CN100572707C - Dynamic heat insulating material and preparation method - Google Patents
Dynamic heat insulating material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100572707C CN100572707C CNB031134750A CN03113475A CN100572707C CN 100572707 C CN100572707 C CN 100572707C CN B031134750 A CNB031134750 A CN B031134750A CN 03113475 A CN03113475 A CN 03113475A CN 100572707 C CN100572707 C CN 100572707C
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Abstract
The dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall is that a kind of stratiform and thickness are at the high thermal resistance of 3～100mm, low heat capacity of volume heat insulating material.Material is apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/mK), density＜200 (kg/m
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), thermal capacitance＜250 (kJ/m
3K) material, and be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck at least and certain thickness weaker zone is arranged, dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body.Dense skin has generally been selected certain intensity, waterproof materials for use; The weaker zone material is generally selected the foam-like or the fibrous material of low-density, low thermal conductivity, low specific heat for use.Enforcement of the present invention can greatly improve the heating and the refrigeration of the building that needs intermittently heating and refrigeration, for obvious improve the Yangtze river basin and summer in surrounding area winter architecture indoor thermal environment and habitat condition, and the energy consumption of reduction building winter heating and summer air-conditioning, have great society and economic worth.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention proposes a kind of novel building heat preserving principle---dynamic heat preservation principle, and concrete grammar, particular construction materials and the job practices of implementing this principle.The present invention relates to constructure heating and air-conditioning technical, building thermal-insulation energy-saving material, building finishing technology etc.
Two, background technology
1, the origin of problem
Four ministries and commissions such as nation-building portion unite November 20 calendar year 2001 and have issued " about implementing the notice of " Xia Redong cryogenic region energy Saving Design of Residential Buildings standard " ", point out China Yangtze river basin and surrounding area sweltering heat in summer thereof, and winter is moist cold.Past is owing to reason economic and society, the general residential building of this area does not have the heating air conditioning facility, the design of residential building is paid little attention to the thermal insulation problem, and the thermal property of space enclosing structure is generally very poor, and summer in winter, architecture indoor thermal environment and habitat condition were very abominable.Along with this regional economic development and living standards of the people improve fast, the resident generally installs heating air conditioning equipment voluntarily.Owing to do not have the design of science and take corresponding technical measures, cause this area's building and heating in winter, summer building air conditioning energy consumption sharply to rise, energy waste is serious, and the expenditure that the resident is used for the energy increases considerably, and habitat condition are also improved at all.
2, existing main solution, technology and problem thereof and limitation
Existing method and the technology that addresses this problem mainly contains: (1) improves wall body structure: as adopt the hollow interlayer exterior wall and in the body of wall interlayer the high thermal resistance material of landfill (as expanded materials such as rock wool, glass cotton, polyurethane or polystyrene etc.) improve heat-proof quality; (2) materials for wall of the novel high thermal resistance of employing: improve heat-proof quality as adopting light hollow wall brick, (containing materials such as expanded perlite, glass cotton) high thermal resistance composite material wall brick or wallboard to wait; (3) existing building exterior wall and roofing lay high thermal resistance water-proof heat-insulation layer, improve the exterior wall thermal resistance; (4) adopt type gate window construction and material, improve sealing performance, reduce the glass radiation heat loss and the heat waste of leaking out; (5) operating efficiency of raising heating and air-conditioning equipment, the low grade heat energy when the recovery central air-conditioning changes wind etc. are to cut down the consumption of energy.
All these methods, material and The Application of Technology, all improved the thermal property of buildings exterior-protected structure and the effect of heating and air-conditioning to a certain extent, but also fundamentally do not improve the Yangtze river basin and summer in surrounding area winter architecture indoor thermal environment and habitat condition condition of severe.Winter building and heating and the sharply rising still of building air conditioning energy consumption in summer, energy waste is serious, and the cost of paying is not brought the gratifying improvement of habitat condition to the resident.
In addition, also there is more limitation in existing these The Application of Technology, are difficult to be applied to the reducing energy consumption of old building thing as landfill heat-barrier material in novel wall brick, the body of wall interlayer etc., or the like.
3, the problem and the reason thereof that in intermittent heating and air-conditioning, exist of traditional materials for wall
Existing various novel wall material and The application of new technique do not have fundamentally to improve the Yangtze river basin and summer in surrounding area winter architecture indoor thermal environment and habitat condition condition of severe, its main cause is as follows:
(1) with regard to the comfort level of human body subjective feeling, indoor air temperature is not unique factor of decision people's warming effects (comfort level), and the environmental radiation temperature also plays a part and the temperature no less important.For indoor people, environmental radiation comes from the surface of surroundings wall, floor and ceiling, these surperficial temperature (with temperature together) directly affect people's subjective changes in temperature sensation.Studies show that the wall temperature in the winter room is if be lower than temperature more than 7 ℃, the people just has tangible radiation creeping chill, be lower than temperature more than 10 ℃ people just feel too cold.
