CN112081259A - Building heat insulation structure, application and installation method - Google Patents
Building heat insulation structure, application and installation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112081259A CN112081259A CN202010792098.4A CN202010792098A CN112081259A CN 112081259 A CN112081259 A CN 112081259A CN 202010792098 A CN202010792098 A CN 202010792098A CN 112081259 A CN112081259 A CN 112081259A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
- Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a building heat preservation structure, application and installation method, which comprises a heat preservation layer made of aerogel-based composite materials, wherein the heat preservation layer is an aerogel felt or an aerogel plate, or a coating formed by spraying polyurethane-based aerogel, or a metal plate provided with heat preservation fillers, and the heat preservation fillers are synthetic fillers of aerogel felt or an aerogel plate or aerogel and polyurethane. The thermal conductivity coefficient that this application heat preservation utilized aerogel felt or aerogel board is lower to realize the good heat preservation effect of building, and the moulding simple and quality light characteristic of this heat preservation, not only easy to assemble can reduce cost moreover and practice thrift the space.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of building heat preservation, in particular to a building heat preservation structure, application and an installation method.
Background
The building heat-insulating material reduces the indoor and outdoor heat conversion of a building by taking measures for the outer protective structure of the building, thereby keeping the indoor temperature of the building. The building heat-insulating material plays an important role in building heat insulation, creating a suitable indoor environment and saving energy.
The requirements of the refrigeration building on heat insulation materials are more strict due to the moisture of the environment, the traditional building heat insulation building materials have single function, and once the waterproof layer leaks, the heat insulation layer loses the heat insulation function.
In the related art, the building material for ensuring the refrigeration environment and the external heat insulation and isolation mainly comprises polyurethane rigid foam, wherein the components comprise combined polyol and isocyanate, and the polyurethane rigid foam has the functions of heat insulation, water resistance, sound insulation, vibration absorption and the like. However, when an inorganic material such as polyurethane is used as the heat insulating material, there is a risk of a fire event occurring because polyurethane is not a completely fire-resistant material.
There are also building metal sandwich boards with sandwiched heat insulating materials such as polyurethane, rock wool, glass wool and extruded polystyrene foam board, including the mode of using polyurethane single-side rock wool sandwich and double-side cotton sandwich, but the production process of the building board is complicated and has high cost, and rock wool is easy to absorb water and deliquesce, so the service life is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve fire behavior when keeping warm, dampproofing to realize simple and easy installation and practice thrift the effect in space, the application provides a building insulation structure, uses and installation method.
The application provides a building insulation construction adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a building insulation structure, is the combined material heat preservation based on the aerogel, the heat preservation is aerogel felt or aerogel board, or is the coating that forms by polyurethane base aerogel spraying, or for the metal sheet that is equipped with the heat preservation filler, wherein the heat preservation filler is aerogel felt or aerogel board or aerogel and polyurethane's synthetic filler.
By adopting the technical scheme, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the aerogel is 0.015-0.025W/m.K, the aerogel is a solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity coefficient within 400 ℃, and the aerogel is a substance with known density second to that of all-carbon aerogel; the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate is adopted, and the characteristics of simple shaping and light weight are utilized, so that the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate can be conveniently adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall of a building; the polyurethane-based aerogel forms a heat-insulating layer on the surface of a building by adopting a spraying mode, so that the heat-insulating material is conveniently fixed on a building wall; the metal plate provided with the heat-insulating filler is more convenient to mount.
The application also provides an application of the building heat-insulating structure as a refrigerating building heat-insulating layer: the refrigeration building heat-insulating layer adopts the building heat-insulating structure.
The application also provides an installation method of the refrigeration building heat-insulating layer, which adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding the outer wall and/or inner wall surface of the building and keeping the surface dry;
s2: and (3) coating a building cementing material on the surface of the building after being flattened and/or the surface of one side of the heat-insulating layer close to the building, and adhering the heat-insulating layer to the surface of the building coated with the building cementing material, wherein the heat-insulating layer is an aerogel felt or an aerogel plate, and the minimum gap between adjacent heat-insulating layers is controlled during adhesion.
By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, the walls and the floor base layer are ensured to be clean and flat, and are dried, and then the building cementing material is coated; finally, the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate with the characteristics of simple shaping and light weight is directly attached to the inner wall and the outer wall of the building, so that the mounting is convenient; the gap between adjacent temperature layers is minimized to improve the installation effect, thereby improving the heat preservation effect.
