CN102815046B - The enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and uses thereof - Google Patents
The enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and uses thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and uses thereof, this heat insulating compound film is the plating high polymer complex film of 3 ~ 20 layers, has the enhancing heat insulating compound film of the laminated formation in mental core-spun yarn grid interval of arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave therebetween.The one side that it is characterized in that strengthening heat insulating compound film can bear the high or low temperature effect of-250 ~ 250 DEG C, and one side keeps multi-layered composite heat-insulating, the warm keeping structure material of 5 ~ 40 DEG C of normality temperature, and its natural thickness is 4 ~ 20mm, and actual compression thickness is 1 ~ 6mm; Square metre quality is at 40 ~ 600g/m
2, be heat insulation, warming, soft enhancing heat insulating compound film that is completely airtight, that bond or make.Can to be used for fire-fighting, military affairs, exploration, the physical protection of contour, the low temperature situation of industry and environment heat insulation separately or with other materials compound.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to human body or the heat insulation frivolous flexible compound membrane material technology with protecting of environment temperature, particularly relate to a kind of enhancing heat insulating compound film of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and formation and technology of preparing, this compound heat-insulation composite membrane be applicable to the physical protection of the special occasions such as fire-fighting, military affairs, exploration, industry and environment heat insulation.
Background technology
Physical protection under temperature field condition is content the most basic in protective materials research, the research of most high-performance flexible protective materials and patent also originate in general high or low temperature environment, namely temperature is at-250 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C, as the cold and radiant heat environment in space, cold or thermal environment in the activities such as polar region or volcano exploration, the special occasions of the high or low temperature environment in industrial processes workshop etc.
Because the pliability of membrane structure material is good, lightweight, can plyability strong, rigidity can be become flexible feature, can efficiently and utilize material targetedly, therefore in the last few years, new material in this area, new technology, new technology constantly occur, relevant basic and application foundation Journal of Sex Research also have carries out, this has greatly expanded the applicability of membrane material under the harsh conditions such as high and low temperature and use.
The single-layer polymer film tube that performance was single with low in the past is more substituted by multilayer or multilayer complex films.Multilayer complex films can make full use of the feature of its each layer, the action and function between key-course, makes up respective shortcoming, thus is designed or apply required function and structure.
First the flexible material used under high and low temperature environment will solve the ability to bear to high and low temperature (-250 DEG C ~ 250 DEG C) condition; But under these harsh conditions, very easily there is fatigue and destruction in high polymer flexible material.When high temperature, material is understood thermal degradation, disordering and is softened, and makes material structure change thus, produces tired; When low temperature, material becomes fragile, fracture.Therefore in the present context high requirement is proposed to protective materials.The necessary high temperature resistant and low temperature of one protective materials; It two will have well reflection and isolated thermal radiation function; It three keeps original proterties in high and low temperature environment.
To the flexible thermal isolation film material applied under high and low temperature condition, there are more patent and research in recent years.Chinese Academy of Space Technology Jiang Jingshan researcher is in aerospace material technique (2000,30 (4)) in the paper delivered " multilayer insulation material and in spaceborne application ", interval loose fiber goods (as fibrous paper, fibrofelt, fiber cloth etc.) and terylene net compound obtain multilayer insulation material respectively to adopt the two-sided aluminized mylar of multilayer, as the multilayer insulation material on spacecraft surface, to tackle spacecraft surface just to the high temperature of more than+200 DEG C of sunshine be low to moderate the low temperature of less than-200 DEG C back to sunshine.Gained multilayer insulation material generally can the temperature difference realized from 23 DEG C to 196 DEG C fall, though have good heat-proof quality, serviceability temperature scope is also comparatively limited, and main in low temperature environment.
Heat insulating compound film (number of patent application CN201120138328.1) is bondd by modified poly ethylene or polyester support protective layer, polyurethane first adhesive layer, aluminum membranous layer, polyurethane second adhesive layer and back-protective layer and is composited; use as heat-barrier material for building; but serviceability temperature is only limitted to about 50 DEG C, be not suitable for using under low temperature or higher temperature.Environment protection type heat insulating composite membrane (number of patent application CN200420021118.4) is stacked successively from top to bottom by layers of kraft paper, compound bubble layer, reflector layer and is composited; Brown paper rough surface, is easy to and the surface adhesive such as building; Air in compound bubble layer bubble can not form convection current with ambient atmos, and sunshine can reflect back by reflector layer, and thus composite membrane has effective radiation proof, heat-blocking action.This patent is also use as heat-barrier material for building, is not suitable for using under low temperature or higher temperature.Heat-insulating composite film (number of patent application CN200920027882.5) is formed through bonding or stitched composite by upper and lower two layers of surface film and middle heat insulation filling film, wherein skin covering of the surface can be plastic foil, nylon membrane, rubber membrane or fibre etc., and heat insulation filling film is latticed film, spongy film or cotton-shaped film etc.Though application is comparatively extensive, its heat-proof quality is very limited.
