CN100470849C - 太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺 - Google Patents

太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺 Download PDF

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CN100470849C
CN100470849C CNB2006100857937A CN200610085793A CN100470849C CN 100470849 C CN100470849 C CN 100470849C CN B2006100857937 A CNB2006100857937 A CN B2006100857937A CN 200610085793 A CN200610085793 A CN 200610085793A CN 100470849 C CN100470849 C CN 100470849C
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王兴华
王维亮
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Taitong (Taizhou) Industry Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及太阳能光伏技术领域。尤其涉及太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺。包括如下步骤:1.根据规定的次序把组件的构件叠起来,2.确定加热温度,3.层压机加热到上述温度,4.把预先叠放好的光伏组件放入加热的层压机里,关盖,5.开始抽真空,抽至100Pa以下,6.打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,并进行保压,7.持续加热组件,直至到EVA达到固化点,8.达到固化规定时间,打开层压机取出组件,其特征在于:当气囊内气压达到0.3MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.3MPa进行保压。本发明通过改变气囊内保压阶段的气压,既保证了产品的低破损率,又避免了组件易产生气泡、剥离强度降低的现象。成品合格率明显提高。

Description

太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺
(一)技术领域:
本发明涉及太阳能光伏技术领域。尤其涉及一种太阳能电池组件制造工艺中的太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺。
(二)背景技术:
太阳能电池组件是一个能独立作为电源使用的最小单元。它由单体太阳能电池片经串并联形成晶体硅太阳电池阵列,并经严密封装而成。其制造方法大都如下:
1.用制备好的互连条将若干太阳能电池片焊接为一体形成晶体硅太阳电池阵列
2.采用真空层压法封装,将焊接成的太阳电池阵列和两侧的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯材料(EVA)、再外侧的低铁钢化玻璃和复合氟塑料膜(TPT、TPE)真空热压为一体,
3.加装边框,制成太阳能电池组件。
对太阳能电池组件的要求为工作寿命长、有足够的机械强度、组合成本小。
上述制造方法中,太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺十分重要,它直接影响组件的输出功率、工作寿命及机械强度。具体表现为:
真空热压工艺控制不好,封装后的组件易发生碎片或隐裂,组件的寿命短。
真空热压工艺控制不好,封装后的组件正反面极易产生气泡,而气泡的多少直接影响组件的输出功率及工作寿命。
真空热压工艺控制不好,组件或胶粘率不够或易产生过固化现象,剥离强度差,组件的寿命短。
总之,真空热压工艺控制不好,太阳能电池组件的性能不理想,成品不合格率较高。
现有技术中,真空热压工艺具体如下:
1.根据规定的次序把组件的构件叠起来
2.视乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯的参数不同,层压机分别加热到130-150℃,
3.把预先叠放好的光伏组件以玻璃面朝下放入加热的层压机里,关盖,
4.开始抽真空,抽至100Pa以下,
5.打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气压,并持续打开气囊通道阀门,保持以1个大气压充气,
6.持续加热组件,直至到EVA达到固化点
7.达到固化规定时间,打开层压机取出组件。
现有技术中,真空热压工艺封装后普遍存在组件正反面经常有气泡产生,气泡是组件封装不良品中占比例最多的一项,成品一次封装不合格率较高,一般在6‰以上。
(三)发明内容:
本发明旨在提供一种成品合格率较高的太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺。
现有技术的上述工艺中,对上室气囊进行充气的加压气压的调整是业内普遍忽略的问题,往往直接为1个大气压。但通过研究,我们发现:
1、加压气压调低可加大EVA的流动性,但太低组件内残余气体则不能被有效挤出会产生气泡,背板不平整,EVA与玻璃的剥离强度降低。
2、加压气压调高,EVA的流动性会变小,但太高会引起隐裂或碎片。
本发明的技术解决方案如下:
一种太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺,包括如下步骤:
1.根据规定的次序把组件的构件叠起来,
2.视乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯的参数不同确定加热温度,
3.层压机加热到上述温度,
4.把预先叠放好的光伏组件以玻璃面朝下放入加热的层压机里,关盖,
5.开始抽真空,抽至100Pa以下,
6.打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.3-0.8MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.3-0.8MPa进行保压,
7.持续加热组件,直至到EVA达到固化点,
8.达到固化规定时间,打开层压机取出组件。
