CN100595105C

CN100595105C - Automatic deflection scull propeller

Info

Publication number: CN100595105C
Application number: CN200410088866A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张金铭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-11-08
Filing date: 2004-11-08
Publication date: 2010-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2024-11-08
Also published as: CN1605547A

Abstract

The present invention is automatically deflecting oar and wave energy boat, and relates to boat propelling and propeller, and aims at raising the work efficiency of boat propeller and the speed of boat. The basic structure is one oar comprising two, one front and one back, oar sheets connected via oar shaft and oar rods. The present invention can realize high efficiency conversion of dynamic energy. The present invention has the advantages of powerful propelling force, high speed, high efficiency, no noise and simple operation. By means of different usages, the present invention can utilize sea wave as energy source to push boat forwards.

Description

The automatic deflection scull propelling unit

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of marine propeller, it comprises the big shield stalk, scull axle and big shield sheet.

Background technology

Propeller has brought a lot of convenience for the long journey of people and thing, and along with the pursuit of people to speed, comfortable, environmental protection, people are exploring new propelling unit.In Chinese patent application number: " the fin keel open-close type ship propeller " that provide in 02146762.5 is exactly a kind of propelling unit of novelty, and its principle is as breaststroke.Its defective is conspicuous, that be exactly at " fin keel " in crank motion, have only a direction to provide power for ship, so its work efficiency is not high, running velocity is unhappy.Just as breaststroke does not have freestyle swimming soon.Meeting one was leapt up when such ship navigated by water, and is not steady.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of marine propeller---" automatic deflection scull propelling unit ".It can improve the work efficiency of propulsion of vessels, improves the ship running velocity, does not produce noise.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of automatic deflection scull propelling unit that is used to promote the boats and ships operation, it comprises: actuating device, big shield bar, scull axle and big shield sheet, the big shield sheet is an integral body, have the axle of sculling on the big shield sheet, actuating device connects the big shield bar, the big shield bar is by a big shield connection big shield sheet, and the axle of sculling is divided into former and later two parts to the big shield sheet, it is characterized in that: an area ratio that is big shield sheet front and back, boundary is one to one. three to scull.

Below be " automatic deflection scull propelling unit " four kinds of method of works under dynamic action.

1, the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and the big shield sheet is vertical with the water surface with the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length, the big shield sheet under water, at ship both sides cross motion.

2, the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and is parallel with the side of a ship, and the axle of sculling is vertical with the big shield bar, vertical, parallel with the water surface with the service direction of ship, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length, big shield sheet up-and-down movement in water.

3, the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, the axle of sculling is parallel with the big shield bar, and the big shield stalk swings up and down in the both sides of ship, and the big shield sheet is swung thereupon.

4, the length direction of big shield bar swings along the service direction of ship, and the axle of sculling is vertical with the water surface with the big shield sheet, and the big shield bar drives the big shield sheet and does movement in a curve.

" automatic deflection scull propelling unit " is according to the traditional propelling unit of China---" big shield " transformed and formed, the principle of " big shield " is: it is with the oblique water that pushes away of big shield face, crank motion forms crisscross promotion current, the current that previous pushing course is released, the current that a back pushing course is released become resistance, increase the antagonistic force of water, can make the two sides of big shield produce bigger pressure reduction, make ship obtain bigger power " automatic deflection scull ".Reciprocating can both be for ship provides power, so its high efficiency." automatic deflection scull " inherited the above-mentioned advantage of sculling, and by transforming the structure of big shield sheet, big shield axle, big shield bar, reconfigures their relation, makes it give play to higher efficient.It is when low speed driving, and propulsive force is strong.It the phenomenon of kinetic energy high efficiency conversion can occur when running at high speed.

Its principle is: in unit time, increase the volume that the big shield sheet pushes away water, and make the big shield sheet obtain maximum antagonistic force, realize the conversion of kinetic energy high efficiency.

Give an example: when wearing skating boots, when bipod became the anti-Eight characters to stand on the ice face, both legs were exerted oneself to both sides, and health moves ahead thereupon, and at this moment bipod becomes the positive Eight characters, and both legs are exerted oneself to the inside, and health continues to move ahead.Icing face here is rigidity with respect to the both sides of skates, and skates have only former and later two sense of motions, when both legs are exerted oneself, and the skates oblique loading, skates one side converts power to by the ice face of rigidity, and the power that moves forwards or backwards drives body movement.Along with the increase of speed of advance, both legs alleviate gradually to the application force of ice, if keep both legs constant to the application force of ice face, change the angle of two pin gradually, health degree of will speed up moves ahead, at this moment, both legs act on power horizontal on the ice face by skates, have almost all converted the power that advances to.

