CN1009308B - 热交换器 - Google Patents

热交换器

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Publication number
CN1009308B
CN1009308B CN86103213A CN86103213A CN1009308B CN 1009308 B CN1009308 B CN 1009308B CN 86103213 A CN86103213 A CN 86103213A CN 86103213 A CN86103213 A CN 86103213A CN 1009308 B CN1009308 B CN 1009308B
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Prior art keywords
otch
heat
fin
transfer pipe
line
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Expired
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CN86103213A
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CN86103213A (zh
Inventor
横山昭一
小畑真
田中博由
津田善行
加藤薰
青山繁男
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP9989885A external-priority patent/JPS61259093A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9989785A external-priority patent/JPS61259092A/ja
Priority claimed from JP16344385A external-priority patent/JPS6226494A/ja
Priority claimed from JP19630385A external-priority patent/JPS6256787A/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to CN90101365A priority Critical patent/CN1012524B/zh
Publication of CN86103213A publication Critical patent/CN86103213A/zh
Publication of CN1009308B publication Critical patent/CN1009308B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/02—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0207—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor with special plug arrangement, e.g. special shape or built in means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/12—Arrangements for modifying the way in which the rate of flow varies during the actuation of the valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/107—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using mechanical means, e.g. safety valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/50—Side-by-side conduits with fins
    • Y10S165/501—Plate fins penetrated by plural conduits
    • Y10S165/502—Lanced

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种热交换器。在热交换器的平板翅片上，上下相邻的传热管之间有成组的切口，每个切口有垂直于气流方向的两个开口和不平行于气流方向的两个侧璧。切口交错突起于翅片正面和背面。各切口的开口长度彼此相等，翅片正面各切口中点连线和背面各切口中点连线相互对称于与该切口组上下相邻的传热管中心连线的垂直平分线，采用这样的结构大大减少了空气与翅片表面之间的热阻，并使切口金属模具维修得到简化。