(2) family housing of having no talent and being in usually for daytime, winter heating is intermittent heating normally, promptly generally is just to start the heating equipment heating after coming off duty or leaving school.Under the warmer effect, though indoor air temperature raises comparatively fast, wall, floor and ceiling equitemperature rise very slow usually, and the environmental radiation temperature is very low.Here it is, and why people feel the reason that the warmer effect is relatively poor.
(3) calculate and experiment all shows, typical about 15 a square metres room when 0 ℃ of left and right sides of outside air temperature, make indoor wall temperature rise to about 15 ℃ from 5 ℃, need continuously work 4～8 hours with 1～2 kilowatt warmer.That is to say, open warmer after going home at dusk, till all hours even just can reach more comfortable effect during midnight soon, and people at this moment this goes to bed sleeping mostly.
(4) the bathroom situation in winter also is the same, because the wall temperature rising is too slow, though equipped various warmers, bathroom interior heat gas is steaming, and it is cold especially that the people who has a bath still feels, this also is because the environment wall temperature is too cold really.Various radioactive warmers usually are difficult to satisfactory because radiation is inhomogeneous.And to rise to the temperature (for example 20 ℃) of feeling comfortable to wall temperature, and usually needing the preheating several hrs, this is that people are difficult to accept.
(5) reason that causes wall temperature to rise slowly mainly is because the heat capacity of traditional materials for wall is too big.In the process of this batch (-type) heating, the heat that warmer sends is used for having improved the indoor air temperature except sub-fraction (about 20%), sizable part (about 80%) consumes on the raising wall temperature, and really rejects heat to the outdoor heat that goes and few by body of wall.That is to say that in the process of intermittent heating, wall heat resistance is not the principal element that influences the heating effect, Here it is the why novel wall material of high thermal resistance or the main cause that structure usually can not satisfy people's demand.
All these problems finally can be summed up as a bit, and Here it is: the winter heating effect that obtain, it is not enough improving indoor air temperature merely, must improve indoor environmental radiation temperature simultaneously.For the building of batch (-type) heating, must improve the radiation temperature of indoor environment fast, could obtain heating effect preferably.Briefly, the key of dealing with problems will improve wall temperature exactly fast, the most basic starting point of the present invention that Here it is.
For summer air-conditioning, the character of problem is the same, and only comparatively speaking, this problem is so outstanding not as the winter heating problem.
Three, summary of the invention
1, goal of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: at the problem that exists in present intermittent heating and the air-conditioning, brand-new dynamic insulation notion and method have been proposed, and the novel building finishing material of realizing dynamic insulation---the structure and material of dynamic heat insulating material, also have correlation technique and the ancillary facility supporting with it, thus most important effect---the comfort level of human body subjective sensation when improving building intermittent heating and air-conditioning greatly.The method to set up and the preparation method that comprise dynamic heat insulating material.
The present invention proposes a kind of brand-new wall thermal insulating notion---dynamically insulation.Compare with traditional notion, mainly contain two outstanding features: the one, the body of wall temperature that has existed when having made full use of intermittent heating and air-conditioning have one from imbalance progressively to the characteristics of balanced growth process, the 2nd, it is not only relevant with temperature to have taken into full account the human body subjective comfort, also is subjected to the characteristics of the very big influence of environmental radiation (mainly being the surface of wall temperature for indoor environment).
On this novel concept basis, the present invention proposes a kind of novel wall heat insulating material---dynamic heat insulating material.Compare with traditional wall heat insulation material, be characterized in reducing greatly the invalid energy that materials for wall is absorbed in intermittent heating and air-conditioning process, the surface of wall temperature can be followed the tracks of indoor air temperature automatically fast and be changed, thereby fast and effeciently improves the human body subjective comfort.Add under the heat identical, the room interior rate temperature change improves 5-20 doubly than traditional body of wall, reaches needed temperature fast, obtains best heating and air-conditioning effect.
The invention allows for the dynamic therewith relevant novel wall surface decoration construction method of heat insulating material, compare with traditional job practices, workload descends at least 50%, and the duration shortens 70% at least.
Make full use of the design feature of the dynamic heat insulating material that the present invention proposes, cooperates removable skirting, linea angulata and end line, can also realize: (1) not be used in and digs wire casing on the wall and just can arrange pipeline easily, the minimizing workload of decorateing; (2) after decoration is finished, can also under the prerequisite of not destroying fitting-up, check the pipeline situation at any time, adjust pipe line arrangement etc., adapt to people's needs that configuration constantly changes for pipeline.
2, technical scheme
The solution that the present invention proposes is exactly: covering one deck on interior wall has the high thermal resistance heat insulating material of certain thickness low heat capacity of volume, utilize its low heat capacity of volume that wall temperature can be improved fast with the raising of temperature, obtain to improve or reduce fast the effect of wall temperature, reach the purpose of improving the environmental radiation temperature, improve the effect of batch (-type) winter heating and summer air-conditioning.