In thermal isolation film and preparation method thereof (number of patent application CN200910164971.9), thermal isolation film is arranged in the same way by multilayer, and the insulating unit be made up of polyimides or carbon-fiber film substrate layer and porous silica aerogel layer bonds through high temperature glue-line and is composited; Gained thermal isolation film can be used for the thermal isolation under the high ambient conditions of more than 300 DEG C.Although thermal isolation film has good resistance to elevated temperatures and effect of heat insulation, film is more thick and heavy, and there is redundancy for the hot conditions of 250 DEG C.
The preparation method (number of patent application CN200810039655.4) of meso-scale flaky vermiculite and heat-resistant polymer heat insulation composite membrane adopts carbon chain lengths to be 12 ~ 36 quaternary ammonium alkyl salt compounds to be less than 10 μm of vermiculites to particle diameter after grinding that to carry out organic expander modified, obtains meso-scale flaky vermiculite with the process of high pressure Microfluidizer; Select heat-resistant polymer material polyether sulphone or inbred group breeding as continuous phase, make inorganic laminar vermiculite crystallite be dispersed in organic high molecular polymer material by methods such as supersonic cell pulverizing, obtain through dry method and water-laid film.Its thermal conductivity factor of products obtained therefrom extremely low (0.038 ~ 0.047W/mK), has good heat-proof quality; Gained composite membrane closely can also be coated on the fabric surface such as PSA fiber, improves its resistance to naked light, thermal isolation performance, particularly thermal isolation performance, can be used for can come in and go out the safely fire-entry suit in the scene of a fire or the cladding material of fighting uniform.This patent meso-scale inorganic high-temperature resistant vermiculite material that adulterates in high-molecular organic material obtains heat-resistant polymer heat insulation composite membrane, though have good thermal isolation performance, its stability at low temperature environment and durability do not have report.
Heat insulating compound film (number of patent application CN200510024710.9) is the patent of invention before applicant, efficient, the lightweight of (-150 ~ 120 DEG C), flexible multi-functional thermal protection under adopting the structure be composited by the outer overlay film of the metal level of the high polymer basement membrane of high-strength low heat conductivity coefficient, high reverse--bias performance, the metal oxide layer of high thermal insulation and the heat bondable high polymer of low heat conductivity to realize high and low temperature environment.Though this patent gained heat insulating compound film has good high and low temperature environment usability, its serviceability temperature scope is narrower.
Heat insulation soft thin composite fabric (number of patent application CN200410066650.2) is also the patent of invention before applicant, one side adopts the high performance coated fabric of high-and low-temperature resistance, another side adopts soft, comfortable, frost prevention, anti-condensation coated fabric, the middle compound fabric adopting the high polymer of multilayer insulation and metal composite film to form, between MULTILAYER COMPOSITE can tape thickness, dimensionally stable lining meshi fabric, realize one side and can bear high temperature, low temperature or high and low temperature compound action, one side keeps 5 ~ 35 DEG C of nearly room temperature states; The natural thickness of the compound fabric of this invention is at 3 ~ 12mm, and square metre quality, at 150 ~ 550g/m2, can realize the heat insulation and protection under-120 ~ 120 DEG C of conditions.Though widely applicable, effect of heat insulation is limited.
As can be seen from above patented technology, though existing heat insulating compound film some there is certain effect of heat insulation and high-and low-temperature resistance performance, the ability to bear under the high and low temperature condition of-250 ~ 250 DEG C is limited, very easily occurs tired and destroys.And in practical application, the requirement of lightweight, flexibility and high efficient protected has been proposed to protective materials under high and low temperature environment.
