CN100998979A - Multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and method of printed circuit board - Google Patents

Multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and method of printed circuit board Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100998979A
CN100998979A CNA2006100231675A CN200610023167A CN100998979A CN 100998979 A CN100998979 A CN 100998979A CN A2006100231675 A CNA2006100231675 A CN A2006100231675A CN 200610023167 A CN200610023167 A CN 200610023167A CN 100998979 A CN100998979 A CN 100998979A
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China
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separation bin
separation
bin
printed circuit
pcb
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CN100444978C (en
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贺文智
李光明
王�华
徐敏
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TES-AMM Corp (CHINA) Ltd
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Tongji University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

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Abstract

A pneumatic delivering and separating apparatus with more lateral outlets and by fluidizing the solid particles for reclaiming the rejected and used PCBs is composed of blower, flowmeter, delivering-separating cabin, spiral feeder, cyclone separator, bag filter, differential transducer, collecting cabin, and distributing plate. Its method for recovering Cu powder, Al powder and non-metal material is also disclosed.

Description

The multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device of printed circuit board (PCB) and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, be specifically related to a kind of multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and method of printed circuit board (PCB).
Background technology
World today's electronics, electrical equipment industry fast development, the technological innovation that emerges in an endless stream and the market demand of prolonged expansion have been quickened electronics and electric equipment (Electric and Electronic Equipment, abbreviation EEE) update, the result has produced a large amount of discarded electronics and electric equipment (Waste EEE, be called for short WEEE), along with WEEE to the showing especially day by day of eco-environmental impact, WEEE has become the hot issue of World Focusing.Contain multiple metal and noble metals such as the higher copper of grade, aluminium, iron, gold, silver among the WEEE simultaneously, and plastics and glass etc. are nonmetal, have very high recovery value.WEEE is reasonably recycled, not only help environmental protection, and, the sustainable development of society also can be advanced.Nowadays, in developed country, the WEEE production by recycling had entered fast-developing period already, and was regarded as vigorous rising and high-tech industries of 21 century.
The circular regeneration of each composition material of WEEE is to guarantee the WEEE important step of resource to greatest extent.WEEE is of a great variety, and its formation parts and composition material are complicated and changeable.Especially (Printed Circuit Board is the basis of electronic apparatus industry PCB) to the printed circuit board (PCB) among the EEE, is indispensable vitals in all kinds of electric equipment products.PCB has characteristics such as quantity is many, complicated component, potential recovery value height, is the key of WEEE resource safely and effectively to its disposal.Usually, PCB is made up of 40% metal, 30% plastics and 30% pottery.Metal wherein is main component with copper, accounts for more than 20% of PCB total amount, also has aluminium, iron, tin, nickel, lead, zinc, silver and gold etc. in addition.
In the past, people mainly adopted hydrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy that PCB is handled to reclaim noble metals such as gold, silver wherein.From the contained material composition of PCB, this recovery method is inefficiency not only, also can cause serious secondary pollution simultaneously.Along with the lasting reduction of bullion contents such as gold, silver among science and technology development and the PCB, the disposal of discarded PCB has been developed into adopt eco-friendly machinery or physical method to its contained metal and nonmetally comprehensively recycle at present.
Discarded PCB machinery/physical treatment flow process is: at first adopt suitable method that PCB is fully pulverized so that form the material of PCB and dissociate mutually; Then according to the PCB degree of grinding, by pulverize back PCB composition material aspect the physical characteristics such as granularity, shape, density, ferromagnetism, electric conductivity than big-difference, select for use shape separation, Magnetic Isolation, density contrast to separate or technology such as electrostatic separation are carried out separation and concentration to it.The metal concentrate that separation and concentration obtains send the smeltery to make with extra care, and the organic plastics enrich body can send the deep processing of pyrolysis factory or wait the inserts etc. of materials as building, and the pottery of no reuse value etc. are nonmetal to carry out the landfill disposal.
