CN101016532A - 一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了属于受污染土壤与水的生物降解处理技术领域的一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用。在污染的土壤中按质量比加入电子受体、硫化钠和BTEX混合物,密封静置3个月后在充满氮气的厌氧箱内按比例加入基础培养基、微量金属液和维生素c溶液的混合液,进行土壤驯化,在充满氮气的厌氧箱内按水、土的质量比向厌氧瓶内接入驯化的土壤,并且按质量比加入BTEX、加入电子受体、加入硫化钠。在温度为20±2℃、在旋转的振荡器中培养7~9天后,循环9次以上,即可得到去除BTEX的降解菌群。本方法能够驯化筛选到厌氧降解性能好的微生物菌群,对BTEX的降解速率范围为1.6~3.5mg·L-1·d-1。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于受污染土壤与水的生物降解处理技术领域,特别涉及一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用。
背景技术
苯系物主要包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯(benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,m-xylene,o-xylene,p-xylene,简称BTEX)的好氧生物降解是最快的。在文献1 Shinoda Y, Sakai Y,Uenishi H,et al.2004.Aerobic and Anaerobic Toluene Degradation by a NewlyIsolated DenitrifyingBacterium,Thauera sp. Strain DNT-1. Applied and environmentalmicrobiology,70(3):1385-1392”中报导,在好氧条件下苯系物可以完全矿化为C02,然而,地下含水层或污染土壤通常是厌氧状态,使污染带中的好氧微生物被厌氧微生物所替代,因此,BTEX的厌氧生物降解比好氧生物降解更加可行且经济有效。在文献2“Edwards E A and Grbic D.Complete mineralization ofbenzene by aquifer microorganisms under strictly anaerobic conditions.Appl Environ Microbiol,1992,58:2663-2666”中,在厌氧条件下也有将苯系物完全降解为CO2的报道,在四种BTEX污染物中苯是最难被厌氧降解,即使苯在特定驯化的条件下能够被降解,但其降解速率也十分缓慢。由于缺少高效的BTEX厌氧降解菌,制约了BTEX污染土壤及地下水厌氧生物修复技术的进一步发展和应用研究。因此,筛选出BTEX高效厌氧降解菌对于治理和修复BTEX污染土壤及地下水有重要的意义。
李小明,陈坚,伦世仪等在“环境科学与技术,2001,3:21~24”中的“降解对苯二甲酸厌氧微生物群快速驯化与富集技术”,是与本申请最为相关的技术,但是由于苯系物特别是苯和对二甲苯更难于被生物降解,同时由于苯系物的易于挥发,使得对苯二甲酸厌氧微生物群的驯化与富集技术无法适用于苯系物的厌氧降解微生物群的驯化筛选。同时,驯化的环境条件,驯化周期,及驯化的过程参数选定等都对驯化效果有密切的关系,这些都需要经过一系列的试验研究后才能确定出最佳范围。
发明内容
本发明的目的提供一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用。其具体步骤如下:
(1)选用受石油污染的土壤,按质量比为1~1.5∶1的比例加入去离子水,按质量比为150~200∶1的比例加入硫化钠,按质量比为2000~2500∶1的比例加入BTEX混合物,按质量比为100~150∶1的比例加入电子受体,混合均匀后密封静置时间大于3个月。
(2)在充满氮气的厌氧箱内向体积为50~200mL的厌氧瓶中按800∶5∶1的比例加入基础培养基、微量金属液和维生素c溶液,其中基础培养基的组成为:NH4Cl:1.0g·L-1,KH2PO4:1.0 g·L-1,MgCl2:0.1 g·L-1,CaCl2·2H2O:0.05 g·L-1;微量金属液的组成为:CoCl2·6H2O:30mg·L-1,CuCl2:0.15mg·L-1,H3BO3:5.7mg·L-1,MnCl2·4H2O:20mg·L-1,Na2MoO4·2H2O:2.5mg·L-1,NiCl2·2H2O:1.5mg·L-1,ZnCl2:2.1mg·L-1。
(3)在充满氮气的厌氧箱内按水土质量比为200~250∶1的比例向厌氧瓶内接入步骤(1)驯化的土壤,按体积比7500~8000∶1的比例加入BTEX,按质量比为25~30∶1的比例加入电子受体,按质量比为200~250∶1的比例加入硫化钠。
(4)将厌氧瓶在温度为20±2℃、转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养7~9天后,按接种体积比为200~250∶1的比例转入另一厌氧瓶内,当转接次数大于9之后即可获得去除BTEX的降解菌群。
所述电子受体为硝酸钠或硫酸钠或三氯化铁。
本发明的有益效果是所述的方法能够驯化筛选到厌氧降解性能好的微生物菌群,对BTEX的最大降解速率范围为1.6~3.5mg·L-1·d-1。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法及应用。在污染的土壤中按质量比加入水、硫化钠、硝酸钠和BTEX混合物,密封后进行土壤驯化。3个月后在充满氮气的厌氧箱内按水、土的质量比向按比例加入基础培养基、微量金属液和维生素c溶液的厌氧瓶内接入驯化的土壤,并且按质量比加入BTEX、加入硝酸钠或硫酸钠、加入硫化钠。在温度为20±2℃、转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养7~9天后,来回换并,在大于9次后即可得到去除BTEX的降解菌群。
所述BTEX厌氧降解菌群中的主要菌种有:Thauera sp.[1],Azoarcus sp.[2],Thauera aroma tica[3],Dechloromonas[4]
这些菌种名称相同的参考文献(原文请查阅附件中的PDF文献)
[1]Shinoda Y,Sakai Y,Uenishi H,et al.2004.Aerobic and AnaerobicToluene Degradation by a Newly Isolated Denitrifying Bacterium,
Thauera sp. Strain DNT-1. APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY,70(3):1385-1392
[2]Beller H R and Edwards E A,2000.Anaerobic Toluene Activationby Benzylsuccinate Synthase in a Highly Enriched Methanogenic Culture.APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY,66(12):5503-5505
[3]Leutwein C and Heider J,1999.Anaerobic toluene-catabolic pathwayin denitrifying
Thauera aromatica:activation and b-oxidation of the firstintermediate,(R)-(M)-benzylsuccinate.Microbiology,145,3265-3271
[4]Coates J D,Chakraborty R,Lack J G et al.,2001.Anaerobic benzeneoxidation coupled to nitrate reduction in pure culture by two strains ofDechloromonas.Nature,411:1039-1043.
