CN100525381C - Image signal processor and image signal processing method - Google Patents
Image signal processor and image signal processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The disclosed is to provide an image signal processor and its method in which the enhancement of resolution and the effective reduction of noise are compatible. The image signal processor is provided with an edge character detector that detects a character of an edge of an object, an image signal frequency zone limiter that executes a noise removing process, an image signal frequency zone enhancer that executes a resolution enhancing process and a gain controller that changes each intensity of the image signal frequency zone limiter and the image signal frequency zone enhancer according to an output result of the edge character detector.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image signal processing apparatus and image-signal processing method.
Background technology
As the background technology in present technique field, the flat 10-113680 communique of Japanese Patent Application is for example arranged.In addition, as the background technology in present technique field, the flat 1-262185 communique of Japanese Patent Application is for example arranged.In addition, as the background technology in present technique field, TOHKEMY 2004-208038 communique is for example arranged.
Patent documentation 1: the flat 10-113680 of Japanese Patent Application number
Patent documentation 2: the flat 1-262185 of Japanese Patent Application number
Patent documentation 3: TOHKEMY 2004-208038 number
In the prior art, by utilizing with the difference information of neighboring pixel etc., the gain that improves high-frequency signal realizes improving the signal processing of image exploring degree., in the picture signal of taking with video camera, except the simple picture signal of the body that is taken, the also overlapping noise that has by the generation of analog circuits such as imaging apparatus.Therefore, the signal processing that improves described image exploring degree becomes the major reason of amplifying noise component(s).
For example, Fig. 7 is the extrapolation interpolated signal of the patent documentation 1 record example when generating.Fig. 7 (a) is the input picture element signal, and from center pixel a to f, overlapping on c and d noisiness is arranged is the noise of Ns.When generating interpolated signal between each pixel, under the situation of linear interpolation, shown in Fig. 7 (b), noisiness Ns reaches and the equal noisiness of input picture element signal., under the situation of interpolation of extrapolating, shown in Fig. 7 (c), noisiness is (1+ α) Ns, causes S/N to worsen.Like this, the signal processing of the raising image exploring degree of prior art becomes the great reason that noise amplifies.
In addition, for example, in the interpolated signal generation method of patent documentation 2 record, decide coefficient, generate interpolated signal according to the correlation of signal.For example, when the interpolated signal under the imaging apparatus situation that generate to use primary colors Bayer (Bayer) to arrange, the interpolated signal Rg (t) of the R that tries to achieve according to the G signal is
Rg(t)＝Rc(t)/Gc(t)×G(t)
Here, suppose that the Ns noise overlaps on each picture element signal, then becomes
Rg(t)＝(Rc(t)+αNs)/(Gc(t)+αNs)×(G(t)+Ns)
But, because noise is the high-frequency AC component, diminish by the noise component(s) behind the low pass filter, so α＜1, if t → ∞, then α ≈ 0.Therefore become
Rg(t)＝Rc(t)/Gc(t)×(G(t)+Ns)
The noise component(s) that is interpolated signal Rg (t) is
Rg(t)＝Rc(t)/Gc(t)×Ns
Become the noise of overlapping Rc (t)/Gc (t) part.Therefore, particularly the value of Rc (t)/Gc (t) more than or equal to 1 situation under, exist the above noise component(s) of original noisiness to overlap problem on the interpolated signal.
On the other hand, in the prior art,, noise level is descended, realize removing the signal processing method of denoising by reducing high frequency band.The gain of high fdrequency component of signal of necessity such as edge component of the body that is taken is also descended, become the major reason that the exploring degree is worsened.
As mentioned above, in the prior art, the high-resolution processing and the noise of employing are removed processing, have opposite character, exist to be difficult to the problem that both take into account.
