CN2721617Y - Water treater with electrolysis - Google Patents
Water treater with electrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN2721617Y CN2721617Y CN2003201274877U CN200320127487U CN2721617Y CN 2721617 Y CN2721617 Y CN 2721617Y CN 2003201274877 U CN2003201274877 U CN 2003201274877U CN 200320127487 U CN200320127487 U CN 200320127487U CN 2721617 Y CN2721617 Y CN 2721617Y
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The utility model relates to an apparatus for water treatment by an electrolysis method which comprises a direct current power supply control device, a water feeding and discharging device, an electrolysis cathode slot device, an electrolysis cathode device, a conducting baffle device, a scale deposit settling device, an electrolysis anode slot device, an electrolysis anode device, etc. The electrolysis cathode slot device is provided with the electrolysis cathode device which is immersed into water, a device which can make the elasticity electrode of the electrolysis cathode device deform is arranged in the electrolysis cathode slot device via the relative move with a cathode slot descaling device, and the water outlet of the electrolysis cathode slot device is connected with the scale deposit settling device. The conducting baffle device can separate the electrolysis cathode slot device and the electrolysis anode slot device via a supporting fixed sealing device, the electrolysis anode device which is immersed into the water is arranged in the electrolysis anode slot device, the water electrolysis can react at the cathode and create hydrogen to make the cathode rich in hydroxyl radical and carbonate radical, and the calcium carbonate salt and the heavy metal oxyhydrate in the water can be precipitated in a crystallization mode. The water in the anode slot can create chlorine, oxygen, hypochlorite, chlorate and ozone.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a method and a device for water treatment by an electrolytic method, in particular to the treatment of industrial circulating water, seawater desalination raw water and other raw water with hardness, belonging to the field of water treatment.
Background
The water contains a large amount of salts and other contaminating components, and it cannot be directly applied to specific fields without being treated, mainly because the water is decomposed and scaled by heat.
The scale in water can be divided into scale and dirt, wherein common scale comprises calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium silicate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium silicate, magnesium phosphate and the like, and the dirt mainly comprises dust, silt, corrosion products, natural organic matters, microorganism lumps and the like.
Cause of scale formation
1. Decomposition of bicarbonate
Bicarbonate dissolved in water, such as Ca (HCO)3)2、Mg(HCO3)2Is unstable and is easily decomposed by heating on a heating surface:
when cooling water passes through the cooling tower, the CO dissolved in the water is directly contacted with the water2The gas escapes, raising the PH of the cooling water, and the bicarbonate decomposes under alkaline conditions:
when the water contains CaCl2The following reactions may also occur:
Mg(HCO3)2is unstable and is easily decomposed by heating on a heating surface:
2. slightly soluble salts are precipitated by concentration
Any salt has a certain solubility in water, like calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, etc., which is less soluble in water. When the cooling water passes through the cooling tower, part of the water is taken away by the cooled air, so that the process of passing the cooling water through the cooling tower is a continuous concentration process. The concentration of the slightly soluble salts in the cooling water is increased more and more, and when the concentration exceeds the solubility of the slightly soluble salts, the slightly soluble salts are crystallized and separated out to form scale.
3. Propagation of microorganisms
The secretion of fungi and some bacteria is sticky, the mucus plays a role in filtering in circulating water, and organic matters, debris, mud and sand, colloidal hydroxide, corrosion products, fungus and algae corpses and the like in the water are bonded together by the mucus to form loose soft scale.
4. Scale from water treatment agent
The scale can be thickened due to improper dosage control of the water treatment agent. For example, the silicate content in natural water is not high, but if the silicate is used as a corrosion inhibitor, the silicate scale can be deposited if the dosage or concentration ratio is not properly controlled.
Polyphosphate is easily decomposed into orthophosphate in warm water, and when the polyphosphate is used as a corrosion and scale inhibitor, phosphate scale is easily generated if no dispersant is added:
some dispersants, such as polyacrylates, are used in small amounts and, if added in excess, tend to form organic scale.
The microorganisms such as algae, bacteria and filamentous fungi in the cooling water are bonded with slime such as sand, inorganic substances, corrosion products and dust by the slime secreted by the microorganisms into soft lumps, and the soft slime sediments are called microorganism slime. To prevent the production of microbial slime, biocides are commonly used for killing. The biocides commonly used are mainly:
1. chlorine series
The chlorine series biocide mainly comprises chlorine, sodium hypochlorite and bleaching powder
2. Ozone generator
Ozone is also a strong oxidizing biocide, the biocidal mechanism being that ozone binds to proteins of microorganisms, destroying the activity of reductases essential for cellular respiration.
At present, the known methods for preventing scale formation mainly include various methods such as pyrolysis precipitation, acidification, furnace fume treatment, precipitation treatment, ion exchange, kinetic method for preventing calcium carbonate scale formation (scale inhibitor treatment), lime, soda, trisodium phosphate softening, and the like.
The lime treatment process is illustrated by the following equation:
according to the above reaction, the water quality of natural water is generally treated with lime.
The addition of Na2CO3 can further remove the hardness of non-carbonate in water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
magnesium carbonate hydrolyses very rapidly at higher pH, forming Mg (OH) precipitate:
in addition, sodium hydroxide can also remove carbonate hardness and magnesium salts in water, and the reaction formula is as follows:
therefore, calcium, magnesium and other metal ions in the raw water can be precipitated in the form of carbonate and metal hydroxide precipitates under the alkaline condition.