下面是以运用驯化的混合菌群进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
运用本发明方法驯化的混合菌群在硝酸盐还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解。当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,60天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下。苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯的最大厌氧降解速率分别为(菌体浓度为108个/mL):2.44mg·L-1·d-1;3.54mg·L-1·d-1;3.43mg·L-1·d-1;2.73mg·L-1·d-1;2.84mg·L-1·d-1及2.54mg·L-1·d-1。
实施例2
运用本发明方法驯化的混合菌群在硫酸盐还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解。当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,70天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下。苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯的厌氧降解速率分别为(菌体浓度为108个/mL):2.23mg·L-1·d-1,3.31mg·L-1·d-1,3.08mg·L-1·d-1,2.52mg·L-1·d-1,2.71mg·L-1·d-1及2.11mg·L-1·d-1。
实施例3
运用本发明方法驯化的混合菌群在Fe3+还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解。当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,80天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下。苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯的厌氧降解速率分别为(菌体浓度为108个/mL):1.87mg·L-1·d-1,2.68mg·L-1·d-1,2.42mg·L-1·d-1,2.06mg·L-1·d-1,2.21mg·L-1·d-1及1.63mg·L-1·d-1。
Claims (5)
1.一种苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法,其特征在于,该方法的具体步骤如下:
(1)选用受石油污染的土壤,按质量比为1~1.5∶1的比例加入去离子水,按质量比为150~200∶1的比例加入硫化钠,按质量比为2000~2500∶1的比例加入BTEX混合物,按质量比为100~150∶1的比例加入电子受体,混合均匀后密封静置时间大于3个月;
(2)在充满氮气的厌氧箱内向体积为50~200mL的厌氧瓶中按800∶5∶1的比例加入基础培养基、微量金属液和维生素c溶液,其中基础培养基的组成为:NH4Cl:1.0g·L-1,KH2PO4:1.0g·L-1,MgCl2:0.1g·L-1,CaCl2·2H2O:0.05g·L-1;微量金属液的组成为:CoCl2·6H2O:30mg·L-1,CuCl2:0.15mg·L-1,H3BO3:5.7mg·L-1,MnCl2·4H2O:20mg·L-1,Na2MoO4·2H2O:2.5mg·L-1,NiCl2·2H2O:1.5mg·L-1,ZnCl2:2.1mg·L-1;
(3)在充满氮气的厌氧箱内按水土质量比为200~250∶1的比例向厌氧瓶内接入步骤(1)驯化的土壤,按体积比7500~8000∶1的比例加入BTEX,按质量比为25~30∶1的比例加入电子受体,按质量比为200~250∶1的比例加入硫化钠;
(4)将厌氧瓶在温度为20±2℃、转速为100r/min的振荡器中培养7~9天后,按接种体积比为200~250∶1的比例转入另一厌氧瓶内,当转接次数大于9之后即可获得去除BTEX的降解菌群。
2.根据权利要求1所述苯系物厌氧降解菌群的驯化筛选方法,其特征在于,所述电子受体为硝酸钠、硫酸钠或三氯化铁。
3.一种权利要求1所述苯系物厌氧降解菌群的应用,其特征在于,运用驯化的混合菌群或混合菌群在硝酸盐还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解;当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,60天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下;苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯(菌体浓度为108个/mL):2.44mg·L-1·d-1;3.54mg·L-1·d-1;3.43mg·L-1·d-1;2.73mg·L-1·d-1;2.84mg·L-1·d-1及2.54mg·L-1·d-1。
4.根据权利要求1所述苯系物厌氧降解菌群的应用,其特征在于,运用本发明方法驯化的混合菌群在硫酸盐还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解;当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,70天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下;苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯(菌体浓度为108个/mL):2.23mg·L-1·d-1,3.31mg·L-1·d-1,3.08mg·L-1·d-1,2.52mg·L-1·d-1,2.71mg·L-1·d-1及2.11mg·L-1·d-1。
5.根据权利要求1所述苯系物厌氧降解菌群的应用,其特征在于,运用本发明方法驯化的混合菌群在Fe3+还原条件下进行了苯系化合物(BTEX)的厌氧降解试验,结果表明混合菌群能够对苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯进行有效的厌氧降解;当初始浓度小于100mg/L时,80天后能降解到0.2mg/L以下;苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯的厌氧降解速率分别为(菌体浓度为108个/mL):1.87mg·L-1·d-1,2.68mg·L-1·d-1,2.42mg·L-1·d-1,2.06mg·L-1·d-1,2.21mg·L-1·d-1及1.63mg·L-1·d-1。
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