CN100579773C - Heat isolating composite film and its preparation and use - Google Patents
Heat isolating composite film and its preparation and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN100579773C CN100579773C CN200510024710A CN200510024710A CN100579773C CN 100579773 C CN100579773 C CN 100579773C CN 200510024710 A CN200510024710 A CN 200510024710A CN 200510024710 A CN200510024710 A CN 200510024710A CN 100579773 C CN100579773 C CN 100579773C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of heat isolating composite film and its preparation process and use. Structurally, the heat isolating composite film consists of compounded base polymer film of high strength and low heat conducting coefficient, metal layer with high reflecting performance, metal oxide layer with high heat isolating performance and outer polymer film with low heat conducting coefficient and high hot adhering strength. The composite film may have thickness of 12-1000 micron. The heat isolating composite film is prepared through evaporation plating one very thin compact metal layer and one very thin loose metal layer successively onto rolled polymer film and then oxidizing, or evaporation plating metal oxide layer directly; and final rolling or curtain coating one other polymer film layer. The heat isolating composite film has excellent heat insulating performance, is light, thin and soft, and may be used in various flexible heat insulating material.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the functional composite material field, be high-performance thermal isolation flexible compound film material and preparation and application technology.
Background technology:
The membrane science technology has developed since the fifties rapidly, has now obtained extensive use in fields such as industry, agricultural, medical science, becomes a branch of structure and functional material.With regard to the basic problem and application of membrane science technology, be membrane material or membrane structure and functional material.Because but good, the in light weight plyability of pliability of membrane structure material is strong, rigid material can be become flexible material, can be efficiently and utilize material targetedly, therefore in the last few years, new material in this field, new technology, new technology constantly occur, relevant basic and application foundation Journal of Sex Research also has more to be carried out, and this has greatly expanded applicability and the use of membrane material under harsh conditions.
The single-layer polymer film tube that performance in the past is single and low is substituted by multilayer or multilayer complex films morely.Multilayer complex films can make full use of the characteristics of its each layer, and the action and function between key-course remedies shortcoming separately, thereby is designed or use required function and structure.
The action need protection in human lives, work, exploration and outer space is especially to light, heat or the protection of radiation mutually.The basic demand of this protection is lightweight, softness, inaction obstacle, irredundant weight and resistance burden, and be effectively, protection efficiently.Application membrane material for this specialization has more research and patent in recent years.Heat insulation composite bed (Nedzu Shigeru as Japanese's application, Heat-resistantcomposite sheet and container formed of the same, USP No.4943459, July24,1990, Polyplastics Co., Ltd.), this invents described heat insulation composite bed is foamed polystyrene layer and polybutylene terephthalate resin film, it perhaps is the foamed polystyrene layer, polystyrene resin film and polybutylene terephthalate resin film are composited, wherein, the polybutylene terephthalate resin mould is prolonged into independent one deck, suits to do extexine, and integral thickness is 0.5～7mm, wherein, the thickness of polybutylene terephthalate resin film is 5～200 μ m.This heat insulation composite bed is used for the heat-insulated container of micro-wave oven, and taste of food is not had influence, and container possesses good heat-proof quality after culinary art.The shaping heat insulator of Japanese application for another example: (Kyutoku Hirofumi, Kitano Kimio, Hamada Kengo, Yamamoto Koichi, YoshikawaTakahiko, Formed thermal insulator and process for preparation of same, USPNo.5242723, Sempemter 7,1993, Osaka Gas Company, Ltd., Nikko Kasei Co., Ltd.), this invents described heat insulator is the tubulose heat insulator that is formed through the carbide resin bonding by the carbon fiber layer of screw winding and interlayer.The bulk density of this heat insulator reduces from inside to outside gradually, at 0.08～0.5g/cm
3Between the scope; Fibrolaminar thickness does not clearly limit, and in 5～20mm scope, heat resisting temperature is at least 650 ℃ usually.When bulk density is 0.03～0.08g/cm
3Heat resisting temperature is 1,500 ℃; Increase to 0.14～0.4g/cm and work as bulk density
3, heat resisting temperature reaches as high as 2,500 ℃.This thermal isolation body is mainly used in the vacuum melting furnace field.The duplicating layer (Nagafuchi Kazumasa, Copying sheet, the USPNo.6203874 that also have Japanese's application, March 20,2001, Kisokaseisangyou Co.Ltd.), the described duplicating layer of this invention is made of print film and basement membrane, is made of the foam polyester film.The print film outer surface has delustring material coating and antistatic coating, the average grain diameter of the Si particle that the delustring material comprises is less than 5 μ m, the delustring layer thickness is 0.5～10 μ m, surface adhesion basement membrane in the printed layers, membrane surface has delustring material coating and antistatic coating, and the average grain diameter of the Si particle that the delustring material comprises is between 3～10 μ m, and thickness is 7～15 μ m, can the two-layer or overlapping use of multilayer, the integral thickness that duplicates layer is about 75 μ m.This duplicates layer under long-time relatively, higher temperature, can not take place to curl and shrink.In addition, domestic patent as: waterproof and heat-insulating film (Li Dan it, Chen Huajun, water-proof thermal insulation flame retardant composite film, patent (application) number: 02136922.4,2002.09.10), it is combined through the seccotine bonding by polyester film, metallic diaphragm, metal oxide layer, flame-retardant layer, glass layer.Its water resistance is splendid, and is heat insulation, fire resistance is superior, and during burning, can not produce halogen and so on poison gas and dense smoke, and mechanical strength is better than present like product, and long service life, can be widely used on the roadbed of building construction, highway and railway.