Preferably, in S2, the aerogel blanket or the aerogel board is fixed to the building by the fixing member.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the heat preservation was located the indoor top of building, the mounting was favorable to increasing the stability of being connected between aerogel felt or the aerogel board and the building.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
s3: attaching a plurality of insulating layers to the surface of one insulating layer in the S2, wherein the insulating layer is aerogel felt or aerogel plate, and the aerogel felt or aerogel plate between the adjacent layers of the insulating layers are in offset butt joint;
and S4, attaching protective strips on the corners of the building.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the multilayer heat preservation is favorable to further improving the heat preservation effect, and the protection strip is favorable to sheltering from the building corner simultaneously, further improves the heat preservation effect.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
s5: at least one layer of building gridding cloth is attached outside the heat preservation layer, and an outer layer building cementing material is smeared outside the building gridding cloth.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, building net cloth is favorable to increasing insulation construction's hardness and intensity, further improves the heat preservation effect.
Preferably, the building cementitious material is cement mortar or travertine cementitious material.
By adopting the technical scheme, the material of the cement mortar or the travertine cementing material is easy to obtain and has a fireproof effect.
Preferably, the building mesh cloth is a glass fiber mesh cloth coated with the modified acrylate copolymer glue solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the glass fiber mesh fabric has the advantages of good chemical stability, high strength, light weight, difficult deformation and good toughness.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
s6: and coating surface materials on the outer layer of the outer-layer building cementing material or installing a metal plate, wherein the metal plate is connected with a building through a fixing piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface material or the installation metal plate is directly fixed on the building through the fixing piece, and the installation is convenient and quick.
The application also provides an installation method of the refrigeration building heat-insulating layer, which adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
a1: grinding the surface of a building to be flat and keeping the surface dry, and directly and uniformly spraying the polyurethane-based aerogel on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the building to form a heat-insulating layer; or
B1: and installing the metal plate provided with the heat-insulating filler on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the building through bolts, or assembling the refrigerated building through the metal plate provided with the heat-insulating filler.
By adopting the technical scheme, the mode of directly spraying the polyurethane-based aerogel is adopted, the method is not limited by the area of the wall surface of a building, the heat-insulating layer does not need to be cut, and redundant treatment is not needed at the corners, so that the method is more convenient; the metal plate provided with the heat-insulating filler is directly fixed on a building by bolts, so that the heat-insulating filler is convenient to install, and meanwhile, the strength of the heat-insulating layer is high. In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the thermal insulation layer utilizes the characteristic that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate is lower, so that a good thermal insulation effect of a building is realized, and the thermal insulation layer has the characteristics of simple shaping and lighter weight, is convenient to install, and can reduce the cost and save the space;
2. the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate has the characteristics of simple shaping and light weight, and is convenient to be adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall of a building; the polyurethane-based aerogel can be directly sprayed on the surface of a building to form a heat-insulating layer, so that the heat-insulating material is conveniently fixed on the wall of the building;
3. aerogel materials not only have the effect of heat preservation, but also have the effect of fire prevention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the layer structure of an embodiment 3 of the building insulation structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of embodiment 1 of a method for installing a building insulation structure according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of embodiment 2 of a method for installing a building insulation structure according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of embodiment 3 of a method for installing a building insulation structure according to the present application;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of the steps of an installation method of a building insulation structure according to embodiment 4 of the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a heat-insulating filler; 2. a metal plate.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.
The embodiment of the application discloses a building insulation structure.
Example 1
The utility model provides a building insulation construction that embodiment 1 disclosed, for the combined material's that uses the aerogel as the basis heat preservation, the heat preservation sets up to aerogel felt or aerogel board.
The compounding method of the aerogel felt comprises the following steps: mixing aerogel particles with a viscosity modifier (anionic polyacrylamide), a wetting agent, and a defoamer in a blender; sufficient water was then added to the blender to fill the blender to about 2/3 and the mixture was blended at low speed for 15 seconds; the opacifier titanium dioxide was then added to the blender and the entire mixture was blended at low speed for 30 seconds; the resulting aerogel/sunscreen dispersion was then added to the mixing tank; next, the acrylic polymer latex, the charged compound acting as a binder, was added to the mixing tank, and the whole slurry was mixed well for one minute, clearly a milky white emulsion was present throughout the mixing tank; adding the polyamine coagulant dropwise to the mixing tank until the clear supernatant is visible in the corners of the mixing tank; and dewatering the flocculate and drying at 150 deg.c for one hr to obtain aerogel felt with thickness of 3-10 mm, such as 3-10 mm or 5 mm.