However, the above water treatment systems in various modes are complex, difficult to operate and control, high in cost, and unfavorable for efficient utilization of water due to increased actual salt content in water.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing water treatment methods with various modes, the utility model provides an electrolysis water treatment device, which can not only eliminate the hardness in water, but also kill aquatic organisms, disinfect water and prevent the growth of algae. And can also produce hydrogen, oxygen and other gases.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the water treatment equipment by electrolysis method includes D.C. power supply control device, water supply and discharge device, electrolytic cathode tank device, electrolytic cathode device, conductive partition plate device, scale deposit device, electrolytic anode tank device and electrolytic anode device.
The electrolytic cathode tank device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet and an air outlet, an electrolytic cathode device immersed in water is installed in the electrolytic cathode tank device, the negative electrode of the direct current power supply control device is connected with the electrolytic cathode device, the upper part of the electrolytic cathode tank device is provided with a gas collecting tank and an air outlet, a cathode descaling device which enables the elastic electrode of the electrolytic cathode device to deform through relative motion with the electrolytic cathode device is installed in the electrolytic cathodetank device, the water outlet of the electrolytic cathode tank device is connected with a scale deposition device, and the deposition device is a conventional deposition device connected with the water outlet of the electrolytic cathode tank and can operate under pressure.
The conductive clapboard device separates the electrolytic cathode tank device from the electrolytic anode tank device by supporting, fixing and sealing devices. The conductive clapboard is a cation selective membrane, or a permeable diaphragm, or an anticorrosive conductive material plate, and is arranged between the cathode tank and the anode tank through a supporting, fixing and sealing device to separate and separate the electrolytic anode tank from the electrolytic cathode tank.
The electrolytic cathode tank device is made of anticorrosive materials and is provided with a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an exhaust pipe, the water outlet pipe is connected with a precipitation tank, an electrolytic cathode electrode made of elastic conductive materials is connected with the negative electrode of a direct current power supply control device, a device arranged in the water of the electrolytic cathode tank device is contacted with the electrolytic cathode electrode, the descaling device is arranged in the electrolytic cathode tank device and is used for descaling through the relative movement with the elastic conductive cathode electrode, and a conductive partition plate is arranged on one surface of the electrolytic cathode tank through a supporting, fixing and sealing device. The conductive diaphragm is supported and fixed on the sealing device and can be provided with a conductive and anti-corrosion descaling electrode, the conductive diaphragms of the electrolytic cathode tank and the electrolytic anode tank are in an acid environment by electrifying, so that calcium carbonate scale and hydroxide on the conductive diaphragms are dissolved, and the power supply of the descaling electrodes on the cathode side and the anode side of the conductive diaphragms is controlled by a power supply switch.
The electrolytic cathode is made of metal material with certain strength and elasticity, the metal material of the electrolytic cathode is a thin metal pore plate, net or wire, the thin metal pore plate, net or wire is arranged on a static or running electrode conductive substrate matrix to form the electrolytic cathode, the metal material of the electrolytic cathode is iron, iron alloy or other metals, the electrolytic cathode has enough surface area, enough flow path and enough flow area, and the electrolytic cathode is a static or moving device and is elastically deformed to strip the brittle scale through a transmission chain cable or a transmission connecting rod driven by a water driving device or an electric device. The descaling device of the electrolytic cathode tank is a static or moving device, and the descaling device moves relative to the elastic conductive cathode electrode through a transmission chain cable or a transmission connecting rod driven by a water turbine or a water-jet simple pendulum device or an electric device.
The electrolysis anode tank device is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and an exhaust port. The electrolytic anode tank device is internally provided with an electrolytic anode device immersed in water, the anode of the direct current power supply control device is connected with the electrolytic anode device, the upper part of the electrolytic anode tank device is provided with a gas collecting tank and an exhaust port, the electrolytic anode tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the conductive clapboard device separates the electrolytic anode tank device from the electrolytic cathode tank device by a supporting, fixing and sealing device. The electrolytic anode tank electrode is a conductive anti-corrosion electrode, and the material of the electrolytic anode tank electrode can be a titanium electrode or a graphite electrode plated with oxide or other anti-corrosion electrodes.
The water to be treated is firstly led into the electrolytic cathode tank, enters the incrustation scale precipitation device through the outlet of the electrolytic cathode tank and then enters the electrolytic anode tank through the incrustation scale precipitation device to be discharged, or the water firstly passes through the electrolytic anode tank and then enters the electrolytic cathode tank and then enters the precipitation device, discharge devices which are convenient for electrolysis products are arranged on the electrolytic cathode tank and the electrolytic anode tank, the electrolytic water treatment device operates in a pressure-bearing mode or in a non-pressure-bearing mode, and the water to be treated can be heated in advance before entering the electrolytic water treatment device.
The electrolytic descaling device has the principle that electrolytic water reacts to generate hydrogen at a cathode, so that the cathode is rich in hydroxyl and carbonate, and calcium carbonate salt and metal hydroxide in water are precipitated and separated out in a crystallization mode; the electrolysis cathode tank device and the electrolysis anode tank device are electrically conducted through the conductive clapboard device, and scale generated on the cathode electrode device is stripped by deforming the electrolysis cathode elastic electrode; the anions such as hydroxyl ions and chloride ions in the anode tank water lose electrons to generate chlorine atoms and oxygen atoms, and chlorine, oxygen, hypochlorite and chlorate are generated to convert bicarbonate and carbonate in the water into carbon dioxide to be separated out, and mixed gas such as the chlorine, the oxygen, the carbon dioxide and the like is discharged through an exhaust port of the anode tank.
