust dust device with bag with the air heat exchange, blast furnace gas temperature reduces, in the residual heat recovery type exhaust dust device with bag, carry out bag-type dusting after the heat exchange, because temperature reduces, filtrate to sack cleaner requires the relatively end, improved efficiency of dust collection, the fly-ash separator cost reduces, and has prolonged the pocket type life-span, and the blast furnace gas part after the dedusting of lowering the temperature is at last delivered to user's gas-holder after reducing pressure by the reducing valve group, most of blast furnace gas is sent into the turbo-expander expansion working, drives generator for electricity generation.
Equipment of the present invention comprises pre-cooled device, Aftercooling device, hotblast stove and residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus, and pre-cooled device, Aftercooling device and hotblast stove are linked in sequence successively with pipeline, and the outlet of hotblast stove is connected with the blast inlet of blast furnace; The venting port of blast furnace is connected with the inlet of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. very fast super heat-conductive pipe waste-heat recovery device has greatly improved blast furnace gas heat recovery efficient, the existing average organic efficiency of waste heat recovery efficient is high by 30%, improve hot blast temperature simultaneously more than 80 ℃, improve hotblast stove efficient more than 8%, reduce blast furnace coke ratio 15kg/t;
2. very fast heat pipe waste-heat recovery device carries out precooling thermal pretreatment efficiently to air, and the dehumidification rate height reduces dehumidification equipment power simultaneously, blast humidity can be reduced to locality atmospheric level in winter, makes the blower fan working conditions become " four seasons such as winter ".Can many coal injections, improve blower fan simultaneously the exerting oneself of summer, satisfy the needs that blast furnace is strengthened.Humidity reduces 1g/m3 and is equivalent to improve 9 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome, can reduce atmospheric moisture 10-15g/m3 by dehumidification treatments, and blast furnace coke ratio reduces about 10-15kg/t;
3. reduce the sack cleaner cost, improve efficiency of dust collection, prolong the fly-ash separator life-span;
4. adopt complete freezing dehumidification mode, air blast density improves, and is equivalent to increase the blast furnace blast amount, and the wind-warm syndrome that blasts wind is at 6-9 ℃, when free air temperature during 30 ℃ of left and right sides, the density that blasts wind is improved, and this raising is equivalent to increase about 9% air quantity;
5. facility investment is little, and floor space is little, and working cost is low.
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that present device constitutes the process flow sheet of holding concurrently;
Fig. 2 is pre-cooled and cooling and dehumidifying technical process and a setting drawing more of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger of the pre-cooled employing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the present invention cools off the very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler of employing again;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that the flue gas of the waste-heat recovery device of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus of the present invention moves towards synoptic diagram;
Fig. 7 be residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus of the present invention waste-heat recovery device the low temperature heat-absorbing medium move towards synoptic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the E-E sectional view of Fig. 6.
Description of reference numerals:
1. air filter; 2. very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger; 3. very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler; 4. unit cooler; 5. intake air pipeline; 6. electric motor; 7. wheel box; 8. blast furnace blowing engine; 9. anti-surge valve; 10. vacuum breaker; 11. discharge line valve; 12. hotblast stove; 13. blast furnace; 14. residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus; 15. reducing valve group; 16. gas-holder; 17. electric butterfly valve; 18. quick by-pass valve; 19. turbo-expander; 20. generator; 21. initiator; 22. sound damper; 31. heat pipe condenser section; 32. heat pipe adiabatic section; 33. heat pipe evaporator section; 34. the wet air before the precooling; 35. the low wet air before the preheating; 36. wet air after the precooling; 37. refrigerated water; 141. very fast super heat-conductive pipe; 142. gas bag; 143. top box; 144. raising middle flask; 145. filter bag; 146. nowel; 147. ash discharging hole; 148. support; 149. adiabatic insulation; 150. venting port.
Embodiment
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the import wet air at first enters air filter 1, enter pre-cold junction after coming out as the very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger 2 of pre-cooled device, the very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler 3 that the wet air of process precooling enters as Aftercooling device cools off, water vapor in the wet air is condensed in very fast heat pipe cooler 3 and separates out, air themperature has been improved in the pre-hot junction of the very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger 2 of the air admission after the dehumidifying.Then through entering blast furnace blowing engine 8 after sound damper 22 noise reductions, gas blower 8 is sent air into very fast heat pipe waste heat recovery and dust removal integrated plant 14, in residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus 14, air and blast furnace 13 stock gases carry out heat exchange, thereby air obtains preheating temperature to raise, and enters hotblast stove 12 at last.