From existing patented technology as can be seen, existing secluding film material not only thickness is too thick, and function singleness.Simultaneously, not high as the performance of thermal isolation purposes, feature is indeterminate or not obvious, even is not to be used for thermal isolation.And proposed in the practical application high and low temperature environment is kept demand flexible, the frivolous material of quality down, as space technology, exploration, motion, special engineering etc.The present invention is directed to this application demand and material characteristics, utilization multiple layer combination structural design and preparation heat insulating function composite membrane are proposed, and it is heat insulation from contact thermal resistance, heat reflection and the conduction of material, and the mechanical stability of film itself sets out, solve heat insulating function and effect, high flexibility and the hear resistance of ultrathin flexible film.This patent main application fields is the protection in the activities such as human lives, work, exploration, outer space, especially to the protection of the light under the moving condition, heat radiation and conduction.The principal character of material is the protection efficiently of lightweight, softness, inaction obstacle, irredundant weight and resistance burden.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of insulation effect is good, lightweight, soft composite membrane.
Purpose of the present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned heat insulation compound preparation method.
Another object of the present invention provides the purposes of above-mentioned heat insulating compound film.
Principle of the present invention is by designing the composite membrane of 4 layers of structure that are composited by high-polymer membrane and metal level.Heat insulation with the high polymer basement membrane as strengthening part; With with the directly compound metal film of basement membrane as the reflected radiation thermosphere; With the metal level of oxidation porous as follow-up thermal insulation layer; Cover in addition high-polymer membrane as reduce intermembranous contact, part is heat insulation again and can with other film heat bondings or the bonding outer overlay film of function of adhesive; With these four layers of thermal isolation film that is composited as basic separate unit; And with film formed multistage combination thermal protection of MULTILAYER COMPOSITE or closed system.Simultaneously composite membrane have from heat absorption less, damage is little, hear resistance is high, the characteristics of stable mechanical property.This multilayer complex films towards the order of thermal source be the high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient high polymer basement membrane, highly reflective can the metal oxide layer of metal level, high thermal insulation and the cohesible high polymer of low heat conductivity outside overlay film.Can single thus composite membrane or the laminated construction system of multilayer complex films, efficient, lightweight, soft thermal protective system and realize the thermal isolation function.
The primary structure of composite membrane of the present invention with act as four parts: the high polymer basement membrane of high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient, highly reflective can metal level, the metal oxide layer and the outer overlay film of the cohesible high polymer of low heat conductivity of high thermal insulation, general thickness is 12～30 μ m, but MULTILAYER COMPOSITE also, the integral thickness of this composite membrane is 12～1000 μ m.
A. high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient high polymer basement membrane is high performance terylene, polyamide fibre, polypropylene fibre or poly tetrafluoroethylene, is fine and close hermetically sealable film, is present business-like function admirable, the uniform high-polymer membrane of quality.
B. the metal level of highly reflective energy is gold, aluminum or aluminum alloy coating, and the coat of metal that utilizes high compactness is to light, thermal-radiating highly reflective energy, and reflection irradiation thermal source heat is realized the reflective insulation function.