The working principle of the descaling device by the electrolysis method conforms to the Nernst law and the electrolysis law, and the working voltage of the descaling device by the electrolysis method is composed of partial voltages such as theoretical voltage, overvoltage, first conductor voltage, electrolyte conductor voltage, conductive partition plate voltage, contact voltage and the like; the principle of descaling is that most metal hydroxides and carbonates have extremely low solubility in water and can be precipitated; in the anode tank device, at least one pair of electrolytic tanks is provided, in which chlorine gas, oxygen gas, ozone, hypochlorite, chlorate and the like are dissolved in water.
The multiple pairs of electrolytic cathode tanks and electrolytic anode tanks are connected in series or in parallel through electrodes in the electrolytic tanks for power supply, water in the electrolytic anode tanks and the electrolytic cathode tanks enters the electrolytic cathode tanks and the precipitation device through water inlets and then enters the electrolytic anode tanks or enters the electrolytic cathode tanks through the water inlets, enters the precipitation device and then is discharged, and the precipitation device is provided with a sewage discharge device.
The difference between the ionic membrane electrolytic cell single-pole cell and the composite cell of the electrolytic water treatment device is as follows:
the ion membrane electrolytic cell has two types, namely a monopolar type and a bipolar type. Regardless of the tank type, each electrolytic tank is composed of a plurality of electrolytic units. Each electrolysis cell has an anode, a cathode and an ion exchange membrane. The anode is made of titanium. And is coated with various active coatings to achieve the purposes of reducing the anode potential and prolonging the service life of the coatings. The cathode is made of an elastic steel material, and is also made of a nickel material or stainless steel. The cathode is coated with an active layer and not coated with an active layer, so as to reduce the overpotential of the cathode and improve the current efficiency. The main difference between a monopolar cell and a bipolar cell is the method of wiring the circuit of the electrolytic cell. The unit cells in the single-pole cell are connected in parallel, and the circuit among the electrolytic cells is connected in series. Therefore, the sum of the currents passing through the single-pole slots in the single-pole slot is the total current passing through one single-pole slot, and the voltage of each single-pole slot is equal to that of the single-pole slot.
Namely: i ═ I1+I2+…In
V＝V1＝V2＝…＝Vn
Therefore, each single-pole cell is characterized by low voltage and large current.
The bipolar tanks are opposite, and all the unit tanks are connected in series, and the electrolytic tanks are connected in parallel. Therefore, for the bipolar cell, the current passing through each unit cell is equal, and the total voltage is the sum of the voltages of each unit cell.
Namely: i ═ I1＝I2…＝In
V＝V1+V2+…+Vn
Therefore, each multipole cell is characterized by low current and high voltage.
The working mechanism of the water treatment device by the electrolytic method is as follows:
when the electrolyte dissolves in water, it dissociates into charged particles, ions, a process known as ionization. For example Ca (HCO)3)2When dissolved in water, dissociates into Ca2+Ions and HCO3 -Ion(s)
There is also a small dissociation of water molecules in water:
therefore, in the aqueous solution, in addition to the ions of the electrolyte, a number of hydrogen ions (H) are contained+) With hydrogen ion (OH)-) And (4) adding the active ingredients.
When direct current passes through an electrolyte aqueous solution, the ions move according to the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract, and positive cations migrate to a cathode and negative anions migrate to an anode. The cations reach the cathode and are discharged at the cathode, losing their positive charge and becoming uncharged atoms. Similarly, when the anion reaches the anode, it is discharged at the anode, and as a result, the charged negative charge is lost and becomes an uncharged atom.
When electrolyzing raw water, OH-The ions are discharged at the anode to become oxygen atoms and subsequently become oxygen molecules to escape.
Namely:
oxygen and chlorine are generated at the anode. The cathode generates hydrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows:
water decomposition:
at the anode:
OH at the anode due to electrolysis of water-Disappearance (disappearance)Therefore, the water is acidic.
At the cathode:
at the cathode, H due to electrolysis of water+The water is alkaline as the result of disappearance.
When HCO exists in water3 -、Ca++、Mg++When ionized, precipitates form on the electrodes due to electrolysis of cathode water into OH-With HCO in water3 -And Ca++、Mg++Act to form CaCO3And Mg (OH)2And (4) precipitating.
The two reactions at the cathode and anode are carried out simultaneously, and the sodium ions and hydroxide ions which are not discharged in the solution are combined into sodium hydroxide near the cathode, namely:
therefore, the essence of the electrolytic process is the oxidation-reduction reaction of the electrolyte solution under the action of direct current, and ions in the solution are separated and discharged on the electrode. The cations get electrons at the cathode and are reduced, and the anions give off electrons at the anode and are oxidized.