The aerogel board is formed by bonding and hot-pressing multiple layers of aerogel felts, and the thickness of the aerogel board can be 10mm to 30mm, such as 10mm, 30mm or 15 mm.
Example 2
The utility model provides a building insulation construction that embodiment 2 disclosed, for the combined material's that uses the aerogel as the basis heat preservation, the heat preservation sets up to form by the spraying of polyurethane base aerogel, and the spraying formula polyurethane base aerogel that the polyurethane base aerogel made through aerogel powder and polyurethane foam mixture, wherein, the part by mass of aerogel powder is 5, and the part by mass of polyurethane foam is 2.
Example 3
The building insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present application is a metal plate 2 provided with an insulation filler 1, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the insulation filler 1 is an aerogel felt or an aerogel board in embodiment 1, or a synthetic filler layer of aerogel and polyurethane in embodiment 2, and the insulation filler 1 is sandwiched between the metal plates 2.
The application principle of a building insulation structure is: the thermal conductivity of the aerogel is 0.015-0.025W/m.K, and the aerogel is a solid material with the lowest thermal conductivity within 400 ℃, and the aerogel is a substance with known density which is second to that of all-carbon aerogel. The aerogel felt or the aerogel plate is adopted, and the characteristics of simple shaping and light weight are utilized, so that the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate can be conveniently adhered to the inner wall and the outer wall of a building; the polyurethane-based aerogel forms a heat-insulating layer on the surface of a building by adopting a spraying mode, so that the heat-insulating material is conveniently fixed on a building wall.
The embodiment of the application also discloses above-mentioned building insulation structure's application, and it is applied to refrigeration building and keeps warm, installs it in the inner wall and/or the outer wall of refrigeration building wall body to utilize the lower specificity of aerogel coefficient of heat conductivity, thereby realize the good heat preservation effect of building, and the moulding simple and quality light characteristic of this heat preservation, not only easy to assemble, can reduce cost moreover and practice thrift the space.
The embodiment of the application also discloses an installation method of the building heat insulation structure applied to heat insulation of a refrigeration building.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the application discloses an installation method of a building heat insulation structure.
As shown in fig. 2, an installation method of a building insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present application includes the following steps:
s1: the surface of the building is ground flat and kept dry.
S2: coating a building cementing material on the surface of the building after being polished flat, such as the inner surface (certainly, the inner surface can also be the outer surface, or both the inner surface and the outer surface can be determined according to the actual use requirement), coating the same building cementing material on one side of the heat-insulating layer close to the building, and adhering the building cementing material on the surface of the building coated with the building cementing material; the heat-insulating layer is made of the aerogel felt or the aerogel plate, the building cementing material is made of cement mortar or travertine cementing material, the building cementing material is controlled to be 30-40 mm, and the gap between adjacent heat-insulating layers is controlled to be minimum when the building cementing material is pasted. In addition, in a higher use environment, such as when the aerogel blanket (board) is used for an inner roof, the aerogel blanket (board) on the first layer should be fixed to the building wall by using an additional fixing means, such as wall nails to fix the aerogel blanket (board) to the building.
S5: at least one layer of building grid cloth is attached to the outside of the heat preservation layer, an outer layer building cementing material is coated on the outside of the building grid cloth, the building grid cloth is a glass fiber grid cloth coated with modified acrylate copolymerization glue solution, the building cementing material is cement mortar or a travertine cementing material, and the building cementing material is controlled to be 30-40 mm.
S6: and coating surface materials on the outer layer of the outer layer building cementing material or installing metal plates, wherein the surface materials are general building outer wall materials such as PTFE coatings and the like, and the metal plates are connected with a building through fixing pieces such as bolts.
The implementation principle of the installation method of the building heat insulation structure is as follows: because aerogel felt or aerogel board have moulding simple and the lighter characteristics of quality, can use the mode of direct attached inside and outside the wall of building, this mode needs at first to guarantee that wall and floor basic unit are clean level and smooth and dry. The construction gel material is firstly coated on the inner wall or the outer wall of the building needing heat preservation. The same construction cementitious material was also applied to one side of the aerogel blanket or slab. And then attaching the aerogel blanket or aerogel board coated with the building cementitious material to the inner wall or the outer wall of the building coated with the building cementitious material. The same method as described above should be used to install the aerogel blankets or aerogel blankets around the aerogel board and to ensure that the interstitial space between the individual aerogel blankets is kept to a minimum.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, an installation method of a building insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present application is substantially the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the method further includes, between S2 and S5:
s3: adhering a plurality of insulating layers on the surface of the insulating layer in the step S2, and referring to FIG. 3, if a layer of aerogel felt or aerogel plate is adhered, the aerogel felt or aerogel plate between the adjacent layers of the insulating layer is in offset butt joint, so that a gap which is not covered by the insulating layer is avoided;
s4: in addition, the two layers of aerogel felts (plates) are in offset butt joint, edge protection strips are used on the corners of the wall, and the edge protection strips are metal corner protection strips or PVC plastic corner protection strips which are commonly used in buildings.
