Magnetic particle column sorting unit and method for separating thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to sorting unit and the method for separating thereof of granule materials, especially a kind of magnetic particle column sorting unit for non magnetic discrete particles material and method for separating thereof.
Background technology
Sorting is that raw material is disposed, processing, most economical in conversion process, most critical one of technical method, sorting can realize the reasonable, efficient of raw material and clean utilization.
Sorting mainly utilizes the physical property difference of sorted materials to realize distinguishing.Physical property comprises density, granularity, shape, glossiness, magnetic conductivity, electric conductivity, radiativity, coefficient of friction etc.If gravity treatment is the difference utilizing the density of sorted materials or granularity, shape, the movement rate in medium (fluid that water, air or color density are larger) and the difference in direction are distinguished; By the difference of used medium, can be divided into: air is the dry method gravity treatment of medium, the wet method gravity treatment that is medium with water or other liquid; Press in marker method whether continuously, can be divided into continuously or gap reselection operation.
Sorting, especially gravity treatment, its mechanism comprises sorted materials and is layered at the volley, and then separated two committed steps.The general principle that gravitational separation equipment realizes layering is all make sorted materials in operation by density stratification according to Archimedes principle, and namely so-called light thing (little density material) floats, and weight (large density material) sinks; But the principle that different reselecting method and equipment make the light thing of layering and weight realize being separated, method, direction and device are different, this also becomes the important symbol of the different method for separating of difference and device.At present, the method that conventional gravitational separation equipment is separated light thing and weight allows light thing be overflowed by upper strata or to be discharged by top with medium stream; Lower floor's weight is discharged or machinery discharge by the gravity of bottom by self, and the discharge mechanism generally all needing to be equipped with complexity discharged by machinery, not easily realizes compact design.
Forming clear and stable layering interfaces is the key ensureing and improve the gravity treatment efficiency of separation.Such as, jigging machine borrows the reciprocating motion of barrier film to cause vertical alternation current, and material alternately occurs loose and tight, and finally by density stratification, the material that density is different is separated and discharged along different directions or in different districts.Thus, the efficiency of separation of jigging machine is subject to the impact of the operating parameter such as density and thickness of the supply water yield under the jig frequency of current, stroke, sieve, inlet amount and discharge concentration and material; Dry method gravity separator, as LAKTA, GA100 of Denmark, LA-K type and the domestic 5TZ-1500 type of Sweden lead to gravity separator, sorted materials is fed on the work top of porous, pass the acting in conjunction of the air stream of work top from bottom to top at gravity, workbench vibration force and continuous print under, carry out layering by the difference of density or granularity; The thing grain that density is large or granularity is large produces normal segregation and sinks; The material that density is little, is in floating state, and the little density material of the superiors flows out along the incline direction of workbench, but layering interfaces unintelligible, stable.Air auto-monitor sorting is that gas-solid fluidized bed technique is used for dry method gravity treatment, its fluidized-bed layer (a kind of layering interfaces) with quasi-fluid character and certain density utilizing air and medium solid to be formed, and light thing constantly overflows bed surface after floating; Weight sinks, and then gently, weight obtains the product of two kinds of density again through de-mediated, there is density uniformity and the uppity shortcoming of stability of fluidized-bed layer.
Magnetic separation carries out sorting according to the difference of material magnetic, but current magnetic sorting apparatus is not generally suitable for the sorting of non-magnetic particle material.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of magnetic particle column sorting unit and method for separating thereof, be applicable to the sorting of non-magnetic particle material, its separation velocity is fast, and sharpness of separation is high, and sorting unit is simple for structure, and preparation cost is low.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is:
A kind of magnetic particle column sorting unit, it comprises: sorted material storehouse, feeder, layering container, magnetic-particle, vibrator, electromagnetic mechanism, dc source, three-way valve, large density feed bin and little density feed bin.