The major metal copper among the PCB and the density of aluminium are respectively 8.9kg/m 3With 2,7kg/m 3, be that the density of the non-metal mixture of main component is 0.75-1.5kg/m with epoxy resin and glass fibre 3, its value differs bigger, therefore adopts and can carry out separation and concentration to the component among the PCB effectively based on the physical/mechanical method of density contrast.The waterpower shaking table that with water is medium is metal and a nonmetal separation and concentration density contrast screening installation commonly used among the PCB, and it has simple in structure, advantages such as processing ease; Shortcoming is that metal concentrate and the nonmetal enrich body after the sorting needs drying, and WATER AS FLOW MEDIUM need recycle.
Fluidization of solid is a technology of rising mid-term in 20th century, and it is that the fluid of certain speed is made from bottom to top by a particle layers, and solid particle is formed the two-phase suspended substance by fluid carry-over and presents the method for similar fluid motion state.Subject as research particle and fluid interaction rule, the application study of fluidization technology has obtained many major progresses, the effective means that has become particle and powder preparation, processing, modification and conveying and improved catalytic reaction etc., and be penetrated into many fields of national economy, obtained extensive use in departments such as chemical industry, oil, metallurgy, the energy, material, environmental protection.Fluidization technology has that investment is little, and disposal ability is big, easy to operate, and is easy to advantage such as control.People begin the fluidization of solid technology is used for the separation of solid material in nearly 20 years, but relevant multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and the method for adopting also do not appear at present, to metal in the printed circuit board (PCB) and the nonmetal report that separates both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and the method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of efficient, environmental protection and separate the printed circuit board (PCB) that reclaims continuously.
The multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device of the printed circuit board (PCB) that the present invention proposes, form (its structure as shown in Figure 1) by blower fan 1, flowmeter 3, conveying separation bin 5, differential pressure transmitter 7, screw feeder 9, cyclone separator 10, bag hose 11, collecting bin 12, distribution grid 13, blower fan 1 is by an end of valve 2 connection traffic meters 3, and the other end of flowmeter 3 connects the air inlet 4 of carrying separation bin 5 bottoms; Distribution grid 13 is positioned at the bottom of carrying separation bin 5, on the air inlet 4; Carry separation bin 5 to be provided with a charging aperture 8 and three discharging openings 14, charging aperture 8 is positioned at the top of carrying separation bin 5 one sides, and charging aperture 8 connects screw feeder 9; Carry separation bin 5 one lateral extent distribution grid 1-5mm places, be provided with discharging opening 14, discharging opening 14 connects 12 collecting bins, bag hose 11 successively by valve 2; Carry separation bin 5 one lateral extent distribution grid 100-500mm places, be provided with discharging opening 14, discharging opening 14 connects collecting bin 12, bag hose 11 successively by valve 2; Carry separation bin 5 tops to be provided with discharging opening 14, discharging opening 14 connects cyclone separator 10, and cyclone separator 10 connects bag hose 11; The pressure tap 6 of conveying separation bin 5 one upper lateral parts and bottom connects the two ends of differential pressure transmitter 7 respectively.
Among the present invention, distribution grid adopts the perforated metal plate of surface attachment silk screen, and metallic plate perforate aperture is 1-5mm; Meshcount is greater than 300 orders.
Among the present invention, carrying separation bin 5 bottoms near the distribution grid 13 places metal side line discharging opening of attaching most importance to, what link to each other with discharging opening has collecting bin 12 and a bag hose 11, its objective is that abundant recovery printed circuit board (PCB) pulverizing material divides from formed heavy metal accumulation layer through gas flow pattern, and capture the small dust in the preceding air-flow of emptying; Is light metal side line discharging opening at described conveying separation bin 5 apart from distribution grid 100-500mm place, its bottom, coupled have collecting bin 12 and a bag hose 11, can determine that position that corresponding side line exports and quantity are to adapt to different separation and concentration requirements according to the characteristic of pulverizing material component to be separated and number of components to be separated; Be provided with discharging opening at described conveying separation bin 5 tops, coupled have cyclone separator 10 and a bag hose 11, its objective is and to carry the nonmetal light component material and the flow separation of taking out of to reclaim through strength, and capture the small dust in the preceding air-flow of emptying from separation bin 5; Coupled in described conveying separation bin 5 bottoms is blower fan 1, regulates by valve 2 and flowmeter 3 and determines that the gas flow size is to adapt to different material characteristics; On the top of described conveying separation bin 5 one sides, coupled have a feeding screw, its objective is that in separation bin 5 the conveying solid substance powder is to realize the continous-stable operation of technical process continuously and stably.
Multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic is carried separation method in the printed circuit board (PCB) that the present invention proposes, and its concrete steps are as follows:
Open blower fan 1, regulate compressor flow with valve 2, make strength carry separation bin interior 5 interior empty cross section gas speed to change, open screw feeder simultaneously, the printed circuit board (PCB) of certain particle size is pulverized expected to send in the conveying separation bin 5 through loading hopper and feeding screw 9 for 0.3-3.5m/s; Enter the printed circuit board (PCB)s of carrying in the separation bin 5 and pulverize material, via blower fan 1 with carry fluidization under the 13 equally distributed air-flow effects of separation bin 5 bottom distribution grids; In carrying separation bin 5, printed circuit board (PCB) is pulverized the particle of unlike material in the material, because of density contrast forms copper powder enriched layer, aluminium powder enriched layer and nonmetal enriched layer from bottom to top along conveying separation bin 5; Carry the copper powder and the aluminium powder of layering in the separation bin 5 under the effect of air-flow, to flow into collecting bin 12 respectively through the side line discharging opening 14 at conveying separation bin 5 bottoms and middle part respectively, and within it with air separation, the air of carrying micro-dust secretly is emptying after bag hose 11 filters respectively; Be positioned at the nonmetal light component enriched layer of carrying separation bin 5 tops and under the effect of air-flow, separate recovery, carry air emptying after bag hose 11 filters of a small amount of fine dust secretly with the air-flow mode of movement cyclone separator 10 of flowing through.
Among the present invention, the fluidization of solid technology is used for the separation of solid material, its principle is: make granule materials to be separated under the effect of certain flow rate gas or liquid, form fluid bed, and different and it is separated from each other by different densities and the different size granule materials sinking speed in fluid.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, the present invention's employing is the dry method physical process of medium with the air, the post processing of separating obtained product drying-free, and equipment is simple, and is easy to operate, can realize continued operation, and process is controlled easily, and disposal ability is big;
2, the separation and concentration process between the printed circuit board (PCB) component material is finished in airtight conveying separation bin 5, metal behind the separation and concentration and nonmetal respectively in collecting bin and cyclone separator and air separation, the micro-tiny dust of carrying secretly in the air that flies upward that is difficult to separate captures through bag hose, and whole process does not have dust and produces;
3, the present invention can realize fluidization of solid sorting and strength conveying recovery on a set of equipment, cooperates the discharging of many side lines to carry out separation and concentration to different densities component in the printed circuit board (PCB) powder easily and effectively and reclaims;
4, the present invention is to guarantee that light component material is able to strength and carries recovery to determine fan delivery, than the characteristic of heavy component material by the fluidization of solid similar liquids, the present invention reclaims through the discharging of suitable location side line, so can guarantee to realize that by less power consumption the efficient separation of weight component is reclaimed in the printed circuit board (PCB).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is not separated printed circuit board diagram in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Metal and the nonmetallic materials figure of Fig. 3 for obtaining after separating in the embodiment of the invention 2.Wherein, (a) being metallic copper enrich body figure, (b) is metallic aluminium enrich body figure, (c) is nonmetal enrich body figure.
Number in the figure: 1 is blower fan, and 2 is valve, and 3 is flowmeter, 4 is air inlet, and 5 are fluidization strength conveying separation bin, and 6 is pressure tap, 7 is differential pressure transmitter, and 8 is charging aperture, and 9 is screw feeder, 10 is cyclone separator, 11 is bag hose, and 12 is collecting bin, and 13 is distribution grid, 14 is discharging opening, and 15 is loading hopper.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Connect following each parts by mode shown in Figure 1, those skilled in the art all can smooth implementation.Carrying the separation bin ratio of height to diameter is 5-10, and flow is counted the LWQ type, and the model of blower fan is NXW, differential pressure transmitter is the YS-1151 type, and the model of screw feeder is JGB4, and the model of cyclone separator is CLT/A, bag hose for imitating bag hose, the size 0.2-0.6m of collecting bin in the F5 type 3, the used material of distribution grid is an ordinary carbon steel, and opening diameter is 1-3mm, and appended metal mesh number is greater than 300 orders on it.
