CN100480607C - 满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器 - Google Patents

满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器 Download PDF

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CN100480607C
CN100480607C CNB2005101102022A CN200510110202A CN100480607C CN 100480607 C CN100480607 C CN 100480607C CN B2005101102022 A CNB2005101102022 A CN B2005101102022A CN 200510110202 A CN200510110202 A CN 200510110202A CN 100480607 C CN100480607 C CN 100480607C
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heat exchanger
liquid
liquid reserve
reserve tank
tank
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CN1766512A (zh
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刘振华
秋雨豪
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F28D7/1653Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0017Flooded core heat exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/182Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing especially adapted for evaporator or condenser surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器,采用滚压强化管束来提高蒸发换热效率。蒸发换热器主要由供液器、储液箱以及储液箱中布设的管束组成。供液器从储液箱的上部连通储液箱,蒸汽出口设置在储液箱的上部,出液口设置在储液箱的下部,储液箱内部排列的管束浸没在液体中。储液箱中的管束为滚压强化管束,采用的管子外径为18mm,内径为12mm,在整个管子表面经滚压加工形成一个个锥形槽,锥形槽底面直径为0.4mm,锥形槽的槽深为0.6mm,锥形槽之间的间距为0.7mm。本发明结构紧凑,滚压强化管的加工制作简单,基本上不增加管束的加工成本,而且可以在低温差的条件下发生强烈的沸腾现象,从而使得换热性能大大提高。

