CN100588327C - 低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料 - Google Patents
低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title description 2
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
Abstract
本发明涉及水产养殖饲料技术领域，特别是一种低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料。该添加剂预混料是由复合维生素类及复合矿物质类组成，以每吨饲料的添加量为基准，添加剂预混料在以虾饲料中的添加量为20-30kg，其中复合维生素类5-10kg，复合矿物质类15-25kg。养殖试验证明，本发明的低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，能满足凡纳对虾在低盐度水体集约化养殖下的微量营养素的需要，养殖对象生长迅速，饲料转化率高，免疫力增强，饲料系数0.9-1.3。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖饲料技术领域，特别是一种低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料。
背景技术
凡纳对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)，俗称南美白对虾，原产于美洲的广盐性甲壳类，该品种以产量大、出肉率高、易于集约化养殖以及肉质鲜美等特点而迅速成为水产养殖业界的新贵，其产量近十年来一直雄居世界对虾产量的榜首地位。鉴于其广盐性(0.5--4.0)，凡纳对虾不仅遍及沿海各省的海水区域，甚至内地也有一定的淡水养殖市场。2003年统计表明，我国低盐度(0--5)养殖(也即淡水养殖)凡纳对虾的产量约占总量的50％。尽管有关海水养殖环境下的凡纳对虾研究较多，然而，淡水条件下的养殖研究还是一个相对全新的未知领域。低盐度养殖环境由于养殖水体盐度、矿物元素含量的变化而形成的胁迫效应，导致凡纳对虾的生理活性、免疫机能以及营养需求的变化，同时对水质理化了的毒性效应反应更为敏感，长此以往势必导致养殖产量低、养殖品质差以及养殖水域的生态失衡等严重后果，最影响淡水养殖凡纳对虾的市场竞争力与可持续发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，其适用于低盐度养殖环境，弥补了现有海水养殖对虾饲料配制技术的上述不足。
为实现上述目的本发明采取的技术方案是，该低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料是由复合维生素类及复合矿物质类组成，复合维生素类由以下重量比的原料制成(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)：
维生素A 30-50g 维生素D 15-25g 维生素E 100-150g
维生素K3 25-50g 维生素B1 20-40g 维生素B2 20--40g
维生素B6 30-50g 维生素B1 23-8g 烟酸50-80g
泛酸钙30-60g 叶酸3-10g 生物素15-30g
肌醇100--200g 维生素C酯500-1000g 肉碱100-200g
抗氧化剂150--300g 防霉剂400-1000g 脱壳素300--1000g
枯草芽胞菌1000-2000g 免疫多糖1000-2000g 统糠300-500g；
复合矿物质类由以下重量比的原料制成(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)：
磷酸二氢钙6000--10000g 磷酸二氢钾1000-3000g 硫酸镁3000-6000g
甘氨酸铜50-120g 蛋氨酸钴40-60g 碘酸钾10-30g
蛋氨酸锌120-200g 甘氨酸锰50-100g 硫酸亚铁30-80g
亚硒酸钠30-60g 氯化胆碱3000-4000g 沸石粉300-600g
甜菜碱500-1000g。
所述复合维生素类的各原料最佳重量比为(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)：
维生素A 40g 维生素D 25g 维生素E 150g
维生素K3 40g 维生素B1 40g 维生素B2 40g
维生素B6 50g 维生素B1 26g 烟酸70g
泛酸钙50g 叶酸8g 生物素30g
肌醇200g 维生素C酯800g 肉碱100g
抗氧化剂150g 防霉剂400g 脱壳素300g
枯草芽胞菌1200g 免疫多糖1000g 统糠301g；
复合矿物质类的各原料最佳重量比为(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)：
磷酸二氢钙8500g 磷酸二氢钾1700g 硫酸镁4500g
甘氨酸铜60g 蛋氨酸钴45g 碘酸钾20g
蛋氨酸锌160g 甘氨酸锰60g 硫酸亚铁30g
亚硒酸钠35g 氯化胆碱3500g 沸石粉390g
甜菜碱1000g。
