CN101074179A

CN101074179A - Special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN101074179A
Application number: CN 200710055806
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏忠民; 赵红艳; 兰亚乾
Original assignee: Northeast Normal University
Current assignee: Northeast Normal University
Priority date: 2007-06-28
Filing date: 2007-06-28
Publication date: 2007-11-21
Anticipated expiration: 2027-06-28
Also published as: CN101074179B

Abstract

A special ginseng composite fertilizer and its production are disclosed. The process is carried out by complexing humus acid with urea to form long-lasting urea as controlled-release fertilizer, adding into caustic potash while dissolving under basic condition and adding into phosphate fertilizer, magnesium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer and drought-resisting agent. It can supply ginseng and microbial pool with nutrients, improve ginseng root development and increase its quality and pest-resistance. It's efficient, simple, stable, convenient and cheap.

Description

Special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer

Technical field

The invention belongs to mixed fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Fertilizer occupies critical role in the middle of China's food safety and Sustainable development.Special-purpose fertilizer is to formulate according to concrete edatope and concrete crop varieties, and it has very strong specific aim and regionality, and the waste that can avoid fertilizer to use is with the obvious advantage in the middle of the fertilizer development in future.

Genseng is perennial medicinal plant, has been widely used in the health care aspect.Genseng is in process of growth for many years, and is more to nutritional needs, and particularly potash fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and middle trace element so cultivated the soil of genseng, if do not put in order ground, are cultivated fertility, are difficult to be directly used in other purposes again; And genseng also can various problems occur because of lacking nutrition in process of growth.Putting before this, the genseng dedicated fertilizer arises at the historic moment, and it can not only guarantee the high-quality growth of genseng, also helps the soil improvement on ginseng ground, makes it can continue to play a role efficiently

Perennial genseng is different in the needed nutrition of the different steps of its growth.Genseng is low early stage to the demand of nitrogenous fertilizer, and demand was big when opened up leaf mid-term, and the root expanding stage seldom; Demand to phosphorus only is 1/4 ~ 1/6 of a nitrogenous fertilizer; Demand to potash fertilizer is maximum, even has surpassed nitrogenous fertilizer.Except nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, the genseng growing period also needs amount and trace element in calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, the boron etc.

At present, China is aspect the fertilising of ginseng class, tested single fertilizer and composite fertilizers thereof such as macroelement nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, but also tested little fertilizer, rare earth, biological organic fertilizer, foliage fertilizer and plant-growth regulator to the influence of genseng and in ginseng result of use on the ground.Above-mentioned studies show that singly executed inorganic fertilizer or its composite fertilizer's effect is not very desirable, should many organic fertilizers or composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.Be also noted that base manure and topdressing combines, rhizosphere fertilizer and foliage fertilizer combine.

Few about the disclosed kind of the dedicated fertilizer of genseng, mainly concentrate on various bio-fertilizers aspect.For example: the novel genseng compound fertilizer that Jilin Province Ji'an City genseng institute develops is a kind of fertilizer that is exclusively used in genseng, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii production, it is to be main moiety with biological bacteria, the auxilliary compound fertilizer that contains multiple genseng growth such as N, P, K, Ca, Ng desired nutritional element.

Sun Yu very waits the biological composite bacterial manure for ginseng of invention, it is made by following raw materials by weight percent: fertilizer 26-39%, turfy soil powder 2.4-3.6%, rock phosphate powder 2%-3%, calcium magnesium rock phosphate powder 2%-3% part, dry hydrate 0.3-0.5%, mountain region probiotics soil 8-13.4%, EM proliferating liquid 1.3-3.2%, wealthy leaf powder 6.4-9.6%, plant ash 0.4-0.6%, water 32-48%.