The method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall is provided with a kind of stratiform and thickness at the high thermal resistance of 3～100mm, low heat capacity of volume heat insulating material at inner wall surface, and material is apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/mK), density＜200 (kg/m
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), thermal capacitance＜250 (kJ/m
3K) material, and be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck at least and certain thickness weaker zone is arranged, dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body.Dense skin has generally been selected certain intensity, waterproof materials for use, as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, haloflex, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, Vingon, polystyrene, polyurethane, phenoplasts or urine aldehyde plastics plastic material, individual layer plank or MULTILAYER COMPOSITE plank, fabric or nonwoven, paper, aluminum metal or alloy material and Inorganic Non-metallic Materials; This skin depth is generally in 0.1～2.0 millimeter scope; The weaker zone material is generally selected the foam-like or the fibrous material of low-density, low thermal conductivity, low specific heat for use, and material comprises high-molecular organic material, inorganic silicic acid salt material or natural materials, and the combination of above-mentioned various materials; Dense skin and weaker zone link together and constitute the complete dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall.
The present invention has the window that is parallel to material surface on the dense material that connects thickness direction.Be shaped as strip and block, plate-like, tabular or web-like, and the width both sides of strip and block and plate-like material or rectangle around be provided with tongue and groove so that splicing is installed.
The present invention also comprises: default along its length pipeline hole or chase in weaker zone inside, shape is circle, semicircle or rectangle, is used to arrange internal pipeline.
Make asperities on the dense skin surface, or on dense skin, make the stem rib with the weaker zone junction.
Outer shape is that the dynamic heat insulating material of the interior wall of stratiform can be made the cavity that inside has shapes such as rectangle or triangle at the skirting at linea angulata bar, corner and the turning, ground at metope turning and metope and turning, ceiling joint portion and the binding sites such as end line bar of heat insulating material and other surface transition, and is removable.
The preparation method of the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall is provided with a kind of stratiform and thickness at the high thermal resistance of 3～100mm, low heat capacity of volume heat insulating material, and material is apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/mK), density＜200 (kg/m
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), thermal capacitance＜250 (kJ/m
3K) material, and be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck at least and certain thickness weaker zone is arranged, dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body; Dense skin and weaker zone adopt gluing composite algorithm, dense skin that has soon made and the weaker zone material of having made suitable shape are bonded together with suitable bonding adhesive or the partial melting that under suitable temperature weaker zone combined with dense skin, thereby make dynamic heat insulating material.
Adopt the top layer foaming, the dense skin that soon has made is put into the part that suitable mould becomes mould, foams to make the dynamic heat insulating material that surface course and weaker zone are combined with each other in this mould.
Below all be that example illustrates related content of the present invention, but its principle, method and structure etc. all are equally applicable to the situation of air conditioner refrigerating with heating.The principle of this solution is: because the material that covers on the interior wall has low heat capacity of volume characteristics, determined very little heat just can improve its surface temperature.Compare with traditional interior wall material (lime, brick, concrete etc.), the actual dynamic heat insulating material heat capacity of selecting for use (specific heat per unit volume) only is 1～10% of traditional material, coefficient of thermal conductivity also only be its 1～10%, therefore under equal conditions, the wall temperature rate of change can improve 10～50 times, and the temperature rise of wanting to reach originally in 5-8 hour just can reach in present 10～20 minutes.
The purpose that this solution requirement reaches has two: the one, improve wall temperature fast, and the 2nd, reaching in system has a suitable wall temperature when stablizing.
The system model that this solution is considered is such: a common room, its body of wall (comprising wall and ceiling) inner surface covers the dynamic heat insulating material of the certain thickness low heat capacity of volume of one deck, also want the dynamic heat insulating material of the certain thickness low heat capacity of volume of place mat under the wood flooring, warmer is in the heating room air, by the natural convection circulation of hot air and the heat radiation effect of warmer heat is passed to each corner, room, also pass to wall, ceiling and floor simultaneously.
According to the unsteady-state heat transfer principle, select the material of the low heat capacity of volume of high thermal resistance to cover inner wall surface.Low heat capacity of volume makes wall temperature to raise fast, and high thermal resistance can reduce leaks heat.Low heat capacity of volume makes less heat just can raise fast by wall temperature, and high thermal resistance can reduce thermal diffusivity, also helps the rising of wall temperature.Low herein heat capacity of volume is the same with high thermal resistance important.The present invention that Here it is is to the breakthrough of traditional architecture HVAC design concept: not only pay attention to high thermal resistance, will hang down heat capacity of volume and high thermal resistance simultaneously and be placed on sustained height and pay attention to.The present invention selects the material of low specific heat, and the low-density characteristics that cooperate its loose shape structure to bring just can obtain the material of low heat capacity of volume.