C. the metal oxide layer of high thermal insulation is the aluminum or aluminum alloy oxide coating, the feature of loose many microscopic dimensions micropore, isolated heat conduction energy.
D. the cohesible high-polymer membrane of low heat conductivity is high-performance terylene, polyamide fibre, polypropylene fibre or poly tetrafluoroethylene; be the outer overlay film of the coarse high polymer of the airtight outer surface of densification; it mainly act as outer protection metal level, the heat insulation again and low thermal contact conductance at last of covering; and thermal bondable; or it is bonding to be convenient to adhesive, realizes the effect of thermal isolation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the metal oxide layer 3 of the high polymer basement membrane 1 that 4 layers of structure of heat insulating compound film are the high-strength low heat conductivity coefficients, the metal level 2 of highly reflective energy, high thermal insulation and the outer overlay film 4 of the cohesible high polymer of low heat conductivity, its face towards thermal source, is seen accompanying drawing 1 by this order.
The preparation of film of the present invention is by on the high-polymer membrane to calendaring molding, evaporation plating densified metal layer as thin as a wafer; Plate loose metal level as thin as a wafer again, the oxidation of executing then, or this metal level of direct oxidation evaporation plating; Last compound with calendering polymer film or pouring high-polymer membrane, make this heat insulating compound film.The preparation procedure of heat insulating compound film is:
3 layers → bonding outer overlay film 4 → heat insulating compound film of 2 layers → plating heat insulating metal layer of basement membrane 1 shaping → plating reflective metal layer.
A. high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient high polymer basement membrane 1 is for adopting high-performance terylene, polyamide fibre, polypropylene fibre or the poly tetrafluoroethylene of calendering process shaping, its thickness is generally 6～800 μ m, the main effect of film is enhancing, elementary heat insulation and airtight, is the mechanics durability material of whole composite membrane.The temperature applicability of film is at-150 ℃～120 ℃.
B. the metal level 2 of highly reflective energy is for adopting gold, the aluminum or aluminum alloy close coating of evaporation coating, and the thickness of coating is generally at 10nm～120nm.
C. the metal oxide layer 3 of high thermal insulation is the aluminum or aluminum alloy oxide layer, adopts evaporation or plasma sputtering plating loose metal level as thin as a wafer down, the oxidation of executing then, or directly adopt the method for oxidation evaporation to plate this metal level, thickness is 20～150nm.
D. the outer overlay film 4 of the cohesible high polymer of low heat conductivity is made for adopting calendering high-polymer membrane hot pressing method compound or that drench high-polymer membrane, and outer surface handles through roughening, and the thickness of described outer overlay film is generally 5～300 μ m, and can be bonding.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes following advantage:
A. the formation of composite membrane is simple, is that the high-polymer membrane centre is that two metal layers is composited by the two sides, has increased heat-insulating function layer.
B. the composite membrane function is reasonable, complete, and the high-polymer membrane on two surfaces can form low thermal contact conductance, and soft, heat-resisting, stable and heat insulating function arranged; Middle folded metal level is the heat insulation of highly reflective and high thermal insulation, can form multistage, multi-functional heat radiation and heat conducting isolated.
C. composite membrane can be realized the effect that thermal convection current is isolated originally as airtight gas impermeable material.
D. composite membrane is very thin, is generally 12～30 μ m, but the multilayer complex films combination, and good, the frivolous softness of heat-proof quality can be used for the lining of various heat-barrier materials, main basement membrane or use separately.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 heat insulating compound film layer structure schematic diagram
Among the figure:
1---the high polymer basement membrane of high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient
2---the highly reflective energy
Belong to layer
3---the metal oxide layer of high thermal insulation
4---the outer overlay film of the cohesible high polymer of low heat conductivity
The specific embodiment:
Help understanding the present invention by following example, but do not limit content of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Adopting heat insulating compound film of the present invention is calendaring molding dacron membrane with 12 μ m, the thick fine and close aluminium lamination of 38nm～42nm is plated in evaporation thereon, adopt the vapor plating of the larger particles aluminum metal particle in the aerobic environment then, thickness of coating is 28nm～32nm, the basement membrane calendering of adopting the melt temperature of 10 μ m to be lower than the terylene calendered film of basement membrane and the coat of metal slightly at last is combined into the sandwich structure composite membrane of high polymer folder metal level, and accompanying drawing 1 is seen in its structural representation.Formed composite membrane thickness only is 21.8～21.9 μ m, and the two-layer composite membrane of the relative general merchandiseization of thermal conductivity factor (dacron membrane 24 μ m+ aluminium coated 40nm～45nm), and three layers of composite aluminium film (dacron membrane 12 μ m+ aluminium lamination 38nm～42nm+ dacron membrane 12 μ m) have tangible effect of heat insulation, being shown in Table 1 of its thermal conductivity factor.