The patent of metal silk covering yarn has, as the core silk of covering yarn in metal wire core-spun elastic yarn and manufacture method (number of patent application CN200810004418.4) thereof is made up of at least two different fiber yarns, (wherein one is elastic yarn, another root is Soluble Fiber yarn), outer layer metal silk is with the coated core silk of bung flange shape, and wire is the rigid metal silk of diameter 0.05 ~ 0.05mm; Radiation proof, stainless steel metal wire core-spun yarn (number of patent application CN200610145088.1) that is antistatic and ultraviolet radiation resisting adopt stainless steel metal wire as core, the coated cotton in outside or sticky fine or wool fibre; The patent that the electromagnetic shielding yarn of wire looping elastic filament and production equipment thereof and production method (number of patent application CN201110242817.6) are applied for before being the present inventor, adopt elastic filament to obtain electromagnetic shielding yarn as heart yarn, outside voluble wrapping yarn section, wherein wrap yarn section comprises wire and is coated on the short fiber yarn outside wire.But metal silk covering yarn there is not yet relevant report as the technology of interval insulant and application.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of high-low temperature resistant, lightweight, soft mental core-spun yarn grid interval.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of purposes of above-mentioned enhancing heat insulating compound film.
In order to achieve the above object, principle of the present invention is that comprehensive utilization plating high polymer complex film and the multiple layer combination structural design of mental core-spun yarn realize thermal isolation under high and low temperature environment and protection.Realize highly reflective with plating high polymer complex film heat insulation and form low thermal contact conductance, composite membrane this as airtight gas impermeable material, realize the thermal isolation effect of individual layer thus; Control plating high polymer complex film interlamellar spacing with the mental core-spun yarn grid of arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave and form still air layer to realize effective air heat and completely cut off, mental core-spun yarn grid that is arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave also can strengthen the rapid diffusion of heat between high polymer complex film and uniform, thus reduces heat and concentrate or hot-spot.By multiple-layer laminated construction system, efficient, lightweight, the flexible heat insulating compound film system of the mental core-spun yarn grid of plating high polymer complex film and arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave.
A concrete technical scheme of the present invention there is provided a kind of enhancing heat insulating compound film of mental core-spun yarn grid interval, it is characterized in that: the plating high polymer complex film comprising 3 ~ 20 layers between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film, having mental core-spun yarn grid that is arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave.
Preferably, also comprise the conventional fabric for capping of the one deck be positioned at farthest away from high temperature source or cold temperature source, same mental core-spun yarn grid having described arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave between conventional fabric and the plating high polymer complex film adjacent with it.
Preferably, described conventional fabric is the one in bafta, dacron or polyester-cotton fabric.
Preferably, the thickness of described plating high polymer complex film is 8 ~ 60 μm, and it is the film of the coat of metal on the plated surface of the first high polymer basement membrane be made up of terylene, polyimides or polyamide fibre, and this coat of metal is aluminium coated, alloy plating layer or Gold plated Layer.
Preferably, described film covers the second high polymer basement membrane that one deck and the first high polymer basement membrane commaterial form again, forms sandwich structure composite membrane by the first high polymer basement membrane, the coat of metal and the second high polymer basement membrane.
Preferably, described mental core-spun yarn grid is core by metal filament and the covering yarn of outer cladding short fiber, with a determining deviation d through arranged in parallel and be bonded on described plating high polymer complex film or through orthogonal weave backsight between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film, and form heat and can be distributed in the wall between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film and reduce heat along mental core-spun yarn rapid diffusion and concentrate or hot-spot play the effect of enhancing; Described spacing d is 1 ~ 20mm; Square metre quality of described wall is at 5 ~ 30g/m
2.
Preferably, described metal filament refers to that thickness is stainless steel, copper, the one in steel or aluminium alloy long filament of 3 ~ 100 μm; Described short fiber is the one that retardant cotton, flame-resistant terylene, aramid fiber or retardant cotton wash in blend fibre.
Preferably, by laminated or make formation, one side can bear the high or low temperature effect of-250 ~ 250 DEG C, simultaneously maintenance 5 ~ 40 DEG C of normality temperature, completely airtight, heat insulation, warming, soft enhancing heat insulating compound film.
Preferably, the natural thickness of this enhancing heat insulating compound film is 4 ~ 20mm, and actual compression thickness is 1 ~ 6mm; Square metre quality is at 40 ~ 600g/m
2.
Another technical scheme of the present invention there is provided a kind of application of enhancing heat insulating compound film of above-mentioned mental core-spun yarn grid interval, it is characterized in that: can separately for or be used for the physical protection of high and low temperature occasion with other materials compound and environment heat insulation.