Except being rapidly heated, also having a key factor is exactly under aforesaid heating mode (interchange of heat of air and metope etc. is based on natural convection), and when wall temperature reached balance, its equilibrium temperature also must be appropriate, preferably be no more than 7 ℃ with the temperature difference of temperature, to obtain satisfied effect.According to the steady state heat transfer theory, this moment, the specific heat of material was inessential, and thermal resistance has become the first element of wall temperature when influencing balance.Wall temperature is high more during the high more then balance of thermal resistance.Select the material of low thermal conductivity for this reason, and certain thickness will be arranged, its thermal resistance can be satisfied the demand.
Result according to theory calculating and experimental verification, in conjunction with the present actual scope that can select for use, we make the physical parameter of dynamic heat insulating material have following feature: apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/ms), density＜200 (kg/m by selecting suitable material and structure
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), heat capacity of volume＜250 (kJ/m
3K).Especially at least be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck and have certain thickness (foam-like or fibrous) weaker zone to constitute.Dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body together.Two-sided structure with dense skin does not also exceed scope of the present invention.
3, beneficial effect
Enforcement of the present invention can greatly improve the heating and the refrigeration of the building that needs intermittently heating and refrigeration, for obvious improve the Yangtze river basin and summer in surrounding area winter architecture indoor thermal environment and habitat condition, and the energy consumption of reduction building winter heating and summer air-conditioning, have important social meaning and economic worth.Utilize design feature of the present invention, new ideas, new technology and new method that removable pipeline is installed have also been introduced, make the interior of building pipeline after installing and finishing finishes, can also be under the prerequisite of not destroying interior and finishing, checked, keeped in repair, adjusted (even reinstalling) easily, adapt to the continuous development of information technology etc. for the safety management of building, for building, all have very significant meaning.
Compare with conventional wall covering, application of the present invention and construction also have following feature:
(1) metope need not be done too many processing, and simple levelling gets final product, and has reduced construction cost, and workload significantly reduces, and the duration also shortens greatly;
(2) in weaker zone, arrange pipeline, reduce even can save work such as digging chase on the wall fully.
(3) utilize the thickness of weaker zone, adopt hollow removable skirting, linea angulata and end line, therein pipe line arrangement.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1, dynamic heat insulating material basic block diagram-concavo-convex rib, pipeline cellular type
Fig. 2, dynamic heat insulating material basic block diagram-apleuria, pipeline slot type
Fig. 3, dynamic heat insulating material basic block diagram-internal-rib, no chase cellular type
Fig. 4, the dynamic heat insulating material structural representation of strip and block
Fig. 5, plate-like dynamic heat insulating material structural representation
Fig. 6, tabular dynamic heat insulating material structural representation
Fig. 7, the dynamic heat insulating material structural representation of coiled material shape
Fig. 8, adhesive type production technology schematic diagram-1
Fig. 9, adhesive type production technology schematic diagram-2
The mould schematic diagram that technologies such as Figure 10, band skin-material foaming are used
Figure 11, removable skirting mounting structure schematic diagram
Figure 12, removable skirting cover plate fixer structure schematic diagram
Figure 13, removable skirting covering plate structure schematic diagram
Figure 14, removable linea angulata mounting structure schematic diagram
Figure 15, removable linea angulata cover plate fixer structure schematic diagram
Figure 16, removable end line bar structural representation
Figure 17, at place case study on implementation figure such as bathrooms
Figure 18, vertical wall inner surface case study on implementation figure;
Can on dense skin 2, reserve fixing hole 9 so that use fixedly the time with nail or screw etc. when installing.
For reducing the cold and hot bridge effect of dense skin, can make a plurality of heat insulation windows 8 on the dense skin of tongue and groove position, when not influencing rigidity, intensity, reach the purpose that prevents cold and hot bridge.
Can be at default pipeline hole 4 of weaker zone 3 upper edge length L directions or chase 10 (as Fig. 2), shape can be circle, semicircle, rectangle etc., so that arrange indoor pipeline when fitting up.For taking into account heat insulation and needs cabling two aspects, the channel cross-sectional area of pipeline hole or chase generally is not less than 25 square millimeters, and the thickness direction ratio that takes up room preferably is no more than 30% of gross thickness.
For sound absorption the occasion of specific (special) requirements is arranged at arenas etc., also can select the dense skin surface that has a plurality of through holes for use, cooperate perforating weaker zone material, obtain acoustically effective preferably.
The gross thickness T of sheet material is generally at 5～100 millimeters.
In general, give dynamic heat insulating material different hardness leveles,, reach the purpose that reduces cost and improve effect to be fit to different occasions.Generally can be divided into the ABC three major types: category-A hardness is the highest, is used for the metope middle and lower part, to adapt to people's possible collision etc. when movable; Category-B hardness is medium, is used for metope middle and upper part personnel activity and generally is difficult for place of running into etc.; C class hardness minimum is used for places such as roof, and thickness also can be bigger usually, plays insulation effect preferably.
