CN100473867C - 多速行星动力传动装置 - Google Patents

多速行星动力传动装置 Download PDF

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CN100473867C
CN100473867C CNB200610100183XA CN200610100183A CN100473867C CN 100473867 C CN100473867 C CN 100473867C CN B200610100183X A CNB200610100183X A CN B200610100183XA CN 200610100183 A CN200610100183 A CN 200610100183A CN 100473867 C CN100473867 C CN 100473867C
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M·安德雷斯
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/666—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with compound planetary gear units, e.g. two intermeshing orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0065—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising nine forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/202—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set
    • F16H2200/2025—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the type of Ravigneaux set using a Ravigneaux set with 5 connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2048—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with seven engaging means

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Abstract

一种用于动力系中的动力传动装置，具有输入轴、输出轴、输入行星齿轮组和输出行星齿轮组。该行星齿轮组通过七个转矩传送机构的选择性啮合来控制，其中三个是旋转型转矩传送机构，而其中四个是静止性转矩传送机构。通过该转矩传送机构以三个为组合的选择性啮合，组合该输入行星齿轮组和输出行星齿轮组以在该输入轴和输出轴之间形成八个前进速度比。

Description

多速行星动力传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及动力传动装置，尤其是涉及多速行星型动力传动装置。
背景技术
行星动力传动装置用于客车和商用车应用中。这些车辆中的动力系一般包括发动机、多速传动装置和输出机构或差速器。
过去的客车一般使用中间轴(countershaft)或同步型传动装置，用于在输入和输出之间提供各种速度。现在，在车辆动力系中同时应用了中间轴型传动装置和行星齿轮型传动装置。在行星齿轮型传动装置中，通过多个转矩传送机构，通常称为离合器和制动器，用于形成传动装置输入和传动装置输出之间的多个速度比，从而控制两个或多个齿轮组。
该行星齿轮传动装置开始是作为二速传动装置，后来发展成为三速、四速和五速型传动装置。现在，有多种已为公众所知的五速传动装置单元，以及六速传动装置单元。一个特定的五速传动装置参见于1992年4月21日授予Lepelletier的美国专利5106352号。该Lepelletier传动装置结合了输入齿轮机构或比率控制组以及输出行星齿轮组，其提供了多个速度比。该Lepelletier原理以三个旋转型或离合器和两个静止型或制动器的形式应用了五转矩传送机构。
最近很希望能够在行星齿轮传动装置中结合六前进速度比，从而提高客车的整体性能和经济节约。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种改进的多速行星动力传动装置，提供至少八个前进速度比和一个倒退速度比。
在本发明的一个方面，该结合行星齿轮装置的动力系具有输入行星齿轮组和输出行星齿轮组。
在本发明的另一方面，该输入行星齿轮组可操作地在许多前进齿轮比和倒退操作期间提供低档(underdrive)输入。
在本发明的另一方面，该输出行星齿轮组是一个复合双行星齿轮组，具有两个太阳齿轮、两个环形齿轮和行星齿轮架组件，该行星齿轮架组件具有与该太阳齿轮和环形齿轮互连的多个行星小齿轮。