Unit cooler 4 provides low-temperature receiver for very fast heat pipe cooler 3.If there is steam source at the scene, then unit cooler 4 can adopt the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, if on-the-spot no suitable heat source then can adopt compression type refrigeration unit.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger 2 of the present invention and very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler 3 are made of many heat pipes, and heat pipe is formed by connecting by condensation segment 31, adiabatic section 32 and evaporator section 33.Wet air at first passes through the evaporator section 33 of very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger 2, and by transversal flow evaporator section 33, wet air conducts heat to working medium in the heat pipe, working medium evaporation heat absorption, and wet air obtains precooling, and temperature reduces.At the condensation segment 31 of hot tube heat exchanger 2, working medium condensation heating in the air transversal flow condensation segment 31 after the dehumidifying, heat pipe.Air obtains preheating, and temperature raises.
In Fig. 4, the heat pipe evaporator section 33 of the wet air 36 transversal flow heat pipe coolers after the precooling, wet air conducts heat to working medium in the heat pipe, and working medium evaporation heat absorption when temperature is reduced under the wet air temperature of saturation, then has hydrogenesis to separate out, and has reached the purpose of dehumidifying.The condensation heat release that heat pipe cooler condensation segment 31 adopts refrigerated water 37 to draw working medium.
Referring to Fig. 5, residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus 14 integrated single unit systems of the present invention, comprise very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141, gas bag 142, top box 143, raising middle flask 144, nowel 146, ash discharging hole 147, filter bag 145 and support 148, top box 143 and nowel 1 45 are connected to the upper and lower ends of raising middle flask 144, filter bag 144 is installed in raising middle flask 144, and the bottom of nowel 146 is connected with ash discharging hole 147.Each part mentioned above all is loaded on and supports on 147.Very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141 is connected a side of top box 143, and the exhaust gases passes of very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141 is connected with an end of top box 143, at the place, adiabatic section corresponding to the middle part of very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141 adiabatic insulation 149 is housed.Be provided with gas bag 142 on the top of top box 143.
The working process of this cleaning apparatus 14 is: high temperature dust flue gas (arrow is the flow direction of flue gas among Fig. 5) at first enters the heat pipe 141 waste heat recovery parts of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus, flue gas by very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141 heat exchange with heat transferred heating recirculated water, oiler feed or boiler auxiliary combustion air or the like, after ash-laden gas after the reduction temperature enters the bag-type dusting part, enter filter bag 145 from top box 143 cards, dust is trapped in the internal surface of filter bag 145.Flue gas after being purified enters the cleaning chamber of filter bag chamber, and the venting port 150 that is pooled to the bottom is discharged.This device is used for the preheating of hotblast stove air blast, by air blast and the heat exchange of top gas in very fast super heat-conductive pipe waste-heat recovery device 141 before the hotblast stove, improves blast furnace blast temperature before the hotblast stove more than 200 ℃.
Referring to Fig. 6, the flue gas that is the waste heat recovery part of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus 14 of the present invention moves towards synoptic diagram, the evaporator section heat release of the very fast super heat-conductive pipe 141 of high temperature dust flue gas (arrow A among the figure) transversal flow, dedusting flue gas after the heat release (arrow B among the figure) is sent into the device dust removal part.
Fig. 7 be residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus 14 of the present invention waste heat recovery part the low temperature heat-absorbing medium move towards synoptic diagram, low temperature heat-absorbing medium (arrow C among the figure, as oiler feed, heating recirculated water, boiler auxiliary combustion air or the like) condensation segment of transversal flow super heat-conductive pipe 141, the medium (in figure arrow D) of absorption after from the heat of heat pipe 141 condensation segments, temperature raises.
Fig. 8 is that the flue gas and the heat-absorbing medium of the waste heat recovery part of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus of the present invention moves towards synoptic diagram, ((C → D) is orthogonal in top plan view to arrow A → B) flow to the low temperature heat-absorbing medium for flue gas trend, being the low temperature heat-absorbing medium enters super heat-conductive pipe 141 from the vertical direction of flue gas flow direction, is heated by super heat-conductive pipe.
Claims (6)
1, the energy-efficient method for dust removal of a kind of iron-smelting blast furnace is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) pre-cooled: as at first will to enter gas blower wet air before and carry out pre-cooled;
(2) cooling again: will cool off again through the wet air after pre-cooled then, the wet air temperature is lowered to water vapor when dividing the temperature of saturation of air pressure correspondence following, moisture content in the wet air is curding out then, will send into blast furnace by described gas blower through cooled air more subsequently;
(3) waste heat recovery: the flue gas that described blast furnace is discharged is also lowered the temperature through heat exchanger recovery part waste heat, the waste heat that reclaims can be used for preheating through described cooled again air, the air themperature that enters hotblast stove like this improves, improve Combustion of Hot Air Furnace temperature and hotblast stove efficient, reduced blast furnace coke ratio;
(4) bag-type dusting: the flue gas that the blast furnace after the process waste heat recovery cooling is discharged enters exhaust dust device with bag and carries out dedusting, because the temperature of flue gas reduces, the end, compared in the filtrate requirement of sack cleaner, improved efficiency of dust collection, the fly-ash separator cost reduces, and has prolonged the cloth bag life-span.
2, the energy-efficient method for dust removal of iron-smelting blast furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: deliver to user's gas-holder after reducing pressure by the reducing valve group through the blast furnace flue gas part after the cooling dedusting, another part blast furnace gas is sent into the turbo-expander expansion working, drives generator for electricity generation.