Description

本发明是供空调器、电冰箱等使用的热交换器，适用于流体间的热传递。
传统类型的热交换器中，通常包括用铜或类似材料制成的传热管，传热管之间用U形弯管连接，此外还有用铝和类似材料制成的翅片。液体在传热管内流过，空气在翅片之间流过，这样进行热交换。
近几年来，急感需要一种小型的高性能热交换器。但为了减少噪声及其它原因，翅片间的气流速度被限制在一个低水平，因而接触空气的翅片表面的热阻大大高于传热管内表面的热阻。也曾采取过增大翅片表面积的措施，以减少翅片表面和传热管内表面间的热阻差。但增大翅片表面积是有一定限度的，因而翅片表面热阻仍然大大超过传热管内表面的热阻。
因此，近几年人们试图改进翅片表面，以减少空气与翅片间的热阻，在翅片的正面和反面交错地冲出突起的切口，在每个切口前缘再次形成薄的热附面层，这些热附面层产生的前缘效应使传热性能得到改善。
但是，对这种形状的翅片各部分传热能力进行仔细测试后证明，位于气流上游的切口具有较大的附面层前缘效应和较高的传热能力，而在气流上游的切口处预先换热的空气不与其它空气混合，即流向气流下游处的切口。由于下游切口位于上游切口产生的热附面层内，传热性能就较差。此外，在传热管下游对气流产生一个气流死区，空气 不能流入这个区，所以这个区的传热性能很差。因此，这种热交换器的传热性能并未得到显著的改善。
在日本专利申请特开昭57-82690中，公开了一种热交换器，这种热交换器尽管有可能减少空气和翅片表面之间的热阻，但由于每个切口都具有不同的形状，因而切口金属模具的维修是很困难的。
本发明的目的是提供一种热交换器，它不仅可促进切口处的混合，显著地减少空气与翅片表面间的热阻，而且使平板翅片的加工及加工用的切口金属模具维修方便。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种热交换器，它由多片平板翅片和多根传热管组成，翅片彼此平行，有一定间距，空气从翅片间流过，传热管泫向穿过平板翅片，与其相垂直，相邻两排传热管的位置错开排列，液体从管内流过;在上下相邻的传热管之间的平板翅片表面上有成组的切口，该切口组中的每个切口有两个垂直于气流方向的开口以及一对与空气流方向不平行的侧壁，相邻切口交错地在上述平板翅片的正面和背面突起，本发明各切口的开口长度彼此相等，翅片正面各切口中点连线和背面各切口中点连线相互对称于该切口组上下相邻的传热管中心连线的垂直平分线。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作一简要说明。
图1是传统热交换器的透视图。
图2a是改进的传统热交换器的端面视图。
图2b是图2a中沿Ⅱb-Ⅱb线的剖面图。
图3是本发明第一个实施例中热交换器翅片的端面视图。
图4是图3中沿Ⅳ-Ⅳ线的剖面图。
图5是图3中Ⅴ-Ⅴ-Ⅴ-Ⅴ线的剖面图。
图6是本发明第二个实施例中热交换器翅片的端面视图。
图7是图6中沿Ⅶ-Ⅶ线的剖面图。
图1所示为传统类型的热交换器。通常包括传热管2，传热管之间用U形弯管连接，此外还有用铝和类似材料制成的翅片1。液体在传热管2内流过，空气在翅片1间流过，这样进行热交换。
图2a和2b是传统热交换器改进的实例。图2a是平板式翅片的端面视图。图2b是图2a沿Ⅱb-Ⅱb线的剖面图。图中4是传热管，5、6是翅片，5是翅片上与传热管相配装的凸圈，7a-7h是切口，8是气流。切口7a-7h交错地突起在翅片6的正面或背面，位置在上下相邻的传热管4之间。
现对本发明第一个实施例做如下说明，参看图3-5。
图3是本发明第一个实施例的热交换器翅片端面视图。图4是图3中沿Ⅳ-Ⅳ线的剖面图。图5是图3中沿Ⅴ-Ⅴ-Ⅴ-Ⅴ线的剖面图。
如图3所示，传热管11插入翅片凸圈10内，翅片凸圈按预定的间距分布，用翻边方法成形。气流方向用箭头12表示。
一组切口13a-13d突起于翅片9的正面，位于上下相邻的两个传热管之间，如图3所示。切口13a-13d中，每个切口有两个边平行于上下两个传热管11中心的连接线，这两个边是开口15a和15b，切口的另两个边是侧壁17a和17b，位于与气流12方向斜交的两条平行直线上。另一组切口14a-14d突起于翅片9的反面，其中每个切口的两个边平行于上下两个传热管11中心的连接线，这两个边是开口16a和16b，切口的另两个边是 侧壁18a和18b，位于两条直线上，这两条直线与正面的切口13a-13d的侧壁17a-17b的两条直线对称于两个上下相邻的传热管4的中心连接线的垂直等分线。切口组19的布置如下：正面切口13a-13d中点连线与背面切口14a-14d中点连线的交点在切口组19两端的相邻两根传热管11的中心连接线上。
上述布置可达到如下的效果：
（1）由于翅片切口中下游切口的开口边15a、15b和16a、16b分别与其上游切口开口边15a、15b和16a、16b处于互相错开的位置，气流下游开口的一部分位于气流上游切口产生的热附面层以外，这部分的传热性能就得到改善。
（2）由于切口组19的位置与气流12方向成一角度，在切口13a-13d、14a-14d里面流过的气流方向与在这些切口外面流过的气流方向不同，两种气流之间产生滑动，最后形成湍流。这一湍流可以破坏在切口13a-13d、14a-14d处产生的热附面层，从而改善翅片的传热性能。
（3）由于切口侧壁17a、17b、18a、18b与气流12方向成一定角度，二次气流引射出一股含涡流的气流。这股气流产生以下两种效应：（ⅰ）使在气流上游处经过热交换的空气与新鲜空气混合;（ⅱ）减少在传热管11下游（气流方向下游）产生的气流死区面积。
由于这些优点，空气与翅片表面间的热阻能够大大降低。
而且，由于切口13a-13d与14a-14d的模具形状相同，模具维护工作也得到简化。
本发明第二个实施例中热交换器说明如下，参看图6和图7。
图6是本发明第二个实施例中热交换器翅片的端面视图。图7是图6中沿Ⅶ-Ⅶ线的剖面图。
如图6所示，传热管22插入翅片凸圈21中，凸圈21按一定间距分布，在翅片20上用翻边方法制成，气流按箭头23方向流过。
切口24-28组成切口组29，各切口的开口24a-28a和24b-28b正对气流23，侧壁24c-28c和24d-28d位于翅片20的正面20a上，通过侧壁24c、25c和26c的一条直线和通过侧壁24d、25d和26d的一条直线分别与通过侧壁26c、27c和28c的一条直线和通过侧壁26d、27d和28d的一条直线对称于上下相邻的传热管22的中心连接线。同时，翅片20背面20b上有切口组34，由切口30-33组成。这些切口的开口30a-33a和30b-33b正对气流23，侧壁为30c-33c和30d-33d。切口组34的布置如下：通过侧壁30c和31c的一条直线和通过侧壁30d和31d的一条直线与通过侧壁32c和33c的一条直线和通过侧壁32d和33d的一条直线以一定的角度对称于上下相邻的传热管22的中心连接线。
此外，翅片正面上切口24-28中点的连线和翅片背面上切口30-33中点的连线对称于切口组29、34两端上下相邻的传热管22中心连线的垂直等分线。
以上布置可达到如下效果：
（1）由于切口24-28和切口30-33分别互相错开，气流下游处切口的一部分位于气流上游处切口产生的热附面层之外，这部分 的传热性能就得到了改善。
（2）由于切口组29、34与气流23的方向成一定角度，通过切口24-28、30-33里面的气流方向与流过切口外面的气流方向不同，两种气流之间产生滑动，最后形成湍流。这种湍流会破坏切口24-28、30-33产生的热附面层，因而使翅片的传热性能得到改善。
（3）由于切口24-28和30-33的侧壁24c-28c和24d-28d分别与气流22的方向成一定角度，这种二次气流引射出一般含涡流的气流。这股气流产生两种效应：（ⅰ）使在气流上游经过热交换的空气与新鲜空气混合;（ⅱ）减少传热管11下游（从气流方向看）产生的气流死区面积。
由于这些优点，空气与翅片表面间的热阻能够大大减少。
此外，由于切口24、25、27、28和30-33可用相同形状的模具成形，模具的维修也得到简化。

