CN104748564A - Submerged arc furnace flue gas waste heat gradient utilization and energy-saving dust removal method - Google Patents
Submerged arc furnace flue gas waste heat gradient utilization and energy-saving dust removal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104748564A CN104748564A CN201410010861.8A CN201410010861A CN104748564A CN 104748564 A CN104748564 A CN 104748564A CN 201410010861 A CN201410010861 A CN 201410010861A CN 104748564 A CN104748564 A CN 104748564A
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Abstract
Disclosed is a submerged arc furnace flue gas waste heat gradient utilization and energy-saving dust removal method. The method is characterized in that submerged arc furnace flue gas is exhausted out of a furnace, and mixed with cold air through a water cooling flue, the flue gas enters a settling chamber after carbon monoxide gas is combusted, enters a heat storage temperature equilibrium device and then enters a high-temperature heat pipe evaporator, the flue gas enters a sinter plate dust removal device after heat exchange, the flue gas enters a flow equilibrium heat storage chamber after dust removal, the flue gas is pressed into an exhaust barrel by a main fan to be exhausted to the air, meanwhile, circulating water absorbs heat of the flue from a heat exchanger, a steam and water mixture is formed to enter the evaporator, heat and organic working medium liquid are released, heat of a flue gas waste heat carrier is absorbed in a low-pressure evaporator, an intermediate-pressure evaporator and a high-pressure evaporator and changed into working medium steam, expansion acting is carried out in an organic turbine with a steam supplementary opening, a generator is driven to generate power, and R413a is adopted as circulating organic working media. According to the method, heat energy in the flue gas can be recycled to be converted into high-grade electric energy to the maximum extent, the dust removal capacity can be improved, and the good environment protection effect is achieved.
Description
Art
The present invention relates to that a kind of mineral heating furnace flue is exhaust heat stepped utilizes energy-saving dedusting method, can the thermal energy to greatest extent in recovered flue gas be specifically high-grade electric energy, can dust collection capacity be improved again, belong to mineral heating furnace flue UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and dedusting technology field.
Background technology
Mineral heating furnace flue temperature is very high, and after trapping, enter the temperature of pipeline generally at about 700 DEG C, dust concentration reaches 15g/Nm
3, the ash being less than 5um accounts for more than 90% of dust total amount, and Dust Capacity is large, and sticky and thin.Usually the method for first heat exchange cooling (heat exchange cooling method has: mechanical cooler heat exchange, misting cooling heat exchange etc.) dedusting is afterwards adopted at present.There is shortcomings in said method:
1, dedusting after mechanical cooler heat exchange: cooling-down effect is poor, and input gas temperature should not be greater than 450 DEG C, and cooling is limited in scope, machine cooler tube wall is stifled ash easily, and cause burning cloth bag, system cannot normally be run.
2, dedusting after misting cooling heat exchange: the content increasing water in flue gas, not only makes cloth bag harden, also easily cause water and dust bonding, cause system equipment to block.
Due to above shortcoming, many ash-blowing methods are adopted: as shock-wave ash blowing, steam soot blowing, fall ball deashing etc. in engineering, but glue because dust is thin, and Dust Capacity is large, often produce 1 ton of steel and will produce 35kg dust, these purge modes produce little effect, and cannot fundamentally solve dust stratification, blockage problem.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the invention provides that mineral heating furnace flue is exhaust heat stepped utilizes energy-saving dedusting method, can not only the thermal energy to greatest extent in recovered flue gas be high-grade electric energy by the method, drag dedusting fan, the exhaust temperature of flue gas can be reduced, the environment protecting reached simultaneously, and not affect the stable and continuous of mineral hot furnace production, good dust removing effects can also be obtained, the dust concentration 3mg/Nm of discharge
3.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
Mineral heating furnace flue is exhaust heat stepped utilizes energy-saving dedusting method, it is characterized in that: mineral heating furnace flue of the present invention is discharged by stove, cold wind is mixed into through water-cooled flue, combustion settling chamber is entered after combusting carbon monoxide gas, the effect of combustion settling chamber is: reduce flue gas flow rate, make the big dust particle sedimentation of carrying in flue gas, and be suitably mixed into cold wind, finally burn CO gas, thermal storage temperature equalizer is entered by combustion settling chamber flue gas out, described thermal storage temperature equalizer comprises carbon-silicon composite material heat storage, shock-wave ash-clearing device and ash bucket, described shock-wave ash-clearing device step-by-step arrangement is between carbon-silicon composite material heat storage, by carbon-silicon composite material heat storage in thermal storage temperature equalizer to after the heat-accumulating and temperature-equalizing effect of high-temperature flue gas, flue gas enters high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter, water in steam drum produces steam and enters steam drum absorb high-temperature flue gas waste heat in high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter after, steam in steam drum enters steam accumulator by pipeline, outer for stable after regulating, continuously, parameter meets the steam of user's requirement for generating, high-temperature flue gas is after high-temperature heat pipe evaporator heat exchange, flue-gas temperature fluctuating range can greatly reduce, also reduce the peak value of flue-gas temperature simultaneously, become middle low-temperature flue gas, enter sinter-plate precipitator again, dust concentration 3mg/Nm after dedusting