Sorted material storehouse is connected with layering container, sorted material to be delivered in layering container; Magnetic-particle is placed in layering container, and the density of magnetic-particle is between the density of the two kinds of materials be sorted; Vibrator is connected with layering container, sorted material and magnetic-particle to be divided in vibration the large density material, magnetic-particle, the little density material three layers that is sorted that are sorted; Electromagnetic mechanism is equipped on layering container, with by magnetic particle column solid for tightly packed for magnetic-particle one-tenth; The sorting discharging opening of layering container is interlinked by three-way valve and large density feed bin and little density feed bin, so that the large density material sub-elected and little density material are entered large density feed bin and little density feed bin respectively.
Above-mentioned sorted material is the material having density contrast.
The shape of above-mentioned magnetic-particle is close with sorted material with size, to improve the layering of sorted material and magnetic-particle, and the separating effect of material.
Above-mentioned electromagnetic mechanism is made up of dc source and dish type electromagnet, and dish type electromagnet is arranged at directly over layering container, and the vertical center line of the magnetic field center line of electromagnet and layering container on the same line.
Above-mentioned electromagnetic mechanism or be made up of dc source and two solenoids, two solenoids to be arranged at respectively directly over layering container and immediately below, and the vertical center line of the magnetic field center line of two solenoids and layering container is on the same line.
Above-mentioned layering container is the fiberglass of non magnetic material, or austenitic stainless steel is made.
Adopt the method for separating of above-mentioned magnetic particle column sorting unit, comprise the following steps:
(1) in layering container, magnetic-particle is put into, and by the sorted material input layering container in sorted material container; The density of magnetic-particle is between the density of the two kinds of materials be sorted, and the shape of magnetic-particle is close with sorted material with size;
(2) Vibration on Start-up device, magnetic-particle in layering container and sorted material are up and down reciprocatingly vibrated, by loose and emanate gradually, until be divided into three layers according to density contrast, from top to bottom successively: little density material, Midst density magnetic-particle and large density material;
(3) electromagnetic mechanism is started, make layering container be in a vertical DC electromagnetic field, it is agglomerating that magnetic-particle is subject to magnetic field induction extruding, tightly packedly becomes solid magnetic particle column, and under the effect of upwards magnetic induction force, support the little density material on upper strata;
(4) open three-way valve, layering container is communicated with large density feed bin, the large density material be in below magnetic particle column is input to large density feed bin by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of layering container, closes three-way valve;
(5) electromagnetic mechanism is regulated, reduce the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field that it produces, loose in the mechanical oscillation process of layering container to magnetic particle column, and then magnetic-particle is constantly through the little density bed of material, until be gathered in the top of layering container, and little density material falls the bottom of layering container;
(6) again regulate electromagnetic mechanism, increase the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field that it produces, magnetic-particle is piled into magnetic particle column again;
(7) three-way valve is opened, layering container and little density feed bin are interlinked, the little density material be in below magnetic particle column is input to little density feed bin by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of layering container, and the two kinds of materials be sorted sort out by density size.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the cumulative volume of magnetic-particle is 1: 4 ~ 1: 2 with the ratio of the cumulative volume of sorted material.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the cumulative volume of magnetic-particle and the cumulative volume sum of sorted material are 7/10 ~ 9/10 of layering vessel volume.
In above-mentioned steps (1), also in layering container, add sorting liquid, and the upper liquid level of sorting liquid is higher than the upper surface 2 ~ 5mm of magnetic-particle and sorted material.
Described in above-mentioned steps (3), upwards magnetic induction force is more than or equal to the quality sum of the little density material of magnetic-particle and upper strata.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: owing to gravity treatment, magnetic separation and lifting magnet technology organically being combined, by the two kinds of materials be sorted, magnetic-particle density contrast and be layered, magnetic difference by sorted material and magnetic-particle medium makes sorted material separated, effectively improve the efficiency of separation and separating effect, be specially adapted to the sorting of non-magnetic particle material, and sorting unit compact conformation, easy to operate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sorting unit embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the electromagnetic mechanism in sorting unit embodiment two of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is sorted material storehouse, and 2 is feeder, and 3 is dish type electromagnet, and 4 is dc source, and 5 is layering container, and 6 is magnetic-particle, and 7 is vibrator, and 8 is three-way valve, and 9 is large density feed bin, and 10 is little density feed bin, 11-1 and 11-2 is solenoid.
