CN100494124C - Release-control chemical fertilizer and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Release-control chemical fertilizer and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100494124C CN100494124C CNB2007100573592A CN200710057359A CN100494124C CN 100494124 C CN100494124 C CN 100494124C CN B2007100573592 A CNB2007100573592 A CN B2007100573592A CN 200710057359 A CN200710057359 A CN 200710057359A CN 100494124 C CN100494124 C CN 100494124C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a controlled release fertilizer and preparing method, which comprises the following steps: grinding aged grain waste; adjusting; immersing straw into fertilizer solution; blending with oil waste according to regular proportion; making the product in the bulking machine and cooler. The invention changes the dynamic behavior of dispersion, which can control the release effectively.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to fertilizer and fertilizer manufacture field, particularly a kind of controlled release chemical fertilizer and manufacture method thereof of utilizing agriculture and industry waste.
[background technology]
This season utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer only has 30-35%, and phosphate fertilizer is 10-25%, and potash fertilizer is 35-50%, far below world developed country level.Investigation statistics shows: the annual COD (chemical oxygen demand) that flows in the ten big water systems of China has 1,445 ten thousand t, wherein 50% is derived from nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture, and closely half lake is in serious eutrophic state; The nitrogen that enters the Changjiang river, the Yellow River has 92% and 88% from agricultural.
Present both at home and abroad ubiquitous two subject matters of controlled release chemical fertilizer: 1. contaminate environment.As inorganics (as silicon, zeolite, metal-salt etc.), organic high molecular polymer (as polyacrylamide, the rubber etc.) life-time service of slow/controlled release material, infringement agricultural land soil normal configuration causes serious environmental to pollute; 2. cost an arm and a leg.On the world market controlled release chemical fertilizer be common urea 5-6 doubly, limited applying in grain-production.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention is intended to for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of controlled release chemical fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, this controlled release chemical fertilizer adopts the composite use of different encapsulating materials, release to chemical fertilizer effective constituent has selectivity, and encapsulating materials such as rotten grain in storage for years, stalk, oil foot are in soil under the action of microorganisms, become organic soil ulmin, help improving Soil structure.
The present invention discloses a kind of controlled release chemical fertilizer for achieving the above object, it is characterized in that it is by weight percentage by rotten grain in storage for years 15-25%, stalk 10-20%, and oil foot 2-5%, all the other chemical fertilizer are formed.
The present invention also discloses a kind of manufacture method of controlled release chemical fertilizer for achieving the above object, it is characterized in that said concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the rotten grain in storage for years that will remove impurity is pulverized, and crosses the 2-3mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(2) (1) screen underflow powder is sent into modifying device and carry out modifier treatment;
(3) will remove the crushed stalk of impurity, cross the 3-4mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(4) chemical fertilizer is dissolved in the water, become the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(5) (3) stalk screen underflow powder is put into (4) chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(6) the rotten grain in storage for years of (2) modifier treatment, (5) are immersed the straw powder material of chemical fertilizer aqueous solution and oil foot in proportion behind the mixing, send into bulking machine and carry out puffing;
(7) by water cooler cooling, fall wetly, make controlled release chemical fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) stalk is owing to have good adsorptivity, particularly by expanded formation three-dimensional framework structure, can significantly improve the slow release effect of chemical fertilizer as encapsulating material, and in soil under the action of microorganisms, become organic soil ulmin, solve the problem that the long-term application chemical fertilizer causes the hardening soil, become the complementary element of controlled availability fertilizer;
(2) by the composite use of different encapsulating materials (rotten grain in storage for years, stalk, oil foot), release to chemical fertilizer effective constituent has selectivity, the porosity of encapsulated membranes, thickness all can influence micromolecular resistance to mass transfer in the chemical fertilizer, and then change the dynamic behavior that spreads, reach the purpose of sustained release;
(3) after China applies, can make 1,392 ten thousand t/a chemical fertilizer no longer move up into groundwater resource, rivers,lakes and seas by oozing, can utilize rotten grain in storage for years 7,000,000 t/a, stalk 3,000,000 t/a, oil foot 600,000 t/a.