3, then enter in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator, flue gas releases heat, temperature is down to 80 DEG C, be pressed into aiutage by main air blower and enter air, simultaneously, recirculated water is driven by heat exchanger feed pump, enter the heat absorbing flue gas in the compressing heat exchanger of stainless sheet steel be installed in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator, form steam water interface, the temperature of steam water interface 170 DEG C, steam water interface Natural Circulation try hard to recommend dynamic under enter in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter and release heat, temperature is down to 112 DEG C, then enter in medium pressure grade evaporimeter and release heat, water temperature is down to 82 DEG C, enter again in low-pressure stage evaporimeter and release heat, water temperature is down to 52 DEG C, become water at low temperature, water at low temperature flows into circulating water pool, start new round circulation, simultaneously, through the organic working medium liquid of condensation, . through the driving of low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump, in low-pressure stage evaporimeter, first absorb the heat of waste heat carrier, become low-pressure stage working substance steam, one tunnel enters the low pressure filling mouth of the organic turbine of band filling mouth through pipeline, another road is after the pressurization of medium pressure grade working medium force (forcing) pump, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in medium pressure grade evaporimeter, become medium pressure grade working substance steam, one tunnel enters in the organic turbine of band filling mouth through pipeline and presses filling mouth, another road is after the pressurization of hiigh pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter, become hiigh pressure stage working substance steam, the high-pressure admission cylinder of the organic turbine of band filling mouth is entered through pipeline, working substance steam is expansion work in the organic turbine of band filling mouth, and drive threephase generator to generate electricity, the electric energy that system sends is three-phase alternating current, rated voltage is 380V, electrical network in factory is incorporated to after caning be passed through pressure regulation, or directly give electrical equipment use, the working substance steam of discharging from the organic turbine of band filling mouth is condensed into saturated liquid by shell-and-tube cooler, enter fluid reservoir, fluid reservoir can guarantee low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump continuous pressure, send in low-pressure stage evaporimeter after worker quality liquid being pressurizeed by low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump again, start new round circulation, from shell-and-tube cooler recirculated water out, cooled by lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, the temperature of cooling water is down to 10 ~ 15 DEG C, meet working substance steam and be condensed into the requirement of saturated liquid to cooling water, send in shell-and-tube cooler through water circulating pump, start new round circulation.
It is further characterized in that: adopt R413a to be circulation organic working medium.
Because mineral heating furnace flue temperature fluctuation is violent, flue-gas temperature peak value is high, when flue gas is after high-temperature heat pipe evaporator heat exchange of the present invention, flue-gas temperature fluctuating range can greatly reduce, also reduce the peak value of flue-gas temperature simultaneously, flue gas becomes middle low-temperature flue gas from high temperature, enter middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator, through the compressing heat exchanger heat exchange of stainless sheet steel, reclaimed the waste heat of low-temperature flue gas in mineral hot furnace again by the cogeneration of multistage evaporation organic Rankine bottoming cycle, realize the exhaust heat stepped utilization of mineral heating furnace flue.
The present invention and single-stage list press the maximum difference of organic Rankine bottoming cycle to be, the present invention adopts the measure of multistage evaporation in the high, medium and low evaporimeter of organic working medium, utilize the low-temperature zone (import 82 DEG C of hot water, export 52 DEG C) heating working medium generation low pressure working fluid steam, enter the low pressure filling mouth expansion work of organic turbine; Press working substance steam in utilizing the middle-temperature section of hot water (import 112 DEG C exports 82 DEG C) heating working medium to produce, enter the middle pressure filling mouth expansion work of organic turbine; Utilize high temperature section (import 170 DEG C the exports 112 DEG C) heating working medium of saturated vapor to produce high-pressure working medium steam, enter the high pressure cylinder expansion acting of organic turbine; Realize residual heat stream to heat the step dividing potential drop of organic working medium, in heating surface at different levels, so just decrease the lack of uniformity of the heat transfer temperature difference between residual heat stream and working medium, reduce the entropy increasing because different transfer of heat irreversible loss brings, the comparable single-stage evaporation organic Rankine bottoming cycle of its thermal efficiency improves 22 ~ 27%, reduce the exhaust temperature of flue gas, decrease thermal pollution, the environmental requirement reached.