Detailed description of the invention
Example one: the present embodiment is for the panel glass of the waste and old color picture tube of sorting and cone glass.
Waste and old color picture tube mainly shields and bores the aggregate of two kinds of glass components, density, the harm of panel glass and cone glass have significant difference, distinguish panel glass and cone glass, be conducive to the recycling of waste and old color picture tube, but accurately to disassemble, split waste and old color picture tube be a very very difficult job.The density 3.0g/cm of its cone glass after tested
3, the density 2.75g/cm of panel glass
3, adopt magnetic particle column device of the present invention and method for separating thereof to carry out sorting.
The magnetic particle column device that the present embodiment adopts, as shown in Figure 1, comprises sorted material storehouse 1, feeder 2, dish type electromagnet 3, dc source 4, layering container 5, magnetic-particle 6, vibrator 7, three-way valve 8, large density feed bin 9, little density feed bin 10; Sorted material storehouse 1 is connected with layering container 5 by feeder 2, sorted material to be delivered in layering container 5; Magnetic-particle 6 is placed in layering container 5; Layering container 5 is connected with vibrator 7, sorted material and magnetic-particle to be divided into the large density material, magnetic-particle 6, the little density material three layers that is sorted that are sorted; Electromagnetic mechanism is made up of dc source 4 and dish type electromagnet 3, dish type electromagnet 3 is arranged at directly over layering container 5, and the vertical center line of the magnetic field center line of dish type electromagnet 3 and layering container 5 on the same line, can by magnetic particle column solid for tightly packed for magnetic-particle one-tenth, and magnetic induction force is upwards produced to magnetic particle column post; The sorting discharging opening of layering container 5 is interlinked by three-way valve 8 and large density feed bin 9 and little density feed bin 10.
Method for separating described in the present embodiment is: first, by waste and old color picture tube, removes the metal parts such as electron gun, aperture plate, carries out hammering coarse crushing to it, and sieving and obtaining granularity is 0.177 ~ 0.250mm screen cone hybrid glass, i.e. sorted material.With resin and Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4and SiO
2fine grained first rolls and shapingly to solidify again, and obtaining density is 2.85g/cm
3, granularity is 0.177 ~ 0.250mm magnetic-particle.Then, following sorting step is carried out:
(1) in layering container 5, put into magnetic-particle, and the screen cone hybrid glass in sorted material storehouse 1 is inputted in layering container 5 by feeder 2; The ratio that the cumulative volume of hybrid glass bored by cumulative volume and the screen of magnetic-particle is 1: 4; The cumulative volume sum that hybrid glass bored by cumulative volume and the screen of magnetic-particle is 9/10 of layering container 5 volume;
(2) Vibration on Start-up device 7, magnetic-particle in layering container 5 and screen cone hybrid glass are up and down reciprocatingly vibrated, magnetic-particle after 5 minutes in layering container 5 and screen cone hybrid glass are divided into three layers, from top to bottom successively: panel glass, magnetic-particle and cone glass;
(3) dish type electromagnet 3 is started, dish type electromagnet 3 is under the effect of the dc source 4 of 220 volts, layering container 5 is made to be in the DC electromagnetic field of vertical 42 oersteds (Oe), magnetic-particle is subject to magnetic field induction, extruding of attracting each other is agglomerating, tightly packedly become solid magnetic particle column, and under the effect of upwards magnetic induction force, support the panel glass on upper strata;
(4) open three-way valve 8, layering container 5 is communicated with large density feed bin 9, the cone glass be in below magnetic particle column is input to large density feed bin 9 by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of vibrator 7, closes three-way valve 8;
(5) DC amperage of dish type electromagnet 3 is regulated, the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field making it produce is down to 25 oersteds (Oe), magnetic particle column is loose in the mechanical oscillation process of layering container, and then magnetic-particle is constantly through panel glass layer, and be gathered in the top of layering container 5, and panel glass falls the bottom of layering container 5;
(6) again regulate the DC current of dish type electromagnet 3, the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field making it produce rises to 30 oersteds (Oe), and magnetic-particle is piled into magnetic particle column again;
(7) three-way valve 8 is opened, layering container 5 and little density feed bin 10 are interlinked, the panel glass be in below magnetic particle column is input to little density feed bin 10 by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of vibrator 7, thus the screen of the color picture tube be sorted, cone glass is sorted out by density size.
