CN100470966C - End pumped air-cooling laser - Google Patents

End pumped air-cooling laser Download PDF

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CN100470966C
CN100470966C CNB2007100524721A CN200710052472A CN100470966C CN 100470966 C CN100470966 C CN 100470966C CN B2007100524721 A CNB2007100524721 A CN B2007100524721A CN 200710052472 A CN200710052472 A CN 200710052472A CN 100470966 C CN100470966 C CN 100470966C
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laser
mirror
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light
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CN101068061A (en
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王�锋
吕超
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Wuhan Lingyun Photoelectric Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan Lingyun Photoelectric Science & Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

This invention relates to a face pump air-blast laser composed of a resonant cavity, a laser crystal and a pump unit, in which, the resonant cavity is a V-shape folded cavity made up of a total reflection mirror, a cavity mirror and an output mirror, the laser crystal is set on an axle closing to the cavity mirror, the pump unit is composed of fibers and coupled focusing mirror made up of three lenses, and the pump light is output from the fibers and waist-beamed via an exit port then to be aligned and focused by a focusing mirror, then emits it from the corner of V type cavity to the laser crystal to generate basic frequency light, pulse output is realized by adding a Q-adjust device on the optical axle, otherwise, it is the continuous output.

Description

End pumped air-cooling laser
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser, particularly relate to a kind of end pumped air-cooling laser.
Technical background
What at present, most of commercial end-pumped laser adopted on the market is the line chamber structure.Though this structure is simple, can obtain bigger laser output, but because the little restriction of dissymmetrical structure of this chamber type own and end pumping zone, cause the chamber itself can not be oversize, can not directly obtain beam quality laser output preferably, and since thermal lensing effect, laser output energy instability.Simultaneously, because transfer ratio is low, most of pump energy is converted to heat energy, and radiating mode can only adopt water-cooled, causes bulkyly, and the adding of cooling water has brought hidden danger for safety again, and therefore, its application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention, exactly in order to overcome the defective of prior art, proposed a kind of design of new laserresonator type, a kind of end pumped air-cooling laser that can obtain good beam quality (approximate basic mode), power stability, the air cooled laser output of realization is provided.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of end pumped air-cooling laser involved in the present invention is such:
Principle of the present invention is to utilize the refrative cavity type to realize that the symmetry of resonant cavity reduces thermal lensing effect, the basic mode that utilizes the coupling focus lamp to regulate pump light size with a tight waist and position and resonant cavity simultaneously is complementary, make most of pump energy run on basic mode, thereby obtain the laser output of good beam quality power stability.In the process that laser vibrates in resonant cavity, light intensity on beam cross-section forms various multi-form stable distributions, this stable distribution on beam cross-section, the transverse mode that is called laser beam, be called for short transverse mode, fundamental transverse mode position of each point on the cross section of laser beam is mutually identical, and beam quality is best, is called for short basic mode.Pump light is beaten at crystals, forms heat in intracrystalline uneven distribution, refractive index generation minor variations, the optical characteristics of crystal is equivalent to lens, is referred to as thermal lens.The thermal lens that crystal can be equivalent to a focal length in resonant cavity be f, thermal lens f and pump light ω with a tight waist square is directly proportional, i.e. f ∝ ω 2,, just must increase pump light size with a tight waist in order to reduce thermal lens; But for certain resonant cavity, the big or small ω of basic mode on crystal 00Be certain, concentrate on basic mode, just must increase pump light size with a tight waist and basic mode size and satisfy ω ≈ ω in order to make laser energy 00, so pump light the size of crystals will be as much as possible less than and near the basic mode size.For size and the certain pumping of energy, the thermal lens f size of generation also is certain.As shown in Figure 3, according to the optical matrix of lens, the thermal lens matrix of refrative cavity is
Figure C200710052472D00051
And the equivalent thermal lens matrix of line chamber is
Figure C200710052472D00052
Its equivalent thermal lens is
Figure C200710052472D00053
The thermal lens of the refrative cavity of same equivalent length has only half of line chamber, and its thermal lensing effect obviously alleviates.For identical pumping, adopt refrative cavity can significantly reduce the thermal lensing effect of resonant cavity.