Adopt device for generating power by waste heat after first dedusting, namely first high ash-laden gas is entered sinter-plate precipitator purification, the dust concentration after purification is down to 3mg/Nm
3become clean flue gas, do not need the problem such as blocking, deashing processing dust.
After waste heat power generation equipment of the present invention is placed on sinter-plate precipitator, thermal source dust content is low, therefore can be very little by the heat exchange core cell spacing of fin design in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator; And ash, deashing, defeated grey facility need not be unloaded; Volume reduces, and maintenance reduces simultaneously, and also extend the service life of the compressing heat exchanger of stainless sheet steel, dust emission concentration is lower.
Compared with the prior art the present invention has the following advantages:
1. thermal storage temperature equalizer to flue-gas temperature peak load shifting, can reduce the maximum temperature of flue gas, reduces the fluctuating range of flue-gas temperature, alleviate the rapid drawdown that rises sharply of flue-gas temperature, solve problem of expanding with heat and contract with cold;
2. adopt high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter to reclaim the waste heat of mineral hot furnace high-temperature flue gas, the cogeneration of multistage evaporation organic Rankine bottoming cycle to reclaim the waste heat of low-temperature flue gas in mineral hot furnace, realize the exhaust heat stepped utilization of mineral heating furnace flue;
3. cooled by lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, the temperature of cooling water is down to 10 ~ 15 DEG C, meets working substance steam and is condensed into the requirement of saturated liquid to cooling water;
4. the compressing heat exchanger of stainless sheet steel not dust stratification, does not block;
5. improve device for generating power by waste heat efficiency;
6. reduce device for generating power by waste heat investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 realizes process chart of the present invention.
In figure: 1. mineral hot furnace, 2. water-cooled flue, 3. combustion settling chamber, 4. thermal storage temperature equalizer, 5. carbon-silicon composite material heat storage, 6. shock-wave ash-clearing device, 7. ash bucket, 8. high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter, 9. steam drum, 10. steam accumulator, 11. sinter-plate precipitators, low temperature current-sharing regenerator in 12., the compressing heat exchanger of 13. stainless sheet steel, 14. main air blowers, 15. aiutages, 16. heat exchanger feed pumps, 17. circulating water pools, 18. low-pressure stage evaporimeters, 19. medium pressure grade evaporimeters, 20. hiigh pressure stage evaporimeters, 21. low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pumps, 22. medium pressure grade working medium force (forcing) pumps, 23. hiigh pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pumps, 24. fluid reservoirs, the organic turbine of 25. band filling mouth, 26. threephase generators, 27. water circulating pumps, 28. shell-and-tube coolers, 29. lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machines.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1: the exhaust heat stepped energy-saving dedusting method step that utilizes of mineral heating furnace flue of the present invention is as follows:
35000KVA mineral hot furnace 1 flue gas flow 32 × 10
4nm
3/ h, temperature 1250 DEG C, dust content 18g/Nm
3discharged by the 4th hole, be mixed into cold wind through water-cooled flue 2, after combusting carbon monoxide gas, enter combustion settling chamber 3, the effect of combustion settling chamber 3 is: reduce flue gas flow rate, make the big dust particle sedimentation of carrying in flue gas, and be suitably mixed into cold wind, finally burn CO gas, thermal storage temperature equalizer 4 is entered by combustion settling chamber 3 flue gas out, described thermal storage temperature equalizer 4 comprises carbon-silicon composite material heat storage 5, shock-wave ash-clearing device 6 and ash bucket 7, described shock-wave ash-clearing device 6 step-by-step arrangement is between carbon-silicon composite material heat storage 5, after heat-accumulating and temperature-equalizing effect by carbon-silicon composite material heat storage 5 pairs of high-temperature flue gas in thermal storage temperature equalizer 4, flue gas enters high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter 8, water in steam drum 9 produces steam and enters steam drum 9 absorb high-temperature flue gas waste heat in high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter 8 after, steam in steam drum 9 enters steam accumulator 10 by pipeline, outer for stable after regulating, continuously, parameter meets the steam of user's requirement for generating.High-temperature flue gas is after high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter 8 heat exchange, and flue-gas temperature fluctuating range can greatly reduce, and also reduces the peak value of flue-gas temperature simultaneously, becomes middle low-temperature flue gas, then enters sinter-plate precipitator 11, dust concentration 3mg/Nm after dedusting