In addition, controlled release chemical fertilizer price of the present invention only is the 1/3-1/5 of the U.S., Japanese similar controlled release chemical fertilizer, biological degradation rate〉95%.Not only can fill up blank cheap, the high-quality controlled release chemical fertilizer,, and have competitiveness in the international market for growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income create conditions.
[embodiment]
The present invention will go bad grain in storage for years pulverize, modified, crushed stalk, spray the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution, sneak into oil foot, make controlled release chemical fertilizer by bulking machine.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) grain in storage for years that will go bad is removed impurity such as scraps, sandstone, sends into pulverizer and pulverizes, and crosses mesh＜3mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(2) (1) screen underflow powder is sent into modifying device, carry out modifier treatment;
(3) stalk is removed impurity such as scraps, sandstone, sent into pulverizer and pulverize, cross mesh＜4mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(4) chemical fertilizer is dissolved in the water of 1-2 times (weight), become the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(5) (3) stalk screen underflow powder is put into (4) chemical fertilizer aqueous solution, feed intake the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution (by chemical fertilizer weight) by weight: stalk=(80-65): (20-35), soak into behind the straw powder material standby;
(6) the rotten grain in storage for years of (a 2) modifier treatment, the straw powder material and the oil foot of (5) immersion chemical fertilizer aqueous solution are pressed (15-25): (83-70): (2-5) part by weight mixing, need deduct the water yield that adds in (4) operation when wherein the straw powder material meter of (5) immersion chemical fertilizer aqueous solution is heavy, send into bulking machine and carry out puffing;
(7) by water cooler cooling, fall wetly, make controlled release chemical fertilizer.
Described rotten grain in storage for years refers to be subjected in the storage process one or more in mycotoxin contamination or worm, mouse, mite evil erosive corn, wheat, Chinese sorghum or the rice etc.
Described stalk is one or more in straw, Wheat Straw, oat straw, corn stalk, beanstalk or the millet straw etc.
When described oil foot is system such as soybean, peanut, sunflower seeds or vegetable seed oil, the by product of washing and refining step.
Described chemical fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, saltpetre or the calcium superphosphate etc.
The pulverizer of rotten grain in storage for years of described pulverizing and stalk is pair roller type pulverizer or beater disintegrating machine.
The described modifying device that uses is conditioning shaft rotating speed 200-400r/min, feeds the cartridge type modifying device of pressure 0.2-0.4MPa, temperature 130-150 ℃ supersaturated vapor.
The described bulking machine that uses is twin-screw Bulking Machine or expander.
The described water cooler that uses is contraflow cooler or circular drying cooling device.
Embodiment 1
(1) the rotten Chinese sorghum of removing impurity is pulverized through beater disintegrating machine, the minus sieve material that sieves and get granularity＜3mm;
(2) (1) minus sieve material 150kg is sent into the cartridge type modifying device, conditioning shaft rotating speed 200r/min feeds pressure 0.4MPa, 150 ℃ of supersaturated vapors of temperature, modifier treatment 20s;
(3) corn stalk of removing impurity is pulverized the minus sieve material that sieves and get granularity＜4mm through the pair roller type pulverizer;
(4) urea 730kg is dissolved in the 1000kg water, makes the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(5) immerse in the 1730kg chemical fertilizer aqueous solution 100kg (3) stalk screen underflow powder standby;
(6) (2) modifier treatment powder 150kg, (5) item were soaked the straw powder material 1830kg (wherein 1000kg is a water) and the oil foot 20kg mixing of the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution, entered the expander puffing;
(7) by contraflow cooler cooling, fall wetly, make controlled release chemical fertilizer.
The product leading indicator: total nitrogen (N) content 〉=35.0%, Biuret Content≤1.0%, quality product reaches the index of the slow release fertilizer ad hoc working group check of European Committee for Standardization.