在本发明的另一方面，该行星小齿轮包括多个长行星小齿轮和两组短行星小齿轮，其中该长小齿轮啮合在一个太阳齿轮和一个环形齿轮之间，一组短小齿轮啮合在该长行星小齿轮和另一环形齿轮之间，而另一组短小齿轮啮合在该长行星小齿轮和另一太阳齿轮之间。
在本发明的另一方面，提供七个可选择性啮合的转矩传送机构以在该行星齿轮传动装置的输入轴和输出轴之间形成多个比率。
在本发明的另一方面，该转矩传送机构之一有效地形成该输入行星齿轮传动装置的减少传动输出。
在本发明的另一方面，该转矩传送机构中的三个是旋转型转矩传送机构或离合器，而该转矩传送机构中的四个是静止型转矩传送机构或制动器。
在本发明的另一方面，该静止转矩传送机构中的三个可操作地控制该输出行星齿轮组的三个元件的旋转，而该旋转转矩传送机构中的三个可操作地控制该输出行星齿轮组的输入传动。
在本发明的另一方面，该转矩传送机构以三个为一组啮合，从而在该行星齿轮传动装置的输入轴和输出轴之间形成九个前进速度比。
附图说明
图1是具有结合本发明的行星动力传动装置的动力系的示意性表示。
图2是描述了可以通过图1所示传动装置操作的转矩传送机构的啮合序列的图表。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的动力系10包括发动机12、行星齿轮组14和输出机构或差速器16。行星齿轮组14具有输入轴18、输出行星齿轮组PG1、输入行星齿轮组PG3、输出轴20、和七个转矩传送机构A、B、C、D、E、F和G。
转矩传送机构A、B和C是旋转型转矩传送机构或离合器，而转矩传送机构D、E、F和G是静止型转矩传送机构或制动器。转矩传送机构D、E、F和G中的每个具有连接到静止元件22的部件，该静止元件22可以是传动装置外壳。
输出行星齿轮组PG1具有两个太阳齿轮S1、S2，两个环形齿轮R1、R2，和行星齿轮架组件PC1。行星齿轮架组件PC1包括行星齿轮架CR1，其上可旋转地安装有多个长小齿轮LP1、多个第一短小齿轮P1和多个第二短小齿轮P2.短小齿轮P1与太阳齿轮S1以及相应的长小齿轮LP1啮合，长小齿轮LP1与环形齿轮R1和太阳齿轮S2啮合，多个短小齿轮P2与长小齿轮LP1和环形齿轮R2中相应的一个啮合。环形齿轮R1连续地与输出轴20相连接。
输入行星齿轮组PG3具有太阳齿轮元件S3、环形齿轮元件R3和行星齿轮架组件PC3.行星齿轮架组件PC3具有行星齿轮架CR3，其上可旋转地安装由多个行星小齿轮P3，其与太阳齿轮S3和环形齿轮R3啮合。输入行星齿轮组PG3是简单的行星齿轮组，并且输出行星齿轮组PG1是以Ravigneaux型行星齿轮组形式构成的复杂双行星齿轮组。
环形齿轮元件R3与输入轴18连续传动连接，输入轴18通过常规的曲轴减振器24与发动机12连续连接。太阳齿轮元件S3可操作地与转矩传送机构G连接。输入轴18和环形齿轮元件R3都可操作地与转矩传送机构C3相连接，其也可操作地与行星齿轮架CR1连接。行星齿轮架CR3可操作地与转矩传送机构A和B连接，其相应地分别可操作地与太阳齿轮元件S1和S2相连接。转矩传送机构D可操作地与太阳齿轮元件S2连接。转矩传送机构E可操作地与行星齿轮架CR1相连接。转矩传送机构F可操作地与环形齿轮元件R2相连接。
当转矩传送机构G被啮合时，太阳齿轮元件S3是静止的。当转矩传送机构C被啮合时，输入轴18和环形齿轮元件R3与行星齿轮架CR1相连接。当转矩传送机构A被啮合时，行星齿轮架CR3与太阳齿轮元件S1相连接.当转矩传送机构B被啮合时，行星齿轮架CR3与太阳齿轮元件S2相连接。当转矩传送机构D、E和F分别被啮合时，太阳齿轮元件S3、行星齿轮架CR1和环形齿轮元件R2分别被选择性地保持静止。
图2所示的图表描述了用于转矩传送机构A、B、C、D、E、F和G的选择性啮合和啮合表，以提供一个倒退传动比和九个前进传动比。当转矩传送机构C被啮合时，行星齿轮架CR1将以与发动机12相同的速度旋转。当转矩传送机构A和B被啮合时，太阳齿轮元件S1和S2将分别以与行星齿轮架CR3相同的速度比旋转。当转矩传送机构G被啮合时，行星齿轮架CR3以减少的速度相对于输入轴18旋转。因而，太阳齿轮元件S1和S2能够具有与其连接的减少的速度输入。
可以理解，转矩传送机构G仅在控制输入行星齿轮组PG3的太阳齿轮元件S3时有效。其余的转矩传送机构对于控制输出行星齿轮组PG1的部件有效，从而影响在行星齿轮组PG1中产生的速度比。
转矩传送机构以三个为组合而啮合，以产生九个前进传动比和一个倒退比。传动装置14还可操作地产生少于九个的前进比，并且在一些情况下会更希望是八速传动装置。转矩传送机构G被啮合以用于该倒退比和八个前进比。转矩传送机构A被啮合以用于六个相继前进比，转矩传送机构C被啮合以用于五个相继前进比。
比率交替都是单一转换交替。也就是说，同时仅有一个转矩传送机构被啮合以及仅有一个转矩传送机构被分离。所有的转矩传送机构被啮合以用于至少两个速度比。如果采用七速传动装置，则可以省略转矩传送机构F(前进比2和9)或转矩传送机构D(前进比3和8)。该比率交替将保持单一转换交替。