The special-purpose fertile good growth for genseng of above-mentioned genseng provides certain nutrient condition.But the production of bio-bacterial manure, storage and use are all very strict, if handle badly, are easy to bring to the disadvantageous pernicious bacteria of genseng; Perhaps the storage time long, lost the activity of bio-fertilizer.This has not only improved the cost of bio-fertilizer, and has limited the promotion and application of bio-fertilizer.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind ofly long-actingly quick-actingly combine, organic-inorganic combines, stable, efficient, full nutrition, genseng compound fertilizer special and preparation method thereof cheaply,

Be used to realize that the genseng compound fertilizer special of the object of the invention is according to the genseng growth characteristic, by a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer that long-acting carbamide, potassium humate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer and drought resistance agent are mixed in proportion, granulation forms.

Genseng compound fertilizer special of the present invention needs a large amount of potash fertilizer and the characteristic of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer at genseng, in the process of preparation humic acids, adopt the mode of oxygenolysis complexing, together with humic acids and urea complexation, form long-acting carbamide, play the effect of slow-release fertilizer; The adding of potassium hydroxide guarantees the supply of potash fertilizer on the one hand, guarantees that on the other hand humic acid urea dissolves under alkaline condition; Auxilliary simultaneously essential phosphate fertilizer and calcareous fertilisers, fertiliser containing magnesium, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer and the drought resistance agent etc. of genseng that added.Concrete complete processing is as follows:

Raw material pulverizing: select peat or brown coal or the weathered coal of humic acids content more than 20%, first natural air drying is pulverized with pulverizer then, removes silt by the 2mm sieve aperture again; The drought-resistant and fertilizer agent of potassium hydroxide, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, Northeast Normal University's development is that the biodegradable super absorbent resin (is seen " with the one-step method for synthesizing of Semen Maydis powder direct production biodegradable super absorbent resin " patent No.: 03127061), be crushed to 1 ~ 2mm, standby.

Oxygen is separated: get air-dry peat or brown coal or weathered coal 1000g, add nitric acid 1500 ~ 3000ml of 30%, stir, be heated to 50 ~ 70 ℃, reaction 25 ~ 30min filters, and obtains thick nitro humic acid.

Complexing: according to thick nitro humic acid: the part by weight of urea=1: 1 ~ 1.2, in filtrate, add urea, be heated to 70 ~ 85 ℃, reaction 1.5 ~ 2.5h makes the nitro humic acid urea complex.

Mix: according to following mass ratio, nitro humic acid urea complex 100g, add 5 ~ 10g fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, after the stirring, with potassium hydroxide the pH value of mixture is transferred to 7 ~ 8.5, is heated to 70 ~ 85 ℃ once more, add 0.01 ~ 0.02g borax, 0.01 ~ 0.05g zinc sulfate, 0.01 ~ 0.02g manganous sulfate and 0.05 ~ 0.1g drought resistance agent, continuously stirring mixes.

Granulation: mixture is carried out granulation 3 ~ 10min with slurry process.

Dry: at 70 ~ 120 ℃ of down dry 20 ~ 30min.

Screening: send the product below the 2mm back to blender, again granulation.

The specification of product is: circularity is at 1 ~ 3mm, and intensity is at 5 ~ 20N, and is moisture 1 ~ 10%.

Genseng compound fertilizer special of the present invention contains genseng grow needed a large amount of slow nitrogenous fertilizer and humic acids, potash fertilizer and middle trace element, is a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, also is that a kind of long-acting quick-acting gensengs that combine are special-purpose fertile.When this genseng dedicated fertilizer provides the indigenous flora nutrition on genseng and ginseng ground, can also promote the genseng root system development, promote precocity, improve genseng quality and diseases and insect pests resistance, and it can also increase soil with organic matter and crumb structure, delay the fertilizer efficiency of inorganic fertilizers such as urea, improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, realized the target that genseng fertilizer and soil improvement combine.Its comprehensive nutrition, efficient, stable, complete processing is simple, storage is easy to use, cost is low.Therefore the special-purpose fertilizer of genseng that contains humic acids can satisfy targets such as high yield, high-quality, pollution-free, low cost.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing is preparation technology's schema of genseng dedicated fertilizer

Embodiment

(being not limited only to following several)

Embodiment 1:

Take by weighing the following air-dry peat 1000g of the granularity 2mm of humic acids content more than 20%, the nitric acid 1500ml of adding 30% stirs, and is heated to 50 ℃, reaction 25min, filter, obtain thick nitro humic acid filtrate, according to thick nitro humic acid: the part by weight of urea=1: 1, in filtrate, add urea, be heated to 70 ℃, reacted 1.5 hours, make the nitro humic acid urea complex.According to following mass ratio: complex compound 100g, add fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8g, transfer pH to 7 with potassium hydroxide, be heated to 80 ℃ once more, add borax 0.01g, zinc sulfate 0.01g, manganous sulfate 0.01g then, drought resistance agent is that the biodegradable super absorbent resin is crushed to 1 ~ 2mm0.05g, mix granulation 3 minutes.Dry 20min under 70 ℃.

Embodiment 2:

Take by weighing the granularity 2mm of humic acids content more than 20% following air-dry brown coal 1000g, add 30% nitric acid 2000ml, stir, be heated to 60 ℃, reaction 30min filters, and obtains thick nitro humic acid filtrate, according to thick nitro humic acid: the part by weight of urea=1: 1, in filtrate, add urea, be heated to 80 ℃, reacted 2 hours, and made the nitro humic acid urea complex.According to following ratio: complex compound 100g, add fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 8g, transfer pH to 8.0 with potassium hydroxide, be heated to 80 ℃, add borax 0.03g, zinc sulfate 0.015g, manganous sulfate 0.015g, drought resistance agent 0.07g again, mix, granulation 7 minutes.Dry 25min under 110 ℃.

Embodiment 3:

Take by weighing the granularity 2mm of humic acids content more than 20% following air-dry weathered coal 1000g, the nitric acid 3000ml of adding 30% stirs, and is heated to 70 ℃, reaction 30min, filter, obtain thick nitro humic acid filtrate, according to thick nitro humic acid: the part by weight of urea=1: 2, in filtrate, add urea, be heated to 85 ℃, reacted 2.5 hours, make the nitro humic acid urea complex.According to following ratio: complex compound 100g, add fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 10g, transfer pH to 8.5 with potassium hydroxide, be heated to 85 ℃, add borax 0.02g, zinc sulfate 0.05g, manganous sulfate 0.02g, drought resistance agent 0.1g again, mix, deliver to tablets press, granulation 10 minutes.Dry 30min under 120 ℃.

Claims

1, the preparation method of special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer,, it is characterized in that concrete complete processing is as follows:

Raw material pulverizing: select peat or brown coal or the weathered coal of humic acids content more than 20%, first natural air drying is pulverized with pulverizer then, and silt is removed in screening; Potassium hydroxide, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, drought-resistant and fertilizer agent are crushed to 1 ~ 2mm for the biodegradable super absorbent resin, and be standby;

Oxygen is separated: get air-dry peat or brown coal or weathered coal 1000g, add nitric acid 1500 ~ 3000ml of 30%, stir, be heated to 50 ~ 70 ℃, reaction 25 ~ 30min filters, and obtains thick nitro humic acid;

Complexing: according to thick nitro humic acid: the part by weight of urea=1: 1 ~ 1.2, in filtrate, add urea, be heated to 70 ~ 85 ℃, reaction 1.5 ~ 2.5h makes the nitro humic acid urea complex;

Mix: according to following mass ratio, nitro humic acid urea complex 100g, add 5 ~ 10g fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, after the stirring, with potassium hydroxide the pH value of mixture is transferred to 7 ~ 8.5, is heated to 70 ~ 85 ℃ once more, add 0.01 ~ 0.02g borax, 0.01 ~ 0.05g zinc sulfate, 0.01 ~ 0.02g manganous sulfate and 0.05 ~ 0.1g drought resistance agent, continuously stirring mixes;

Dry: at 70 ~ 120 ℃ of down dry 20 ~ 30min.

2, by the preparation method of the special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: oxygen is separated, complexing, mixing later on again: granulation: mixture is carried out granulation 3 ~ 10min with slurry process; Dry: at 70 ~ 120 ℃ of down dry 20 ~ 30min; Screening: send the product below the 2mm back to blender, again granulation.

3, press the prepared special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer of preparation method of the described special Ginseng composite mixed fertilizer of claim 1.