CN100524950C - 轴向挤压电连接器 - Google Patents

轴向挤压电连接器 Download PDF

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CN100524950C
CN100524950C CNB2004100549443A CN200410054944A CN100524950C CN 100524950 C CN100524950 C CN 100524950C CN B2004100549443 A CNB2004100549443 A CN B2004100549443A CN 200410054944 A CN200410054944 A CN 200410054944A CN 100524950 C CN100524950 C CN 100524950C
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connector
mouthpiece
connector body
outer conductor
electric connector
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CN1577984A (zh
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纳希德·伊斯拉姆
乔恩·李
尼尔·索伯恩
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Commscope Technologies LLC
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Andrew LLC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
    • H01R24/40—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
    • H01R24/56—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency specially adapted to a specific shape of cables, e.g. corrugated cables, twisted pair cables, cables with two screens or hollow cables
    • H01R24/564—Corrugated cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
    • H01R9/0521—Connection to outer conductor by action of a nut
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
    • H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
    • H01R13/5205—Sealing means between cable and housing, e.g. grommet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2103/00—Two poles

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  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种电连接器，其通过轴向挤压与螺旋波纹外导体同轴电缆相联。形成在连接器主体内孔上的螺纹与螺旋波纹外导体旋紧配合。接口件轴向挤入连接器主体并形成压配合，外导体的前沿变形，形成高质量的均匀的电联接并防止电缆从连接器上松脱。在轴向挤压过程中，通过各种连接器元件的轴向运动也对在连接器中用于密封各种通路的密封圈进行压紧密封。

Description

轴向挤压电连接器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电连接器。更具体地讲，本发明涉及一种电连接器，可通过施加轴向压力安装在具有螺旋波纹外导体的电缆上。
背景技术
用于波纹外导体电缆的连接器广泛应用在半柔性波纹同轴电缆的工业领域里。
以前，连接器被设计成通过焊接、压接和/或相切于电缆的纵向轴线施加机械挤压连接到同轴电缆。焊接连接的质量随安装人员的技术水平和精神状况而有所变化。焊接连接非常费时并需要特殊工具，特别是在现场进行连接器安装时更是如此。机械挤压连接可能需要不便于携带或商业上不适于现场安装使用的压力水平和/或特殊工具。使用通过拧紧形成在连接器上的螺纹予以挤压的楔型元件的机械挤压制造费用极为昂贵。
在具有铝制波纹外导体的同轴电缆的情况下，由于铝制外导体相对较软，所以先前的压接法无法充分保证所希望的连接。
另一种挤压连接方式是通过轴向挤压。在早期的轴向挤压连接器中，部分辫形和/或薄片状外导体向后折叠在自身上，且通过施加轴向挤压的手工工具将套圈强加在折叠的外导体上。由于在不撕裂的情况下将硬导体折叠到其自身上的困难，这种型式的连接器不适用于硬金属外导体同轴电缆。
电缆和连接器领域内的竞争已将减少安装时间、减少所需的安装工具及降连接器/材料成本的要求提高到更重要的程度。同时，竞争也集中到易于使用、电连接质量和连接器可靠性上。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的就是提供一种能克服现有技术缺陷的电联连接器和安装方法。
一种用于具有螺旋波纹外导体的同轴电缆的电连接器，包括圆柱状连接器主体，具有适于以螺旋方式容放外导体的内接口安装表面；以及接口件，适于通过施加轴向压力以压配合与连接器主体的连接器端连接；连接器主体和接口件的轴向相互挤压使外导体前沿变形，从而将外导体配合到连接器上。
接口件具有中心接触销，其通过绝缘体同轴设置于接口件中。
接口件具有至少一个将接口件外部直径与内部直径相互连接的出入口。
还包括适于可旋转地安装在接口件外侧的联接螺母。
还包括在接口件上形成的面向电缆端的保持槽，其带有在径向上可变形的外部边缘以形成将联接螺母保持在接口件上的凸起。
还包括一密封圈，适于旋套在外导体螺旋波纹上并在将电缆拧入连接器主体时相对于连接器主体密封。
该接口件具有朝向连接器主体伸出的斜导向表面以在斜导向表面和接口件的连接器主体连接表面之间形成面向电缆端的外导体槽。
还包括通过绝缘体同轴设置在接口件的中心接触销。
还包括多个位于中心接触销的电缆端上的弹簧指；
各弹簧指径向向内偏置，以在轴向挤压连接器时抓紧电缆的中心导体。
绝缘体伸过弹簧指外部半径的至少一部分。
该接口件具有朝向连接器主体伸出的斜导向面以形成外导体槽。
还包括带有向内突出的保持台肩的联接螺母，向内突出的保持台肩适于连接器上将联接螺母可旋转地挡持在连接器主体与接口件之间。
还包括位于连接器主体外径上的槽中的密封圈，从而该密封圈在联接螺母与连接器主体之间实现密封。
还包括套管，适于通过施加轴向压力以压配合与连接器主体的电缆端连接。
还包括位于套管与连接器主体之间的内部槽中的密封圈，套管和连接器主体的轴向压力压缩该内部槽中的密封圈，以在连接器主体的电缆端与同轴电缆之间形成密封。
所述连接器适于与F型母接头配接。
所述内接口安装表面有一对螺纹，每条螺纹彼此间定向间隔180度。
还包括环绕连接器主体形成的凸脊，在轴向压紧套管与连接器主体时套管抵靠其上。
接口件与连接器主体之间的压配合形成在接口件安装表面和连接器主体配合表面之间；接口件安装表面位于连接器主体的连接器端的外径上，连接器主体配合表面位于接口件的电缆端的内径上。
直径比接口件安装表面小的接口件安装导向表面与接口件安装表面相邻设置，靠近连接器主体的连接器端。
附图说明
纳入本说明书中并构成本说明书一部分的附图示出本发明的实施例，并连同上面给出的本发明的总体说明和下面给出的具体实施例的详细说明用于对本发明的原理进行解释。
图1是根据本发明的第一实施例的连接器的组合外部侧视图和局部剖视图；
图2a为图1中的联接螺母的侧剖视图；
图2b为图1中的联接螺母的端视图；
图3a为图1中的接口件的侧剖视图；
图3b为图1中的接口件的端视图；
图4a为图1中的连接器主体的端视图；
图4b为图1中的连接器主体的侧剖视图；
图5a为图1中的套筒的侧剖视图；
图5b为图1中的套筒的端视图；
图5c为图1中的套筒的外部侧视图；
图6为安装在电缆上的图1连接器的侧剖视图；
图7为根据本发明的第二实施例的连接器的组合外部侧视图和局部剖视图；
图8a为在连接前连接器的侧剖视图和同轴电缆的局部侧剖视图；
图8b为在轴向压缩前连接器的侧剖视图和同轴电缆的局部侧剖视图；
图8c为安装的连接器的侧剖视图和同轴电缆的局部侧剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面针对与75欧姆螺旋波纹外导体同轴电缆配用的标准F型(CATV)连接器接口件参照图1-6对本发明进行详细的描述。本领域技术人员将会认识到，下面所论述的本发明同样可应用于其它类似的连接器接口件和/或螺旋波纹同轴电缆结构。
如图1所示，连接器1包括围绕与配装于套管9中的连接器主体7相配接的接口件5的联接螺母3。多个可压缩和/或可变形的密封衬圈，例如橡胶或硅胶O型圈，可以围绕连接器1设置在连接器内，从而环境密封联接部。第一密封圈11座放于接口件5上，位于联接螺母3与接口件5之间，从而密封连接器1和母接头之间的连接部。第二密封圈13座放于连接器主体7上，位于联接螺母3与连接器主体7之间，从而封闭联接螺母3与连接器主体7之间的联接部。第三密封圈15位于套筒9与连接器主体7之间，用来在连接器主体7和电缆外皮之间进行密封。如果连接器1安装在干燥环境中，上述部分密封圈或全部密封圈可以省略。
图2a和2b详细示出联接螺母3。联接螺母3的连接器端17具有形成在联接螺母孔内半径上的螺纹19，用来与F型母接头相连。向内突出的保持台肩21具有适于松配合套装在连接器主体7的连接器端17而非接口件5上的内径。在联接螺母3外表面上形成有多个面23，当通过螺纹19旋拧连接器1以将其装接于F型母接头时作为工具配合表面来旋转联接螺母3。
图3a和3b详细示出接口件5。形成在连接器端17上的接口件台肩25适于放置第一密封圈11。连接器主体连接表面27具有适于以压配合(interference fit)容纳连接器主体7的连接器端17的内径。一斜导向面31朝向电缆端29轴向伸出，以形成面向电缆端29的圆形外导体槽33。
图4a和4b详细示出连接器主体7。电缆端29处的套管安装导向表面35具有在其进行初始压配合安装时适于初始容纳并且对准套管9的连接器端17的外径。具有较大的外径的套管安装表面37适于在最终压配合中固定套管9的连接器端17。凸脊39径向向外伸出以当套管9轴向移动到连接器主体7上时为套管9提供一止挡。槽41用作第二密封圈13的承座。
在连接器主体7的连接器端17处，接口件安装导向面45具有适于初始容纳并且对齐接口件5的连接器主体连接表面27的外径。具有较大直径的接口件安装表面43适于在最后压配合中沿连接器主体配合表面27固定接口件5的电缆端29。
外导体螺纹47沿连接器主体7的孔的接口区域49径向向内伸出地形成。外导体螺纹47适于与形成在预期同轴电缆外导体上的螺旋波纹螺旋配合。在此，示出了适于与位于伊力诺斯州、奥兰多公园市的安祝公司所生产的Coral(商标)牌螺旋波纹、低成本、高性能同轴电缆相配合的双螺纹。外导体上的一对螺旋波纹彼此间定向间隔180度。此种独特的铝制防水电缆公开在同样装让给美国安祝公司且全部内容结合在此引作参考的、2002年4月24日提交的美国专利申请号10/131,747中。
另外，可以采用用于传统的单头螺纹螺旋波纹铜电缆的、具有单头外导体螺纹47的电缆接口区域49，例如如下文结合图8a-c所描述的那样。
在连接器主体7的接口区域49和电缆端29之间，孔具有增加的直径，适于将带有保护性外皮的预期同轴电缆容放就位。
图5a-c详细示出套管9。形成在电缆端29的电缆导向表面51可以有一定的角度以有助于电缆的初始插入。在连接器端17处的连接器主体安装表面53具有一内径，该内径适于以压配合与套管安装表面37配接。在套管9外径周围可形成滚花状握持表面55或类似结构，以便当拧紧联接螺母3时改善使用者在连接器1上的握持。
如图1所示，连接器1可以通过将各组件组装起来并且施加有限的轴向压力以便部分地将各压配合表面组装在一起来进行预先构作留待使用。这向使用者提供了单一处理组件，并消除了错误放置和/或损坏各连接器1组件的可能性。
为了将连接器1装在同轴电缆上，使用者通过剥开外导体的后部和外表皮从而暴露内外导体来准备电缆端。然后将电缆插入到连接器1的电缆端29直至接口区域49，在此区域中旋转连接器1以将外导体螺纹47旋拧在外导体的螺旋波纹上。这种旋拧一直持续到外导体的前部边缘抵靠外导体槽33。
施加轴向压力从而完成互联。根据电缆尺寸及外导体材料的变形特性，轴向挤压可采用例如适当的液压机和/或通用的手工工具来进行。在轴向挤压过程中，套管9和连接器主体7之间以及另外连接器主体7与接口件5之间的压配合表面完全坐落于它们各自的停止点上。而且，相对运动压缩连接器主体7与联接螺母3之间的第二密封圈13以及套管9与电缆外皮之间的第三密封圈15，从而环境密封连接器1。
已经抵靠于外导体槽33的电缆外导体的前部边缘，通过轴向压缩被进一步驱动抵靠外导体槽33，并且由于将外导体锁定于连接器主体7的外导体和外导体螺纹47之间的螺纹配合，在连接器主体7朝向接口件5移动时，该前部边缘相对于外导体槽33在外导体槽33中变形。
外导体前部边缘进入外导体槽33中的变形形成了围绕外导体前部边缘整个直径的强的电连接。另外，如图6所示，变形干扰了接口区域49前面的螺旋波纹，从而连接器1在电缆上被固定就位，被防止松拧。
图7例如所示的替换实施例中，相同的元件和特征使用如上所述的附图标记，具有例如比F型连接器接口所要求的更大的直径的中心导体的电缆，可以通过对接口件5进行改进而予以容放。接口件5适于包括一个中心接触销59，中心接触销59通过绝缘体61同轴地保持在接口件5内。形成在中心接触销59的电缆端29上的弹簧指63径向向内偏置以便抓握电缆的中心导体。为增加内偏并从而增加与中心导体的联接强度，支撑中心接触销59的绝缘体61可以朝向中心接触销59的电缆端29伸过弹簧指63外径的一部分。
由于接口件5的尺寸增加，联接螺母3不是通过接口件5和连接器主体7之间的联接保持。而是，卡环62或类似元件可用来将联接螺母3可旋转地连接到接口件5的连接器端17。为简化对接口件5的机加工要求，在接口件5内可压装入一个单独的外张压环57，以便形成外导体槽33。
与第一实施例类似，如上详细所述，在轴向压缩过程中，压配合形成在连接器主体7与接口件5之间。而且，电缆外导体的前部边缘被挤入外导体槽33中并且在其中发生变形。不是延伸穿过形成在连接器1上的孔，而是电缆的内导体接合中心接触销59电缆端上的弹簧指。
如图8a-c所示的另一实施，相同的元件和特征使用如上所述的附图标记，其适用于更大直径的电缆，以及例如标准的7/16DIN连接器接口件。绝缘体61支撑着中心接触销59。绝缘体61可以预成型并压装入接口件5。另外，中心接触销59可以临时地支撑就位，而通过路经经由形成在接口件5上的注射模制进和出入口65的注射模制将绝缘体61形成就位。联接螺母3可以在轴向压缩前或期间通过使面向电缆端29的保持槽67的外部边缘变形保持在接口件5上。第三密封圈可直接旋拧在外导体上，在外导体与连接器主体7之间形成密封，消除对单独的套管元件的需要。
为了进行安装，按图8a所示对电缆进行类似的准备并且如上面所述和图8b所示进行预旋拧。施加轴向压力，也是完成外导体的变形和连接器主体7/接口件5压配合连接，如图8c所示。
在阅读本说明书后，本领域技术人员将会连接，在这里所描述的各种压配合表面可以在各种替换结构进行调整。另外，连接器接口件可以是特定结构或标准接口件，例如，F型、SMA、D IN、，N型或BNC。同样，还可包括其它的特征以便例如为特定轴向压缩装置提供座靠面。
本发明提供一种简化了的、成本低的环境密封的、有改善电特性的连接器。根据材料特性和所用特定电缆的尺寸，连接器可用小型手动工具快速可靠地进行装接。另外，本发明适用于广泛的连接器接口和螺旋波纹外导体同轴电缆。
零件目录
 
1 连接器
3 联接螺母
5 接口件
7 连接器主体
9 套管
11 第一密封圈
13 第二密封圈
15 第三密封圈
17 连接器端
19 螺纹
21 保持台肩
23 面
25 接口件台肩
27 连接器主体配合表面
29 电缆端
31 斜导向面
33 外导体槽
35 套管安装导向面
37 套管安装表面
 
39 凸脊
41 槽
43 接口件安装表面
45 接口件安装导向表面
47 外导体螺纹
49 接口区域
51 电缆导向表面
53 连接器主体安装表面
55 握持表面
57 外张压缩环
59 中心接触销
61 绝缘体
62 卡环
63 弹簧指
65 出入口
67 保持槽
在前面的描述中已经涉及的材料、比例、整数和组件在具有等同物的情况下，那么这些等同物如同单独列举一样结合在本说明书中。
虽然已经通过对具体实施例的描述说明了本发明，并且尽管已经对实施例的细节作出详细的描述，但是申请人的目的并不是将权利要求的范围以任何受限的方式限制在这些细节中。对本领域内的技术人员来说，其它优点和修改都是显面易见的。因此从广义方面来看，本发明并不限于具体的细节，代表的装置，方法，以及所示出的示例性范例。因此，细节上的差异并不表明其偏离申请人的总体发明构思。另外，应该注意到的是，某些改进和/或修改可以在不背离权利要求中所述的本发明范围或宗旨的前提下进行。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于具有螺旋波纹外导体的同轴电缆的电连接器，包括：
圆柱状连接器主体，具有适于以螺旋方式容放外导体的内接口安装表面；以及
接口件，适于通过施加轴向压力以压配合与连接器主体的连接器端连接；
连接器主体和接口件的轴向相互挤压使外导体前沿变形，从而将外导体配合到连接器上。
2.如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，接口件具有中心接触销，其通过绝缘体同轴设置于接口件中。
3.如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，接口件具有至少一个将接口件外部直径与内部直径相互连接的出入口。
4.如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括适于可旋转地安装在接口件外侧的联接螺母。
5.如权利要求4所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括在接口件上形成的面向连接器主体电缆端的保持槽，其带有在径向上可变形的外部边缘以形成将联接螺母保持在接口件上的凸起。
6.如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括一密封圈，适于旋套在外导体螺旋波纹上并在将电缆拧入连接器主体时相对于连接器主体密封。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器，包括：
该接口件具有朝向连接器主体伸出的斜导向面以在斜导向面和接口件的连接器主体连接表面之间形成面向连接器主体电缆端的外导体槽。
8.如权利要求7所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括通过绝缘体同轴设置在接口件的中心接触销。
9.如权利要求8所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括多个位于中心接触销的电缆端上的弹簧指；
各弹簧指径向向内偏置，以在轴向挤压连接器时抓紧电缆的中心导体。
10.如权利要求9所述的电连接器，其特征在于，绝缘体伸过弹簧指外部半径的至少一部分。
11.根据权利要求1所述的电连接器，
该接口件具有朝向连接器主体伸出的斜导向面以形成外导体槽。
12.如权利要求11所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括带有向内突出的保持台肩的联接螺母，向内突出的保持台肩适于连接器上将联接螺母可旋转地挡持在连接器主体与接口件之间。
13.如权利要求12所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括位于连接器主体外径上的槽中的密封圈，从而该密封圈在联接螺母与连接器主体之间实现密封。
14.如权利要求11所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括套管，适于通过施加轴向压力以压配合使得该套管与连接器主体的电缆端连接。
15.如权利要求14所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括位于套管与连接器主体之间的内部槽中的密封圈，套管和连接器主体的轴向压力压缩该内部槽中的密封圈，以在连接器主体的电缆端与同轴电缆之间形成密封。
16.如权利要求11所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述连接器适于与F型母接头配接。
17.如权利要求11所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述内接口安装表面有一对螺纹，每条螺纹彼此间定向间隔180度。
18.如权利要求14所述的电连接器，其特征在于，还包括环绕连接器主体形成的凸脊，在轴向压紧套管与连接器主体时套管抵靠其上。
19.如权利要求11所述的电连接器，其特征在于，接口件与连接器主体之间的压配合形成在接口件安装表面和连接器主体配合表面之间；接口件安装表面位于连接器主体的连接器端的外径上，连接器主体配合表面位于接口件的电缆端的内径上。
20.如权利要求19所述的电连接器，其特征在于，直径比接口件安装表面小的接口件安装导向表面与接口件安装表面相邻设置，靠近连接器主体的连接器端。
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US20050026496A1 (en) 2005-02-03
US20060014427A1 (en) 2006-01-19
US6939169B2 (en) 2005-09-06
CN1577984A (zh) 2005-02-09
BRPI0402750A (pt) 2005-04-05
US7077699B2 (en) 2006-07-18

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