CN100585337C - 光学编码器和定位夹 - Google Patents

光学编码器和定位夹 Download PDF

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CN100585337C
CN100585337C CN200510069973A CN200510069973A CN100585337C CN 100585337 C CN100585337 C CN 100585337C CN 200510069973 A CN200510069973 A CN 200510069973A CN 200510069973 A CN200510069973 A CN 200510069973A CN 100585337 C CN100585337 C CN 100585337C
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optical encoder
pedestal
code wheel
axle
scrambler
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CN1696614A (zh
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叶腾宏
谭锡铭
谭滕希
罗木隆
欧艾艾
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Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/347Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells using displacement encoding scales
    • G01D5/3473Circular or rotary encoders
    • G01D5/34738Axles; Driving or coupling means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/24428Error prevention
    • G01D5/24433Error prevention by mechanical means
    • G01D5/24442Error prevention by mechanical means by mounting means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D2205/00Indexing scheme relating to details of means for transferring or converting the output of a sensing member
    • G01D2205/60Means for precisely aligning or centering the disk of a rotary encoder, e.g. fitting jigs

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种使光学编码器相对于编码轮定位的方法。定位夹通过与编码轮的轴和编码器上的参考特征相匹配,被用来使编码器相对于编码轮的轴定位,参考特征可以包括销或者销的接纳装置。销中的一个或多个可以被形成锥度来加速装配。

Description

光学编码器和定位夹
技术领域
根据本发明的实施例一般地涉及光学编码器,更具体地涉及可旋转的光学编码器。更加具体地,根据本发明的实施例涉及光学编码器相对于编码轮的定位。
背景技术
编码器是向电机控制系统提供反馈的运动检测器。典型的编码器设计由在透光、反射或成像结构中操作的发射器/检测器模块组成。当与编码轮协同操作时,编码器将旋转运动转换为数字输出。
当检测器的分辨率增加时,对编码器相对于编码轮的正确定位的要求也提高了。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了适于和定位夹一起使用的光学编码器。定位夹与保持编码轮的轴相匹配。定位夹具有与光学编码器的配合特征相匹配的参考特征,以提供编码器相对于编码轮的轴的正确的径向和切向定位。
附图说明
结合附图阅读时,通过参考对根据本发明的实施例的以下详细说明,将最好地理解本发明,其中:
图1示出了本领域已知的透光光学编码器,
图2示出了本领域已知的反射光学编码器,
图3示出了本领域已知的成像光学编码器,
图4是编码器和编码轮的侧视图,
图5是安装误差的图,以及
图6示出了光学编码器、编码轮以及定位夹。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及光学编码器、以及可旋转的光学编码器相对于编码轮的定位。提供以下描述以使得本领域技术人员可以制造并使用本发明,并在专利申请及其要求的背景下提供。所公开实施例的各种修改对本领域技术人员显而易见,而此处的通用原理可以应用至其他实施例。因此,本发明并不意味着局限于所示出的实施例,而是应当与根据所附权利要求以及根据在此描述的原理和特征的最大范围相一致。
现在参考附图,具体地参考图1至3,示出了用于本发明的代表性的光学编码器。
在图1中示出的透光类型的编码器中,编码器100由光源110和检测器120组成。包含透明和不透明区域的图案的编码轮130中断从源110传播至检测器120的光。各种技术可以应用于此种编码器。源110可以是任何发光器,比如白炽灯泡,虽然优选为发光二极管。也可以使用激光二极管。检测器120优选为光电二极管,虽然也可以使用比如光电管或者光电导器件的其他技术。编码轮130可以是诸如具有位于其上的不透明区域的塑料或玻璃之类的透明材料,或者可以是诸如具有位于其内的孔来允许光通过的金属盘之类的不透明材料。
图2示出了反射编码器200,带有源210和检测器220。编码轮230将来自源210的光反射至检测器220。源210和检测器220的技术协调相似于透光类型编码器中的情况。编码轮230包含将来自源210的光反射至检测器220的区域,以及不将来自源210的光反射至检测器220的区域。此反射的性质不需要是聚焦反射或锐反射;其性质通常是镜面反射。编码轮230可以用带有反射元件的非反射材料制成,或者可以用具有掩蔽非反射区域的反射材料制成。
图3示出了成像编码器。在成像编码器中,发射器310和编码轮330类似于如图2中示出的用于反射编码器中的情况。在成像编码器中,成像障列320不仅仅被用作比如用于较简单的透光和反射编码器设计中的简单光电检测器。
图4示出了编码器和编码轮的侧视图。轴410支撑编码轮420。轴410通常通过使用未示出的轴承可旋转地安装到基座430。编码器440也安装到基座430。编码器440相对于编码轮420的定位对于编码器440的正确操作是至关重要的。当编码轮420和检测器440的分辨率增加时,此定位变得更加重要。
图5是两个重要的安装误差的图。轴510支撑编码轮520。理想地,编码器将被定位于离轴中心的特定径向距离530处。编码器还应当处于对径线530的切向540。一个过分夸张的切向误差被示为线550。对此发明重要的两个误差是径向误差和切向误差。
根据本发明,以及图6中所示,定位夹600包括中心柱610,其带有用于接纳轴410的凹槽620。当定位夹600被降低,而轴410与柱610中的凹槽620啮合时,定位夹600上的定位柱630与编码器440中的定位凹槽640啮合。在优选实施例中,定位柱630匹配位于与柱630相同径向距离处的未示出的一个附加的柱。虽然可以使用两个以上的匹配定位柱和凹槽,但已经发现两个柱-槽对适于提供所需的定位。
当定位夹600上的定位柱与编码器440中对应的定位凹槽啮合时,编码器440相对轴410保持精确的径向和切向定位。当通过使用定位夹600而提供此定位时,编码器440可以在适当位置固定到基座430。可以通过使用例如螺钉的紧固件,通过包括但不局限于氰基丙烯酸盐或环氧树脂的粘接剂,或其组合来实现此固定。作为例子,在粘接剂凝固时,螺钉可以用来将编码器440保持在基座430上的合适位置处。
虽然在优选实施例中,在定位夹600上布置与编码器中的凹槽啮合的柱,但柱可以设置在编码器上,而凹槽在定位夹上。一个柱可以设置在定位夹上,而一个柱可以设置在编码器上。
为帮助定位,定位销的一部分可以形成锥度。此外,定位轴610上的凹槽620可以被扩口来方便其与轴410的啮合。扩口也可以应用于编码器440中的定位凹槽上。销上锥度和凹槽上扩口的应用可以帮助定位夹600与轴410和编码器440容易啮合。
前面关于本发明的详细说明是为举例说明的目的而提供的,而不意味着是穷举性的或者将本发明局限于所公开的特定实施例。因此本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。