When " automatic deflection scull " works in water, as the principle of work of skates, because water is not rigidity, so when low speed driving, ship moves ahead by the antagonistic force that " automatic deflection scull " pushes away water.When ship's speed increases, in unit time, " automatic deflection scull " increases with the contact surface of water, pushes away the water yield and increases, and the motion of water reduces.High-speed motion by sculling is diffused in power in the large-scale waters, makes the water of unit volume, and the pressure that is subjected to diminishes, and water is delivered to rigidity.This point, when the high-speed motion, superficial hardness can increase the same as object.At this moment water is similar to rigidity concerning " automatic deflection scull "." automatic deflection scull " just as on the ice face, the skates of skating people underfooting, change the direction of power with the power consumption of minimum.What here must mention a bit is: if make ship keep certain speed, or acceleration/accel, " automatic deflection scull " will apply under the situation of certain application force water keeping, and keeps or increases reciprocating frequency.Be lower than this speed, " automatic deflection scull " can become the resistance of ship, makes to lose way or stop.If use " artificial muscle " to be used as power, than being easier to control effort degree and frequency.When needs " automatic deflection scull " when becoming resistance (as turning, bringing to), at the two ends of big shield sheet rope is set, the deflection angle of control " automatic deflection scull ".When promoting the ship operation, rope loosens " automatic deflection scull " and recovers automatic deflection.The direction that when ship need be walked backward, also needs to turn " automatic deflection scull " with rope.

Advantage of the present invention is: the first, and propulsive force is strong.The direction of current is consistent behind the direction that " fin keel open-close type ship propeller " and screw propeller push away water and the ship, and the antagonistic force that is subjected to is just little, and the scope that pushes away water is also little.When low speed driving, the current of release intersect " automatic deflection scull ", and when running at high speed, the scope that pushes away water is also big, so the antagonistic force that is subjected to is just big, propulsive force is just strong.The second, at a high speed, efficiently.When ship runs to certain speed, because the range of movement of big shield sheet in water strengthens, the scope that pushes away water also strengthens, the sculled application force of sheet of water reduces, when reaching certain speed, the sheet that will occur sculling is walked in water, water base immobilising phenomenon, at this moment, actuating device offers the energy of big shield sheet, has almost all converted the power that ship moves ahead to.The 3rd, noiseless.(a kind of linear stepping motor, Chinese patent application number: 200410069382X " artificial muscle and policy robot ", control circuit and motor are a set of equipment with artificial muscle.) drive the motion of big shield bar, big shield sheet, be noiseless during the artificial muscle operation, and also simple in structure, the big shield sheet freely rotates by the axle of sculling on the big shield bar during operation, also is noiseless.So the ship that adopts this combination to make can be realized noiseless running, become the ship that voiceless sound pollutes.The 4th, simple to operate.Artificial muscle has with stressed size, the function of automatic compensation running state.So artificial muscle can be along with the stressed size of big shield sheet, the automatic compensation frequency of operation is just as electrodeless variable-speed.The 5th, make the energy with wave.By putting the wave energy boat that oar develops certainly, it is the big shield axle with " automatic deflection scull ", and the side, the big shield axle that are fixed on hull are parallel with the sea, and wave tilts the big shield sheet at the both sides of ship up-and-down movement, and forms pressure reduction on the two sides of big shield sheet, promotes ship and moves.It is no fuel, pollution-free, noiseless green transportation means.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the angle of rake lateral plan of automatic deflection scull.

Fig. 2 is the lateral plan of the another kind of mode of operation of automatic deflection scull propelling unit.

The wave that Fig. 3, Fig. 4 utilize the angle of rake principle of automatic deflection scull to make can angle of rake birds-eye view.

Fig. 5 sheet of sculling is made cross motion in the ship both sides.

Fig. 6 sculls sheet at hull both sides up-and-down movement.

Fig. 7 sheet of sculling is agitated as the wing of bird in the ship both sides.

Fig. 8 sheet of sculling is done movement in a curve in the back of hull.