The electrolysis process follows the Nernst equation:
the magnitude of the electrode potential depends on the nature of the electrode material and is related to the ion concentration and the temperature in the solution, the oxidation state and the ne reduction state are reacted on any electrode, and the equilibrium electrode potential of the electrode is
V-equilibrium electrode potential, V;
v0-a standard electrode potential, V;
r — gas constant (R — 8.314J/mol · K);
t-absolute temperature, K;
F-Faraday constant (96500C/mol);
n is the number of electrons obtained and lost in the electrode reaction;
aoxidation state、aReduced state-expressing the concentration of the corresponding oxidized species and reduced species, respectively, in the electrode reaction.
In the case of strong electrolyte solutions, the actual concentration must be corrected in consideration of the influence of electrostatic interactions between ions on the concentration, and this is expressed in terms of the "effective concentration" or activity. If the substance is a gas, it is expressed in terms of its partial pressure p, and if it is a solid or water, it is customarily regarded as 1 because its concentration is constant.
At a cell temperature of 25 (i.e., T298K), the above nernst equation is reduced to the following form for calculation:
when an electric current is applied to the electrolyte solution, the amount of the electrolytically generated substance is decomposed to precipitate an electrolytic product in the vicinity of the electrode. The relationship between the amount of substance produced during electrolysis and the amount of electricity passing through the electrolyte can be expressed by Faraday's law.
Law of faraday
(1) During electrolysis, the amount of material produced at the electrode is directly proportional to the amount of electricity passing through the electrolyte solution, i.e., the current intensity andthe energization time.
(2) When the same amount of electricity is passed through different electrolyte solutions, the amount of the substance formed on the electrode and the molar mass M of the substance having an atomic basisBProportional to the number of neutrons n participating in the reaction.
Through experimental determination, M is separated out on the electrodeBThe charge required for any substance/n is 96500 coulombs (C/mol), which is called the faraday constant, a constant commonly used in electrochemistry, denoted F.
The mathematical expression of Faraday's law is
Wherein m represents the mass of a substance precipitated on the electrode, g;
MBthe molar mass of the substance in atoms as elementary units, g;
q is the electrical quantity, C;
F-Faraday constant, 96500C/mol;
i-current intensity, A;
t-time of passage of current, S;
n is the number of electrons lost by an atom during electrode reaction;
k is the number of the electrolytic cells.
As can be seen from the above formula, the more the amount of electricity passed, the more products are produced by electrolysis, and therefore, to increase the amount of the electrolysis products, the current intensity is increased or the passing time is prolonged.
An electrolytic cell voltage of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus:
the cell voltage is an important technical index and has a very close relationship with energy consumption. The cell voltage is a theoretical decomposition voltage; an overvoltage; a metal conductor voltage drop; electrolyte solution voltage drop; diaphragm voltage divided (ionic membrane voltage drop); contact voltage drop.
Theoretical decomposition of voltage
In order to discharge ions during electrolysis, the electrodes must be kept at a certain voltage, and the minimum voltage required for the electrolyte to start decomposition is called the theoretical decomposition voltage. If the concentration and temperature of the electrolyte are constant, the theoretical decomposition voltage required for ion discharge is also constant, and the theoretical decomposition voltage is numerically equal to the difference between the anode potential and the cathode potential, i.e., the difference between the anode potential and the cathode potential
Theoretical decomposition voltage being anode potential-cathode potential
＝v+-v-
The electrode potential can be calculated by the Nernst equation.
(II) overvoltage
The actual discharge potential during electrolysis is higher than the theoretical discharge potential, and this difference is called overvoltage.
The electrolysis process of the saline solution belongs to electrochemical polarization in electrochemistry, and the overvoltage of the electrolysis process can be expressed by a Tafel formula.
VFor treating＝a+blogJ
This equation shows that the overvoltage is in line with the logarithm of the current density. However, when the current density J is constant, the overvoltage VFor treatingMainly depends on the values of a and b, and a and b are mainly related to the electrode material, the concentration of the electrolyte solution, the electrolysis temperature and other factors.
(III) Voltage drop of first type conductor
During electrolysis, the current is conducted through the copper or aluminum conductors into the cell and also through the anode and cathode in the cell, and since these first type conductors have electrical resistance, a voltage drop is created which follows ohm's law, i.e., V-IR-D- ρ -i.
(IV) Voltage drop in electrolyte
(1) During the electrolysis, since the electrolyte solution has a resistance, the resistance of the current passing through the electrolyte solution must be overcome, resulting in a loss of voltage, and the voltage drop is calculated according to ohm's law:
wherein J-Current Density, A/mm2；
Iota-average distance between cathode and anode, mm;
gamma-electrolyte conductivity, S/mm.
Therefore, as can be seen from the above equation, the voltage drop in the electrolyte solution is proportional to the current density J and the average distance between the two electrodes, i, and inversely proportional to the conductivity of the electrolyte, γ, and in order to reduce the voltage loss in the electrolyte solution, the distance between the cathode and the anode is shortened as much as possible, and the electrolyte solution is electrolyzed while being maintained at a high temperature and concentration to increase the conductivity of the solution.
(2) Bubble effect: during the electrolysis of the brine, the chlorine gas and the hydrogen gas generated are in the form of bubbles and are precipitated from the electrodes. The presence of these bubbles in the solution reduces the effective area for ion movement and decreases the conductivity of the solution between the electrodes, which is the bubble effect.
Due to the presence of the bubble effect, the actual voltage drop of the electrolyte solution in the cell is greater than that calculated according to ohm's law.