Embodiment 2
Utilize many side lines fluidization transfer separation device to realize metal and nonmetal separation method in the printed circuit board (PCB), discarded printed circuit boards after disassembling is ground into the particulate material that granularity is 0.4-0.6mm, at first open blower fan 1, slowly regulate compressor flow with valve 2, to carrying the empty cross section gas speed in the separation bin 5 to be 0.5-0.8m/s, air evenly flows in the separation bin 5 through distribution grid 13; Open feeding device, the printed circuit board (PCB) of certain particle size is pulverized material through screw feeder 9, send into many side lines fluidised form gasification power continuously and carry in the separation bin 5; In carrying separation bin 5, printed circuit board (PCB) is pulverized material fluidisation under the effect of air flow, the particle of unlike material wherein, because of density contrast along carrying separation bin 5 to form copper powder enriched layer, aluminium powder enriched layer and nonmetal enriched layer from bottom to top; The copper powder of layerings and aluminium powder are by the characteristic of fluidized solids similar liquids in the conveying separation bin 5, side line discharging opening through carrying separation bin 5 bottoms and middle part flows into collecting bin respectively, and in collecting bin and air separation, carry the air emptying after bag hose 11 filters respectively of micro-dust secretly, to guarantee the dustless discharging of gas; Being positioned at the nonmetal light component enriched layer of carrying separation bin 5 tops is reclaimed with air separation with the dilute phase air-flow mode of movement cyclone separator 10 of flowing through, flow out cyclone separator 10 and be entrained with air emptying after bag hose 11 filters of a small amount of fine dust, to guarantee the dustless discharging of gas.Through aforesaid operations, can be with the metallic copper in the printed circuit board (PCB) pulverized particles, aluminium and nonmetal separation effectively, the metal overall recovery reaches more than 95%.
Embodiment 3
Utilize many side lines fluidization transfer separation device to realize metal and nonmetal separation method in the printed circuit board (PCB), discarded printed circuit boards after disassembling is ground into average grain diameter≤3mm, the particulate material of particle size distribution dmax/dmin＜2, at first open blower fan 1, slowly regulate compressor flow with valve 2, empty cross section gas speed to separation bin 5 is 0.3-3.5m/s, and air evenly flows into through distribution grid 13 and carries in the separation bin 5; Open feeding device, the printed circuit board (PCB) of certain particle size is pulverized material through screw feeder 9, send into many side lines fluidised form gasification power continuously and carry in the separation bin 5; In carrying separation bin, printed circuit board (PCB) is pulverized material fluidisation under the effect of air flow, the particle of unlike material wherein, because of density contrast along carrying separation bin 5 to form copper powder enriched layer, aluminium powder enriched layer and nonmetal enriched layer from bottom to top; The copper powder of layerings and aluminium powder are by the characteristic of fluidized solids similar liquids in the conveying separation bin 5, side line discharging opening through carrying separation bin 5 bottoms and middle part flows into collecting bin respectively, and in collecting bin and air separation, carry the air emptying after bag hose 11 filters respectively of micro-dust secretly, to guarantee the dustless discharging of gas; Being positioned at the nonmetal light component enriched layer of carrying separation bin 5 tops is reclaimed with air separation with the dilute phase air-flow mode of movement cyclone separator 10 of flowing through, flow out cyclone separator 10 and be entrained with air emptying after bag hose 11 filters of a small amount of fine dust, to guarantee the dustless discharging of gas.Through aforesaid operations, can be with the metallic copper in the printed circuit board (PCB) pulverized particles, aluminium and nonmetal separation effectively, the metal overall recovery reaches more than the 90-95%.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device of printed circuit board (PCB), form by blower fan (1), flowmeter (3), conveying separation bin (5), differential pressure transmitter (7), screw feeder (9), cyclone separator (10), bag hose (11), collecting bin (12), distribution grid (13), it is characterized in that the end of blower fan (1) by valve (2) connection traffic meter (3), the other end of flowmeter (3) connects the air inlet (4) of carrying separation bin (5) bottom; Distribution grid (13) is positioned at carries separation bin (5) bottom, on the air inlet (4); Carry separation bin (5) to be provided with a charging aperture (8) and three discharging openings (14), charging aperture (8) is positioned at the top of carrying separation bin (5) one sides, and charging aperture (8) connects screw feeder (9); Carry separation bin (5) one lateral extent distribution grid 1-5mm places, be provided with discharging opening (14), discharging opening (14) connects collecting bin (12), bag hose (11) successively by valve (2); Carry separation bin (5) one lateral extent distribution grid 100-500mm places, be provided with discharging opening (14), discharging opening (14) connects collecting bin (12), bag hose (11) successively by valve (2); Carry separation bin (5) top to be provided with discharging opening (14), discharging opening (14) connects cyclone separator (10), and cyclone separator (10) connects bag hose (11); The pressure tap (6) of conveying separation bin (5) one upper lateral parts and bottom connects the two ends of differential pressure transmitter (7) respectively.