The installation method of the building heat insulation structure disclosed by the embodiment 2 of the application is characterized in that a plurality of heat insulation layers are installed on the building wall, so that the heat insulation effect is improved, and meanwhile, gaps which do not cover the heat insulation layers can be avoided.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, an installation method of a building insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present application includes the following steps:
b1: the metal plate 2 provided with the heat insulation filler 1 is installed on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the building through bolts, or the refrigeration building is assembled through the metal plate 2 provided with the heat insulation filler 1.
The installation method of the building heat insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 3 of the application is directly installed on a building wall through the metal plate 2 replacing a heat insulation layer, has a good heat insulation effect, and is simpler in process and easy to operate.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5, an installation method of a building insulation structure disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present application, with reference to fig. 4 and 5, includes the following steps:
a1, the surface of building is ground flat and keeps dry, and at the surface of the building after grinding, like internal surface (also can be at the external surface certainly, or internal and external surface all can, according to the actual use demand and decide) direct spraying above-mentioned polyurethane base aerogel, form the heat preservation, use on-the-spot spraying formula aerogel can directly be applicable to concrete and masonry structure outer wall and interior wall, robbed through the spraying and carry out the uniform spraying to refrigeration building inner wall and outer wall.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a building insulation structure, its characterized in that for the combined material heat preservation based on the aerogel, the heat preservation is aerogel felt or aerogel board, or is the coating that forms by polyurethane base aerogel spraying, or for being equipped with metal sheet (2) of heat preservation filler (1), wherein heat preservation filler (1) is aerogel felt or aerogel board or the synthetic filler of aerogel and polyurethane.
2. The application of a building insulation structure as a refrigeration building insulation layer is characterized in that the refrigeration building insulation layer adopts the building insulation structure of claim 1.
3. The method for installing the heat-insulating layer of the refrigeration building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, grinding the outer wall and/or inner wall surface of the building and keeping the surface dry;
s2: and (3) coating a building cementing material on the surface of the building after being flattened and/or the surface of one side of the heat-insulating layer close to the building, and adhering the heat-insulating layer to the surface of the building coated with the building cementing material, wherein the heat-insulating layer is an aerogel felt or an aerogel plate, and the minimum gap between adjacent heat-insulating layers is controlled during adhesion.
4. A method of installing a building insulation according to claim 3, wherein in S2, the aerogel blanket or plate is fixed to the building by a fixing member.
5. A method of installing a refrigerated building insulation as claimed in claim 3 further comprising:
s3: attaching a plurality of insulating layers to the surface of one insulating layer in the S2, wherein the insulating layer is aerogel felt or aerogel plate, and the aerogel felt or aerogel plate between the adjacent layers of the insulating layers are in offset butt joint;
and S4, attaching protective strips on the corners of the building.
6. A method of installing a refrigerated building insulation as claimed in any of claims 3 to 5 further comprising:
s5: at least one layer of building gridding cloth is attached outside the heat preservation layer, and an outer layer building cementing material is smeared outside the building gridding cloth.
7. A method of installing a refrigerated building insulation as claimed in claim 6 wherein the building cementitious material is cement mortar or travertine cementitious material.
8. A method of installing a insulating layer for a refrigerated building according to claim 6 wherein the building scrim is a fiberglass scrim coated with a modified acrylate copolymer glue.
9. A method of installing a refrigerated building insulation as claimed in claim 6 further comprising:
s6: and coating surface materials on the outer layer of the outer-layer building cementing material or installing a metal plate, wherein the metal plate is connected with a building through a fixing piece.
10. The method for installing the heat-insulating layer of the refrigeration building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a1: grinding the surface of a building to be flat and keeping the surface dry, and directly and uniformly spraying the polyurethane-based aerogel on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the building to form a heat-insulating layer; or
B1: the metal plate (2) provided with the heat insulation filler (1) is arranged on the outer wall and/or the inner wall of the building through bolts, or the refrigeration building is assembled through the metal plate (2) provided with the heat insulation filler (1).
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022217651A1 (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-20 | 朱秦江 | Anti-radiation aerogel composite coiled material and application method thereof in wall |
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