The contrast of table 1 individual layer heat insulating compound film thermal conductivity factor and commercialization composite membrane
With above-mentioned three kinds of composite aluminium films with 5 stackedly put, horizontal, do not add any wrinkle, survey the thermal conductivity factor of this MULTILAYER COMPOSITE aluminium film, its result is as shown in table 2.
The thermal conductivity value of 5 layers of terylene/aluminum composite membrane of table 2
Embodiment two
Adopt basement membrane and the coat of metal identical with example one, drench film and cover modified dacron outward, the melt temperature of this film is 200～210 ℃, and thickness is 6～7 μ m, and the composite membrane of the relative embodiment one of made composite membrane easilier carries out intermembranous heat bonding and processes.The actual measurement of its ensemble average thickness is 18.3～18.4 μ m, the thermal conductivity factor of actual measurement and embodiment one to such as table 3.Obviously, it is heat insulation more excellent to drench film, and its former because surface of this tunic is the cause of pine of coarse big, structure, especially when multilayer complex films makes up.
Table 3 drenches film composite membrane and the thermal conductivity factor contrast table that rolls composite membrane
Claims (7)
1. heat insulating compound film, it is characterized in that by order be passive high polymer basement membrane, play the heat reflection effect metal level, play heat insulation or heat insulating function metal oxide layer be can forming by bonding high-polymer membrane of preventing to contact between composite membrane; Described high polymer basement membrane is terylene, polyamide fibre, polypropylene fibre or poly tetrafluoroethylene; Described metal level is gold, aluminum or aluminum alloy vapor plating; Described metal oxide layer is the oxide layer of aluminum or aluminum alloy; Described can bonding high polymer be terylene, polyamide fibre, polypropylene fibre or polyethylene film.
2. according to the described heat insulating compound film of claim 1, the integral thickness that it is characterized in that described heat insulating compound film is 12～1000 μ m.
3. according to the described heat insulating compound film of claim 1, it is characterized in that described high polymer basement membrane is the film of calendaring molding.
4. the preparation method according to the described heat insulating compound film of claim 1 is characterized in that it being by the high polymer basement membrane is evaporated the plating densified metal layer; Plate loose metal level again, the oxidation of executing then, or directly through this metal oxide layer of oxidation evaporation plating; Last and can bonding high-polymer membrane compound, make heat insulating compound film; Described compact metal layer thickness is 10nm～110nm, and the thickness of metal oxide layer is 20nm～150nm.
5. according to the preparation method of the described heat insulating compound film of claim 4, it is characterized in that described metal oxide layer is aluminium oxide or aluminium oxide alloy layer, tie up under the high temperature evaporation or coating under the plasma sputtering, or to coating under the direct oxygen environment of aluminum or aluminum alloy, or oxidation processes is finished.
6. purposes according to the described heat insulating compound film of claim 1, the lining or the basic unit that it is characterized in that being used to prepare various flexible insulant materials; Or the above-mentioned heat insulating compound film of multilayer is used in combination.
7. according to the purposes of the described heat insulating compound film of claim 6, the high polymer base film surface that it is characterized in that described composite membrane is towards thermal source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200510024710A CN100579773C (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Heat isolating composite film and its preparation and use |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200510024710A CN100579773C (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2005-03-29 | Heat isolating composite film and its preparation and use |
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| CN1672921A CN1672921A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
| CN100579773C true CN100579773C (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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| CN102815046B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2015-10-28 | 东华大学 | The enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and uses thereof |
| CN106042550A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-26 | 苏州市君悦新材料科技股份有限公司 | Flexible heat preservation and heat insulation film and preparation method thereof |
| CN106513283B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2019-11-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of Nano-meter SiO_22Aeroge flexible heat-insulating film |
| CN109605772B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-07-23 | 北京市光翌实业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of micron-particle unidirectional reflection heat conduction film |
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Granted publication date: 20100113 Termination date: 20130329 |