The conductivity of the bubble-filled anolyte can be determined by the following equation:
γ＝γ0(1-1.665P)
p-degree of aeration (ratio of gas volume to liquid volume in anolyte),%;
γ0conductivity of anode inlet without bubbles, S/mm.
The structure of the electric tank is improved, the mesh electrode is adopted, bubbles generated by electrolysis can escape from the solution as soon as possible, and the electric tank is an effective way for reducing the aeration degree, improving the conductivity of the solution and reducing the ohmic voltage drop of the solution.
(V) diaphragm Voltage drop (Ionic Membrane Voltage drop)
1. Diaphragm voltage drop
The current passing through the membrane in the cell also causes a voltage drop. The diaphragm voltage drop can be calculated as follows:
v-diaphragm voltage drop, V;
J-Current Density, A/cm2；
d-thickness of the diaphragm, cm2；
U-membrane porosity,%;
ρ -resistivity, Ω · cm;
i-intensity of current, A.
2. Voltage drop of ionic membrane
Since the ion exchange membrane has a certain resistance, when current passes through the ion membrane, a voltage drop is generated on the membrane, which is the voltage drop of the ion membrane.
(VI) contact Voltage drop
During cell connection, anode assembly and cathode fabrication, there is resistance at the conductor contact and connection, and when current passes, a voltage drop occurs at the connection and contact. The contact voltage drop is related to the quality of the assembly of the contacts, the contact area of the contacts, the cleanliness of the contact surfaces, and the degree of contact tightness. If the allowable current density of the contact surface of different materials is different and exceeds the allowable range, the contact surface generates heat and the contact voltage drop is increased.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the calcium and magnesium ions in the water treated by the device are as follows: temporary hardness, permanent hardness and heavy metal ion salts are removed in a precipitation mode. The raw water is treated by active oxygen and active chlorine generated by the electrolytic anode, pathogenic bacteria and aquatic organisms in the water are killed, so that the water contains salt mainly comprising sodium salt and potassium salt, is nearly neutral, is the simplest and most economical, and can be treated in any raw water mode. According to the different water treatment scales, gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, carbon dioxide and the like can be recovered. The hydrogen generated by the electrolysis reaction can be consumed by the fuel cell to supplement the power consumption of the electrolysis device. Or the gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, chlorine, carbon dioxide and the like are recycled to be sold as products, so that the water treatment method realizes the softening, biocidal and disinfection treatment of water on the premise of not adding any medicine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an electrolytic water treatment device with a screen dynamic water hammer simple pendulum drive as a cathode and a coated titanium plate as a conductive diaphragm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus with a cathode driven by a steel dynamic turbine and a conductive membrane as a cation selective membrane;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system configuration of an electrolytic water treatment device with a screen static water wheel drive as the cathode and a permeable diaphragm as the conductive separator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus with a cathode driven by a steel dynamic turbine and a conductive diaphragm as a cation selective membrane;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural section view of an electrolytic water treatment device with a cathode dynamically electrically driven by an orifice plate and a conductive diaphragm permeable to the cathode;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural section view of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus with a screen mesh dynamic electric drive as a cathode and a graphite plate as a conductive diaphragm;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus with a screen mesh static electric drive as the cathode and a graphite plate as the conductive diaphragm;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolysis water treatment apparatus of the electrolytic cathode and anode tank separation type, wherein the cathode is dynamically electrically driven by an orifice plate, and the conductive diaphragm is a graphite plate connected by a lead.
In the figure: 1 conductive cation selection film, 2 anticorrosion fastening support, 3 conductive cathode, 4 conductive connecting electrode, 5 electrolytic cathode supporting metal body, 6 electrolytic anode tank, 7 conductive clapboard supporting and fastening device, 8 electrolytic anode tank water inlet, 9 precipitator shell, 10 pollution discharge control valve, 11 precipitation tank, 12 scale discharge pipe, 13 precipitation inclined tube plate, 14 cathode tank water outlet, 15 condensate water control valve, 16 condensate water accumulation well, 17 heater cold water inlet, 18 heater, 19 heating steam pipe, 20 transformer, 21 solar cell, 22 storage battery, 23 DC power switch, 24 rectifier, 25 storage battery, 26 air inlet pipe, 27 fuel cell, 28 hydrogen gas storage device, 29 air outlet, 30 hydrogen purifier, 31 hydrogen pressure control valve, 32 DC power supply anode connecting lead, 33 DC tank air outlet, 34 cathode gas collecting tank, 35 conductive connecting lead, 36 anode gas collecting tank, 37 anode exhaust pipe, 38 water inlet pipe, 39 electrolytic cathode tank, 40 electrolytic tank anticorrosion shell, 41 DC power supply switch, 42 anode drain pipe, 43 descaling electrode, 44 power driving device, 45 electrolytic anode plate, 46 electrolytic cathode conductive supporting wheel, 47 descaling device, 48 cathode driving shaft, 49 cathode main driving wheel
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an electrolysis water treatment device, wherein a cathode of the electrolysis water treatment device is driven by a screen dynamic water hammer simple pendulum, and a conductive diaphragm of the electrolysis water treatment device is a coated titanium plate:
in fig. 1: raw water to be treated enters a heater 18 through a cold water inlet 17 of the heater, water vapor enters the heater 18 through a heating steam pipe 19 to heat the raw water to be treated, condensed water is collected through a condensed water collecting well 16 and is discharged under the control of a condensed water control valve 15, the heated raw water acts on a power driving device 44 through a water inlet pipe 38 to drive an electrolysis cathode electrode consisting of an electrolysis cathode supporting metal body 5, a conductive connecting electrode 4 and a conductive cathode 3 to deform and descale, the raw water is subjected to electrolysis reaction on the cathode electrode, hydrogen ions in the water are converted into hydrogen to be discharged and are collected through a cathode gas collecting tank 34 and discharged through a cathode groove exhaust port 33, the pressure is controlled through a hydrogen pressure control valve 31 to enter a hydrogen purifier 30 and a hydrogen storage tank 28, the discharge is controlled through a cathode groove exhaust port 33, and electric energy is generated through the action of a hydrogen fuel cell 27 and an air inlet pipe, the direct current power supply system consisting of the transformer 20, the rectifier 24 and the direct current power supply switch 23 supplies power to the conductive connecting leads 35 and 32 through the storage battery 25, and supplies power to the electrolysis electrodes under the control of the power supply control switch 41. The solar battery 21 and the storage battery 22 can also supply power to the conductive connecting wires 35 and 32, the conductive cation selective membrane 1 has a conductive function, the flow of electricity is realized through the conductive cation selective membrane 1, incrustation can be generated on the conductive cation selective membrane 1, the power supply controlled by the power supply control switch 41 applies electricity to the descaling electrode 43 supported by the conductive clapboard supporting and fastening device 7 to descale the conductive cation selective membrane 1, so that the water is rich in hydroxide radicals, bicarbonate radicals are converted into carbonate radicals, calcium magnesium ions and heavy metal ions in the water are combined with the hydroxide radicals and the carbonate radicals in the water to generate calcium carbonate precipitates, magnesium hydroxide precipitates and carbonates and hydroxides of other heavy metal ions, the calcium magnesium hydroxide precipitates and the carbonates and hydroxides precipitate on the cathode electrode and the incrustation falling offfrom the cathode electrode to form large precipitate particles, and the water enters the inclined tube plate 13, the incrustation discharge tube 12, the precipitator shell 9, deposit in the precipitator that the sedimentation tank 11 constitutes and separate out, the incrustation scale discharges through blowdown control valve 10, water through precipitation treatment enters into electrolysis anode tank 6 through electrolysis anode tank water inlet 8, electrolytic reaction takes place through electrolysis anode plate 45, the hydroxyl in the aquatic, chloridion etc. turn into oxygen, chlorine, carbonate in the aquatic turns into carbonic acid, separate out with chlorine, oxygen with carbon dioxide gas mode, still chlorine reacts with oxygen in the aquatic simultaneously, turn into hypochlorous acid, chloridion combines with the sodium ion and other metal ions in the aquatic, generate and have the material of killing aquatic creature, make water realize algae removal biocidal and disinfection process, the water of handling discharges through anode drain pipe 42, the gas that the positive pole goes out the aquatic collects vapour groove 36 through the anode drain pipe 37 and collects and discharges.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an electrolysis water treatment device with a cathode driven by a steel bar dynamic turbine and a conductive diaphragm driven by a cation selective membrane:
in fig. 2: raw water to be treated enters a heater 18 through a heater cold water inlet 17, water vapor enters the heater 18 through a heating steam pipe 19 to heat the raw water to be treated, condensed water is collected through a condensed water collecting well 16 and is discharged under the control of a condensed water control valve 15, the heated raw water acts on a power driving device 44 through a water inlet pipe 38 to drive an electrolysis cathode supporting metal body 5, an electrolysis cathode conductive supporting wheel 46, a cathode driving shaft 48, a conductive connecting electrode 4 and a conductive cathode 3 to collide with a descaling device 47 for relative movement, so that the metal electrode of the electrolysis cathode is deformed, and descaling is realized. Raw water is subjected to electrolytic reaction on a cathode electrode, hydrogen ions in the water are converted into hydrogen to be discharged, the hydrogen is collected by a cathode gas collecting tank 34 and discharged through a cathode tank exhaust port 33, the pressure is controlled by a hydrogen pressure control valve 31 to enter a hydrogen purifier 30 and a hydrogen storage tank 28, the discharge is controlled by the cathode tank exhaust port 33, electric energy is generated under the action of a hydrogen fuel cell 27 and an air inlet pipe 26 and is supplied out through a storage battery 25, a direct current power supply system consisting of a transformer 20, a rectifier 24 and a direct current power supply switch 23 supplies power to conductive connecting wires 35 and 32, and the power supply system is controlled by a power supply control switch 41 to supply power to an electrolytic electrode. The solar battery 21 and the storage battery 22 can also supply power to the conductive connecting wires 35 and 32, the conductive cation selective membrane 1 has a conductive function, the flow of electricity is realized through the conductive cation selective membrane 1, incrustation can be generated on the conductive cation selective membrane 1, the power supply controlled by the power supply control switch 41 applies electricity to the descaling electrode 43 supported by the conductive clapboard supporting and fastening device 7 to descale the conductive cation selective membrane 1, so that the water is rich in hydroxide radicals, bicarbonate radicals are converted into carbonate radicals, calcium ions, magnesium ions and heavy metal ions in the water are combined with the hydroxide radicals and the carbonate radicals in the water to generate calcium carbonate precipitates, magnesium hydroxide precipitates and carbonates and hydroxides of other heavy metal ions, the calcium carbonate precipitates, the magnesium hydroxide precipitates and the hydroxides of other