Therefore, in the present invention, will improve the ease of use of image signal processing apparatus and image-signal processing method by the processing that reduces noise effectively and improve the exploring degree.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is with a kind of preferred mode composing images signal processing apparatus, and this image signal processing apparatus has: to the picture signal band restrictions of input picture element signal restricted band; Picture signal band raising portion to input picture element signal raising frequency band; Detect the edge feature test section of the edge feature of received image signal; And according to the output of described edge feature test section, control and output are from the gain controller of the output pixel signal of described picture signal band restrictions and described picture signal band raising portion.
In preferred example, constitute described picture signal band restrictions by low pass filter, constitute described picture signal band raising portion by high pass filter.
In addition, described edge feature test section best detection is gazed at the difference value of pixel and neighboring pixel.In addition, described edge feature test section detects the absolute value of the signal level of gazing at pixel and neighboring pixel.
If employing the present invention then can improve the ease of use of image signal processing apparatus and image-signal processing method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of preferred forms 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of preferred forms 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the image signal processing apparatus of expression embodiments of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of expression embodiments of the invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of expression embodiments of the invention 3.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of expression embodiments of the invention 4.
Fig. 7 is the illustration of the extrapolation interpolation in the presentation video signal processing.
Embodiment
Below, use description of drawings embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of preferred implementation 1 of the present invention.
Frequency band limits portion 101 is the portions of received image signal being removed noise component(s).As an example, be low pass filter or intermediate-frequency filter.
Frequency band raising portion 102 is the portions that received image signal carried out the high-resolution processing, for example is to received image signal affix momentum (overshoot) and following momentum (undershoot), detects and revise the portion at edge of body of being taken.As an example, be the portion that generates the interpolated signal that makes the frequency band extension when generating interpolated signal.
Edge feature test section 103 is the difference value information that received image signal is detected certain specific pixel and its neighboring pixel, perhaps according to the absolute value of signal level, detects the portion of edge feature of the body that is taken in this zone.As an example, under the big situation of the difference value of certain specific pixel and its neighboring pixel, detecting is the profile of body of being taken.Otherwise if described difference value is little, then detecting is the smooth backgrounds such as space of intensity level.As another example, be that the centering imago is usually said, with up and down or the difference value of the pixel of incline direction size separately, detect the portion of direction of the profile (edge) of the body that is taken by relatively.In addition, as another example, except difference value,, detect people's the skin or the flat in space also according to the absolute value of luminance level or the hue information of chrominance signal.
Utilization is with upper type, image area for noise component(s) does not need to carry out the high-resolution processing significantly corresponding to the output of edge feature test section 103, makes the effect of frequency band limits portion 101 stronger, weaken the effect of frequency band raising portion 102, can remove noise component(s) effectively.In addition, many, the inapparent image area of noise of edge component for the body that is taken weakens the effect of frequency band limits portion 101, strengthens the effect of frequency band raising portion 102, can improve the exploring degree effectively.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the image signal processing apparatus of optimal way 2 of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, frequency band limits portion 101 and frequency band raising portion 102 are connected in series, also can carry out noise reduction and exploring degree effectively and improve processing.Here, as the difference of structure shown in Figure 1 and structure shown in Figure 2, can consider following situation.That is, the processing speed of structure shown in Figure 1 is faster than the processing speed of structure shown in Figure 2.On the other hand, the installation of structure shown in Figure 2 is easier than the installation of structure shown in Figure 1.In addition, self-evident, even the order of transform band restrictions 101 and frequency band raising portion 102, a perhaps use also can obtain effect of the present invention.
In addition, self-evident, utilize circuit structure or the processing by software, also can realize constituting each one of image signal processing apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment that applies the present invention to the pixel interpolation circuit of camera head.
Light from the body that is taken is exposed and is transformed into the imaging apparatus 301 of the signal of telecommunication, and along continuous straight runs is exported to each pixel according to dot sequency with picture element signal.This picture element signal is transformed into numerical data by A/D302.Camera signal treatment circuit 303 generates YcrCb signal or rgb signal according to the picture element signal of this numerical dataization.304 pairs of along continuous straight runs of line storage are preserved the pixel of multirow a scan period according to the YcrCb signal or the rgb signal of dot sequency output as delegation.Disable condition decision circuitry 305, linear interpolation circuit 307, top rake interpolation circuit 308, rear-inclined interpolation circuit 309 and interpolation decision circuitry 310 be with patent documentation 1 in the record the equal circuit structure of circuit.
That is,, be equivalent to the picture element signal that generates by foregoing frequency band raising portion 102 by the picture element signal that the top rake interpolation circuit 308 in the present embodiment, rear-inclined interpolation circuit 309 and interpolation decision circuitry 310 generate.
In addition, by the picture element signal that linear interpolation circuit of the present invention 307 generates, be equivalent to the picture element signal that generates by foregoing frequency band limits portion 101.
Edge feature test section 103 is to received image signal, according to the difference value information of certain specific pixel and neighboring pixel thereof or the absolute value of signal level, detects the portion of feature at the edge of the body that is taken in this zone.Gain controller 104 is according to the output from edge feature test section 103, changes the output result's of interpolation decision circuitry 310 and linear interpolation circuit 307 proportion, carries out the portion of addition process.
If adopt above structure, when then interpolated signal generated,, the easily significant image area of noise few concerning the edge component of the body that is taken, linear interpolation strengthened, and can generate the interpolated signal that has suppressed noise amplification.In addition, about many, the inapparent image area of noise of edge component of the body that is taken, the extrapolation interpolation strengthens, can generate the interpolated signal that has improved the exploring degree.
In addition, structure as present embodiment, in the picture element interpolation device of input digital image signal, generation interpolated signal, can constitute a kind of like this image signal processing apparatus, this image signal processing apparatus comprises: according to the former data of interpolation before the interpolated data that generates, ask the extrapolation point, with its first interpolating portion as interpolated data; According to the former data of interpolation after the interpolated data that generates, ask the extrapolation point, with its second interpolating portion as interpolated data; With the interpolated data before and after the interpolated data that generates, export the 3rd interpolating portion of described interpolated data, the 3rd interpolating portion detects the slope of described interpolation with former data, the arrangement of judgement signal is epirelief and still is protruding down, if described interpolation is epirelief with the arrangement of former data, then select the output of the output of described first interpolating portion and described second interpolating portion medium and small one, if described interpolation is protruding down with the arrangement of former data, then select in the output of the output of described first interpolating portion and described second interpolating portion big by one, as the output of extrapolation interpolated signal; The be taken edge feature test section of edge feature of body of detection; And according to the output result of this edge feature test section, change is from the output pixel signal of described extrapolation interpolated signal generating unit with from the output pixel signal volume efficiency separately of described the 3rd interpolating portion, the gain controller that carries out add operation.
In addition, following present embodiment is applied to camera head.That is, this camera head comprises: the light from the body that is taken is exposed and is transformed into the imaging apparatus of the signal of telecommunication; To be transformed into the A/D transformation component of numerical data from the picture element signal of imaging apparatus output; According to this numerical data change picture element signal, generate the camera signal treatment circuit of luminance signal and color difference signal; And with horizontal scan direction as delegation, preserve the line storage of the picture element signal of multirow, in this camera head, utilize described interpolated signal method of formation, carry out zoom and handle.
Fig. 4 applies the present invention to be taken the embodiment of image signal processing apparatus of profile correction of body.
Frequency band limits portion 101 and edge feature test section 103 have and described same function.
The first gain controller 104a is according to the output from edge feature test section 103, and the proportion of input picture element signal and frequency band limits portion 101 is changed, and carries out the portion of addition process.Profile portion correction portion 401, rim detection portion 402 and edge generating unit 403 be with patent documentation 3 in the record the equal circuit structure of each.The second gain controller 104b is according to from the output of edge feature test section 103, the output result's of profile portion correction portion 401 and edge generating unit 403 proportion is changed, carry out the portion of addition process.
That is,, be equivalent to the picture element signal that generates by foregoing frequency band raising portion 102 by the picture element signal that the rim detection portion 402 of present embodiment and edge generating unit 403 generate.
If adopt above structure, few, the significant image area of noise of the edge component for the body that is taken then, frequency band limits portion strengthens, and can generate the signal of inhibition noise enhancing.In addition, about many, the inapparent image area of noise of edge component of the body that is taken, the profile correction strengthens, and can improve the exploring degree.
In addition, as structure of the present invention, be a kind of input digital image signal, the image signal processing apparatus of the profile correction of the body that is taken, this image signal processing apparatus comprises: the first profile portion correction portion of the data image signal of this input being carried out the profile correcting process; Detect the profile portion test section that the profile portion of the data image signal of this input is used; According to the testing result of this profile portion test section, revise the second profile portion correction portion of profile portion of the data image signal of this input; The be taken edge feature test section of edge feature of body of detection; And according to the output result of this edge feature test section, change is from the output image signal of this first profile portion correction portion with from the output image signal volume efficiency separately of this second profile portion correction portion, the gain controller that carries out add operation.
Even Fig. 5 is the embodiment that applies the present invention to also not take place in the edge part of the body that is taken of patent documentation 2 record in the signal interpolation device of pseudo-chrominance signal.
Omit explanation imaging apparatus 301 and A/D302.
In addition, synchronous circuit 601, sample circuit 602, translation circuit 603, coefficient circuit 604, computing circuit 605 are identical with the structure of each circuit of patent documentation 2 records.
In addition, frequency band limits portion 101 and edge feature test section 103 have and foregoing same function.
If adopt above structure, when then generating interpolated signal,, the significant image area of noise few concerning the edge component of the body that is taken, frequency band limits portion strengthens, and can generate the interpolated signal of inhibition noise amplification.In addition, about many, the inapparent image area of noise of edge component of the body that is taken, can generate the interpolated signal that improves the exploring degree.
In addition, present embodiment is not limited to the imaging apparatus that the primary colors Bayer is arranged, and (Mg: pinkish red, Gr: green, Cy: blue or green, Ye: imaging apparatus Huang) also can be suitable for even much less complementary colours is arranged.
In addition, structure as present embodiment, camera head with the imaging apparatus that the light from the body that is taken that is arranged with a plurality of colour filters is exposed and be transformed into the signal of telecommunication and the A/D converter that will be transformed into numerical data from the picture element signal of imaging apparatus output, become the signal interpolation device, this signal interpolation device comprises: the first sampling portion of first train of signal of the same kind of first signal of any selection taking-up from described signal source taking-up and the picture element signal by described a plurality of colour filters generations; From the second sampling portion of described signal source taking-up with the secondary signal string of this first train of signal variety classes signal; The output signal of this first and second sampling portion is carried out the first and second waveform shaping portion of waveform shaping respectively; Ask the coefficient portion that uses with the coefficient of the output signal of corresponding this second waveform shaping portion of the output signal of this first waveform shaping portion; The output signal of this first and second sampling portion is carried out the frequency band limits portion of frequency band limits; The be taken edge feature test section of edge feature of body of detection; According to the output result of this edge feature test section, to from the output pixel signal of the output signal of this first and second sampling portion and the gain controller that changes and carry out add operation from the picture element signal volume efficiency separately of the imaging apparatus of this numerical dataization; Carry out the operational part that the computing between the output signal of the output signal of this display part and described gain controller is used; And the interpolating portion of the output signal of the described second sampling portion being carried out interpolation with the output signal of this operational part.
Fig. 6 applies the present invention to by to received image signal affix momentum and following momentum the embodiment in the image signal processing apparatus of raising exploring degree.
Edge feature test section 103 is to received image signal, according to the difference value information of certain specific pixel and its neighboring pixel or the absolute value of signal level, detects the portion of feature at the edge of the body that is taken in this zone.Gain controller 104 is according to the output from edge feature test section 103, to the proportion variation that the output of horizontal scan direction second differential portion 701 and vertical scanning direction second differential portion 702 is carried out the portion of add operation and made and import picture element signal, carry out the portion of addition process.
If adopt above structure, then when interpolated signal generates,, the easily significant image area of noise few concerning the edge component of the body that is taken, last momentum, following the additional of momentum weaken, and can generate inhibition noise amplifying signal.In addition, about many, the inapparent image area of noise of edge component of the body that is taken, last momentum, the additional enhancing of momentum down can improve the exploring degree.
In addition, structure as present embodiment, at the input digital image signal, generate in the image signal processing apparatus of profile corrected signal, become image signal processing apparatus, this image signal processing apparatus comprises: horizontal scan direction as delegation, is preserved the line storage of the picture element signal of multirow part; According to output image signal, generate the horizontal scan direction second differential portion that carries out the signal of second differential along horizontal scan direction from this line storage; According to output image signal, generate the vertical scanning direction second differential portion that carries out second differential along vertical scanning direction from this line storage; The be taken edge feature test section of edge feature of body of detection; And according to the output result of this edge feature test section, to the gain controller that changes and carry out add operation from the output pixel signal of this horizontal scan direction second differential portion, from the data image signal volume efficiency separately of the output image signal of this vertical scanning direction second differential portion and this input.
If adopt the structure of above explanation, then the first, the edge component of the body that is taken that can strengthen image is few, noise easily the noise in significant zone remove processing, weaken unnecessary high-resolution processing.In addition, the second, the noise that the body that is taken that can weaken image is many, noise component(s) is not easy significant zone is removed processing, strengthens the high-resolution processing.
According to this first and second, can provide generation to carry out noise effectively and remove image signal processing apparatus or the program of using with the image of high-resolution processing.
Claims (8)
1. image signal processing apparatus comprises:
The input picture element signal is removed the picture signal band restrictions of noise contribution restricted band;
The input picture element signal is improved the picture signal band raising portion that frequency band carries out the high-resolution processing;
Detect the edge feature test section of the edge feature of received image signal; And
According to the output of described edge feature test section, control and output is from the gain controller of the output pixel signal of described picture signal band restrictions and described picture signal band raising portion, wherein,
Described gain controller comprises:
According to the output result of this edge feature test section, output pixel signal and the input picture element signal volume efficiency separately and first gain controller that carries out add operation of change picture signal band restrictions; And
According to the output result of described edge feature test section, change is from the output image signal of this picture signal band raising portion with from the output pixel signal volume efficiency separately of this first gain controller and second gain controller that carries out add operation.
2. image signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Described picture signal band restrictions uses low pass filter to constitute,
Described picture signal band raising portion uses high pass filter to constitute.
3. image signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Described edge feature test section detects the difference value of specific pixel and neighboring pixel.
4. image signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Described edge feature test section detects the absolute value of the signal level of specific pixel and neighboring pixel.
5. image signal processing apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described picture signal band restrictions is made of low pass filter, and described picture signal band raising portion adds by the output signal with high pass filter and realizes in the input picture element signal.
6. image signal processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Described frequency band raising portion comprises
The data image signal of this input is carried out the first profile portion correction portion of profile correcting process;
The profile portion test section that the profile portion of the data image signal of this input is detected; And
According to the testing result of this profile portion test section, the edge generating unit that the profile portion of the data image signal of this input is revised.
7. image-signal processing method, wherein:
Detect the feature of received image signal,
To described received image signal restricted band,
Described received image signal is improved frequency band,
According to described testing result, change the volume efficiency separately of described confined received image signal and described received image signal, and carry out add operation,
According to described testing result, the volume efficiency separately of the output pixel signal after changing described received image signal that is enhanced and change and carrying out add operation, and carry out add operation.
8. image-signal processing method according to claim 7, wherein:
Detect the edge of waveform of described received image signal or the feature of profile.
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| JP4435843B1 (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2010-03-24 | ミツミ電機株式会社 | Video display device |
| KR20100050005A (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-13 | 한국전자통신연구원 | Anisotropic diffusion method and apparatus based on directions of edge |
| KR101574730B1 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2015-12-07 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | apparatus and method for processing images |
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