3, then enter in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator 12, flue gas releases heat, and temperature is down to 80 DEG C, is pressed into aiutage 15 enters air by main air blower 14.Simultaneously, recirculated water is driven by heat exchanger feed pump 16, enter the heat absorbing flue gas in the compressing heat exchanger 13 of stainless sheet steel be installed in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator 12, form steam water interface, the temperature of steam water interface 170 DEG C, steam water interface Natural Circulation try hard to recommend dynamic under enter in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter 20 and release heat, temperature is down to 112 DEG C, then enter in medium pressure grade evaporimeter 19 and release heat, water temperature is down to 82 DEG C, enter again in low-pressure stage evaporimeter 18 and release heat, water temperature is down to 52 DEG C, become water at low temperature, water at low temperature flows into circulating water pool 17, start new round circulation, simultaneously, through the organic working medium liquid of condensation, through the driving of low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump 21, in low-pressure stage evaporimeter 18, first absorb the heat of waste heat carrier, become low-pressure stage working substance steam, one tunnel enters the low pressure filling mouth of the organic turbine 25 of band filling mouth through pipeline, another road is after the pressurization of medium pressure grade working medium force (forcing) pump 22, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in medium pressure grade evaporimeter 19, become medium pressure grade working substance steam, one tunnel enters in the organic turbine 25 of band filling mouth through pipeline and presses filling mouth, another road is after the pressurization of hiigh pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump 23, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter 20, become hiigh pressure stage working substance steam, the high-pressure admission cylinder of the organic turbine 25 of band filling mouth is entered through pipeline, working substance steam is expansion work in the organic turbine 25 of band filling mouth, and drive threephase generator 26 to generate electricity, the electric energy that system sends is three-phase alternating current, rated voltage is 380V, electrical network in factory is incorporated to after caning be passed through pressure regulation, or directly give electrical equipment use, the working substance steam of discharging from the organic turbine 25 of band filling mouth is condensed into saturated liquid by shell-and-tube cooler 28, enter fluid reservoir 24, fluid reservoir 24 can guarantee low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump 21 continuous pressure, send in low-pressure stage evaporimeter 18 after worker quality liquid being pressurizeed by low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump 21 again, start new round circulation, from shell-and-tube cooler 28 recirculated water out, cooled by lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine 29, the temperature of cooling water is down to 10 ~ 15 DEG C, meet working substance steam and be condensed into the requirement of saturated liquid to cooling water, send in shell-and-tube cooler 28 through water circulating pump 27, start new round circulation.
Described low boiling working fluid is R413a, three grades of evaporations, low-pressure stage evaporating pressure is 0.281MPa, medium pressure grade evaporating pressure is 0.474MPa, hiigh pressure stage evaporating pressure is 1.186MPa, and when the power pressure after expansion work is 0.278MPa, system electromotive power output is 3000KW, Rankine cycle efficiency is 25.88%, and the flue-gas temperature that system is discharged is 80 DEG C.
Maximum feature of the present invention be adopt high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter to reclaim mineral hot furnace high-temperature flue gas waste heat for generating steam generating, adopt first dedusting again after the cogeneration of multistage evaporation organic Rankine bottoming cycle to reclaim the waste heat of low-temperature flue gas in mineral hot furnace, realize the exhaust heat stepped utilization of mineral hot furnace height ash-laden gas.For the waste heat recovery of 35000KVA mineral hot furnace and dust collecting process, the inventive method compares with conventional method, is described as follows:
Note: work per year and calculate for 330th.
As can be seen here, the inventive method can realize the exhaust heat stepped utilization of mineral heating furnace flue, the thermal energy reclaimed in mineral heating furnace flue is high-grade electric energy to greatest extent, the comparable single-stage evaporation organic Rankine bottoming cycle of its thermal efficiency improves 22 ~ 27%, the compressing heat exchanger of stainless sheet steel need not unload ash, deashing, defeated grey facility, extend the service life of equipment, the exhaust temperature of flue gas can be reduced, do not affect the stable and continuous of mineral hot furnace production, the environment protecting that can also obtain, the dust concentration 3mg/Nm of discharge
3, plant investment is low, operation energy consumption is low.