The present invention is directed to demand and the material characteristics of thermally protective materials under the high and low temperature environmental condition of-250 ~ 250 DEG C, multiple layer combination structural design comprehensive utilization plating high polymer complex film and mental core-spun yarn is used to prepare heat insulating function composite membrane, and from the diffusion of material heat reflection and heat insulation, the heat of conduction and mechanical stability that is uniform and film itself, solve the optimum organization of the flexibility of heat insulating compound film material, lightweight and high-and low-temperature resistance function and enhancing heat-proof quality.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, heat insulating compound film is multi-layer compound structure, forms simple; 2, function is reasonable, complete, it is heat insulation that plating high polymer complex film realizes highly reflective, mental core-spun yarn grid that is arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave can realize the rapid diffusion of heat between plating high polymer complex film, uniform and heat insulation, avoids hot-spot to occur; 3, heat insulating compound film heat-proof quality and high-and low-temperature resistance function admirable, and light structure, softness, be easy to carry about with one, accumulating, folding, compacting, be easy to the bending and distortion in using and moving; 4, laminated shaping is convenient, and only need bond or sew up shaping, suitable application area is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layer structure schematic diagram of the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval.
In figure:
1-plating high polymer complex film, towards high temperature or low temperature environment;
2-mental core-spun yarn grid, 2a-yarn core wire, 2b-covering yarn outer cladding fiber;
3-commonly uses fabric;
The number of plies of n-plating high polymer complex film.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Layer of structure shown in composition graphs 1 and arrangement, the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval provided by the invention is the plating high polymer complex film 1 of 3 ~ 20 layers, have the enhancing heat insulating compound film of the laminated formation in mental core-spun yarn grid 2 interval of arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave therebetween, or in the end one deck substitutes plating high polymer complex film 1 capping with conventional fabric 3.Heat insulating compound film is by laminated or make obtained, and its one side can bear the high or low temperature effect of-250 ~ 250 DEG C, and one side keeps the normality temperature of 5 ~ 40 DEG C.
Wherein, described conventional fabric 3 is the one in bafta, dacron or polyester-cotton fabric.
The thickness of plating high polymer complex film 1 is 8 ~ 60 μm, and it is the film of the coat of metal on the plated surface of the first high polymer basement membrane be made up of terylene, polyimides or polyamide fibre, and this coat of metal is aluminium coated, alloy plating layer or Gold plated Layer.Also on described film, the second high polymer basement membrane that one deck and the first high polymer basement membrane commaterial form can be covered again, form sandwich structure composite membrane by the first high polymer basement membrane, the coat of metal and the second high polymer basement membrane.
Mental core-spun yarn grid 2 is core by metal filament 2a and the covering yarn of outer cladding short fiber 2b, with a determining deviation d through arranged in parallel and be bonded on described plating high polymer complex film 1 or through orthogonal weave backsight between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film 1, and form heat and can be distributed in the wall between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film 1 and reduce heat along mental core-spun yarn rapid diffusion and concentrate or hot-spot play the effect of enhancing; Described spacing d is 1 ~ 20mm; Square metre quality of described wall is at 5 ~ 30g/m
2.
Metal filament 2a refers to that thickness is stainless steel, copper, the one in steel or aluminium alloy long filament of 3 ~ 100 μm; Described short fiber 2b is the one that retardant cotton, flame-resistant terylene, aramid fiber or retardant cotton wash in blend fibre.
Following specific embodiment 1 ~ 4 selects different plating high polymer complex film material, mental core-spun yarn core and external cladding materials and capping fabric, the different numbers of plies, natural thickness, compression thickness and square metre quality, and different shape technique, the enhancing heat insulating compound film at actual preparation mental core-spun yarn grid interval of the present invention, and the composite membrane inner surface steady temperature of gained heat insulating compound film under high and low temperature condition is surveyed and ocular estimate, the results detailed in following table and following statement.
Embodiment 1
Adopt the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval of the present invention hierarchical structure and as the material of following table and processing technology, and adopt the heat insulating compound film obtained by the present invention, under being placed on 200 DEG C of hot conditions, the composite membrane inner surface steady temperature of actual measurement is as shown in following table embodiment 1 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent.Prove that this composite membrane resistance to elevated temperatures is excellent thus.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval of the present invention hierarchical structure and as the material of following table and processing technology, and adopt the heat insulating compound film obtained by the present invention, under being placed on 250 DEG C of hot conditions, the composite membrane inner surface steady temperature of actual measurement is as shown in following table embodiment 2 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent.Prove that this composite membrane resistance to elevated temperatures is excellent thus.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval of the present invention hierarchical structure and as the material of following table and processing technology, and adopt the heat insulating compound film obtained by the present invention, under being placed on-200 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, the composite membrane inner surface steady temperature of actual measurement is as shown in following table embodiment 3 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent.Prove that this composite membrane resistance to low temperature is excellent thus.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval of the present invention hierarchical structure and as the material of following table and processing technology, and adopt the heat insulating compound film obtained by the present invention, under being placed on-240 DEG C of cryogenic conditions, the composite membrane inner surface steady temperature of actual measurement is as shown in following table embodiment 4 hurdle.Actual visual observations, surface is excellent.Prove that this composite membrane resistance to low temperature is excellent thus.