Example two: the present embodiment is for point coal separation and a lime stone.
Sorted material is the mixed material of coal and lime stone, and the granularity of coal and lime stone is 4mm, and the density of coal and lime stone is respectively 1.39g/cm
3and 2.71g/cm
3; With resin and Fe
2o
3, Fe
3o
4fine grained first rolls and shapingly to solidify again, and the granularity obtained is 4mm, density is 2.15g/cm
3magnetic-particle.
The sorting unit that the present embodiment adopts, except electromagnetic mechanism is different from embodiment one, other is identical with embodiment one.The electromagnetic mechanism that the present embodiment adopts is made up of dc source 4 and two solenoid 11-1 and 11-2, two solenoid 11-1,11-2 to be arranged at respectively directly over layering container and immediately below, and the vertical center line of the magnetic field center line of two solenoid 11-1 and 11-2 and layering container 5 is on the same line.
Method for separating described in the present embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) in layering container 5, put into magnetic-particle 6, and the coal in sorted material container 1 and limestone mix material are inputted in layering container 5 by feeder 2; The ratio of the cumulative volume of the cumulative volume of magnetic-particle 6 and coal and limestone mix material is 1: 2; The cumulative volume sum of the cumulative volume of magnetic-particle and coal and limestone mix material is 7/10 of layering container 5 volume; Meanwhile, in layering container, add the water as sorting liquid, water logging do not have magnetic-particle and sorted material upper surface 2mm (or 3,4,5mm);
(2) Vibration on Start-up device 7, magnetic-particle 6 in layering container 5 and coal and limestone mix material are up and down reciprocatingly vibrated, magnetic-particle after 3 minutes in layering container and coal and limestone mix material are divided into three layers, from top to bottom successively: coal, magnetic-particle 6 and lime stone;
(3) DC current of solenoid 11-1 and 11-2 is started, under the effect of the dc source 4 of 220 volts, layering container 5 is made to be in the DC electromagnetic field of vertical 75 oersteds (Oe), magnetic-particle 6 is subject to magnetic field induction, extruding of attracting each other is agglomerating, tightly packedly become solid magnetic particle column, and under the effect of upwards magnetic induction force, support the coal on upper strata;
(4) three-way valve 8 is opened, layering container 5 is communicated with large density feed bin 9, the lime stone be in below magnetic particle column is input to large density feed bin 9 by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of vibrator 7, water also enters to large density feed bin 9 simultaneously, closes three-way valve 8;
(5) DC current of solenoid 11-1 and 11-2 is regulated, the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field making it produce is down to 50 oersteds (Oe), magnetic particle column is loose in the mechanical oscillation process of vibrator 7, and then magnetic-particle 6 is constantly through coal particle layer, and be gathered in the top of layering container 5, and coal falls the bottom of layering container 5;
(6) again regulate the DC current of solenoid 11-1 and 11-2, the intensity of the vertical DC electromagnetic field making it produce rises to 60 oersteds (Oe), and magnetic-particle 6 is piled into magnetic particle column again;
(7) three-way valve is opened, layering container 5 and little density feed bin 10 are interlinked, the coal be in below magnetic particle column is input to little density feed bin 10 by the gravity of self and the mechanical oscillation of vibrator 7, thus the coal making to be sorted, lime stone sort out by density size.