heavy metal ions are precipitated on the incrustation falling from the cathode electrode and the cathode electrode to form large precipitated particles, and the water enters the incrustation falling from, The precipitator shell 9, deposit in the precipitator that the sedimentation tank 11 constitutes and separate out, the incrustation scale discharges through blowdown control valve 10, water through precipitation treatment enters into electrolysis anode tank 6 through electrolysis anode tank water inlet 8, electrolytic reaction takes place through electrolysis anode plate 45, the hydroxyl in the aquatic, chloridion etc. turn into oxygen, chlorine, carbonate in the aquatic turns into carbonic acid, separate out with chlorine, oxygen with carbon dioxide gas mode, still chlorine reacts with oxygen in the aquatic simultaneously, turn into hypochlorous acid, chloridion combines with the sodium ion and other metal ions in the aquatic, generate and have the material of killing aquatic creature, make water realize algae removal biocidal and disinfection process, the water of handling discharges through anode drain pipe 42, the gas that the positive pole goes out the aquatic collects vapour groove 36 through the anode drain pipe 37 and collects and discharges.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system structure of an electrolysis water treatment device with a screen mesh static water wheel drive as a cathode and a permeable diaphragm as a conductive partition, the operation process is identical to that of FIG. 2, and the cathode descaling drive is a water wheel drive device to drive a descaling device and an electrode to move relatively to realize descaling.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural section view of an electrolytic water treatment device with acathode driven by a steel bar dynamic turbine and a conductive diaphragm driven by a cation selective membrane:
in fig. 4: raw water to be treated enters an electrolytic cathode tank 39 through a water inlet pipe 38, direct current is introduced into the water through a direct current power switch 41, a conductive connecting lead 35 and an electrolytic cathode supporting metal body 5, hydrogen ions in the water are reduced through a conductive cathode 3 to be changed into hydrogen, and the hydrogen is collected through a cathode gas collecting tank 34 and is discharged from a cathode tank exhaust port 33. The bicarbonate radical and carbonic acid in the water lose hydrogen ions to form carbonate ions, the water loses the hydrogen ions to enrich hydroxyl ions, under the alkaline environment, magnesium ions, calcium ions and other metal ions in the water are deposited on the conductive cathode 3 in the form of carbonate and metal hydroxide so as to increase the resistance of the conductive cathode 3, the cathode driving shaft 48 driven by the power driving device 44 drives the cathode main driving wheel 49 to drive the conductive cathode 3 to move and contact with the descaling device 47 for deformation, so that the fragile scale on the conductive cathode 3 is separated from the conductive cathode 3 and is scattered in the water of the electrolytic cathode tank 39 as crystal nuclei to further accelerate the formation of the deposit. The conductive cation selective membrane 1 supported and sealed by the conductive clapboard supporting and fastening device 7, the descaling electrode 43 and the anticorrosion fastening support 2 has a cation selection function, only positive ions in water can pass through the conductive cation selective membrane 1, but negative ions can not pass through the conductive clapboard supporting and fastening device, so that metal ions and hydrogen ions in the electrolytic anode tank 6 can pass through the conductive cation selective membrane 1 to enter the electrolytic cathode tank 39, the metal ions in the water can be removed in a precipitation mode, the metal ions are discharged along with the water flow through the cathode tank water outlet 14, settled and separated through the settling inclined tube plate 13 to enter the sedimentation tank 11, the discharge is controlled through the pollution discharge control valve 10, the clarified water enters the electrolytic anode tank 6 through the electrolytic anode tank water inlet 8, and hydroxyl ions, chloride ions and sulfate ions in the water are changed into oxygen atoms, chlorine atoms, ozone and the like under the action of the electrolytic anode plate 45, and the oxygen is combined into oxygen in the water, Chlorine, ozone and hypochlorite, hydrogen ions are enriched in water and combined with carbonate ions to be converted into bicarbonate, carbon dioxide and carbonic acid, the bicarbonate, the carbon dioxide and the carbonic acid overflow in the form of carbon dioxide, mixed gas of oxygen, the chlorine and the carbon dioxide is converged by an anode gas collecting groove 36 and is discharged through a cathode groove exhaust pipe 37, and an electrolytic anode plate 45 connected with a direct current power supply positive electrode connecting lead 32 is a graphite or titanium or coated titanium electrode or other corrosion-resistant electrodes. The water in the electrolytic anode tank 6 is acidic, is rich in active oxidant, has extremely strong killing function to pathogenic bacteria aquatic organisms in the water, and the treated water is discharged through the anode drain pipe 42.
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus having a structure in which a cathode is dynamically and electrically driven by an orifice plate and a conductive diaphragm is a permeable diaphragm, and the operation process is identical to that of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural section view of an electrolytic water treatment device with a screen mesh dynamic electric drive as a cathode and a graphite plate as a conductive diaphragm, and the operation process of the electrolytic water treatment device is identical to that of FIG. 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolytic water treatment apparatus with a screen mesh static electric drive as a cathode and a graphite plate as a conductive diaphragm, and the operation process is identical to that of FIG. 4.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrolysis cathode and anode tank separated type water treatment device by an electrolysis method, wherein the cathode is dynamically and electrically driven by an orifice plate, and a conductive diaphragm is a graphite plate connected by a lead, and the operation process of the device is identical to that of FIG. 4.