The formation of the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval and measured result
Claims (6)
1. the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a mental core-spun yarn grid interval, it is characterized in that: the plating high polymer complex film (1) comprising 3 ~ 20 layers between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film (1), having mental core-spun yarn grid (2) that is arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave;
The thickness of described plating high polymer complex film (1) is 8 ~ 60 μm, and it is the film of the coat of metal on the plated surface of the first high polymer basement membrane be made up of terylene, polyimides or polyamide fibre, and this coat of metal is aluminium coated, alloy plating layer or Gold plated Layer; Described film covers the second high polymer basement membrane that one deck and the first high polymer basement membrane commaterial form again, forms sandwich structure composite membrane by the first high polymer basement membrane, the coat of metal and the second high polymer basement membrane;
Described mental core-spun yarn grid (2) is for core and the covering yarn of outer cladding short fiber (2b) by metal filament (2a), with a determining deviation d through arranged in parallel and be bonded in described plating high polymer complex film (1) upper or through orthogonal weave backsight between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film (1), and form heat and can be distributed in the wall between adjacent two layers plating high polymer complex film (1) and reduce heat along mental core-spun yarn rapid diffusion and concentrate or hot-spot play the effect of enhancing; Described spacing d is 1 ~ 20mm; Square metre quality of described wall is at 5 ~ 30g/m
2; Described metal filament (2a) refers to that thickness is the copper of 3 ~ 100 μm, the one in steel or aluminium alloy long filament; Described short fiber (2b) is retardant cotton, flame-resistant terylene, aramid fiber or retardant cotton wash one in blend fibre.
2. the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the conventional fabric (3) for capping also comprising the one deck be positioned at farthest away from high temperature source or cold temperature source, same mental core-spun yarn grid (2) having described arranged in parallel or orthogonal weave between conventional fabric (3) and the plating high polymer complex film (1) adjacent with it.
3. the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described conventional fabric (3) is bafta, one in dacron or polyester-cotton fabric.
4. the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: by laminated or make formation, one side can bear the high or low temperature effect of-250 ~ 250 DEG C, that one side keeps 5 ~ 40 DEG C of normality temperature, completely airtight, heat insulation, warming, soft enhancing heat insulating compound film.
5. the enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the natural thickness of this enhancing heat insulating compound film is 4 ~ 20mm, and actual compression thickness is 1 ~ 6mm; Square metre quality is at 40 ~ 600g/m
2.
6. an application for the enhancing heat insulating compound film at mental core-spun yarn grid interval as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: can separately for or be used for the physical protection of high and low temperature occasion with other materials compound and environment heat insulation.
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| CN201210293136.7A CN102815046B (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2012-08-16 | The enhancing heat insulating compound film at a kind of mental core-spun yarn grid interval and uses thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164605A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-08-14 | Tokai Metals Co., Ltd. | Laminated thermal insulation sheeting |
| US4208458A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-06-17 | Wilson David F Jr | Welding splatter shield |
| CN1328501A (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2001-12-26 | Atd公司 | Corrugated multilayer metal foil insulation panels and method of making |
| CN1586884A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2005-03-02 | 东华大学 | Heat insulation soft thin composite fabric, preparing method and its use |
| CN1672921A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2005-09-28 | 东华大学 | Heat isolating composite film and its prepn and use |
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2012
- 2012-08-16 CN CN201210293136.7A patent/CN102815046B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4164605A (en) * | 1977-11-07 | 1979-08-14 | Tokai Metals Co., Ltd. | Laminated thermal insulation sheeting |
| US4208458A (en) * | 1979-03-05 | 1980-06-17 | Wilson David F Jr | Welding splatter shield |
| CN1328501A (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2001-12-26 | Atd公司 | Corrugated multilayer metal foil insulation panels and method of making |
| CN1586884A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2005-03-02 | 东华大学 | Heat insulation soft thin composite fabric, preparing method and its use |
| CN1672921A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2005-09-28 | 东华大学 | Heat isolating composite film and its prepn and use |
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| 陈一飞.《纺织印染实用加工技术》.《纺织印染实用加工技术》.化学工业出版社,2008,184－188. * |
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