Embodiment 2
(1) the rotten corn of removing impurity is pulverized through beater disintegrating machine, the minus sieve material that sieves and get granularity＜3mm;
(2) (1) minus sieve material 160kg is sent into the cartridge type modifying device, feed pressure 0.3MPa, 140 ℃ of supersaturated vapors of temperature, modifier treatment 15s;
(3) straw of removing impurity is pulverized the minus sieve material that sieves and get granularity＜4mm through the pair roller type pulverizer;
(4) calcium superphosphate 700kg is dissolved in the 1000kg water, makes the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(5) immerse in the 1700kg chemical fertilizer aqueous solution 120kg (3) stalk screen underflow powder standby;
(6) (2) modifier treatment powder 160kg, (5) item were soaked the straw powder material 1820kg (wherein 1000kg is a water) and the oil foot 20kg mixing of the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution, and sent into twin-screw Bulking Machine and carry out puffing;
(7) by the cooling of circular drying cooling device, fall wetly, make controlled release chemical fertilizer.
Product leading indicator: effective Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P
2O
5) 〉=10.0%, free acid is (with P
2O
5Meter)≤5.0%, quality product reaches the index of the slow release fertilizer ad hoc working group check of European Committee for Standardization.
Claims (8)
1. the manufacture method of a controlled release chemical fertilizer is characterized in that controlled release chemical fertilizer by weight percentage by rotten grain in storage for years 15-25%, stalk 10-20%, and oil foot 2-5%, all the other chemical fertilizer are formed, and said manufacture method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the rotten grain in storage for years that will remove impurity is pulverized, and crosses the 2-3mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(2) the screen underflow powder of step (1) is sent into modifying device and carry out modifier treatment; The described modifying device that uses is conditioning shaft rotating speed 200-400r/min, feeds the cartridge type modifying device of pressure 0.2-0.4MPa, temperature 130-150 ℃ supersaturated vapor;
(3) will remove the crushed stalk of impurity, cross the 3-4mm sieve, the extracting screen underflow powder;
(4) chemical fertilizer is dissolved in the water, become the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution;
(5) the stalk screen underflow powder of step (3) is put into the chemical fertilizer aqueous solution of step (4);
(6),, send into bulking machine and carry out puffing with the straw powder material of the immersion chemical fertilizer aqueous solution of step (5) and oil foot in proportion behind the mixing with the rotten grain in storage for years through modifier treatment of step (2);
(7) by water cooler cooling, fall wetly, make controlled release chemical fertilizer.
2 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said rotten grain in storage for years is to be subjected in mycotoxin contamination or worm, mouse, mite evil erosive corn, wheat, Chinese sorghum or the rice one or more in the storage process.
3 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said stalk is one or more in straw, Wheat Straw, oat straw, corn stalk, beanstalk or the millet straw.
4 in accordance with the method for claim 1, when it is characterized in that said oil foot is soybean, peanut, sunflower seeds or vegetable seed system oil, and the by product of washing and refining step.
5 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said chemical fertilizer is one or more in urea, ammonium phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, saltpetre or the calcium superphosphate.
6 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said pulverizer is pair roller type pulverizer or beater disintegrating machine.
7 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said bulking machine is twin-screw Bulking Machine or expander.
8 in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that said water cooler is contraflow cooler or circular drying cooling device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100573592A CN100494124C (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2007-05-18 | Release-control chemical fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100573592A CN100494124C (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2007-05-18 | Release-control chemical fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101058518A CN101058518A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| CN100494124C true CN100494124C (en) | 2009-06-03 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100573592A Expired - Fee Related CN100494124C (en) | 2007-05-18 | 2007-05-18 | Release-control chemical fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN100494124C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050668B (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2013-03-20 | 曹丹 | Fertilizer for promoting plant growth and preparation method thereof |
| CN102070376B (en) * | 2011-01-07 | 2013-09-11 | 六安亿牛生物科技有限公司 | Loss-control organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107141127A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-08 | 宿州市逢源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that application puffing technique prepares degrading slow release urea fertilizer |
| CN107640990A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-30 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of slow-release compound fertilizer of maize straw shaping and preparation method thereof |
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2007
- 2007-05-18 CN CNB2007100573592A patent/CN100494124C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101058518A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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Granted publication date: 20090603 Termination date: 20130518 |