Claims (3)

1、一种热交换器，它由多片平板翅片和多根传热管组成，翅片彼此平行，有一定间距，空气从翅片间流过，传热管法向穿过平板翅片，与其相垂直，相邻两排传热管的位置错开排列，液体从管内流过；在上下相邻的传热管之间的平板翅片表面上有成组的切口，该切口组中的每个切口有两个垂直于气流方向的开口以及一对与空气流方向不平行的侧壁，相邻切口交错地在上述平板翅片的正面和背面突起，其特征在于：各切口的开口长度彼此相等，翅片正面各切口中点连线和背面各切口中点连线相互对称于该切口组上下相邻的传热管中心连线的垂直平分线。
2、按照权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于：其翅片正面各切口中点连线和背面各切口中点连线是直线，而且这两条直线彼此相交于上述切口组上下相邻的两个传热管中心的连接线上。
3、按照权利要求1所述的热交换器，其特征在于：其翅片正面各切口中点连线对称于上述切口组上下相邻的两个传热管中心的连线，而背面各切口中点连线同样对称于上述切口组上下相邻的两个传热管中心的连线。
CN86103213A 1985-05-10 1986-05-09 热交换器 Expired CN1009308B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN90101365A CN1012524B (zh) 1985-05-10 1986-05-09 热交换器

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP99897/85 1985-05-10
JP9989885A JPS61259093A (ja) 1985-05-10 1985-05-10 フィン付熱交換器
JP99898/85 1985-05-10
JP9989785A JPS61259092A (ja) 1985-05-10 1985-05-10 フイン付熱交換器
JP16344385A JPS6226494A (ja) 1985-07-24 1985-07-24 フィン付熱交換器
JP163443/85 1985-07-24
JP19630385A JPS6256787A (ja) 1985-09-05 1985-09-05 フィン付熱交換器
JP196303/85 1985-09-05

Related Child Applications (1)

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CN90101365A Division CN1012524B (zh) 1985-05-10 1986-05-09 热交换器

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CN86103213A CN86103213A (zh) 1986-11-19
CN1009308B true CN1009308B (zh) 1990-08-22

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US (1) US4723600A (zh)
KR (1) KR900006250B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1009308B (zh)
AU (1) AU581984B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA1270811A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1332169C (zh) * 2002-03-15 2007-08-15 东芝开利株式会社 翅片管子型热交换器

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KR860009279A (ko) 1986-12-22
AU5715086A (en) 1986-11-13
KR900006250B1 (ko) 1990-08-27
CA1270811A (en) 1990-06-26
US4723600A (en) 1988-02-09
CN86103213A (zh) 1986-11-19
AU581984B2 (en) 1989-03-09

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