End pumped air-cooling laser involved in the present invention is made of resonant cavity, laser crystal and pump unit.It is characterized in that the resonant cavity of laser is the V-type foldable structure, its light path is a V-arrangement, and by total reflective mirror, chamber mirror and outgoing mirror constitute along optical axis; Laser crystal places on the optical axis of close chamber mirror, promptly is positioned at the corner of refrative cavity, is convenient to pump light pumping laser crystal; Adopt refrative cavity can make laser crystal be in the center of symmetrical structure, thermal lensing effect reduces half, and elongate chamber is long effectively, thereby reaches the purpose that improves beam quality, power stability output.Pump unit is made of optical fiber and coupling focus lamp, and the coupling focus lamp is formed by the multi-disc combination of lenses.Pump light is exported from optical fiber, and is with a tight waist through pump light optical fiber light-emitting window, and by the focusing of coupling focus lamp direct sum, the chamber mirror from V-type refrative cavity corner incides laser crystal inside again, forms the with a tight waist and generation fundamental frequency light of coupling back pump light.Behind the coupling focus lamp, pump light is girdled the waist, and the basic mode size of resonant cavity is identical therewith in the laser crystal interior size.The coupling focus lamp adopts telescopic structure (promptly wherein the position of a slice lens on optical axis can change), thereby being convenient to regulate with a tight waist the coincidence with the basic mode position of pump light makes laser energy can concentrate on basic mode, beam quality is greatly improved, and energy has also obtained maximum utilization; This structure can obtain higher light one light conversion efficiency, has reduced the generation of heat, thereby can adopt air-cooled (air cooling) structure.Q-switching device is set on the optical axis in the V-type refrative cavity to be realized laser pulse output or not to establish the continuous output that Q-switching device is promptly realized laser.Arbitrary position is provided with frequency (or wavelength) conversion of nonlinear crystal realization laser output or nonlinear crystal is not set and do not realize frequency inverted on the fundamental frequency light transmission path.Total reflective mirror is 145 to 155mm to the centre distance of laser crystal; The chamber mirror is 18 to 22mm to the centre distance of crystal; Outgoing mirror to the distance of chamber mirror is 125 to 135mm; Coupling focus lamp exiting surface is 28 to 32mm to the centre distance of crystal; The corner angle of V-type refrative cavity is less than 20 °.
Pumping coupling focus lamp of the present invention is to be formed by 3 two groups of combination of lensess; First set of contact lenses is close to by two lens 8 and 9 and is formed, and pump light is collimated; Second set of contact lenses is lens 7 only, and effect is that the pump light behind the collimation is focused on, and distance is adjustable between two groups of lens, and promptly the position of lens 7 on optical axis can change.
Laser crystal of the present invention is positioned at the structure centre of equivalent cavity.
Laser crystal of the present invention is neodymium-doped acid yttrium crystal or mixes the ammonium yag crystal or neodymium-doped vanadic acid gadolinium crystal or yttrium aluminum garnet crystal with ytterbium doping or neodymium-doped yttrium aluminate crystal or neodymium-doped potassium-gadolinium crystal or neodymium-doped yttrium-fluoride crystalline lithium.
The Q-switching device that is provided with on the optical axis in the V-type refrative cavity of the present invention is acousto-optic or photoelectricity or dye Q device.
The nonlinear crystal that arbitrary position is provided with on the fundamental frequency light transmission path of the present invention is potassium titanium oxide phosphate (KTP) or three lithium borates (LBO) or barium metaborate (BBO).
The end pumped air-cooling laser that the present invention is alleged, its coupling focus lamp light output end is 30mm to the centre distance of laser crystal; Total reflective mirror is 150mm to the centre distance of laser crystal; The chamber mirror is 20mm to the centre distance of laser crystal; Outgoing mirror is 130mm to the distance of chamber mirror; The corner angle of V-type refrative cavity is 18 °.
That the alleged end pumped air-cooling laser of the present invention has is novel, reasonable in design, technological specification, simple installation, be easy to form advantages such as industrialized mass production; Have that output beam quality is good, power stability, can realize advantages such as air cooling, volume are small and exquisite, be easy to carry, price is suitable.The present invention can be widely used in every field such as industrial processes, scientific research, medical treatment, military affairs; Be specially adapted to laser labelling, material surface or the fields such as inner engraving, retrofit, cutting, electronic welding, pumping, laser positioning and laser ranging of various material surfaces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: end pumped air-cooling laser structural representation;
Fig. 2: pumping coupling focus lamp structural principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 3: line chamber schematic diagram;
Fig. 4: the equivalent cavity schematic diagram of line chamber;
Fig. 5: the schematic diagram of refrative cavity;
Fig. 6: the equivalent cavity schematic diagram of refrative cavity;
Among Fig. 3,16 and 18 is the chamber mirror, and 17 is thermal lens, and chamber mirror 16 and 18 constitutes line chamber, and thermal lens 17 is near lens 18.
Among Fig. 4,19 and 21 is the chamber mirror, and 20 is the thermal lens of equivalent cavity, and chamber mirror 19 and 21 constitutes equivalent cavity, and lens 20 are at the equivalent cavity center.
Among Fig. 5,22,24,25 is the chamber mirror, and 23 is the thermal lens of refrative cavity, and chamber mirror 22,24 and 25 constitutes refrative cavity, lens 23 near chamber mirror 24.
Among Fig. 6,26 and 28 is the chamber mirror, and 27 is the thermal lens of equivalent cavity, and chamber mirror 26 and 28 constitutes equivalent cavity, and thermal lens 27 is at the equivalent cavity center.
Embodiment
End pumped air-cooling laser involved in the present invention, its technical scheme in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1 and accompanying drawing 2 be described in detail as follows:
Embodiment 1: the present invention is made of resonant cavity, laser crystal 5 (getting the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal as laser crystal 5) and pump unit.The resonant cavity of laser is a V-type refrative cavity structure, and its light path is a V-arrangement, is made of total reflective mirror 2, chamber mirror 6 and outgoing mirror 13 along optical axis 1; Crystal 5 is positioned near the structure centre that promptly is positioned at equivalent cavity on mirror 6 optical axises 1 of chamber; Adopt pump light 11 pumpings; Pump unit is made of optical fiber 12 and coupling focus lamp 10; Coupling focus lamp 10 is formed by 3 two groups of combination of lensess, and first set of contact lenses is close to by two lens 8 and 9 and is formed, and pump light 11 is collimated; It is that pump light 11 after the collimation focuses on that second set of contact lenses has 7 its effects of a slice lens, and distance is adjustable between two groups of lens, and promptly the position of lens 7 on optical axis 1 can change; Pump light 11 is from optical fiber 12 outputs, with a tight waist 14 through pump light optical fiber light-emitting window, by coupling focus lamp 10 collimations with focus on, the chamber mirror 6 from V-type refrative cavity corner incides the laser crystal 5 inner coupling back pump lights with a tight waist 15 that form again, and produce fundamental frequency light 4, realize the continuous output of laser.
As shown in Figure 2, the parameter of establishing optical fiber 12 output is that bright dipping bore (promptly with a tight waist) 14 is ω Fiber=0.4mm, numerical aperture Na=0.22, by coupling focus lamp 10, the optical parametric of pump light 11 becomes 15 ω with a tight waist=0.8mm, numerical aperture NA=0.11, adopt 3 fairly simple lens arrangements just can realize, concrete example is as follows: 3 lens 7,8, the identical f=30mm of 9 parameters, put according to shown in Figure 2, optical fiber 12 exiting surfaces are a=12.45mm to the distance of lens 9, lens 9 lens 8 are close together, light beam is similar to directional light between lens 8 and the lens 7 like this, the change of lens 7 position on optical axis 1 does not influence 15 sizes with a tight waist and the operating distance (lens 7 exiting surfaces arrive with a tight waist 15 distance) of bright dipping substantially, and coupling focus lamp 10 just can be realized focusing effect and the operating distance b=30mm of 1:2.
The parameter of resonant cavity is decided, and its basic mode has also been decided at the diameter of crystal 5 inside.Choose suitable cavity, the basic mode size is complementary with pump light 11, laser energy can concentrate on basic mode.The specific design example is as follows: put laser each several part device according to Fig. 1 on optical axis 1, comprise total reflective mirror 2, chamber mirror 6, outgoing mirror 13, laser crystal 5 and coupling focus lamp 10; Total reflective mirror 2 is 150mm to the distance at crystal 5 center, chamber mirror 6 is 20mm to the distance at crystal 5 center, and outgoing mirror 13 is 130mm to the distance of chamber mirror 6, and the corner angle of v-shaped cavity is less than 20 degree, if 18 °, coupling focus lamp 10 light output ends are apart from laser crystal 5 center 30mm.According to the thermal lens theory, be 20W at pump power, pumping with a tight waist 15 is under the condition of 0.8mm, its equivalent thermal lens is f=458mm; According to beam transformation matrix, can calculate when the equivalent cavity length of refrative cavity is 300mm, basic mode is ω in the size of crystals 00=0.75mm, the big or small ω in crystal 5 inside is close with pump light.Under this condition, can access that output beam quality is good, the laser of power stability is exported continuously.
Embodiment 2: A-O Q-switch device 3 is set on the optical axis 1 in the V-type refrative cavity, and other technical characterictic and embodiment 1 are identical, can realize the pulse output of laser.
Embodiment 3: arbitrary position is provided with potassium titanium oxide phosphate (KTP) nonlinear crystal on fundamental frequency light 4 transmission paths, and other technical characterictic and embodiment 1 are identical, can realize the frequency inverted output of laser.

