CN100591894C - 用于发动机/发电机系统的电动涡轮复合结构 - Google Patents

用于发动机/发电机系统的电动涡轮复合结构 Download PDF

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CN100591894C
CN100591894C CN200680008150A CN200680008150A CN100591894C CN 100591894 C CN100591894 C CN 100591894C CN 200680008150 A CN200680008150 A CN 200680008150A CN 200680008150 A CN200680008150 A CN 200680008150A CN 100591894 C CN100591894 C CN 100591894C
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CN101142376A (zh
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R·D·斯塔尔哈特
C·T·武克
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Deere and Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G5/00Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02G5/02Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1815Rotary generators structurally associated with reciprocating piston engines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

一种发动机/发电机系统包括内燃发动机、由发动机的输出轴驱动并能够提供电能的初级发电机。涡轮增压器具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机。该系统还包括二级涡轮和将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮输入端的排气管线。次级发电机由二级涡轮驱动。电能组合电路组合了来自初级发电机和次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线。

Description

用于发动机/发电机系统的电动涡轮复合结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统。
背景技术
传统的发动机提供动力的发电机系统(“gen sets”)典型地包括由机械轴驱动AC发电机的柴油机。发动机通常由等时调节器控制。发电机被连接以提供电能给AC电力网。传递给发电机的所有电能必须通过发动机输出轴传递。因此,所有的元件必须具有合适的规格以处理发电机的峰值输出。
希望改进此发动机/发电机系统的燃料经济性和运行成本。为了降低生产成本,也希望在此系统中使用最小可能的发动机。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是在不增加发动机尺寸大小的情况下,提高发动机/发电机系统的总的电能输出。
通过本发明可以实现这个以及其它的目的,其中,发动机/发电机系统包括内燃发动机,由发动机的输出轴驱动的初级发电机,且其提供电能给电能AC传输线。该系统包括涡轮增压器,其具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机。排气管线将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮的输入端。次级发电机由二级涡轮驱动。次级发电机的电能输出与由初级发电机产生的电能组合,并传递给AC传输线。这增加了系统的净效率,并增加了发电机系统的总输出。
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由二级涡轮驱动,次级发电机为产生AC电能的高速交流发电机;以及
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自初级发电机和次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线,电能组合电路包括初级整流器,其接收来自初级发电机的AC电能;次级整流器,其接收来自交流发电机的AC电能;DC总线,其接收来自初级整流器和次级整流器的DC电能;和AC转换器,其接收来自DC总线的DC电能,并提供AC电能给传输线。
优选地,次级发电机为高速交流发电机。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
初级整流器,其接收来自初级发电机的AC电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮的输入端;
高速交流发电机,其由二级涡轮驱动,交流发电机产生AC电能;
次级整流器,其接收来自交流发电机的AC电能;
DC总线,其接收并组合来自初级整流器和次级整流器的DC电能;以及
AC转换器,其接收来自DC总线的DC电能并提供AC电能给传输线。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由二级涡轮驱动;以及
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自初级发电机和次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线;以及
排气再循环管线,其将一级涡轮的输出端连通到压缩机的输入端。
优选地,在排气再循环管线内的阀,其控制从排气再循环管线通过的气体流量。
根据本发明的再一方面,提供一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自一级涡轮的排气连通到二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由二级涡轮驱动;以及
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自初级发电机和次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线;以及
废气门管线,其将排气管线连通到二级涡轮的输出端。
优选地,在废气门管线内的阀,其用于控制从废气门管线通过的气体流量。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的发动机/发电机系统的简单示意图;
图2是根据本发明可供选择的实施例的简单示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,发动机/发电机系统10包括内燃发动机12,例如柴油机,和由发动机12的输出轴16驱动的初级的传统的发电机14。发电机输出电能给一组电力传输线18。图1中的发动机/发电机系统10优选具有使用恒速调节器控制的“genset”发动机的普通发电机结构。
涡轮增压器20包括由来自发动机12的排气驱动的一级涡轮22和由一级涡轮20驱动并提供进气给发动机12的压缩机24。
排气管线30将来自一级涡轮22的排气连通到二级涡轮32。次级发电机或“涡轮-发电机”34由二级涡轮32驱动。次级发电机34优选高速交流发电机。次级发电机34提供电能给整流器/AC转换器36。整流器/AC转换器36将来自发电机34的电能转换成与由发电机14产生的电能匹配的形式或频率,并将其传递到传输线18上。因此,根据图1中的系统,涡轮-发电机提供被直接转换成AC电能的整流DC。
排气再循环管线40将一级涡轮22的输出端连通到压缩机24的输入端,排气再循环管线40上的阀42控制流经此处的排气的流量。
废气门管线44将排气管线30和一级涡轮22的输出端连通到二级涡轮32的输出端,且管线44上的阀46控制流经此处的排气的流量。控制单元(未示出)可适用于控制阀42和阀44,从而根据需要控制二级涡轮32的输出。
现参照图2,这里示出了“genset”结构,其中发动机具有非同步控制(未示出),初级发电机的输出整流为DC并且与普通DC总线上的涡轮发电机DC结合,然后整流为AC电能。在图2的实施例中,发电机14提供三相电能给电气单元50,电气单元50包括整流器52、DC总线54和AC转换器56。总线54将整流器52与转换器56连接。
二级涡轮32驱动提供三相电能给整流器62的高速交流发电机或“涡轮-发电机”60。整流器62提供DC电能给DC总线54,使得来自整流器52和整流器62的组合电能供应到AC转换器56,并使得组合的电能供应到传输线18。
然后AC转换器提供AC电能到线18上。
此系统独立于发动机轴的机械连接,将消耗的能量转换为电能并输入到电力传输线上。这在没有增加发动机尺寸大小的情况下,增加了总的电能输出,因此提高了燃料的效率。对于给定的发电机输出,可以减小发动机的尺寸。换言之,在图2的系统中,初级发电机14的输出整流为DC并且与来自普通DC总线上的涡轮-发电机60的DC电能组合,然后整流或转换为AC电能。
因此,根据图1和图2的系统,涡轮-发电机的输出与发动机驱动发电机的输出组合。这对于给定的发动机尺寸,可以获得电能输出的最大值,以及总的系统效率的优化。
结合具体实施例对本发明进行了描述,应该理解,根据前述所做的任何选择、修改和变型,对于本领域技术人员是显而易见的。因此,本发明意图包括落入本发明权利要求的精神和范围内的所有这些选择、修改和变型。