Fig. 9 is towboat under water.

Figure 10 sculls sheet buoyancy greatly to hull is emerged.

Figure 11 water airship.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1---4 detailed description the present invention propose, the details and the service condition of self-orientation big shield and wave energy boat.

Fig. 1 is " automatic deflection scull " angle of rake lateral plan.

The automatic deflection scull propelling unit, it comprises: it is made up of actuating device 1, big shield bar 2, big shield axle 3 and big shield sheet 4.Big shield stalk 2 dynamically is connected by the axle 3 of sculling with big shield sheet 4.Actuating device 1 drives big shield bar 2 and promotes big shield sheet 4 straight lines or camber line crank motion, its sense of motion and boats and ships vertical to vertical, big shield sheet 4 is under the effect of hydraulic pressure, axle 3 is a fulcrum to scull, along with the motion of big shield bar 2 and the variation big shield sheet 4 of direction are swung thereupon, according to stressed size, big shield sheet 4 automatic compensation rocking tendencies.

The swing of big shield sheet 4, it is constant to make big shield sheet 4 offer the thrust direction of hull, and the size of amplitude of fluctuation means the relay size that big shield sheet 4 provides to hull, and the proportionate relationship of big shield sheet before and after the axle 3 of sculling is cut apart is determining the work efficiency of big shield sheet 4.With the axle 3 of sculling is the boundary, and when the area ratio of front and back big shield sheet is one than for the moment, big shield sheet 4 will not swung, and does not provide thrust to hull.When the end of the axle 3 of sculling at big shield sheet 4, big shield sheet 4 will move downstream, and sheet 4 two sides of at this moment sculling do not produce pressure reduction, can not provide thrust to hull.Only between this two states, big shield sheet 4 could provide power to hull.

The area of the front and rear part of big shield axle 3 big shield sheets 4 is divided into about one to one. three, and the work efficiency of big shield sheet 4 is the highest.

Actuating device 1 can adopt linear stepping motor directly to drive the motion of big shield bar 2, big shield sheet 4, does not produce noise.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the automatic deflection scull propelling units, the lateral plan of two kinds of mode of operations of push-and-pull.

To promote 4 motions of big shield sheet right when actuating device 1, the big shield sheet 4 area differences of axle 3 both sides of sculling, and the pressure that is subjected to is also different, and big shield sheet 4 wing drops occur promoting the pressure reduction that ship advances on the two sides of the process big shield sheet 4 that advances.When the motion of actuating device 1 stopped, big shield sheet 4 was parallel with ship or current with the minimum drag state.In like manner, when actuating device 1 retracted big shield sheet 4, big shield sheet 4 was flapped toward opposite side, and the propelling thrust of equidirectional is provided for ship.One push away one draw in the current criss-cross, play a supportive role mutually, increase the antagonistic force of water to sculling.When ship ran to certain speed, in unit time was sculled and the contact surface of water increases, and pushes away the water yield and increases, the motion of water reduces relatively, sculls by high-speed motion, and power is diffused in the large-scale waters, make the water of unit volume, the pressure that is subjected to diminishes, and antagonistic force increases.Avoided propeller because draining is consistent with the direction of current, the phenomenon that the antagonistic force that is produced reduces.

The wave that the principle of Fig. 3, Fig. 4 utilization " automatic deflection scull " is made can angle of rake birds-eye view.

According to " automatic deflection scull " recited above propelling unit, remove actuating device and big shield bar, the axle 3 of sculling is fixed on the side of hull, the axle 3 of sculling is parallel with the sea, vertical with the hull longitudinal axis, the formation wave energy boat.When the wave heave and set, big shield sheet 4 is a fulcrum with the axle 3 of sculling under the effect of hydraulic pressure, and big shield sheet 4 wing drops form thrust to a certain angle to hull.When seawater upwards gushed, " automatic deflection scull " became shown in Figure 3, gives thrust left of ship, when seawater becomes Fig. 4 to show when falling " automatic deflection scull ", gave thrust left of ship equally.In the both sides of hull, fix several " automatic deflection sculls " more, when the wave heave and set, ship has just steadily advanced.

Embodiment one

Utilize " automatic deflection scull " to obtain the first method of ship power.

The length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and the big shield sheet is vertical with the water surface with the big shield bar, and the big shield sheet is connected with the big shield bar by the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length.The big shield sheet under water, at ship both sides, cross motion.