3, a kind of equipment of implementing claim 1 or the energy-efficient method for dust removal of 2 described iron-smelting blast furnaces, it is characterized in that: comprise pre-cooled device, Aftercooling device, hotblast stove and residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus, pre-cooled device, Aftercooling device and hotblast stove are linked in sequence successively by pipeline, and the outlet of hotblast stove is connected with the blast inlet of blast furnace; The venting port of blast furnace is connected with the inlet of residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus.
4, the energy-efficient dust removal installation of iron-smelting blast furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described pre-cooled device adopts very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger, its pre-cold junction is connected with the wet air that enters before the gas blower, and its pre-hot junction is connected with the output terminal of Aftercooling device; This pre-cooled device is used for the preheating of air after the pre-cold-peace dehumidifying of wet air, by the air heat exchange in very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger after wet air before dehumidifying and the dehumidifying, reach the purpose of the preheating of air after the pre-cold-peace dehumidifying of wet air, adopt super heat-conductive pipe to make; Described Aftercooling device adopts very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler: its input terminus is connected with the output terminal of the pre-cold junction of described pre-cooled device, and the output terminal of this Aftercooling device is connected with the air intake vent of gas blower through behind the pre-hot junction of described pre-cooled device and the hotblast stove; The cooling and dehumidifying that is used for the blast furnace blast wet air, the heat exchange of refrigerated water in very fast super heat-conductive pipe water cooler by wet air and unit cooler production, the wet air temperature is reduced to its uniform pressure with below the corresponding temperature of saturation of water capacity, reach the purpose of wet air dehumidifying, adopt super heat-conductive pipe to make; Described residual heat recovery type cleaning apparatus comprises: the inlet at exhaust dust device with bag is connected with waste-heat recovery device, this waste-heat recovery device adopts very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger, its colling end is connected on blast furnace furnace roof fume emission passage, is used to reduce the temperature of flue gas; The pre-hot junction of this very fast super heat-conductive pipe interchanger is connected between described gas blower and the hotblast stove, is used for the preheating to blast furnace blast.
5, the energy-efficient dust removal installation of iron-smelting blast furnace according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the integrated single unit system of described waste-heat recovery device and exhaust dust device with bag, waste heat recovery and dedusting can be finished in a device.
6, the energy-efficient dust removal installation of iron-smelting blast furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described Aftercooling device adopts the refrigerated water of lithium bromide refrigerating unit or the production of compression refrigeration unit to cool off, or adopts interchanger wet air to be carried out directly freezing by water coolant; At the scene that steam source is arranged, should adopt the lithium bromide refrigerating unit, there is not suitable steam source, then adopt compression type refrigeration unit.
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101644507A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-02-10 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Process gas cooling system |
CN102250650A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2011-11-23 | 南通海鹰机电集团有限公司 | Temperature-constant blast furnace and converter coal gas purifying system |
CN102367497A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-03-07 | 杭州哲达科技股份有限公司 | Blast furnace blowing energy-saving and efficiency-enhancing integration technology |
CN102382914A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 成都中冶节能环保工程有限公司 | Blast furnace superconducting cooling and waste heat power generation system |
CN102538491A (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2012-07-04 | 首钢总公司 | System and method utilizing flue duct waste gas of hot air furnace to bake and preheat charging of blast furnace |
CN103060496A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-04-24 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method and system suitable for recovering waste heat of blast furnace slag flushing water |
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CN111690784A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace fuel compensation and H in blast furnace gas2Method for quantifying content |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101644507A (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2010-02-10 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Process gas cooling system |
TWI497017B (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2015-08-21 | Wurth Paul Sa | Energy recovery from gases in a blast furnace plant |
CN102250650A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2011-11-23 | 南通海鹰机电集团有限公司 | Temperature-constant blast furnace and converter coal gas purifying system |
CN102382914A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-03-21 | 成都中冶节能环保工程有限公司 | Blast furnace superconducting cooling and waste heat power generation system |
CN102367497A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2012-03-07 | 杭州哲达科技股份有限公司 | Blast furnace blowing energy-saving and efficiency-enhancing integration technology |
CN102538491A (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2012-07-04 | 首钢总公司 | System and method utilizing flue duct waste gas of hot air furnace to bake and preheat charging of blast furnace |
CN102538491B (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2013-10-30 | 首钢总公司 | System and method utilizing flue duct waste gas of hot air furnace to bake and preheat charging of blast furnace |
CN103060496A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-04-24 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method and system suitable for recovering waste heat of blast furnace slag flushing water |
CN111690784A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-22 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Blast furnace fuel compensation and H in blast furnace gas2Method for quantifying content |
CN112831622A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace gas cooling and dechlorinating system and method |
CN112831621A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Blast furnace gas cooling system and cooling control method |
CN112853015A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-28 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-efficiency cooling system and method for blast furnace gas |
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