Claims (12)

1.一种将光学编码器定位到安装在轴上的编码轮的方法,所述编码轮可旋转地安装到基座,所述光学编码器也安装到所述基座,所述方法包括:
使定位夹上的第一定位装置与所述轴相啮合,所述定位夹不同于所述基座,以及
使所述定位夹上的第二定位装置与所述光学编码器上相应的定位装置相啮合,以使所述光学编码器相对于所述轴定位。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述定位夹上的所述第二定位装置包括多个销。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法,其中至少所述多个销中的一个的一部分被形成锥度。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述光学编码器上的所述定位装置包括多个销。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其中至少所述多个销中的一个的一部分被形成锥度。
6.一种将光学编码器定位到安装在轴上的编码轮的方法,所述编码轮可旋转地安装到基座,所述方法包括:
使定位夹上的第一定位装置与所述轴相啮合,所述定位夹不同于所述基座,
使所述定位夹上的第二定位装置与所述光学编码器上相应的定位装置相啮合,以使所述光学编码器相对于所述轴定位,以及
将所述光学编码器固定到所述基座,以保持所述光学编码器相对于所述基座的定位。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中使用粘接剂将所述光学编码器固定到所述基座。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中使用螺钉将所述光学编码器固定到所述基座。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述定位夹上的所述第二定位装置包括多个销。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其中至少所述多个销中的一个的一部分被形成锥度。
11.如权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述光学编码器上的所述定位装置包括多个销。
12.如权利要求11所述的方法,其中至少所述多个销中的一个的一部分被形成锥度。
CN200510069973A 2004-05-12 2005-05-11 光学编码器和定位夹 Expired - Fee Related CN100585337C (zh)

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US10/843,820 US20050253094A1 (en) 2004-05-12 2004-05-12 Optical encoder and alignment jig
US10/843,820 2004-05-12

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CN100585337C true CN100585337C (zh) 2010-01-27

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US20070120047A1 (en) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Wong Weng F Ring-configured photodiode array and optical encoders using the same
US9943302B2 (en) 2008-08-12 2018-04-17 Covidien Lp Medical device for wound closure and method of use
US8158924B2 (en) * 2008-10-09 2012-04-17 Xerox Corporation Optical encoder assembly with a flexible beam
CN101504294B (zh) * 2009-03-09 2010-09-29 中国科学院光电技术研究所 编码盘上光电对管的定位装置
CN103129953A (zh) * 2011-12-01 2013-06-05 苏州工业园区高登威科技有限公司 一种化妆品下盖体安装定位装置
JP2020012730A (ja) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-23 多摩川精機株式会社 磁気式エンコーダおよびその取り付け方法
CN113696112B (zh) * 2021-06-07 2023-01-03 武汉理工大学 光电非接触船舶轴功率仪的码盘安装定位装置

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US4500780A (en) * 1983-01-03 1985-02-19 Pitney Bowes Inc. Apparatus and method for aligning postage meter components with an optical sensor

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