Description

满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种换热器,尤其涉及一种满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器。该蒸发换热器采用滚压强化管来代替普通蒸发换热器的光滑管,可以有效地提高蒸发换热效率。
背景技术
如何降低能量和资源的消耗一直是生产与应用工程领域的一项重大课题。在很多热工和化工的换热工艺过程中,降低能耗的一种有效方法就是在过程的进行当中,减小系统运行的驱动温差。
工业中最常用的一种热交换设备就是蒸发换热器,而如何提高蒸发换热器的换热效率则一直是设计人员研究的一项重要的课题。目前,工业中用到的蒸发换热器主要有两大类,一类是降膜型蒸发换热器,另一类是满液型蒸发换热器。在海水淡化设备、太阳能吸收式冷却器、化工设备中,这两种类型的换热器都很常用。
降膜型蒸发换热器主要用在一些利用低品质热量的换热设备中。降膜型蒸发换热器的主要结构包括供液器、管束、储液箱和循环系统四个部分。工作时,液体从供液器流经管束,在其表面换热之后进入储液箱,然后再流入供液器循环使用。该类型换热器的特点是:在管外的工质流量小、管壁和工质之间的温差较小的情况下,其换热系数却很大;而且,工质流量和热负荷的变化对换热系数的影响很小,运行工况相当稳定。但是,该种类型换热器需要一套复杂的供液装置,而且,为了保证流体能够在管束之间流动,管与管之间的间距必须足够大,这就使得整个换热器的体积增大。
与降膜型蒸发换热器相对的另外一种类型的蒸发换热器为满液型蒸发换热器。满液型蒸发换热器主要应用于高热量、高过热度的情况。它的基本的形式就是水平管束全部放置在饱和液体中。与降膜型蒸发换热器相比,满液型蒸发换热器的结构要简单得多。然而,为了使受热表面能产生沸腾换热,该型换热器所需要的温差比较大。在一些利用低品质热量的海水淡化设备和换热器当中,由于壁面温度以及热流量都很低,所以在传热管表面不会产生沸腾,因此换热效率很低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对以上现有技术的不足,提供一种新式满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器,该换热器能在低温差的条件下发生强烈的沸腾现象,从而提高换热性能。并且,该滚压强化管加工制作简单。
为实现这样一种目的,本发明采用一种特殊的滚压管来提高蒸发换热性能。蒸发换热器主要由供液器,储液箱以及箱中布设的管束组成。供液器从储液箱的上部连通储液箱,蒸汽出口设置在储液箱的上部,出液口设置在储液箱的下部,储液箱内部排列的管束浸没在流体中。本发明的结构特征主要在于管束中采用的滚压强化管。该滚压强化管采用普通的车床加工,管子的外径为18mm,内径为12mm,在整个管子表面形成一个个锥形槽。滚压后,形成的锥形槽底面直径为0.4mm,锥形槽的槽深为0.6mm,锥形槽之间的间距为0.7mm。
运行时,管束整个浸没在冷流体中,热流体从管子中间流过。根据沸腾强化传热机理,管束中采用这样的滚压强化管,容易在管子表面的锥形槽内的小空间产生沸腾换热以及气液两相流扰动两种强化换热。所以,满液型蒸发换热器依然能够在低壁温、低热流密度条件下(热流密度范围约在103~105kW/m2之间)产生沸腾传热现象,从而大大强化了换热性能。换热性能的增加进一步使得蒸发换热器的体积减小,结构变得更加紧凑。实验表明,这种新式满液型滚压强化管束的蒸发换热器对于水和氟利昂这两种工质,都能有效地增加蒸发换热效率,其换热效率比普通蒸发换热器提高1~2倍。
本发明的蒸发换热器结构紧凑,滚压强化管的加工制作简单,基本上不增加管束的加工成本,而且可以在低温差的条件下发生强烈的沸腾现象,从而使得换热性能大大提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明蒸发换热器的结构示意图。
图1中,1为蒸汽出口,2为供液器,3为流体,4为滚压强化管束,5为储液箱,6为出液口。
图2为本发明中滚压强化管表面结构的示意图。
图2中,a为滚压强化管表面锥形槽的分布照片,b为滚压强化管的剖面图,给出了管径尺寸,c为滚压强化管锥形槽结构尺寸的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述。
本发明蒸发换热器结构如图1、图2所示,主要由供液器2,储液箱5、箱中布设的滚压强化管束4组成,供液器2从储液箱5的上部连通储液箱5,蒸汽出口1设置在储液箱5的上部,出液口6设置在储液箱5的下部,储液箱5内部排列的滚压强化管束4浸没在流体3中。
本发明蒸发换热器中的结构特征主要在于所采用的滚压强化管束4,图2给出了滚压强化管子的结构图。如图2b所示,该滚压强化管的外径为18mm,内径为12mm,采用普通的车床加工,在整个管子表面形成一个个锥形槽。滚压后,形成的锥形槽如图2c所示,锥形槽底面直径为0.4mm,锥形槽的槽深为0.6mm,锥形槽之间的间距为0.7mm。滚压强化管表面锥形槽的分布照片如图2a所示,在约5mm的间距内均匀分布7个锥形槽。
在本发明的实施例中,滚压强化管束4中所有管子的外径均为18mm。整个管束浸没在液体之中。在热流密度为103kW/m2之时,该实施例的换热器较之普通的满液型蒸发换热器,换热系数可以增加1~2倍。

Claims (1)

1、一种满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器,由供液器(2),储液箱(5)及储液箱中布设的管束(4)组成,供液器(2)从储液箱(5)的上部连通储液箱(5),蒸汽出口(1)设置在储液箱(5)的上部,出液口(6)设置在储液箱(5)的下部,储液箱(5)内部的管束(4)浸没在流体(3)中,其特征在于所述管束(4)为滚压强化管束(4),滚压强化管束(4)中所采用管子的外径为18mm,内径为12mm,在整个管子表面经滚压加工形成一个个锥形槽,锥形槽底面直径为0.4mm,锥形槽的槽深为0.6mm,锥形槽之间的间距为0.7mm。
CNB2005101102022A 2005-11-10 2005-11-10 满液型滚压强化管束蒸发换热器 Expired - Fee Related CN100480607C (zh)

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CN101281002B (zh) * 2008-01-08 2011-04-27 王全龄 高效满液式耦合换热器
CN102022946A (zh) * 2010-12-17 2011-04-20 张家港市华菱化工机械有限公司 一种新型换热器配置方法

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