Claims (2)
1. mineral heating furnace flue is exhaust heat stepped utilizes energy-saving dedusting method, it is characterized in that: mineral heating furnace flue of the present invention is discharged by stove, cold wind is mixed into through water-cooled flue, combustion settling chamber is entered after combusting carbon monoxide gas, the effect of combustion settling chamber is: reduce flue gas flow rate, make the big dust particle sedimentation of carrying in flue gas, and be suitably mixed into cold wind, finally burn CO gas, thermal storage temperature equalizer is entered by combustion settling chamber flue gas out, described thermal storage temperature equalizer comprises carbon-silicon composite material heat storage, shock-wave ash-clearing device and ash bucket, described shock-wave ash-clearing device step-by-step arrangement is between carbon-silicon composite material heat storage, by carbon-silicon composite material heat storage in thermal storage temperature equalizer to after the heat-accumulating and temperature-equalizing effect of high-temperature flue gas, flue gas enters high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter, water in steam drum produces steam and enters steam drum absorb high-temperature flue gas waste heat in high-temperature heat pipe evaporimeter after, steam in steam drum enters steam accumulator by pipeline, outer for stable after regulating, continuously, parameter meets the steam of user's requirement for generating, high-temperature flue gas is after high-temperature heat pipe evaporator heat exchange, flue-gas temperature fluctuating range can greatly reduce, also reduce the peak value of flue-gas temperature simultaneously, become middle low-temperature flue gas, enter sinter-plate precipitator again, dust concentration 3mg/Nm after dedusting
3, then enter in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator, flue gas releases heat, temperature is down to 80 DEG C, be pressed into aiutage by main air blower and enter air, simultaneously, recirculated water is driven by heat exchanger feed pump, enter the heat absorbing flue gas in the compressing heat exchanger of stainless sheet steel be installed in middle low temperature current-sharing regenerator, form steam water interface, the temperature of steam water interface 170 DEG C, steam water interface Natural Circulation try hard to recommend dynamic under enter in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter and release heat, temperature is down to 112 DEG C, then enter in medium pressure grade evaporimeter and release heat, water temperature is down to 82 DEG C, enter again in low-pressure stage evaporimeter and release heat, water temperature is down to 52 DEG C, become water at low temperature, water at low temperature flows into circulating water pool, start new round circulation, simultaneously, through the organic working medium liquid of condensation, through the driving of low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump, in low-pressure stage evaporimeter, first absorb the heat of waste heat carrier, become low-pressure stage working substance steam, one tunnel enters the low pressure filling mouth of the organic turbine of band filling mouth through pipeline, another road is after the pressurization of medium pressure grade working medium force (forcing) pump, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in medium pressure grade evaporimeter, become medium pressure grade working substance steam, one tunnel enters in the organic turbine of band filling mouth through pipeline and presses filling mouth, another road is after the pressurization of hiigh pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump, enter the heat absorbing waste heat carrier in hiigh pressure stage evaporimeter, become hiigh pressure stage working substance steam, the high-pressure admission cylinder of the organic turbine of band filling mouth is entered through pipeline, working substance steam is expansion work in the organic turbine of band filling mouth, and drive threephase generator to generate electricity, the electric energy that system sends is three-phase alternating current, rated voltage is 380V, electrical network in factory is incorporated to after caning be passed through pressure regulation, or directly give electrical equipment use, the working substance steam of discharging from the organic turbine of band filling mouth is condensed into saturated liquid by shell-and-tube cooler, enter fluid reservoir, fluid reservoir can guarantee low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump continuous pressure, send in low-pressure stage evaporimeter after worker quality liquid being pressurizeed by low-pressure stage working medium force (forcing) pump again, start new round circulation, from shell-and-tube cooler recirculated water out, cooled by lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine, the temperature of cooling water is down to 10 ~ 15 DEG C, meet working substance steam and be condensed into the requirement of saturated liquid to cooling water, send in shell-and-tube cooler through water circulating pump, start new round circulation.
2. mineral heating furnace flue according to claim 1 is exhaust heat stepped utilizes energy-saving dedusting method, it is characterized in that: adopt R413a to be circulation organic working medium.
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CN116379789A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏大学 | Spodumene lithium extraction waste heat recovery process and waste heat recovery device based on heat energy storage |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116379789A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏大学 | Spodumene lithium extraction waste heat recovery process and waste heat recovery device based on heat energy storage |
CN116379789B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏大学 | Spodumene lithium extraction waste heat recovery process and waste heat recovery device based on heat energy storage |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |