CN100478450C - Method for hydrolyzing, separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide using enzyme method - Google Patents
Method for hydrolyzing, separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide using enzyme method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100478450C CN100478450C CNB2006101664293A CN200610166429A CN100478450C CN 100478450 C CN100478450 C CN 100478450C CN B2006101664293 A CNB2006101664293 A CN B2006101664293A CN 200610166429 A CN200610166429 A CN 200610166429A CN 100478450 C CN100478450 C CN 100478450C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a making method of rice starch and rice peptide hydrolyzed and separated through enzyme method in the food technical domain, which comprises the following steps: adopting rice as raw material; cleaning; immersing; beating; insulating under 40-60 deg. c; adjusting pH value to acid; adding cellulose enzyme to react for 1-2h; adjusting pH value to 8. 0-12. 0; adding proteinase to do enzymatical hydrolytic reaction; centrifuging; separating; evaporating supernatant rotatably; cleaning the sediment; drying the condensate; obtaining the product with natural starch quality and biological activity.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method with enzymatic hydrolysis separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide the present invention relates to use the technology that the protease hydrolysis rice protein separates Starch rice and rice protein (peptide), belongs to the Food technology field.
Background technology
As one of food three big nutritive ingredients, starch is except that together being eaten with food mainly as energy source, and high purity starch that industrial separation obtains and derivative thereof also are widely used in every field such as food, weaving, papermaking, medicine, the energy because of its excellent functional property.At present, the main raw material of starch producing is corn, wheat and potato, and the output of Starch rice is extremely small, but this can not cover its importance in field of food.With respect to other starch such as corn, wheat and potatos, Starch rice has special functional propertys such as particle is little, color in vain, does not contain flavour substances, easy digestion.This makes it become rather eye-catching a member in the starch family.But because the price comparison costliness of Starch rice makes it produce utilization and has been subjected to certain restriction.Along with growth in the living standard, people will constantly rise to the pursuit of high-quality food, high price can not be blocked the desire to purchase of people to high-quality food, the sales volume of Starch rice on whole starch market rises year by year at present, and the production of Starch rice also receives the concern of scientist and manufacturers.
The isolating method of starch is different different because of raw material, and the committed step in corn and the wheat starch processing is the separation of mucedin, the then main method that adopts screening of tapioca (flour) processing.Along with science and technology and manufacturing progress, the production technique of these committed steps is maked rapid progress, and the separation method of mucedin develops into cyclonic separation by initial shaking table separation.Yet because the main component of rice is starch and protein, account for 74.2%～77.6%, 6.7%～8.3% respectively, compare with wheat starch with corn, starch in the rice and protein bound are very tight, in addition, little particle makes Starch rice be difficult to be sunken in the water, this has also increased the difficulty of separation and purifying, so do not occur the progress of novelty in the past 60 years of the separation method of Starch rice, until today, the suitability for industrialized production of Starch rice still adopts the technology of basic hydrolysis protein bound centrifugation.Though this method can effectively be isolated highly purified Starch rice and protein, but the unordered degraded of protein molecular and a large amount of salinities of being introduced by acid neutralization cause isolating protein product to eat on the one hand in the alkali lye treating processes, have also increased the cost of wastewater treatment and discharging on the other hand.In addition, the hydrolysis of strong alkaline condition lower section starch molecule causes the character of rice starch granule to change, and makes the original quality heterosis of Starch rice also have a greatly reduced quality.
It is to utilize degraded and the modification of proteolytic enzyme to rice protein that enzymatic hydrolysis separates, and makes it become the peptide of solubility and is extracted, and realizes that starch separates with proteic.The major advantage of this method is original quality that the Starch rice of preparation can keep native starch; Solvability, emulsifying property, the lathering property of the rice protein that hydrolysis generates are significantly improved, therefore can be widely used in industries such as food and healthcare products, the polypeptide that contains in the protein zymolyte has kept original biological activity, can be used as the raw material of biologically active peptides research.But at present enzymatic hydrolysis prepares the processing condition of Starch rice and immature, exists long reaction time, cost height, separates problems such as the purity of the Starch rice that obtains is not high.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of enzyme process separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide, be improvement and development to existing enzyme process separation and Extraction Starch rice technology, under the prerequisite that keeps Enzymatic Extraction Starch rice technological merit, reduced the cost of used proteolytic enzyme.
Technical scheme of the present invention: with the rice is raw material, through cleaning, soak, making beating, insulation, transferring pH to add cellulase hydrolysis, transfer pH to 8.0～12.0 to add protease hydrolysis, centrifugation, rotary evaporation, centrifugal sediment and evaporation concentration thing to make Starch rice and rice peptide after the drying respectively to acidity.Concrete technology is:
1. soak: with the rice is raw material, and the water that cleans 5 times of volumes of back adding rice raw material weight at room temperature soaked 18 hours;
2. making beating: select for use tissue mashing machine to pull an oar at a high speed, the time length of at every turn pulling an oar is 1 minute, totally 4 times.
3. add cellulase hydrolysis: temperature of reaction is 40 ℃～60 ℃, and initial pH is transferred to acidity, and enzyme concentration is 1%～4% of a rice raw material weight, reacts 1～2 hour.
4. add protease hydrolysis: the pH with reaction system transferred to 8.0～10.0 then, adds the Protease N neutral protease of rice raw material weight 0.3%～1.0%, 40 ℃～60 ℃ reactions 2～8 hours; Or the pH of reaction system transferred to 9.0～12.0, add the Alcalase Sumizyme MP of rice raw material weight 1.0%～3.0%, 40 ℃～60 ℃ reactions 2～8 hours.
5. centrifugation: 8000 rev/mins, centrifugal 10 minutes, obtain throw out and supernatant liquor; Throw out carries out 3～4 centrifugal washings, and is neutral to the pH value of water lotion.
6. rotary evaporation: centrifugal back supernatant liquor, temperature is controlled at about 50 ℃ and is rotated evaporation, the evaporation concentration thing.
7. dry: throw out after the washing and the enriched material behind the rotary evaporation get Starch rice and rice peptide after the drying respectively.
The proteolytic enzyme that the present invention uses is to screen one by one from numerous proteolytic enzyme.Screening is carried out under the suitableeest action condition of all kinds of proteolytic enzyme.Selected proteolytic enzyme comprises Alcalase Sumizyme MP, ProteaseN, AS1.398, Neutrase neutral protease, Protamex, Flavourzyme, fungal proteinase and GC710 com gluten protein enzyme.Therefrom filter out Alcalase Sumizyme MP or Protease N neutral protease, be respectively 0.8%, 1.1% with the protein content in their hydrolysis gained Starch rices.Carry out the nature hydrolysis with these two kinds of proteolytic enzyme cellulose-binding enzymes again, the protein content in the Starch rice that finally obtains is about 0.5%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: can realize Starch rice and proteinic recycling simultaneously.Proteolytic enzyme has degraded and modification to rice protein, can make rice protein become the peptide of solubility and is extracted, and realizes that Starch rice separates with proteic.Cellulase can so more help the stripping of rice protein with another main component cellulose hydrolysis in the rice molecule, and the wide material sources of cellulase, and is cheap, therefore cellulase and proteolytic enzyme is used in combination.The optimum pH of cellulase effect is acid.
The Starch rice of preparation can keep original quality of native starch; The rice peptide that contains in the protein zymolyte has kept original biological activity, can be used as the raw material of biologically active peptides research, and rice peptide has antioxygenation and decreasing cholesterol effect; Natural hydrolysis under the higher pH can not introduced a lot of salinities, need not carry out desalination.The present invention is guaranteeing under the highly purified prerequisite of Starch rice by to used proteolytic enzyme breed selection and parameters Optimization, has shortened the time of reaction, has reduced the cost of used proteolytic enzyme.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The 50g rice cleans the back and adds 250ml water, at room temperature soaks 18 hours, with high-speed tissue mashing machine's making beating, each 1min, totally 4 times, the slurry insulation is at 45 ℃, pH is transferred to 5, add cellulase 0.5g reaction 2 hours, the pH with reaction system after 2 hours transfers to 9, adding Protease N neutral protease 0.5g reacted 6 hours again, reaction finishes the back centrifugation, after throw out is repeatedly washed, and the dry Starch rice 35g～38g that gets.The dry rice peptide 2 .5～2.8g of getting of the enriched material of supernatant liquor part after being rotated evaporation, evaporation about 50 ℃ of centrifugation.
Embodiment 2
The proteolytic enzyme that adds during protease hydrolysis is the Alcalase Sumizyme MP, and pH transfers to 9.5, enzyme concentration 0.5g, and all the other steps are with embodiment 1.Make Starch rice and rice bioactive peptide respectively.
Embodiment 3
The 50g rice cleans the back and adds 250ml water, at room temperature soaks 18 hours, with high-speed tissue mashing machine's making beating, each 1min, totally 4 times, the slurry insulation is at 40～60 ℃, pH is transferred to 5, add cellulase 0.5g～2g and reacted 1～2 hour, the pH with reaction system after 1～2 hour transfers to 8.0～10.0, adding ProteaseN neutral protease 0.15g～0.5g reacted 2～8 hours again, reaction finishes the back centrifugation, after throw out is repeatedly washed, and the dry Starch rice that gets.The dry rice bioactive peptide that gets of the enriched material of supernatant liquor part after being rotated evaporation, evaporation about 50 ℃ of centrifugation.
Embodiment 4
The proteolytic enzyme that adds during protease hydrolysis is the Alcalase Sumizyme MP, and pH transfers to 9.0～12.0, enzyme concentration 0.5g～1.5g, and all the other steps are with embodiment 3.Make Starch rice and rice bioactive peptide respectively.
The character of the Starch rice of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 preparations is measured.Comprise protein content in the Starch rice, the starch content in the Starch rice, the gelatinization character of Starch rice, the size of rice starch granule, the breakage rate of rice starch granule; Table 1 has been listed the character of the Starch rice for preparing under embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 conditions and the comparison of ative starch character.
The particle diameter of starch obviously reduces after enzyme process separates, and this is because proteolytic enzyme and cellulase can have been removed the influence of macromole to the starch particle diameter with most of protein and cellulose hydrolysis in the rice molecule.Research process of the present invention has adopted the AR-1000 rheometer measurement and has separated the gelatinization process curve of the Starch rice of preparation through enzyme process, has drawn the starting temperature and the peak temperature of starch pasting.The gelatinization starting temperature of the isolating Starch rice of enzyme process and peak temperature and ative starch are approaching, the peak temperature viscosity of the Starch rice that protease N neutral proteinase hydrolysis obtains and whole viscosity and former Starch rice basically identical; Enzymatic hydrolysis only has slight damage to starch granules, and recording its breakage rate is 1.85%.
The comparison of the Starch rice of table 1 enzymatic hydrolysis and ative starch character
D (0.1): after starch granules distributed from small to large, volume reached the particle diameter of 10% o'clock maximum.
D (0.5): after starch granules distributed from small to large, volume reached the particle diameter of 50% o'clock maximum.
D (0.9): after starch granules distributed from small to large, volume reached the particle diameter of 90% o'clock maximum.
T
o, T
pBe respectively the starting temperature and the peak temperature of starch pasting.
V
p, V
fThe peak temperature viscosity and the final viscosity of difference starch pasting.
Claims (1)
1. method with enzymatic hydrolysis separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide, it is characterized in that with the rice being raw material, through cleaning, soak, making beating, insulation, transferring pH to add cellulase hydrolysis, transfer pH to 8.0～12.0 to add protease hydrolysis, centrifugation, rotary evaporation, centrifugal sediment and evaporation concentration thing to make Starch rice and rice peptide after the drying respectively to acidity; Technology is:
(1) soak: with the rice is raw material, and the water that cleans 5 times of volumes of back adding rice raw material weight at room temperature soaked 18 hours;
(2) making beating: pull an oar at a high speed with tissue mashing machine, the time length of at every turn pulling an oar is 1 minute, totally 4 times;
(3) add cellulase hydrolysis: temperature of reaction is 40 ℃～60 ℃, and initial pH is transferred to acidity, and enzyme concentration is 1%～4% of a rice raw material weight, reacts 1-2 hour;
(4) add protease hydrolysis: the pH with reaction system transferred to 8.0～10.0 then, adds the Protease N neutral protease of rice raw material weight 0.3%～1.0%, 40 ℃～60 ℃ reactions 2～8 hours; Or the pH of reaction system transferred to 9.0～12.0, add the Alcalase Sumizyme MP of rice raw material weight 1.0%～3.0%, 40 ℃～60 ℃ reactions 2～8 hours;
(5) centrifugation: 8000 rev/mins, centrifugal 10 minutes, obtain throw out and supernatant liquor; Throw out carries out 3～4 centrifugal washings, and is neutral to the pH value of water lotion;
(6) rotary evaporation: from the centrifugal back supernatant liquor of step (5), temperature is controlled at 50 ℃ and is rotated evaporation, gets the evaporation concentration thing;
(7) drying: throw out after the washing and the enriched material behind the rotary evaporation get Starch rice and rice peptide after the drying respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101664293A CN100478450C (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Method for hydrolyzing, separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide using enzyme method |
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| CNB2006101664293A CN100478450C (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2006-12-15 | Method for hydrolyzing, separating and preparing rice starch and rice peptide using enzyme method |
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| CN100478450C true CN100478450C (en) | 2009-04-15 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102180980B (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-09-05 | 江南大学 | Method for producing rice starch by adopting enzyme method and product obtained by using method |
| CN104812907A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-07-29 | 诺维信公司 | Milling process |
| CA2891992A1 (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-06-05 | Novozymes A/S | Milling process |
| CN103392902B (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 华南理工大学 | Method for preparing strong antioxidative peptide by using peanut meal |
| CN105410632A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 河南工业大学 | Enzymolysis, phosphorylation and heat treatment method for corn flour |
| CN107772142A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 海盐县金利达饲料有限公司 | A kind of feed grade fermentation rice meal rich in neutral proteinase and preparation method thereof |
| CN107439786A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-08 | 江西省农业科学院 | One kind is cracked rice the quick extracting technology of albumen powder |
| CN108084280A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-29 | 颍上县郑氏米业有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of starch of rice |
| CN108271978A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-13 | 安徽金太阳食品有限公司 | A kind of health drink made using rice |
| CN108244328A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-06 | 安徽金太阳食品有限公司 | A kind of processing method of method of rice protein hydrolysate powder |
| CN108477376A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-04 | 武汉佳阳绿昶食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of selenium-rich and zinc-rich protein peptides |
| CN109232997A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-18 | 东北农业大学 | A method of oxidation-resistant film is prepared using rice starch |
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