CN100500586C - Apparatus for electrolysis method water treatment - Google Patents
Apparatus for electrolysis method water treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN100500586C CN100500586C CNB2003101200327A CN200310120032A CN100500586C CN 100500586 C CN100500586 C CN 100500586C CN B2003101200327 A CNB2003101200327 A CN B2003101200327A CN 200310120032 A CN200310120032 A CN 200310120032A CN 100500586 C CN100500586 C CN 100500586C
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
An apparatus for treating water by electrolysis method is composed of DC power supply controller, water supply-discharge unit, two electrolyzing cathode bathes, electrically isolating plate unit, water scale depositing unit, and two electrolyzing anode bathes. The electrolytic reaction of water can make the calcium carbonate and the hydroxide of heavy metals to be deposited in anode bathes and the Cl2, O2, the radicals of hypochlorous acid and chloric acid, and ozone to be generated in cathode bathes.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and device of electrolytic process water treatment, especially handle industrial circulating water, the former water of sea water desaltination, the Yuan Shui aspect that other need handle hardness belongs to water treatment field.
Background technology
Containing a large amount of salts and other pollutant component in the water, is to directly apply to some specific areas as it not being handled, and this mainly is because water is met the thermolysis fouling.
Dirt in the water can be divided into incrustation scale and dirt, and wherein common incrustation scale has lime carbonate, calcium sulfate, Calucium Silicate powder, magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium Silicate q-agent, trimagnesium phosphate etc., and dirt then mainly is made up of dust, silt particle, corrosion product, natural organic matter, microorganism agglomerate etc.The reason that dirt forms
1, the decomposition of hydrocarbonate
Dissolved hydrocarbonate such as Ca (HCO in the water
3)
2, Mg (HCO
3)
2Very unstable, decomposes very easily on heating surface:
Ca(HCO
3)
2→CaCO
3↓+H
2O+CO
2↑
When water coolant passes through cooling tower, owing to gas, water directly contact the CO that is dissolved in the water
2Gas can be overflowed, thereby the PH of water coolant is raise, and under alkaline condition, hydrocarbonate also can decompose:
HCO
3 -→CO
2↑+OH
-
Ca(HCO
3)
2+2OH
-→CaCO
3↓+2H
2O+CO
3 2-
In water, contain CaCl
2The time also following reaction can take place:
CaCl
2+CO
3 2-→CaCO
3↓+2Cl
-
Mg (HCO
3)
2Very unstable, decomposes very easily on heating surface:
Mg(HCO
3)
2→Mg(OH)
2↓+2CO
2↑
MgCO
3+H
2O→Mg(OH)
2↓+CO
2↑
2, slightly soluble salt is separated out because of concentrating
Any salt all has certain solubleness in water, resemble calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, Magnesium Silicate q-agent etc., and the solubleness in water is less.When water coolant when the cooling tower, part moisture content cooled air is taken away, so the process of water coolant by cooling tower is a continuous spissated process.The concentration of slightly soluble salt is increasing in the water coolant, and after concentration surpassed its solubleness, slightly soluble salt was separated out with regard to crystallization, forms incrustation scale.
3, the breeding of microorganism
The secretory product of fungi and some bacteriums is viscosity, and this mucus plays a role in filtering in recirculated water, and the organism in the water, foreign material chip, silt particle, gluey oxyhydroxide, corrosion product, bacterium algae corpse etc. are bonded together by mucus, form loose soft dirt.
4, the dirt that brings of water conditioner
Water conditioner to add dose control improper, can cause thickening of dirt.For example the silicate content in the natural water is not high, but as when adopting silicate to make inhibiter, if add dose or concentrated ratio control is improper, can cause the deposition of silicate scale.
Poly-phosphate easily resolves into orthophosphoric acid salt in warm water, when making corrosion inhibiting and descaling agent with poly-phosphate, if do not add dispersion agent, easily generate the phosphoric acid salt crust:
3Ca
2++2PO
4 3-＝Ca
3(PO
4)
2↓
Some dispersion agent, as polyacrylate, consumption seldom if adding is excessive, easily generates the organism dirt.
Microorganisms such as the algae in the water coolant, bacterium, thread fungus and silt particle, inorganics, corrosion product, dust etc. are bonded to soft agglomerate by the mucus of microorganism secretion, and these ooze settlings claim microorganism viscosity mud.In order to prevent the generation of microorganism viscosity mud, biocide commonly used is killed.Biocide commonly used mainly contains:
1, chlorine series
Chlorine series biocide mainly contains chlorine, clorox, chlorinated lime
2, ozone
Ozone also is a kind of strong oxidizing property biocide, and the mechanism of killing livestock is the protein bound of ozone and microorganism, destroy cellular respiration the activity of indispensable reductase enzyme.
At present, known anti-sealing fouling method mainly contains the thermal degradation precipitator method, acidification, the processing of stove cigarette, precipitator method processing, ion exchange method, KINETIC METHOD and prevents several different methods such as formation (Scale inhibitors processing), lime, soda, the tertiary sodium phosphate of calcium carbonate scale be softening.
The lime treatment process illustrates with following equation:
Ca(OH)
2→Ca
2++2OH
-；
Ca
2++CO
3 2-→CaCO
3↓
Mg
2++2OH
-→Mg(OH)
2↓
According to above-mentioned reaction as can be known, general natural water water quality all is suitable for lime treatment.
Add Na
2CO
3Can further remove the non-carbonate hardness in anhydrating, its reaction formula is:
CaSO
4+Na
2CO
3＝CaCO
3↓+Na
2SO
4
CaCl+Na
2CO
3＝CaCO
3↓+2NaCl
MgSO
4+Na
2CO
3＝MgCO
3+Na
2SO
4
MgCl+Na
2CO
3＝MgCO
3+2NaCl
Hydrolysis soon under the higher PH of magnesiumcarbonate forms Mg (OH) precipitation:
MgCO
3+H
2O＝Mg(OH)
2↓+CO
2↑
Sodium hydroxide also can be removed carbonate hardness and the magnesium salts in the water in addition, and its reaction formula is:
Ca(HCO
3)
2+2NaOH＝CaCO
3↓+NaCO
3+2H
2O
Mg(HCO
3)
2+4NaOH＝Mg(OH)
2↓+2Na
2CO
3+2H
2O
MgSO
4+2NaOH＝Mg(OH)
2↓+Na
2CO
3
MgCl
2+2NaOH＝Mg(OH)
2↓+NaCl
MgCO
3+2NaOH＝Mg(OH)
2↓+Na
2CO
3
This shows former water under alkaline condition, calcium wherein, magnesium and other metal ion can be separated out with the form of carbonate, precipitate metal hydroxides.
Yet the water treatment system complexity of above variety of way, operation control difficulty is big, the expense height, and the actual saltiness in the water is increased, be unfavorable for the efficient utilization of water.
Summary of the invention
Deficiency for the water treatment method that overcomes existing variety of way the invention provides a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device, and this electrolytic process water treatment device can not only be eliminated the hardness in the water, and can also kill aquatic organism, to water sterilization, prevents algae grows.Can also produce gases such as hydrogen, oxygen.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
In a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device, comprise compositions such as direct supply control device, water supply and sewage device, electrolysis cathode slot device, electrolytic cathode assembly, conductive separator plate device, precipitation of scales device, electrolytic anode slot device, electrolytic anode device.
The electrolysis cathode slot device is provided with intake-outlet and venting port, the electrolytic cathode assembly that is immersed in the water is installed in the electrolysis cathode slot device, direct supply control device negative pole is connected with electrolytic cathode assembly, electrolysis cathode slot device top is provided with pneumatic trough and venting port, be equipped with in the electrolysis cathode slot device by with the electrolytic cathode assembly relative movement, make the negative electrode apparatus for eliminating sludge of electrolytic cathode assembly elastic electrode deformation, electrolysis cathode slot device water outlet is connected with the precipitation of scales device, settler is the conventional settler that is connected with electrolysis cathode groove water outlet, but bearing operation.
The conductive separator plate device separates electrolysis cathode slot device and electrolytic anode slot device by the support fixation tightness system.Conductive separator plate is a cation selective membrane, or the perviousness barrier film, or anticorrosion plate of conductive material, and conductive separator plate is installed between cathode can and the anode slot by the support fixation tightness system, and the electrolytic anode groove is separated, separates with the electrolysis cathode groove.
The electrolysis cathode slot device is for having a constant volume, there is impregnating material to make, have into water, outlet conduit, gas exhaust duct, outlet conduit is connected with settling bath, the electrolysis negative electricity that elastic conducting material is made very is connected with direct supply control device negative pole, place the device of electrolysis cathode slot device water, the cathode can apparatus for eliminating sludge contacts with the electrolysis negative electrode, place in the electrolysis cathode slot device, by with the relative movement snaking of elastic conduction negative electrode, conductive separator plate is installed on the face of electrolysis cathode groove by the support fixation tightness system.On the conductive diaphragm support fixation tightness system, can be provided with conduction, anticorrosion scale removal electrode, make the conductive diaphragm place of electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove produce sour environment by energising, make calcium carbonate scale and oxyhydroxide dissolving on the conductive diaphragm, the power supply of conductive diaphragm cathode side, conductive diaphragm anode side scale removal electrode is controlled by power switch.
Electrolysis cathode is made for having certain intensity and elastic metallic substance, the electrolysis cathode metallic substance is thin metal perforated plate, net or silk, be installed on static or the operation electrodes conduct base material parent on constitute electrolysis cathode, the electrolysis cathode metallic substance is iron, iron alloy or other metal, electrolysis cathode has enough surface-area, enough flow processs, with enough circulation areas, be static or running gear, transmission chain cable or kinematic link by hydrodynamic(al) device or electric device drive make its recoverable deformation peel off the fragility incrustation scale.Electrolysis cathode groove apparatus for eliminating sludge is static or running gear, the transmission chain cable or kinematic link and the elastic conduction negative electrode relative movement snaking that drive towards simple pendulum device or electric device by hydrodynamic(al) water turbine or water.
The electrolytic anode slot device is provided with entery and delivery port and venting port.The electrolytic anode device that is immersed in the water is installed in the electrolytic anode slot device, the direct supply control device is anodal to be connected with the electrolytic anode device, electrolytic anode slot device top is provided with pneumatic trough and venting port, the electrolytic anode groove is provided with entery and delivery port, and the conductive separator plate device separates electrolytic anode slot device and electrolysis cathode slot device by the support fixation tightness system.Electrolytic anode groove electrode is conduction protection against corrosion electrode, and its material can be titanium electrode or Graphite Electrodes and other the erosion-resisting electrode that is coated with oxide compound.
Processed water is at first introduced the electrolysis cathode groove, enter the precipitation of scales device through the outlet of electrolysis cathode groove, entering the electrolytic anode groove through the precipitation of scales device again discharges, or water is earlier through the electrolytic anode groove, enter the electrolysis cathode groove again, enter settler again, on electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove, be provided with the discharge equipment that makes things convenient for electrolysate, the electrolytic process water treatment device is bearing operation or non-bearing operation, and the water that needs to handle can heat before entering the electrolytic process water treatment device in advance.
A kind of its principle of electrolytic process apparatus for eliminating sludge is to utilize brine electrolysis to be reflected at negative electrode to produce hydrogen, makes negative electrode be rich in hydroxide radical, carbonate, carbonate salt, metal hydroxides in the water is precipitated in the crystalline mode separate out; Realize conduction by the conductive separator plate device between electrolysis cathode slot device and the electrolytic anode slot device,, peel off the incrustation scale that produces on the negative electrode device by making the deformation of electrolysis cathode elastic electrode; Negatively charged ion such as the hydroxide ion in anode slot water, chlorion lose electronics, produce the chlorine atom, Sauerstoffatom, and produce chlorine, oxygen, hypochlorite, chlorate anions, make bicarbonate radical, carbonate in the water be converted into carbonic acid gas and separate out, discharge mixed gass such as chlorine, oxygen, carbonic acid gas by the anode slot venting port.
Its principle of work of electrolytic process apparatus for eliminating sludge meets energy Si Tedinglv, electrolysis law, and the formation of its operating voltage is made of dividing potential drops such as theoretical voltage, superpotential, the first conductor voltage, electrolytic conductor voltage, conductive separator plate voltage, touch voltages; The principle of its scale removal is that most of metal hydroxides, carbonate solubleness in water is minimum, precipitable separating out; In the anode slot device, be dissolved with materials such as chlorine, oxygen, ozone, hypochlorite, chlorate anions in the water, electrolyzer is at least one pair of.
Many electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove are powered by the electrode serial or parallel connection in the electrolyzer, the water of electrolytic anode groove and electrolysis cathode groove enters electrolysis cathode groove, settler, enters electrolytic anode groove or at first enter the electrolytic anode groove by water-in and enter the electrolysis cathode groove more again by water-in, enter settler and discharge, settler is provided with blowdown apparatus.
Its ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer one pole groove of a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device is with the difference of compound groove:
Ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer has acyclic type and two kinds of patterns of multipole type.The sort of grooved that don't work, every electrolyzer all is made up of several electrolysis cells.Each electrolysis cells all has anode, negative electrode and ion-exchange membrane.Anode is made by the titanium material.And scribble the various active coating, reaching the reduction anode potential, and improve the coating purpose in work-ing life.The useful elasticity steel of negative electrode are made, and also useful nickel material or stainless steel are made.What have on the negative electrode scribbles active layer, also has not to be coated with active layer, and purpose improves current efficiency in order to reduce cathode overpotential.The key distinction of one pole groove and multipole groove is different in the circuit connection method of electrolyzer.Each unit groove of one pole groove inside is in parallel, and the circuit between each electrolyzer is placed in-line.Therefore, the electric current sum by each unit groove in the one pole groove is the total current by an one pole groove, and the voltage of each unit groove then is that the voltage with the one pole groove equates.
That is: I=I
1+ I
2+ ... In
V＝V
1＝V
2＝…＝Vn
So the characteristics of every one pole groove running are low voltage, big electric current.
The multipole groove is then opposite, is series connection between each unit groove in groove, and is in parallel between the electrolyzer.Therefore, for the multipole groove, the electric current by each unit groove equates that its total voltage then is the voltage sum of each unit groove.
That is: I=I
1=I
2=...=In
V＝V
1+V
2+…+Vn
So the characteristics of every multipole groove running are low current, high-voltage.
A kind of working mechanism of electrolytic process water treatment device:
When electrolyte dissolution is in water, just be dissociated into charged particulate---ion, this process is called ionization.Ca (HCO for example
3)
2When being dissolved in the water, just dissociate into Ca
2+Ion and HCO
3 -Ion
Ca(HCO
3)
2→Ca
2++HCO
3 -
HCO
3 -→H
++CO
3 2-
A spot of water molecules disassociation is arranged in water too:
H
2O→H
++OH
-
Therefore, in the aqueous solution, except electrolytical ion, also contain the hydrogen ion (H of some quantity
+) with hydrogen-oxygen from (OH
-) son.
Ion is moving in solution, and when direct current passed through aqueous electrolyte liquid, ion just repelled each other according to the same sex, and the principle that there is a natural attraction between the sexes is moved, and positively charged positively charged ion is to cathodic migration, and electronegative negatively charged ion anode is moved.Positively charged ion discharges on negative electrode when arriving negative electrode, the result lost with positive charge and become uncharged atom.In like manner, negatively charged ion just discharges on anode when arriving anode, the result lost with negative charge also become uncharged atom.
When the former water of electrolysis, OH
-Ion discharges on anode and has become Sauerstoffatom, has become oxygen molecule subsequently and overflows.
That is:
Produce oxygen at anode, chlorine.Negative electrode produces hydrogen.Reaction formula is as follows:
Water decomposition:
At anode: 4OH
--4e → O
2↑+2H
2O
2Cl
-—2e→Cl
2↑
At the OH of anode owing to water electrolysis
-Disappear, it is acid that Gu Shui is.
At negative electrode: 2H
++ 2e → H
2↑
At negative electrode, because the H that water electrolysis makes
+Disappear, Gu Shui is alkalescence.
HCO is arranged in water
3 -, Ca
++, Mg
++During ion, can form precipitation on electrode, reason is that the negative electrode water electrolysis becomes OH
-With the HCO in the water
3 -And Ca
++, Mg
++Work, form CaCO
3And Mg (OH)
2Precipitation.
Two reactions on cathode and anode are carried out simultaneously, and sodium ion that does not discharge in the solution and hydroxide ion then are combined into sodium hydroxide near negative electrode, that is:
Na
++OH
-→NaOH
Therefore, the essence of electrolytic process be electrolyte solution under the direct current effect, the ion in the solution separates discharge and the redox reaction of carrying out on electrode.Positively charged ion obtains electronics and is reduced on negative electrode, negatively charged ion ejected electron and oxidized on anode.
Its electrolytic process is followed nernst equation:
The size of electropotential at first depends on the character of electrode substance itself, and is simultaneously relevant with effects of ion concentration and temperature, and to arbitrary electrode reaction a oxidation state+ne ortho states also, the equilibrium electrode potential of this electrode is
V---equilibrium electrode potential, V;
v
0---standard potential, V;
R---gas law constant (R=8.314J/molK);
T---absolute temperature, K;
F---Faraday's number (96500C/mol);
N---gain and loss electronic number in the electrode reaction;
a
Oxidation state, a
Ortho states also---represent corresponding oxidation state material and the concentration of going back the ortho states material in the electrode reaction respectively.
In strong electrolyte solution, consider of the influence of interionic electrostatic interaction, must actual concentrations be proofreaied and correct, represent with the notion of " effective concentration " or activity to concentration.If material is a gas, then represent, if solid or water because its concentration is a constant, are used as 1 traditionally with its dividing potential drop p.
When groove temperature 25 (being T=298K), above Nernst equation being reduced to following form calculating:
When electrolyte solution fed electric current, the amount of substance that produces decomposed in the electrolysis, separates out electrolysate near electrode.In electrolytic process, generate amount of substance and, can faraday inductive law represent by the relation between the electrolytical electric weight.
Faraday's law
(1) at electrolytic process, the amount of substance that produces on the electrode is directly proportional with electric weight by electrolyte solution, promptly is directly proportional with strength of current and conduction time.
When (2) identical electric weight being passed through different electrolyte solutions, generation amount of substance and this material are the molar mass M of elementary cell with the atom on electrode
BBe directly proportional, be inversely proportional to the neutron number n that participates in reaction.
Definite through testing, on electrode, separate out M
BThe required electric weight of any material of/n all is 96500 coulombs (C/mol), and this electric weight is called Faraday's number, is a kind of constant commonly used in the electrochemistry, represents with F.
The mathematic(al) representation of Faraday's law is
M in the formula---separate out the quality of material on the electrode, g;
M
B---material is the molar mass of elementary cell with the atom, g;
Q---electric weight, C;
F---Faraday's number, 96500C/mol;
I---strength of current, A;
T---by the time of electric current, S;
N---the electronic number of atom gain and loss during electrode reaction;
K---electrolyzer number.
As can be seen from the above equation, the electric weight that passes through is many more, and the product that electrolysis generates is just many more, therefore, increase the electrolysate amount, will improve strength of current or the time is passed through in prolongation.
A kind of bath voltage of electrolytic process water treatment device:
Bath voltage is an important techniques index, with energy consumption extremely confidential relation is arranged.Bath voltage is by theoretical decomposition voltage; Superpotential; The metallic conductor volts lost; The electrolyte solution volts lost; Barrier film voltage removes (ionic membrane volts lost); Contact drop is formed.
(1) theoretical decomposition voltage
Will make ionic discharge during electrolysis, must make electrode have certain voltage, necessary minimum voltage was called theoretical decomposition voltage when ionogen began to decompose.If electrolytical concentration, temperature is certain, and the required theoretical decomposition voltage of ionic discharge is also certain so, and theoretical decomposition voltage is numerically equal to the poor of anode potential and cathode potential, promptly
Theoretical decomposition voltage=anode potential-cathode potential
＝V
+—V
-
Can calculate by the electropotential that nernst equation is tried to achieve.
(2) superpotential
The actual discharge current potential calls superpotential to this difference than theoretical discharge potential height during electrolysis.
The common salt aqueous solution electrolytic process belongs to electrochemical polarization on electrochemistry, its superpotential can be represented with Tafel equation.
V
Cross=a+blogJ
This formula shows the logarithmic value of superpotential and the current density relation of being in line.But as current density, J one timing, superpotential V
CrossDepend primarily on a and b value, and a and b are main and the electrode material, factors such as concentration of electrolyte solutions and electrolysis temperature are relevant.
(3) volts lost of first class conductor
During electrolysis, electric current will enter electrolyzer by copper or aluminium conductor, also will be in electrolyzer by anode and negative electrode, because these first class conductors all have resistance, so caused volts lost, Ohm's law, i.e. V=IR=D ρ τ are obeyed in its volts lost.
(4) volts lost in the ionogen
(1) in the electrolytic process, because electrolyte solution has resistance, when electric current passes through electrolyte solution, must overcome its resistance, thereby cause the loss of voltage, the calculating of its volts lost also meets Ohm's law:
J-current density in the formula, A/mm
2
The mean distance of τ-negative electrode and this world, mm;
γ-electrolytic conductivity, S/mm.
So as can be known by following formula, volts lost in the electrolyte solution is directly proportional with mean distance τ between current density, J and the two poles of the earth, and be inversely proportional to electrolytical conductivity gamma, in order to reduce the voltage loss in the electrolyte solution, shorten the distance between negative electrode and the anode as far as possible, and electrolyte solution maintained carry out electrolysis under higher temperature and the concentration, to increase the specific conductivity of solution.
(2) bubble effect: in the electrolytic saltwater process,, separate out from electrode because the chlorine and the hydrogen that produce are the bubble state.These bubbles exist and can reduce ion motion useful area in the solution, and the specific conductivity of solution between electrode is descended, Here it is bubble effect.
Because the existence of bubble effect, so the actual voltage-drop of electrolyte solution wants beguine to want big according to what Ohm's law calculated in the electric groove.
The specific conductivity that is filled with the anolyte of bubble can be tried to achieve with following formula:
γ＝γ
0(1—1.665P)
P-degree of inflation in the formula (ratio of gas volume and liquid volume in the anolyte), %;
γ
0-there are not the anode people's of bubble specific conductivity, a S/mm.
Improve the structure of electric groove, adopt mesh electrode, the bubble of being convenient to the electrolysis generation is overflowed from solution as early as possible, is to reduce degree of inflation, improves electrical conductivity of solution, reduces an effective way of solution ohmic voltage drop.
(5) barrier film volts lost (ionic membrane volts lost)
1, barrier film volts lost
Electric current also can cause volts lost by the barrier film in the electrolyzer.The barrier film volts lost can be calculated as follows:
V in the formula-barrier film volts lost, V;
J-current density, A/cm
2
D-membrane thicknesses, cm
2
U-barrier film porosity, %;
ρ-resistivity, Ω cm;
I-strength of current, A.
2, ionic membrane volts lost
Because ion-exchange membrane itself has certain resistance, when electric current the time, will on film, produce a volts lost, the volts lost of Here it is ionic membrane by ionic membrane.
(6) contact drop
In electrolyzer connection, anode assembling and cathode fabrication process, the conductor contact has resistance with the place that is connected, and when electric current passes through, just produces volts lost in connection and contact position.The cleaning of the assembling quality of contact drop and contact, the contact area of contact, contact surface and contact that degree is relevant closely.Differing materials, the current density difference that its contact surface allows, if surpass the scope that allows, the contact surface heating, contact drop just raises.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Water after handling through this device, the calcium in the water, magnesium plasma is promptly: hard temporarily and reach heavy metal ion salt firmly forever, all rejected with precipitation mode.The active oxygen that former water produces through electrolytic anode, the processing of reactive chlorine, pathogenic bacterium and aquatic organism in the water all are killed, and the salt form that contains in the water based on sodium salt, sylvite is existed, and water is near neutral, be the easiest, most economical, the mode that can handle any former water.Along with varying in size of water treatment scale, gases such as recyclable hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, carbonic acid gas.The hydrogen that the electrolytic reaction of available fuel battery consumption produces, the current consumption of additional electrolyzer.Or gases such as recover hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, carbonic acid gas are not adding under the prerequisite of any medicine this water treatment method as production marketing, realize water softening, kill livestock, disinfect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the dynamic water attack single pendulum of screen cloth drives for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the system architecture synoptic diagram of plated film titanium plate;
Fig. 2 is the dynamic turbine drives of steel bar for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the system architecture synoptic diagram of cation selective membrane;
Fig. 3 is a screen cloth Static Water wheel drive for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive separator plate is the membranous system architecture synoptic diagram of perviousness;
Fig. 4 is the dynamic turbine drives of steel bar for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of cation selective membrane;
Fig. 5 is the dynamic motorized motions of orifice plate for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the membranous structural profile synoptic diagram of perviousness;
Fig. 6 is the dynamic motorized motions of screen cloth for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of graphite cake;
Fig. 7 is the static motorized motions of screen cloth for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of graphite cake;
Fig. 8 is its electrolysis cathode and anode groove divergence type of a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device, and negative electrode is the dynamic motorized motions of orifice plate, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram that graphite cake connects by lead.
Among the figure: 1 conduction cation selective membrane, 2 anticorrosion fastening supports, 3 conductive cathodes, 4 conduction connection electrode, 5 electrolysis cathode support metal bodies, 6 electrolytic anode grooves, 7 conductive separator plate support securing gear, 8 electrolytic anode groove water-ins, 9 settling vessel shells, 10 blowdown control valves, 11 settling tanks, 12 incrustation scale delivery pipes, 13 precipitation inclined tube plates, 14 cathode can water port, 15 water of condensation control valves, 16 water of condensation ponding wells, 17 well heater cold water inlets, 18 well heaters, 19 heating steam pipes, 20 transformers, 21 solar cells, 22 store batteries, 23 DC power supply switch, 24 rectifiers, 25 store batteries, 26 inlet pipe, 27 fuel cells, 28 hydrogen gas holder, 29 venting ports, 30 hydrogen purification devices, 31 hydrogen pressure control valves, 32 dc power anodes connect lead, 33 cathode can venting ports, 34 negative electrode pneumatic troughs, 35 conductions connect lead, 36 anode pneumatic troughs, 37 anode exhaust pipes, 38 water inlet pipes, 39 electrolysis cathode grooves, the anticorrosion shell of 40 electrolyzers, 41 DC power supply switch, 42 anode water shoots, 43 scale removal electrodes, 44 Power Drive Units, 45 electrolytic anode plates, 46 electrolysis cathode conductive supporting wheel, 47 apparatus for eliminating sludge, 48 negative electrode drive shafts, 49 negative electrode main drive wheels
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is that the dynamic water attack single pendulum of screen cloth drives for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the system architecture synoptic diagram of plated film titanium plate:
Among Fig. 1: the former water heater via cold water inlet 17 that needs to handle enters into well heater 18, water vapour enters into 18 pairs of well heaters through heating steam pipe 19 needs the former water of processing to heat, the water of condensation compiles through water of condensation ponding well 16, discharge through 15 controls of water of condensation control valve, former water after the heating acts on the Power Drive Unit 44 through water inlet pipe 38, drive electrolysis cathode support metal body 5, conduction connection electrode 4, the electrolysis negative electrode deformation scale removal that conductive cathode 3 is formed, electrolytic reaction takes place in former water on negative electrode, hydrogen ion in the water is converted into hydrogen and emits, compile through negative electrode pneumatic trough 34, emit by cathode can venting port 33, by hydrogen pressure control valve 31 control pressures, enter into hydrogen purification device 30, hydrogen gas holder 28, by the 33 control dischargings of cathode can venting port, by hydrogen fuel cell 27, inlet pipe 26 effects produce electric energy, confess through store battery 25, transformer 20, rectifier 24, the DC power system that DC power supply switch 23 is formed connects lead 35 to conduction, 32 power supplies, through power control switch 41 controls, electrolysis electrode is powered.Solar cell 21, store battery 22 also can connect lead 35 to conduction, 32 power supplies, conduction cation selective membrane 1 has conducting function, realize flowing of electricity by conduction cation selective membrane 1, on conduction cation selective membrane 1, can produce incrustation scale, the power supply of power control switch 41 controls is applied to electricity above the scale removal electrode 43 that is supported by conductive separator plate support securing gear 71 scale removal of conduction cation selective membrane, make and be rich in hydroxide radical in the water, bicarbonate radical is converted into carbonate, hydroxide radical in calcium ions and magnesium ions in the water and heavy metal ion and the water, carbonate is in conjunction with generating precipitation of calcium carbonate, the carbonate of magnesium hydrate precipitate and other heavy metal ion and oxyhydroxide, be deposited in and form big deposit seeds on the incrustation scale that negative electrode and negative electrode come off, enter into by precipitation inclined tube plate 13 by negative electrode water port 14 with water, incrustation scale delivery pipe 12, settling vessel shell 9, precipitation is separated out in the settling vessel that settling tank 11 is formed, incrustation scale is through 10 dischargings of blowdown control valve, water through precipitation process enters into electrolytic anode groove 6 by electrolytic anode groove water-in 8, electrolytic reaction takes place through electrolytic anode plate 45, hydroxide radical in the water, chlorions etc. are converted into oxygen, chlorine, carbonate in the water is converted into carbonic acid, with carbon dioxide mode and chlorine, oxygen is separated out, also have chlorine and oxygen to react simultaneously in the water, be converted into hypochlorous acid, chloric acid combines with sodium ion and other metal ion in the water, generation has the material of killing aquatic organism, water realization algae removal is killed livestock and sterilizing process, the water of handling is discharged through anode water shoot 42, and the gas in the anode water outlet compiles through 37 dischargings of anode water shoot by anode slot remittance steam collection trough 36.
Fig. 2 is the dynamic turbine drives of steel bar for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the system architecture synoptic diagram of cation selective membrane:
Among Fig. 2: the former water heater via cold water inlet 17 that needs to handle enters into well heater 18, water vapour enters into 18 pairs of well heaters through heating steam pipe 19 needs the former water of processing to heat, the water of condensation compiles through water of condensation ponding well 16, discharge through 15 controls of water of condensation control valve, former water after the heating acts on the Power Drive Unit 44 through water inlet pipe 38, drive electrolysis cathode support metal body 5, electrolysis cathode conductive supporting wheel 46, negative electrode drive shaft 48, conduction connection electrode 4, the electrolysis negative electrode that conductive cathode 3 is formed, with apparatus for eliminating sludge 47 collision relative movement, make the metal electrode distortion of electrolysis negative electrode, realize scale removal.Electrolytic reaction takes place in former water on negative electrode, hydrogen ion in the water is converted into hydrogen and emits, compile by cathode can venting port 33 through negative electrode pneumatic trough 34 and to emit, by hydrogen pressure control valve 31 control pressures, enter into hydrogen purification device 30, hydrogen gas holder 28, by the 33 control dischargings of cathode can venting port, by hydrogen fuel cell 27, inlet pipe 26 effects produce electric energy, confess through store battery 25, transformer 20, rectifier 24, the DC power system that DC power supply switch 23 is formed connects lead 35 to conduction, 32 power supplies, through power control switch 41 controls, electrolysis electrode is powered.Solar cell 21, store battery 22 also can connect lead 35 to conduction, 32 power supplies, conduction cation selective membrane 1 has conducting function, realize flowing of electricity by conduction cation selective membrane 1, on conduction cation selective membrane 1, can produce incrustation scale, the power supply of power control switch 41 controls is applied to electricity above the scale removal electrode 43 that is supported by conductive separator plate support securing gear 71 scale removal of conduction cation selective membrane, make and be rich in hydroxide radical in the water, bicarbonate radical is converted into carbonate, calcium in the water, hydroxide radical in magnesium ion and heavy metal ion and the water, carbonate is in conjunction with generating precipitation of calcium carbonate, the carbonate of magnesium hydrate precipitate and other heavy metal ion and oxyhydroxide, be deposited in and form big deposit seeds on the incrustation scale that negative electrode and negative electrode come off, enter into by precipitation inclined tube plate 13 by negative electrode water port 14 with water, incrustation scale delivery pipe 12, settling vessel shell 9, precipitation is separated out in the settling vessel that settling tank 11 is formed, incrustation scale is through 10 dischargings of blowdown control valve, water through precipitation process enters into electrolytic anode groove 6 by electrolytic anode groove water-in 8, electrolytic reaction takes place through electrolytic anode plate 45, hydroxide radical in the water, chlorions etc. are converted into oxygen, chlorine, carbonate in the water is converted into carbonic acid, with carbon dioxide mode and chlorine, oxygen is separated out, also have chlorine and oxygen to react simultaneously in the water, be converted into hypochlorous acid, chloric acid combines with sodium ion and other metal ion in the water, generation has the material of killing aquatic organism, water realization algae removal is killed livestock and sterilizing process, the water of handling is discharged through anode water shoot 42, and the gas in the anode water outlet compiles through 37 dischargings of anode water shoot by anode slot remittance steam collection trough 36.
Fig. 3 is a screen cloth Static Water wheel drive for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, conductive separator plate is the membranous system architecture synoptic diagram of perviousness, and its operational process is equal to Fig. 2, and its negative electrode scale removal drives and is the water wheels drive unit, drive apparatus for eliminating sludge and electrode relative movement, realize scale removal.
Fig. 4 is the dynamic turbine drives of steel bar for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of cation selective membrane:
Among Fig. 4: the former water that needs to handle enters in the electrolysis cathode groove 39 through water inlet pipe 38, by the direct current in DC power supply switch 41, conduction connection lead 35, the electrolysis cathode support metal body 5 introducing water, hydrogen ion reduction in 3 pairs of water of conductive cathode, make it become hydrogen, compile through negative electrode pneumatic trough 34, discharge from cathode can venting port 33.Bicarbonate radical in the water and carbonic acid then lose hydrogen ion, form carbanion, water power is from losing hydrogen ion, enrichment hydroxide ion then, under alkaline environment, magnesium ion in the water, calcium ion and other metal ion are with carbonate, the form of precipitate metal hydroxides is tied on conductive cathode 3, the resistance of conductive cathode 3 is increased, the negative electrode drive shaft 48 that Power Drive Unit 44 drives, drive negative electrode main drive wheel 49 and make conductive cathode 3 motions and apparatus for eliminating sludge 47 juxtaposition metamorphoses, make the fragility incrustation scale on the conductive cathode 3 break away from conductive cathode 3, become scattered about in the water of electrolysis cathode groove 39 formation as the further accelerate precipitation of nucleus.Conductive separator plate supports securing gear 7, scale removal electrode 43, the conduction cation selective membrane 1 that sealing is supported in anticorrosion fastening support 2 has the cation selective function, only allow the positive ion in the water to pass, negatively charged ion then can not pass, make metal ion in the electrolytic anode groove 6 and hydrogen ion pass conduction cation selective membrane 1 and enter into electrolysis cathode groove 39, make the metal ion in the water reject with precipitation mode, discharging by cathode can water port 14 with current, through precipitation inclined tube plate 13 settlement separate entering in the settling tank 11, discharge by 10 controls of blowdown control valve, enter into electrolytic anode groove 6 through clarifying water by electrolytic anode groove water-in 8, hydroxide ion in the water, chlorion, sulfate ion becomes Sauerstoffatom under the effect of electrolytic anode plate 45, the chlorine atom, ozone etc., in water, be combined into oxygen, chlorine, ozone, hypochlorite, make and be rich in hydrogen ion in the water, hydrogen ion combines with carbonate, change into bicarbonate radical and carbonic acid gas and carbonic acid, form with carbonic acid gas is overflowed, oxygen, chlorine, the mixed gas of carbonic acid gas converges through anode pneumatic trough 36, discharge by cathode can vapor pipe 37, the electrolytic anode plate 45 that dc power anode connects lead 32 connections is the titanium electrode of graphite or titanium or plated film, or other corrosion-resistant electrode.It is acid that water in the electrolytic anode groove 6 shows, and is rich in active oxidizer, and the pathogenic bacterium aquatic organism in the water is had the extremely strong function of killing, and water is after treatment discharged by anode water shoot 42.
Fig. 5 is the dynamic motorized motions of orifice plate for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the membranous structural profile synoptic diagram of perviousness, and its operational process is equal to Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the dynamic motorized motions of screen cloth for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of graphite cake, and its operational process is equal to Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is the static motorized motions of screen cloth for a kind of its negative electrode of electrolytic process water treatment device, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram of graphite cake, and its operational process is equal to Fig. 4.
Fig. 8 is its electrolysis cathode and anode groove divergence type of a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device, and negative electrode is the dynamic motorized motions of orifice plate, and conductive diaphragm is the structural profile synoptic diagram that graphite cake connects by lead, and its operational process is equal to Fig. 4.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of electrolytic process water treatment device, comprise the direct supply control device, the water supply and sewage device, the electrolysis cathode slot device, electrolytic cathode assembly, the conductive separator plate device, the precipitation of scales device, the electrolytic anode slot device, the electrolytic anode device, it is characterized in that: the electrolysis cathode slot device is provided with intake-outlet and venting port, the electrolytic cathode assembly that is immersed in the water is installed in the electrolysis cathode slot device, direct supply control device negative pole is connected with electrolytic cathode assembly, electrolysis cathode slot device top is provided with pneumatic trough and venting port, be equipped with in the electrolysis cathode slot device by with the electrolytic cathode assembly relative movement, make the negative electrode apparatus for eliminating sludge of electrolytic cathode assembly elastic electrode deformation, electrolysis cathode slot device water outlet is connected with the precipitation of scales device, and the conductive separator plate device separates electrolysis cathode slot device and electrolytic anode slot device by the support fixation tightness system; The electrolytic anode slot device is provided with entery and delivery port and venting port; The electrolytic anode device that is immersed in the water is installed in the electrolytic anode slot device, the direct supply control device is anodal to be connected with the electrolytic anode device, electrolytic anode slot device top is provided with pneumatic trough and venting port, the electrolytic anode groove is provided with entery and delivery port, and the conductive separator plate device separates electrolytic anode slot device and electrolysis cathode slot device by the support fixation tightness system; The electrolytic process water treatment device is to utilize brine electrolysis to be reflected at negative electrode to produce hydrogen, makes negative electrode be rich in hydroxide radical, carbonate, carbonate salt, metal hydroxides in the water is precipitated in the crystalline mode separate out; Realize conduction by the conductive separator plate device between electrolysis cathode slot device and the electrolytic anode slot device,, peel off the incrustation scale that produces on the negative electrode device by making the deformation of electrolysis cathode elastic electrode; Hydroxide ion in anode slot water, chlorion negatively charged ion lose electronics, produce the chlorine atom, Sauerstoffatom, and produce chlorine, oxygen, hypochlorite, chlorate anions, make bicarbonate radical, carbonate in the water be converted into carbonic acid gas and separate out, discharge mixed gass such as chlorine, oxygen, carbonic acid gas by the anode slot venting port; Its principle of work of electrolytic process water treatment device meets energy Si Tedinglv, electrolysis law, and the formation of its operating voltage is made of dividing potential drops such as theoretical voltage, superpotential, the first conductor voltage, electrolytic conductor voltage, conductive separator plate voltage, touch voltages; The principle of its scale removal is that most of metal hydroxides, carbonate solubleness in water is minimum, precipitable separating out; In the anode slot device, be dissolved with chlorine, oxygen, ozone, hypochlorite, chlorate anions in the water, electrolyzer is at least one pair of, and anode is conduction, corrosion resistant material manufacturing, negative electrode is conduction, resilient material manufacturing, and conductive separator plate is the material manufacturing with conductivity.
2, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that; The electrolysis cathode slot device is for having a constant volume, there is impregnating material to make, have into water, outlet conduit, gas exhaust duct, outlet conduit is connected with settling bath, the electrolysis negative electrode that elastic conducting material is made is connected with direct supply control device negative pole, place electrolysis cathode slot device water, the cathode can apparatus for eliminating sludge contacts with the electrolysis negative electrode, place in the electrolysis cathode slot device, by with the relative movement snaking of elastic conduction negative electrode, conductive separator plate is installed on the face of electrolysis cathode groove by the support fixation tightness system.
3, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrolysis cathode is made for having certain intensity and elastic metallic substance, the electrolysis cathode metallic substance is thin metal perforated plate, net or silk, be installed on static or the operation electrodes conduct base material parent on constitute electrolysis cathode, the electrolysis cathode metallic substance is an iron, iron alloy or other metal, electrolysis cathode has enough surface-area, enough flow processs, with enough circulation areas, be static or running gear, transmission chain cable or kinematic link by hydrodynamic(al) device or electric device drive make its recoverable deformation peel off the fragility incrustation scale.
4, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: conductive separator plate is a cation selective membrane, or perviousness barrier film, or anticorrosion plate of conductive material, conductive separator plate is installed between cathode can and the anode slot by the support fixation tightness system, and the electrolytic anode groove is separated, separates with the electrolysis cathode groove.
5, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the conventional settler of settler for being connected with electrolysis cathode groove water outlet, but bearing operation.
6, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrolysis cathode groove apparatus for eliminating sludge is static or running gear, the transmission chain cable or kinematic link and the elastic conduction negative electrode relative movement snaking that drive towards simple pendulum device or electric device by hydrodynamic(al) water turbine or water.
7, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: electrolytic anode groove electrode is conduction protection against corrosion electrode, and its material is titanium electrode or Graphite Electrodes and other the erosion-resisting electrode that is coated with oxide compound.
8, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: processed water is at first introduced the electrolysis cathode groove, enter the precipitation of scales device through the outlet of electrolysis cathode groove, entering the electrolytic anode groove through the precipitation of scales device again discharges, or water is earlier through the electrolytic anode groove, enter the electrolysis cathode groove again, enter settler again, on electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove, be provided with the discharge equipment that makes things convenient for electrolysate, the electrolytic process water treatment device is bearing operation or non-bearing operation, needs water heating in advance before entering the electrolytic process water treatment device of handling.
9, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the conductive diaphragm support fixation tightness system, be provided with conduction, anticorrosion scale removal electrode, make the conductive diaphragm place of electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove produce sour environment by energising, make calcium carbonate scale and oxyhydroxide dissolving on the conductive diaphragm, the power supply of conductive diaphragm cathode side, conductive diaphragm anode side scale removal electrode is controlled by power switch.
10, electrolytic process water treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the electrolytic process water treatment device is many electrolysis cathode groove, electrolytic anode groove to be powered by the electrode serial or parallel connection in the electrolyzer, the water of electrolytic anode groove and electrolysis cathode groove enters electrolysis cathode groove, settler, enters electrolytic anode groove or at first enter the electrolytic anode groove by water-in and enter the electrolysis cathode groove more again by water-in, enter settler and discharge, settler is provided with blowdown apparatus.
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| CNB2003101200327A CN100500586C (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2003-12-01 | Apparatus for electrolysis method water treatment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4198169B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-12-17 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Descaling system |
| AU2011318239A1 (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2013-05-23 | Zodiac Group Australia Pty Limited | Method for water sanitisation |
| CN101967017B (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-02-22 | 北京化工大学 | Electrochemical device for wastewater treatment and method for treating wastewater by using same |
| CN102010091B (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-01-18 | 江苏碧水源环境科技有限责任公司 | Advanced treatment method of sewage |
| CN103848482A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2014-06-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for processing landfill leachate through direct current electrooxidation by solar energy |
| CN103663736B (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-03 | 上海鸿越环境科技有限公司 | Semi-automatic cooling circulating water sterilizing and descaling device and cooling circulating water sterilizing and descaling method |
| CN104192953B (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2015-09-02 | 东莞市东元新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of electricity flocculation wastewater treatment electrode |
| CN104150569B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-11-16 | 成都飞创科技有限公司 | A kind of method and device of the desulfurization wastewater after treatment and purification |
| CN104291450B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-20 | 章明歅 | A kind of electrochemistry incrustation scale removal device |
| CN104886709A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-09 | 博艳萍 | Carbonated beverage high pressure sterilizer |
| CN108698862B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2021-12-14 | 亚拉国际有限公司 | Method for treating industrial waste water by electrolysis |
| TWI586266B (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-06-11 | 元智大學 | Aquaculture system |
| CN106746172A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-31 | 贵州省植物园 | A kind of livestock and poultry leachate processing method of content of beary metal high |
| CN107043154A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-15 | 福州金慧健康科技有限公司 | A kind of free radical generation device |
| US10473548B2 (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method and apparatus for detecting presence of a fluid |
| JP7152228B2 (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-10-12 | 株式会社アルバック | Metal hydroxide production apparatus and production method |
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