(2) plate-like structure:
The three-view diagram of the plate-like structural meterials that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 5, the plate shape is generally rectangle, also can be other shape.The general length of side generally is provided with tongue and groove 1,7 all around so that splicing is installed in 0.2～1.0 meter scope.
All the other features are identical with above-mentioned strip and block structural meterials, repeat no more.
(3) platy structure:
The material of the platy structure that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 6, physical dimension is not particularly limited, usually can be with reference to sheet material specification commonly used (for example 1.2 meters of width, 2.4 meters of length).Sheet edge generally can not done tongue and groove, handles seam with lines etc. during site operation.
All the other features are identical with aforesaid strip and block structural meterials, repeat no more.
(4) coiled material shape structure:
The material of the coiled material shape structure that the present invention proposes as shown in Figure 7, outward appearance feels to have the rolled-up carpet of point image when rolling.Width and length all do not have special restriction.
General dense skin 2 at interior, weaker zone 3 outside during coiling.For ease of reeling, can on weaker zone, cut out otch.
Coil edge is not generally done tongue and groove, handles seam with lines etc. during site operation.
All the other features are identical with aforesaid strip and block structural meterials, repeat no more.
2, the production method and the technology characteristics of dynamic heat insulating material
Dynamically the enforcement of insulation construction can be divided into two kinds of on-the-spot composite algorithm and prefabrication methods, and the prefabrication method can have gluing composite algorithm, band top layer foaming, hot melt adhesive adhering method and the skinning method etc. that directly foams.
The prefabrication method is meant in factory mass produces various dynamic heat insulating material finished products, only these finished products directly need be applied to surperficial getting final product such as body of wall during site operation.Because factory can realize specialization, large batch of production, the quality of product can guarantee, cost can reduce.Simultaneously can also significantly reduce the site operation engineering quantity, the reduction of erection time, increase the benefit.
Under regard to the whole bag of tricks and technology characteristics is introduced respectively in detail, wherein eliminating method (1) is outside the on-the-spot composite algorithm, all the other are the prefabrication method.
(1) on-the-spot composite algorithm
On-the-spot composite algorithm is successively laid bulk material and dense skin material respectively in building or finishing scene exactly, compoundly at the construction field (site) becomes dynamic heat insulating material.
The activities and the feature of this method are: metope is handled (levelling, smear marine glue etc.), lays weaker zone, weaker zone surfacing, is laid dense skin.
(2) gluing composite algorithm
Gluing composite algorithm is meant that dense skin that will make and the weaker zone material of having made suitable shape are bonded together with suitable bonding adhesive, thereby makes dynamic heat insulating material.
The general technology process and the feature of this method are: at first bulk material 3 is cut or be made into the size (see figure 8) that cooperates with prefabricated dense skin material 2, select suitable bonding adhesive 5, according to the requirement of bonding adhesive adhesion technique weaker zone and dense skin are carried out preliminary treatment (as cleaning surfaces, smear bonding adhesive etc.), bonding then, parch.
Do the situation of dense skin material for indefinite form materials such as adopting soft cloth, paper, the weaker zone material of selecting for use should have stable structure size features such as (as rigid foams) usually, activities and the feature of this moment are: at first bulk material is cut or is made into structure and the size (Fig. 9) that needs, select suitable bonding adhesive, according to the requirement of bonding adhesive adhesion technique weaker zone and dense skin are carried out preliminary treatment (as cleaning surfaces, smear bonding adhesive etc.), then skin-materials such as the cloth of indefinite form, paper are adhered to the weaker zone material and get on, parch.
Gluing composite algorithm is simple and practical, and dense skin and weaker zone can specializedly be produced, the work efficiency height, and it is best that quality and cost etc. can both reach.
(3) band top layer foaming
Band top layer foaming is meant puts into the part of foaming mould as mould with the dense skin that has made, and foams in mould then, thereby makes the dynamic heat insulating material that dense skin and weaker zone are combined with each other.
The activities and the feature of this method are: the dense skin 2 that will make is put into the pressure damage dense skin structure of suitable mould 12 (Figure 10) to prevent to foam, in this mould, foam then, thereby directly make the dynamic heat insulating material that dense skin and weaker zone are combined with each other.
This method is particularly suitable for adopting foamed plastics to do the situation of weaker zone, as polystyrene, EVA etc.
(4) the skinning method that directly foams
Directly foaming skinning method is meant that in foaming process the suitable cooperation by mould, blowing agent and material directly makes the bulk material with dense skin---be dynamic heat insulating material.
The activities and the feature of this method are: (Figure 10) directly foams in mould 12, by suitable technical recipe and condition control, directly makes the dynamic heat insulating material of the foam-like with dense skin.
This method is particularly suitable for plastic foam materials such as polyurethane.
(5) the sticking method of hot melt adhesive:
This method is similar to gluing composite algorithm, and unique difference is the difference of adhesive bonding method.The sticking method of hot melt adhesive is more as the method for soldering.