所述低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，以每吨饲料的添加量为基准，添加剂预混料在以虾饲料中的添加量为20-30kg，其中复合维生素类5--10kg，复合矿物质类15--25kg。
本发明的优点：
(1)提高饲料利用率，增强免疫力，养殖对象生长迅速。
(2)维生素与矿物元素分别配制，利于各营养素的理化性质的相对稳定保护，生物学效价高，有利于改善饲料加工性能。
(3)本添加剂预混料所用的原料来源稳定、长期使用安全高效、无毒副作用。
具体实施方式
本添加剂预混料需将复合维生素类和复合矿物质类分别配制，复合维生素类配制如下(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)，根据各原料的有效成分含量精确计算，准确称取维生素A 40g、维生素D 25g、维生素E 150g、维生素K3 40g、维生素B1 40g、维生素B2 40g、维生素B6 50g、维生素B12 6g、烟酸70g、泛酸钙50g、叶酸8g、生物素30g、肌醇200g、维生素C酯800g、肉碱100g、抗氧化剂150g、防霉剂400g、枯草芽胞菌1200g、免疫多糖1000g、脱壳素300g、统糠301g，加料顺序是先放统糠然后加入上述其他原料，混合均匀后分装标注。
复合矿物质类配制如下(以每吨饲料的添加量为基数)：根据各原料的有效成分含量精确计算，准确称取磷酸二氢钙8500g、磷酸二氢钾1700g、硫酸镁4500g、甘氨酸铜60g、蛋氨酸钴45g、碘酸钾20g、蛋氨酸锌160g、甘氨酸锰60g、硫酸亚铁30g、亚硒酸钠35g、氯化胆碱3500g、甜菜碱1000g及沸石粉390g，加料顺序是先放沸石粉然后加入上述其他原料，混合均匀后分装标注。
为了便于储藏，将复合维生素类及复合矿物质类分开包装，使用时，根据它们在饲料的添加量按比例添加，饲料、复合维生素类与复合矿物质类的重量比为1000kg∶5kg∶20kg。也可将复合维生素类与复合矿物质类按重量比为5kg∶20kg进行混合制成预混料，再以每吨对虾饲料中添加20--30kg的预混料进行使用。
养殖试验证明，本发明的低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，能满足凡纳对虾在低盐度水体集约化养殖下的微量营养素的需要，养殖对象生长迅速，饲料转化率高，免疫力增强，饲料系数0.9--1.3。
Claims (3)
1、一种低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，其特征是它由复合维生素类及复合矿物质类组成，复合复合维生素类由以下重量比的原料制成，以每吨饲料的添加量为基数：
维生素A 30-50g 维生素D 15-25g 维生素E 100-150g
维生素K3 25-50g 维生素B1 20-40g 维生素B2 20-40g
维生素B6 30-50g 维生素B12 3-8g 烟酸50-80g
泛酸钙30-60g 叶酸3-10g 生物素15-30g
肌醇100-200g 维生素C酯500-1000g 肉碱100-200g
抗氧化剂150-300g 防霉剂400-1000g 脱壳素300-1000g
枯草芽胞菌1000-2000g 免疫多糖1000-2000g 统糠300-500g；
复合矿物质类，由以下重量比的原料制成，以每吨饲料的添加量为基数：
磷酸二氢钙6000-10000g 磷酸二氢钾1000-3000g 硫酸镁3000-6000g
甘氨酸铜50-120g 蛋氨酸钴40-60g 碘酸钾10-30g
蛋氨酸锌120-200g 甘氨酸锰50-100g 硫酸亚铁30-80g
亚硒酸钠30-60g 氯化胆碱3000-4000g 沸石粉300-600g
甜菜碱500-1000g。
2、据权利要求1所述的低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，其特征是所述复合维生素类的各原料重量比为，以每吨饲料的添加量为基数：
维生素A 40g 维生素D 25g 维生素E 150g
维生素K3 40g 维生素B 140g 维生素B2 40g
维生素B6 50g 维生素B12 6g 烟酸70g
泛酸钙50g 叶酸8g 生物素30g
肌醇200g 维生素C酯800g 肉碱100g
抗氧化剂150g 防霉剂400g 脱壳素300g
枯草芽胞菌1200g 免疫多糖1000g 统糠301g；
复合矿物质类的各原料重量比为，以每吨饲料的添加量为基数：
磷酸二氢钙8500g 磷酸二氢钾1700g 硫酸镁4500g
甘氨酸铜60g 蛋氨酸钴45g 碘酸钾20g
蛋氨酸锌160g 甘氨酸锰60g 硫酸亚铁30g
亚硒酸钠35g 氯化胆碱3500g 沸石粉390g
甜菜碱1000g。
3、据权利要求1所述的低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，其特征是所述低盐度养殖凡纳对虾添加剂预混料，以每吨饲料的添加量为基准，添加剂预混料在对虾饲料中的添加量为20-30kg，其中复合维生素类5-10kg，复合矿物质类15-25kg。
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