Claims (5)

1.一种多速动力传动装置，包括：
输入轴；
输出轴；
具有第一、第二和第三元件的输入行星齿轮组，其中所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第一元件是太阳齿轮，所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第二元件是环形齿轮，所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第三元件是行星齿轮架组件，所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第二元件连续地与所述输入轴连接；
具有第一、第二、第三、第四和第五元件的输出行星齿轮组，其中所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第一元件是第一太阳齿轮，所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第二元件是第二太阳齿轮，所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第三元件是第一环形齿轮，所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第四元件是第二环形齿轮，所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第五元件是行星齿轮架组件；
可以选择性啮合的第一转矩传送机构，将所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第三元件与所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第一元件互连；
第二转矩传送机构，选择性地将所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第三元件与所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第二元件互连；
第三转矩传送机构，可以选择性啮合在所述输入轴和所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第五元件之间；
第四转矩传送机构，可以选择性地啮合以将所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第二元件与静止外壳相连接；
第五转矩传送机构，可以选择性地啮合以将所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第五元件与所述静止外壳相连接；
第六转矩传送机构，可以选择性地啮合以将所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第四元件与所述静止外壳相连接；
第七转矩传送机构，可以选择性地啮合以将所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第一元件与所述静止外壳相连接；
所述输出行星齿轮组的所述第三元件与所述输出轴连续互连；
所述转矩传送机构以三个为组合的形式选择性地啮合，以在所述多速动力传动装置的所述输入轴和所述输出轴之间形成至少八个前进速度比和一个倒退速度比，
其中所述输出行星齿轮组的所述行星齿轮架组件具有与所述第一、第二太阳齿轮和所述第一、第二环形齿轮互连的多个行星小齿轮，所述多个行星小齿轮包括多个长行星小齿轮和两组短行星小齿轮，其中所述长行星小齿轮啮合在所述第一太阳齿轮和所述第一环形齿轮之间，一组所述短行星小齿轮啮合在所述长行星小齿轮和所述第二环形齿轮之间，而另一组所述短行星小齿轮啮合在所述长行星小齿轮和所述第二太阳齿轮之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的多速传动装置，其中：
所述第七转矩传送机构当被啮合以在所述传动装置输入轴和所述输入行星齿轮组的所述第三元件之间形成减少的速度传动时有效。
3.如权利要求1所述的多速传动装置，其中：
所述第二、第五和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供倒退速度比，所述第一、第五和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第一前进速度比，所述第一、第六和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第二前进速度比，所述第一、第四和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第三前进速度比，所述第一、第二和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第四前进速度比，所述第一、第三和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第五前进速度比，所述第一、第二和第三转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第六前进速度比，所述第二、第三和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第七前进速度比，所述第三、第四和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第八前进速度比。
4.如权利要求1所述的多速传动装置，其中：
所述转矩传送机构被以三个为组合而啮合以提供九个前进速度比。
5.如权利要求4所述的多速传动装置，其中：
所述第二、第五和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供倒退速度比；
所述第一、第五和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第一前进速度比；
所述第一、第六和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第二前进速度比；
所述第一、第四和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第三前进速度比；
所述第一、第二和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第四前进速度比；
所述第一、第三和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第五前进速度比；
所述第一、第二和第三转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第六前进速度比；
所述第二、第三和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第七前进速度比；
所述第三、第四和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第八前进速度比；和
所述第三、第六和第七转矩传送机构被选择性啮合以提供第九前进速度比。
CNB200610100183XA 2005-06-30 2006-06-30 多速行星动力传动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100473867C (zh)

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