One of sticking method of hot melt adhesive is: select the high material of fusing point materials such as (for example) metals to do the dense skin material, select low-melting material to do the weaker zone material.Then the dense skin material is heated to the temperature that is enough to melt low-melting bulk material and itself is unlikely to melt distortion, two kinds of materials are lumped together and apply suitable pressure, feasible weaker zone material localized heat with dense skin material contact position melts, be bonded together with dense skin, thereby make compound dynamic heat insulating material.
Two of hot melt adhesive adhering method is: select fusing point to make adhesive than dense skin material and all low material of weaker zone material, the adhesive with fusing is bonded together non-melt dense skin and bulk material then, makes compound dynamic heat insulating material.
3, with supporting some accessory structures and the principle of the invention process
Because dynamically the thickness of heat insulating material is more much bigger than the thickness of traditional wall covering, by suitable supplementary material and decoration/Decoration Design, can realize removable pipeline space structures easily, thereby realize fitting up the effect of checking, keep in repair, adjusting even change for pipeline after finishing, and can reduce even cancel traditional work of on metope, digging chase, will bring revolutionary progress to traditional decoration method.
Below introduce in detail the architectural feature of the main supplementary material relevant with removable structure.
(1) removable skirting:
Figure 11 is the exemplary block diagram of removable skirting, and Figure 12 is cover plate fixator figure, the rectangular skirting cover plate of Figure 13 figure.
The feature of the removable skirting that the present invention proposes is: it is made of dismountable rectangular skirting cover plate 17 and several cover plate fixators 16, install according to mode as Figure 11, make skirting inside leave the pipeline space so that walk pipeline usefulness, and have removable structure.Can after installation, repeatedly take apart and install again, to adapt to needs such as pipeline repair and maintenance.
Other element in Figure 11～13: the 13rd, dynamic heat insulating material, the 14th, body of wall, the 15th, the screw of securing cover plate fixator, the 18th, the fixing screw of skirting cover plate, the 19th, the screw hole of installation elements 15 usefulness, the 20th, the screw hole of installation elements 18 usefulness.
(2) linea angulata bar:
The linea angulata bar is mainly used in dynamic heat insulating material and uses in corner location (as metope turning, metope and the ceiling joint portion etc.) transition that Different Plane intersects.Figure 14 is the exemplary block diagram of removable linea angulata bar, and Figure 15 is cover plate fixator figure.
The feature of the removable linea angulata bar that the present invention proposes is: it is made of dismountable rectangular linea angulata bar cover plate 22 and several cover plate fixators 21, install according to mode as Figure 14, the pipeline space is left so that walk pipeline usefulness in its inside, and has a removable structure, can after installation, repeatedly take apart and install again, to adapt to needs such as pipeline repair and maintenance.
Other element in Figure 14～15: the 13rd, dynamic heat insulating material, the 14th, body of wall, the 15th, the screw of securing cover plate fixator, the 18th, the screw of securing cover plate, the 19th, the screw hole of installation elements 15 usefulness, the 20th, the screw hole of installation elements 18 usefulness.
(3) planar ends lines:
The planar ends lines be mainly used in dynamic heat insulating material be applied in the plane need behind certain position by the time use.Figure 16 is two kinds of typical structure schematic diagrames of removable planar ends lines.
The feature of the removable planar ends lines that the present invention proposes is: it is made of with several cover plate fixators 23 or 25 dismountable rectangular end line bar cover plate 24 or 26, mode according to Figure 16 is installed, the pipeline space is left so that walk pipeline usefulness in its inside, and has a removable structure, can after installation, repeatedly take apart and install again, to adapt to needs such as pipeline repair and maintenance.
Other element among Figure 16: the 13rd, dynamic heat insulating material, the 14th, body of wall, the 15th, the screw of securing cover plate fixator, the 18th, the screw of securing cover plate.
4, application process and the feature thereof of the present invention in decoration construction
Basic application process and the activities of dynamic heat insulating material finished-product material of the present invention in decoration construction is as follows:
(1) metope preliminary treatment: the simple levelling of metope is preferably in coating one deck substratum for waterproofing on the metope.
(2) install the inner core standing part of removable lines, as skirting cover plate fixator 16 etc.
(3) dynamic heat insulating material is installed:
The strip and block material generally from a side of metope, install, until the opposite side that is installed to metope by block-by-block.The T and G joint place will apply glue, and one comes waterproof, and two gain in strength.Material can also can stick with glue agent, or work along both lines with screw (cooperating plastic expansion circle or wooden peg etc.) with the fixing of metope.
Plate-like material installation and strip and block similar, general sequence is: from a side of metope, block-by-block is installed from bottom to top, until top that is installed to metope or opposite side.
The installation of coiled material or board-like material and bulk material difference are itself there is not suitable screw position, generally will and seal seam by suitable lines administration of fixed, or directly paste on the surfaces such as wall with suitable glue.