Claims (7)

1.一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由所述发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自所述发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由所述一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给所述发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自所述一级涡轮的排气连通到所述二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由所述二级涡轮驱动,所述次级发电机为产生AC电能的高速交流发电机;以及
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自所述初级发电机和所述次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线,所述电能组合电路包括初级整流器,其接收来自所述初级发电机的AC电能;次级整流器,其接收来自所述交流发电机的AC电能;DC总线,其接收来自所述初级整流器和次级整流器的DC电能;和AC转换器,其接收来自所述DC总线的DC电能,并提供AC电能给所述传输线。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发动机提供动力的发电机系统,其特征在于:
所述次级发电机为高速交流发电机。
3.一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由所述发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
初级整流器,其接收来自所述初级发电机的AC电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自所述发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由所述一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给所述发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自所述一级涡轮的排气连通到所述二级涡轮的输入端;
高速交流发电机,其由所述二级涡轮驱动,所述交流发电机产生AC电能;
次级整流器,其接收来自所述交流发电机的AC电能;
DC总线,其接收并组合来自所述初级整流器和次级整流器的DC电能;以及
AC转换器,其接收来自所述DC总线的DC电能并提供AC电能给传输线。
4.一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由所述发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自所述发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由所述一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给所述发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自所述一级涡轮的排气连通到所述二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由所述二级涡轮驱动;
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自所述初级发电机和所述次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线;以及
排气再循环管线,其将所述一级涡轮的输出端连通到所述压缩机的输入端。
5.根据权利要求4所述的发动机提供动力的发电机系统,其特征在于,还包括:在所述排气再循环管线内的阀,其控制从所述排气再循环管线通过的气体流量。
6.一种发动机提供动力的发电机系统,包括:
内燃发动机;
初级发电机,其由所述发动机的输出轴驱动且其提供电能;
涡轮增压器,其具有由来自所述发动机的排气驱动的一级涡轮和由所述一级涡轮驱动并提供进气给所述发动机的压缩机;
二级涡轮;
排气管线,其将来自所述一级涡轮的排气连通到所述二级涡轮的输入端;
次级发电机,其由所述二级涡轮驱动;
电能组合电路,其用于组合来自所述初级发电机和所述次级发电机的电能,并将组合的电能传递给传输线;以及
废气门管线,其将所述排气管线连通到所述二级涡轮的输出端。
7.根据权利要求6所述的发动机提供动力的发电机系统,其特征在于,还包括:在所述废气门管线内的阀,其用于控制从所述废气门管线通过的气体流量。
CN200680008150A 2005-03-14 2006-02-27 用于发动机/发电机系统的电动涡轮复合结构 Expired - Fee Related CN100591894C (zh)

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CN101142376A (zh) 2008-03-12
BRPI0609011A2 (pt) 2010-11-16
US7047743B1 (en) 2006-05-23
AR053166A1 (es) 2007-04-25
MX2007010615A (es) 2007-10-17
WO2006098866A1 (en) 2006-09-21
AU2006223558A1 (en) 2006-09-21
EP1861588B1 (en) 2014-06-25
ZA200707889B (en) 2008-12-31
JP2008533383A (ja) 2008-08-21
EP1861588A1 (en) 2007-12-05

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