As Fig. 5, in board actuating device promotes the big shield bar, when the big shield sheet is made cross motion under water, and the big shield sheet is wing drop under the effect of the hydraulic pressure and the axle of sculling, and to the oblique water that pushes away, makes ship obtain forward power.

In the hull both sides, according to the length of hull, the degree of depth of drinking water, many groups are set from putting the oar propelling unit, left-right symmetric preferably is in case hull waves.Many more from pendulum oar propelling unit, steady more during the hull operation.Power is also strong more.

Drive the propulsion source of " automatic deflection scull " motion, can adopt artificial muscle, it uses electric energy, and is simple in structure, noiseless during operation.It has a cover automatic control circuit, utilizes this circuit, can make " automatic deflection scull ", according to the size that is subjected to resistance, changes the running velocity of artificial muscle automatically, makes ship be easy to control.

Promote the ship operation in this way, best results, it can use the water of the maximum area of ship both sides, obtains maximum propelling thrust.And accomplish easily ship steadily.

Embodiment two

Utilize " automatic deflection scull " to obtain the second method of ship power.

The length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and is parallel with the side of a ship, and the axle of sculling is vertical with the big shield bar, parallel with the water surface, and the big shield sheet is connected with the big shield bar by the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length, big shield sheet up-and-down movement in water.

As Fig. 6, in the both sides of hull, many groups axle automatic deflection oar propelling units parallel with the water surface of sculling are set, blade is at the both sides of hull up-and-down movement, makes ship obtain forward power.

This method need be provided with slideway in the hull both sides, and it can increase the resistance of ship in water, and the axle of sculling moves on slideway, needs a sliding system, and it also can consume certain power.It is suitable for huge ship, uses the big shield sheet of big size.

Embodiment three

Utilize " automatic deflection scull " to obtain the third method of ship power.

The length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, axle is parallel with sculling, and the big shield sheet is connected with the big shield bar by the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar swings up and down in the both sides of ship, and the big shield sheet is swung thereupon.

As Fig. 7, this design makes " automatic deflection scull " wing as bird, dances in the air up and down in the both sides of ship, obtains bigger activity space for making the big shield sheet, and it is suitable for doing the propelling unit of Submarine.Also can make flapping wing aircraft, aloft circle in the air.

Embodiment four

Utilize " automatic deflection scull " to obtain the 4th kind of method of ship power.

The length direction of big shield bar is parallel with the service direction of ship, and the axle of sculling is vertical with the water surface with the big shield sheet, and the big shield sheet is connected with the big shield bar by the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar drives the big shield sheet and does movement in a curve, and the big shield sheet is done teeter.

As Fig. 8,, many groups " automatic deflection scull " propelling unit parallel with the water surface is set in the back of hull.When actuating device promotes the swing of big shield stalk, drive " automatic deflection scull " and do movement in a curve, as sculling, make ship obtain forward power.

This method is no matter which kind of power it uses, and it all needs a driving device, can increase manufacturing cost.If be used for canoe, " automatic deflection scull " is located at stern, canoe is passed through in very narrow place.Scull if make the people, effect also can be fine.

Be for enlarging the angle of rake use of automatic deflection scull, making following imagination.

1, utilize " automatic deflection scull " to be designed to water airship.

As Figure 10, in " automatic deflection scull " (for guaranteeing the stability of hull) that is provided with below the ship more than two groups, the buoyancy of " automatic deflection scull " is big to hull is emerged.

Sculling under water like this, ship forms water airship on the water.

" automatic deflection scull " with the high-speed state of low resistance, drives the above ship operation of the water surface under water.Low resistance can be saved the energy, can improve ship's speed.Hull can be made, as the barrel of aircraft, and like this can be with the interference of weak breath stream.Hull also can be made just parallel, helps installing propelling unit like this.Even because what accident hull occurs dried up nearer flight, also can not cause too big infringement to hull, its safety is better than aircraft.Can accomplish unprecedentedly as its speed of ship, its stroke circuit advances than aircraft.Use the artificial muscle noiselessness pollution-free, this point is also very important.

Also can make hull flatly, be similar to the shape of wing.At the hull afterbody, the device as the blast fence on the aircraft is installed, make hull when running at high speed, utilize baffle plate to adjust the distance of the hull and the water surface.So just needn't the weight total head of hull on " automatic deflection scull ", can reduce its volume and resistance in water.