Claims (10)

1. end pumped air-cooling laser, by resonant cavity, laser crystal (5) and pump unit constitute, it is characterized in that the resonant cavity of laser is a V-type refrative cavity structure, its light path is a V-arrangement, by total reflective mirror (2), chamber mirror (6) and outgoing mirror (13) constitute along optical axis (1); Laser crystal (5) is positioned near on the optical axis (1) of chamber mirror (6), adopts pump light (11) pumping; Pump unit is made of optical fiber (12) and coupling focus lamp (10), and coupling focus lamp (10) is formed by the multi-disc combination of lenses; Pump light (11) is exported from optical fiber (12), through pump light optical fiber light-emitting window (14) with a tight waist, by coupling focus lamp (10) collimation with assemble, incide from the chamber mirror (6) of V-type refrative cavity corner again that laser crystal (5) is inner to be formed coupling back pump light (15) with a tight waist and produce fundamental frequency light (4); Q-switching device (3) is set on the optical axis in the V-type refrative cavity (1) realizes the pulse output of laser or the continuous output that Q-switching device (3) is realized laser is not set that Q-switching device is acousto-optic or electric light or dye Q device (3); Arbitrary position is provided with the frequency inverted of nonlinear crystal realization laser output or nonlinear crystal is not set and do not realize frequency inverted on fundamental frequency light (4) transmission path, nonlinear crystal is KTP or LBO or BBO nonlinear crystal, total reflective mirror (2) is 145 to 155mm to the centre distance of laser crystal (5), chamber mirror (6) is 18 to 22mm to the centre distance of laser crystal (5), outgoing mirror (13) is 125 to 135mm to the distance of chamber mirror (6), coupling focus lamp (10) light output end is 28 to 32mm to the centre distance of laser crystal (5), and the corner angle of v-shaped cavity is less than 20 °.
2. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, laser crystal (5) is positioned at the structure centre of equivalent cavity.
3. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that laser crystal (5) is for the Nd-doped yttrium vanadate crystal or mix the ammonium yag crystal or neodymium-doped vanadic acid gadolinium crystal or yttrium aluminum garnet crystal with ytterbium doping or neodymium-doped yttrium aluminate crystal or neodymium-doped potassium-gadolinium crystal or neodymium-doped yttrium-fluoride crystalline lithium.
4. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, it is A-O Q-switch device (3) that optical axis in the V-type refrative cavity (1) is gone up the Q-switching device (3) that is provided with.
5. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the nonlinear crystal that arbitrary position is provided with on fundamental frequency light (4) transmission path is the KTP nonlinear crystal.
6. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, total reflective mirror (2) is 150mm to the centre distance of laser crystal (5).
7. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, chamber mirror (6) is 20mm to the centre distance of laser crystal (5).
8. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, outgoing mirror (13) is 130mm to the distance of chamber mirror (6).
9. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1 is characterized in that, coupling focus lamp (10) light output end is 30mm to laser crystal (5) centre distance.
10. end pumped air-cooling laser according to claim 1, the corner angle of V-type refrative cavity are 18 °.
CNB2007100524721A 2007-06-14 2007-06-14 End pumped air-cooling laser Expired - Fee Related CN100470966C (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11291522B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2022-04-05 Convergent Dental, Inc. Systems and methods to control depth of treatment in dental laser systems

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CN102545000B (en) * 2011-02-25 2014-06-11 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 Adjusting method of resonant cavity
CN102244348A (en) * 2011-05-20 2011-11-16 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Air-cooled all-solid 526nm pulsed laser
CN102263362B (en) * 2011-06-28 2015-06-17 武汉新特光电技术有限公司 End-face pumping air-cooling laser
CN113363798B (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-09-23 厦门大学 Adjustable high-optical-efficiency broadband multi-longitudinal-mode Raman microchip laser

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11291522B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2022-04-05 Convergent Dental, Inc. Systems and methods to control depth of treatment in dental laser systems

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