Claims (7)
1. An electrolytic water treatment device, comprising a direct current power supply control device, a water supply and drainage device, an electrolytic cathode tank device, an electrolytic cathode device, a conductive clapboard device, a scale deposit device, an electrolytic anode tank device, an electrolytic anode device and the like, and is characterized in that: the electrolytic cathode tank device is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet and an air outlet, an electrolytic cathode device immersed in water is installed in the electrolytic cathode tank device, the negative electrode of the direct current power supply control device is connected with the electrolytic cathode device, the upper part of the electrolytic cathode tank device is provided with a gas collecting tank and the air outlet, a cathode descaling device which enables the elastic electrode of the electrolytic cathode device to deform through the relative movement with the electrolytic cathode device is installed in theelectrolytic cathode tank device, the water outlet of the electrolytic cathode tank device is connected with a scale deposition device, and the electrolytic cathode tank device and the electrolytic anode tank device are separated by a conductive clapboard device through a supporting, fixing and sealing device; the electrolytic anode tank device is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and an exhaust port; the electrolytic anode tank device is internally provided with an electrolytic anode device immersed in water, the anode of the direct current power supply control device is connected with the electrolytic anode device, the upper part of the electrolytic anode tank device is provided with a gas collecting tank and an exhaust port, the electrolytic anode tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the conductive clapboard device separates the electrolytic anode tank device from the electrolytic cathode tank device through a supporting, fixing and sealing device, and the electrolytic tanks are at least one pair.
2. The electrolytic cathode cell apparatus of claim 1, wherein; the electrolytic cathode tank device is made of anticorrosive material and has water inlet, water outlet pipeline and exhaust pipeline, the water outlet pipeline is connected with precipitation tank, the electrolytic cathode electrode made of elastic conducting material is connected with negative pole of DC power supply controller, the device is placed in the water of electrolytic cathode tank device, the descaling device of cathode tank is contacted with the electrolytic cathode electrode and placed in the electrolytic cathode tank device, and the conducting partition plate is mounted on one surface of the electrolytic cathode tank by means of supporting and fixing sealing device.
3. The electrolytic cathode of claim 1, wherein: the electrolytic cathode is made ofmetal material with certain strength and elasticity, the metal material of the electrolytic cathode is a thin metal pore plate, mesh or wire, the thin metal pore plate, mesh or wire is arranged on a static or running electrode conductive substrate matrix to form the electrolytic cathode, the metal material of the electrolytic cathode is iron, iron alloy or other metals, the electrolytic cathode has enough surface area, enough flow path and enough flow area, and the electrolytic cathode is a static or moving device and is elastically deformed through a transmission chain cable or a transmission connecting rod driven by a water power device or an electric power device.
4. The conductive separator plate of claim 1, wherein: the conductive clapboard is a cation selective membrane, or a permeable diaphragm, or an anticorrosive conductive material plate, and is arranged between the cathode tank and the anode tank through a supporting, fixing and sealing device to separate and separate the electrolytic anode tank from the electrolytic cathode tank.
5. A deposition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation device is a conventional sedimentation device connected with the water outlet of the electrolytic cathode tank and can operate under pressure.
6. An electrolytic anode cell electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electrolytic anode tank electrode is a conductive anti-corrosion electrode, and the material of the electrolytic anode tank electrode can be a titanium electrode or a graphite electrode plated with oxide or other anti-corrosion electrodes.
7. The conductive membrane support fixture seal of claim 1, wherein: the conductive diaphragm is supported and fixed on the sealingdevice and can be provided with a conductive and anti-corrosion descaling electrode, and the power supply of the electrode is controlled by a power supply switch.
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| CN2003201274877U CN2721617Y (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2003-12-01 | Water treater with electrolysis |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2003201274877U CN2721617Y (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2003-12-01 | Water treater with electrolysis |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103848482A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2014-06-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for processing landfill leachate through direct current electrooxidation by solar energy |
| CN104164779A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-26 | Seb公司 | Ironing appliance comprising a water-treatment device including a filter |
| CN107500387A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-22 | 淄博科邦节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of bellows recirculated water apparatus for eliminating sludge |
| CN110615507A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2019-12-27 | 章明歅 | Circulating cooling water treatment equipment and circulating cooling water treatment method |
| CN113200615A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-03 | 中科合成油内蒙古有限公司 | Method and system for electrochemically reducing hardness of wastewater |
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2003
- 2003-12-01 CN CN2003201274877U patent/CN2721617Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103848482A (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2014-06-11 | 沈阳工业大学 | Method for processing landfill leachate through direct current electrooxidation by solar energy |
| CN104164779A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-26 | Seb公司 | Ironing appliance comprising a water-treatment device including a filter |
| CN104164779B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2017-11-21 | Seb公司 | Include the ironing equipment of the water treatment facilities with filter |
| CN107500387A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2017-12-22 | 淄博科邦节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of bellows recirculated water apparatus for eliminating sludge |
| CN110615507A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2019-12-27 | 章明歅 | Circulating cooling water treatment equipment and circulating cooling water treatment method |
| CN113200615A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-03 | 中科合成油内蒙古有限公司 | Method and system for electrochemically reducing hardness of wastewater |
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