(4) junction box, pipeline etc. are installed, then the surface cap of removable lines are covered and tighten, install and promptly finish with screw etc.
Compare with conventional wall covering, application of the present invention and construction etc. have following feature:
Metope need not be done too many processing, simple levelling gets final product, indivedual pittings etc. do not influence construction, needn't resemble and do screeding, waterproofing course, multilayer emulsion paint etc. over and over again traditional metope, each layer toward contact need smear or brush, dry, polishing etc., workload significantly reduces, and the duration also shortens greatly.
Because weaker zone has certain thickness, can in weaker zone, arrange pipeline, reduce even save work such as digging chase on the wall fully, significantly reduce workload, greatly the reduction of erection time.
Utilize the thickness of weaker zone, adopt hollow removable skirting, linea angulata and end line, therein pipe line arrangement, can not only save the trouble of digging chase, and can also adjust pipe line arrangement at any time not destroying under the prerequisite of metope etc. after decoration is finished, adapt to the needs that constantly change.
Dynamically heat insulating material thickness is selected: thick high insulating effect, but blocked up effective interior space of then occupying the room.Therefore, general ceiling can be selected thick material, and metope should be used and approach a bit, and the 5～10mm that is equipped with of underfloor gets final product.Metope also can adopt thickening degree mode, and promptly metope bottom (0.8～1.6m following) adopts thin any material (for example 5～10mm), thicker material is then adopted on top, and transitional region can be chosen in places such as wall panel top stringcourse.Because the bottom of wall is usually blocked by furniture, thin a bit general influence is little, and reduces taking for the effective usable floor area in house.
Little and be incubated demanding place for spaces such as bathrooms, select the thickness materials with smaller usually for use, also can obtain good dynamic heat insulation effect.This is that vapor (steam) temperature is higher in use because of the bathroom, hot water usually directly washes away metope again during shower, compare for the heat transfer of metope with the air in the general room, the coefficient of heat transfer improves greatly, therefore the heat balance time of metope shortening, thermal equilibrium temperature also improve greatly, can satisfy the actual requirement of using.
Generally speaking, main application of the present invention is the local-style dwelling houses in moist cold area of the Yangtze river basin and sweltering heat in summer on every side thereof, winter.But practical ranges never only limits to this, and the present invention can be effectively applied to any building that needs intermittent heating and air-conditioning, as the hall that often do not use, conference room etc., and has only the office building that uses daytime etc.Brief description several typical application cases of the present invention.
5, the application on general vertical wall inner surface
This is the typical room of an one side metope, and wherein a side also has Yishanmen, apart from about 30 cm height places, ground electrical socket 32 grades (seeing Figure 18) is installed in certain position.
Materials etc. are selected the hobby that must consider house instructions for use and characteristics, user etc. for use.Present case is selected the dynamic heat insulating material 13 of strip and block for use, and matt surface has the surperficial texture of emulsion paint.For ease of internal placement electric wire etc., skirting 29 is selected removable skirting for use, and the linea angulata 31 in top and corner all adopts removable linea angulata, has selected removable end line 30 for use with adjacent parts such as doorframes, to constitute the removable cabling space of a connection.
The finishing basic craft course is as follows:
(1) metope levelling makes its smooth substantially getting final product, then at its surface applied one deck water-repellent paint;
(2) the fixator part of removable skirting 29, end line 30 and linea angulata 31 is installed;
(3) from left to right, block-by-block is installed the dynamic heat insulating material 13 of metope, and material pastes the wall part and the tongue and groove part all applies marine glue, with screw and plastic expansion circle fixed strip bulk material, up to all installing;
(4) dig out the sky of suitable size in the position of needs installation metope electrical socket 32, Built-in terminal box is fixed on the metope, magazine surface and dynamic heat insulating material 13 are concordant.If dynamically the thickness deficiency of heat insulating material can go suitable thickness to satisfy the magazine installation requirement metope cutter.
(5) also handle the unified pipeline of installing in back well at other metope.Cabling is arranged in the inner space of removable skirting, linea angulata and end line without exception.The electric wire of metope electrical socket etc. is gone in the removable skirting from the chase of reserving without exception.
(6) pipeline installs, and the surface cap of removable skirting 29, end line 30 and linea angulata 31 is covered, and tightens screw and gets final product.
(7) overhaul pipeline in the future, only need open the surface cap of removable skirting 29, end line 30 and linea angulata 31.Increase or adjust metope electrical socket etc. and get final product according to above-mentioned steps (4)～(5) operation.
6, in the application in places such as bathroom, washroom
Bathroom, washroom etc. all are that the space is smaller, high humidity, place that variations in temperature is big, and Figure 17 is the schematic diagram of a washroom.Can select the dynamic heat insulating material 13 of the imitative glazed ceramic wall tile pattern of high brightness for use, strip and block or plate-like material all can, can select massive material for use for reducing piece as far as possible.The fluid sealant 28 of tongue and groove splicing place and lines junction etc. wants emphasis to carry out to stop seepage, walks the inner removable linea angulata 31 of illuminating lamp circuit between metope and ceiling.