2, the multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device of printed circuit board (PCB) according to claim 1 is characterized in that distribution grid (13) is the perforated metal plate of surface attachment silk screen, and metallic plate perforate aperture is 1-5mm; Meshcount is greater than 300 orders.
3, a kind of multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic of printed circuit board (PCB) as claimed in claim 1 is carried separation method, it is characterized in that opening blower fan (1), regulate compressor flow to carrying the empty cross section gas speed in the separation bin (5) to be 0.3-3.5m/s, open screw feeder (9) simultaneously, printed circuit board (PCB) is pulverized material in screw feeder (9) is sent into conveying separation bin (5); Enter the interior printed circuit board (PCB) of conveying separation bin (5) and pulverize material, fluidisation under the equally distributed air-flow effect of distribution grid (13) bottom blower fan (1) and conveying separation bin (5); In carrying separation bin (5), printed circuit board (PCB) is pulverized the particle of unlike material in the material, because of density contrast forms copper powder enriched layer, aluminium powder enriched layer and nonmetal enriched layer from bottom to top along conveying separation bin (5); The copper powder of the interior layering of conveying separation bin (5) and aluminium powder are under the effect of air-flow, respectively through carrying separation bin (5) bottom and the side line discharging opening (14) at middle part to flow into collecting bin (12) respectively, and within it with air separation, the air of carrying micro-dust secretly is emptying after bag hose (11) filters respectively; Be positioned at the nonmetal enriched layer of carrying separation bin (5) top, under the effect of air-flow, separate recovery, carry air emptying after bag hose (11) filters of a small amount of fine dust secretly with the dilute phase mode of movement cyclone separator (10) of flowing through.
CNB2006100231675A 2006-01-09 2006-01-09 Multi-lateral-line solid fluidization pneumatic transfer separation device and method of printed circuit board Expired - Fee Related CN100444978C (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103934197A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-07-23 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Titanium concentrate grading device and method
CN108188024A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-06-22 浙江和胜磁业有限公司 A kind of tea dry sorting device for tealeaves being made to suspend using air blower
CN111282815A (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Solid particle size controller, application thereof and method for separating solid particles
CN112108365A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-12-22 中北大学 Environment-friendly bauxite desilication device and use method thereof
CN115069550A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-09-20 盐津津玺商贸有限责任公司 Dry powder sand grain dust collector

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JPH0760227A (en) * 1993-08-23 1995-03-07 Nec Corp Recovery of valuables from printed circuit board
CN1120053C (en) * 1999-03-10 2003-09-03 沈志刚 Process for breaking, separating and recovering waste printed circuit board and apparatus thereof
CN1283376C (en) * 2003-10-31 2006-11-08 中国矿业大学北京校区 Method for recovering valuable resource from waste printed circuit board

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103934197A (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-07-23 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Titanium concentrate grading device and method
CN103934197B (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-05-25 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 A kind of ilmenite concentrate grading plant and stage division thereof
CN108188024A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-06-22 浙江和胜磁业有限公司 A kind of tea dry sorting device for tealeaves being made to suspend using air blower
CN108188024B (en) * 2017-12-07 2024-05-17 湖南湘茗生态农业发展有限公司 Tea sorting device for suspending tea leaves by using air blower
CN111282815A (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Solid particle size controller, application thereof and method for separating solid particles
CN112108365A (en) * 2020-08-07 2020-12-22 中北大学 Environment-friendly bauxite desilication device and use method thereof
CN115069550A (en) * 2022-06-17 2022-09-20 盐津津玺商贸有限责任公司 Dry powder sand grain dust collector

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