How this water airship (as Figure 11) has just compared safety with aircraft, even what accident occurs, it can not drop out of the clouds as aircraft yet, makes passenger or article be subjected to injure for the second time.Its dynamic structure is fairly simple, and manufacturing and the cost of safeguarding are also low.It can be used in the various carriers, competes with the advantage of its high speed, safety and the ship of other kind, and can fight for traveller with aircraft.Make people's long-term travel come back to the sea.

2, utilize " automatic deflection scull " propelling unit, be designed to towboat under water.

As Fig. 9, according to by the bottom shape of payload 5, a shelf 7 is set, " automatic deflection scull " angle of rake power 8 is positioned on the shelf, form a towboat 6 under water.

It can transport various motorless ships, reduces the wait that ship is stopped the bank time period, makes full use of power resource.Make a collection of unpowered ship, reduce the manufacturing cost and the difficulty of ship.Simultaneously can increase the performance and the scientific and technological content of towboat under water.As: make nuclear power source towboat, increase satellite navigation, radar navigation under water, make it become unpiloted, noiselessness towboat under water that pollute, that automation leading function is arranged.This towboat release object being towed that can also be in operation makes it under action of inertia, moves a period of time automatically, arrives the destination, towboat is saved time continue other work.

The method of a kind of utilization " automatic deflection scull " acquisition ship power that Fig. 9 has been a picture utilizes additive method also can manufacture towboat under water.

3, utilize " automatic deflection scull " to be designed to wave energy boat.

The oar axle is fixed on the both sides of hull, and the length direction of oar axle is parallel with the sea, vertical with the hull longitudinal axis.When the wave heave and set, blade is a fulcrum with the oar axle under the effect of hydraulic pressure, and the blade wing drop forms thrust to a certain angle to hull.As Fig. 3, Fig. 4.

The running velocity of this ship, the size of following sea and changing, time of run is uncontrollable, but its traffic cost is very low, not consumes energy, do not pollute, do not have noise.In the process of transporting, ship is a leak free, is not having under the situation of outside destroy, and his always afloat can not sink at the water surface.Can realize driverless operation with satellite navigation, suitable transportation oil, mineral, raw material etc. for transporting article these long-term needs, that time limitation is undemanding, demand is big, have very high economic value.Ship is big more, and " automatic deflection scull " of installation is many more, and the kinetic energy of acquisition is stronger.If wave energy boat is designed to movable island large-area, that lean on wave to move, on the island, be engaged in fishery, and processing industry, can reduce water transportation and refrigerating apparatus like this, enlarge the scope of culturing and fishing for,

Also can adopt hybrid propulsion method.On the basis of wave energy boat, add a cover Powerpush Unit.Can make so now, when wave is arranged, the use amount energy, when not having wave, working power advances.Both can reduce pollution, save the energy, can guarantee running velocity again.

Also can be designed to lifeboat on the big ship to wave energy boat, can not have long-play under the situation of energy.

Claims

1, a kind of automatic deflection scull propelling unit that is used to promote the boats and ships operation, it comprises: actuating device, big shield bar, scull axle and big shield sheet, the big shield sheet is an integral body, have the axle of sculling on the big shield sheet, actuating device connects the big shield bar, the big shield bar is by a big shield connection big shield sheet, and the axle of sculling is divided into former and later two parts to the big shield sheet, it is characterized in that: an area ratio that is big shield sheet front and back, boundary is one to one. three to scull.

2, propelling unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and the big shield sheet is vertical with the water surface with the axle of sculling, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length, the big shield sheet under water, at ship both sides cross motion.

3, propelling unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, parallel with the side of a ship, the axle of sculling is vertical with the big shield bar, vertical, parallel with the water surface with the service direction of ship, and the big shield bar is crank motion along its length, big shield sheet up-and-down movement in water.

4, propelling unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length direction of big shield bar is vertical with the service direction of ship, and the axle of sculling is parallel with the big shield bar, and the big shield bar swings up and down in the both sides of ship, and the big shield sheet is swung thereupon.

5, propelling unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length direction of big shield bar swings along the service direction of ship, and the axle of sculling is vertical with the water surface with the big shield sheet, and the big shield bar drives the big shield sheet and does movement in a curve.