Finishing basic craft course and aforesaid similar process are not given unnecessary details.
Claims (9)
1, the method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall is characterized in that being provided with a kind of stratiform and thickness at the high thermal resistance of 3～100mm, low heat capacity of volume heat insulating material at inner wall surface, and material is apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/mK), density＜200 (kg/m
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), thermal capacitance＜250 (kJ/m
3K) material, and be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck at least and certain thickness weaker zone is arranged, dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body.
2, by the method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of the described interior wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that dense skin generally selected certain intensity, waterproof materials for use, as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, haloflex, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, Vingon, polystyrene, polyurethane, phenoplasts or urine aldehyde plastics plastic material, individual layer plank or MULTILAYER COMPOSITE plank, fabric or nonwoven, paper, aluminum metal or alloy material and Inorganic Non-metallic Materials; This skin depth is generally in 0.1～2.0 millimeter scope; The weaker zone material is generally selected the foam-like or the fibrous material of low-density, low thermal conductivity, low specific heat for use, and material comprises high-molecular organic material, inorganic silicic acid salt material or natural materials, and the combination of above-mentioned various materials; Dense skin and weaker zone link together and constitute the complete dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall.
3,, it is characterized in that on the dense material that connects thickness direction, having the window that is parallel to material surface by the dynamic heat insulating material of the described interior wall of claim 2.
4, by the dynamic heat insulating material method to set up of the described interior wall of claim 2, it is characterized in that being shaped as strip and block, plate-like, tabular or web-like, and the width both sides of strip and block and plate-like material or rectangle around be provided with tongue and groove so that splicing is installed.
5, by the method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of the described interior wall of claim 2, it is characterized in that in weaker zone inside default along its length pipeline hole or chase, shape is circle, semicircle or rectangle, is used to arrange internal pipeline.
6,, it is characterized in that making asperities, or on dense skin, make the stem rib with the weaker zone junction on the dense skin surface by the method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of the described interior wall of claim 1.
7, by the method to set up of the dynamic heat insulating material of the described interior wall of claim 1, it is characterized in that outer shape is that the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall of stratiform can be made the cavity that inside has shapes such as rectangle or triangle at the skirting at linea angulata bar, corner and the turning, ground at metope turning and metope and turning, ceiling joint portion and the binding sites such as end line bar of heat insulating material and other surface transition, and be removable.
8, the preparation method of the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall is characterized in that being provided with a kind of stratiform and thickness at the high thermal resistance of 3～100mm, low heat capacity of volume heat insulating material, and material is apparent coefficient of thermal conductivity＜0.2 (W/mK), density＜200 (kg/m
3), thickness 3～100 (mm), thermal capacitance＜250 (kJ/m
3K) material, and be provided with the very thin dense skin of one deck at least and certain thickness weaker zone is arranged, dense skin and weaker zone constitute an integral body; Dense skin and weaker zone adopt gluing composite algorithm, dense skin that has soon made and the weaker zone material of having made suitable shape are bonded together with suitable bonding adhesive or the partial melting that under suitable temperature weaker zone combined with dense skin, thereby make dynamic heat insulating material.
9, the preparation method of the dynamic heat insulating material of interior wall, it is characterized in that adopting the top layer foaming, the dense skin that has soon made is put into the part that suitable mould becomes mould, and foaming makes the dynamic heat insulating material that surface course and weaker zone are combined with each other in this mould.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031134750A CN100572707C (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Dynamic heat insulating material and preparation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031134750A CN100572707C (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Dynamic heat insulating material and preparation method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1450233A CN1450233A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| CN100572707C true CN100572707C (en) | 2009-12-23 |
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ID=28684085
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031134750A Expired - Fee Related CN100572707C (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Dynamic heat insulating material and preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104088423B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-04-06 | 鲁逸民 | External wall flame-retarding heat-preserving ornamental blocks |
| CN207122228U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-03-20 | 青岛有住信息技术有限公司 | A kind of water power transforms alignment system |
| CN107520934A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-29 | 融水县鼎丰竹木制品有限公司 | A kind of China fir wallboard and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102211A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-17 | 天津市化工防腐器材厂 | Phenolic foamed plastics |
| CN2134439Y (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1993-05-26 | 姜国炜 | Colour thermal insulating, sound insulating decoration compound steel plate |
-
2003
- 2003-05-14 CN CNB031134750A patent/CN100572707C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85102211A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-17 | 天津市化工防腐器材厂 | Phenolic foamed plastics |
| CN2134439Y (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1993-05-26 | 姜国炜 | Colour thermal insulating, sound insulating decoration compound steel plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1450233A (en) | 2003-10-22 |
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