本发明采用改变气囊内保压阶段的气压,既避免了由于保压阶段气压过大导致电池片容易产生隐裂或碎片的现象,从而降低了产品的破损率,又避免了由于压力太低导致组件内残余气体不能被有效挤出,容易产生气泡的现象,及压力太低导致背板凹凸不平,EVA与玻璃的剥离强度降低的现象。成品合格率明显提高。
再进一步的技术方案为:
所述步骤6中充气加压、保压工艺为:
打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.5-0.7MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.5-0.7MPa进行保压。
以下将通过对比实验进行验证:
选用同一公司生产的同型号的同一批次的28组电池片(每一样品组为四组、每组72片)以真空热压工艺进行层压封装,其中步骤6中分别采用不同的保压压力和现有技术中的1个大气压,从组件感观、层压后产品中电池片的破损率、剥离强度三方面分别进行对比分析:
        表一  组件感观评定
Figure C200610085793D00061
上述感观评定表中:
无:无气泡,背板无凹凸感;
轻微:有1mm2以下肉眼可辩认的气泡,但数量极少(每块组件小于3个),背板有凹凸感;
较严重:有1mm2以上可见的气泡,或1mm2以下肉眼可辩认的气泡数量较多,背板明显凹凸不平。
     表二  EVA与玻璃的剥离强度(N/cm)统计表
Figure C200610085793D00071
汪:EVA与玻璃的剥离强度要求大于50N/cm
     表三  EVA与TPT剥离强度(N/cm)
Figure C200610085793D00072
注:EVA与TPT的剥离强度要求大于20N/cm
     表四  电池片破损率(%)统计表
Figure C200610085793D00081
通过上述实验可知:
1.随着保持气压的降低,EVA的流动性好,EVA与玻璃的剥离强度、EVA与TPT剥离强度均不断下降;
2.但当保持气压低于0.3MPa时,组件内残余气体难以被效挤出,有1mm2以上可见的气泡或1mm2以下肉眼可辩认的气泡数量较多,背板明显凹凸不平,有明显的外观缺陷;
3.保持气压降低至0.8以下,电池片的破损率明显降低,组件的破损率明显降低。
综合各项指标,以0.5-0.7MPa的保持气压进行保压,成品合格率较高。
经过本发明的技术改进,本发明成品一次封装不合格率在3‰以下。
(四)具体实施方式:
实施例1:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,包括如下步骤:
1.根据规定的次序把组件的构件叠起来,
2.视乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯的参数不同确定加热温度,
3.层压机加热到上述温度,
4.把预先叠放好的光伏组件以玻璃面朝下放入加热的层压机里,关盖,
5.开始抽真空,抽至100Pa以下,
6.打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.3MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.3MPa进行保压,
7.持续加热组件,直至到EVA达到固化点,
8.达到固化规定时间,打开层压机取出组件。
实施例2:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,同样包括实施例1中的8个步骤,与实施例1唯一不同的是步骤6为:打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.8MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.8MPa进行保压。
实施例3:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,同样包括实施例1中的8个步骤,与实施例1唯一不同的是步骤6为:打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.4MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.4MPa进行保压。
实施例4:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,同样包括实施例1中的8个步骤,与实施例1唯一不同的是步骤6:打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.5MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.5MPa进行保压。
实施例5:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,同样包括实施例1中的8个步骤,与实施例1唯一不同的是步骤6:打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.6MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.6MPa进行保压。
实施例6:
一种太阳能电池组件制造方法,同样包括实施例1中的8个步骤,与实施例1唯一不同的是步骤6:打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.7MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.7MPa进行保压。

Claims (2)

1、一种太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺,包括如下步骤:
(1)根据规定的次序把组件的构件叠起来,
(2)视乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯的参数不同确定加热温度,
(3)层压机加热到上述温度,
(4)把预先叠放好的光伏组件以玻璃面朝下放入加热的层压机里,关盖,
(5)开始抽真空,抽至100Pa以下,
(6)打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.3-0.8MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.3-0.8MPa进行保压,
(7)持续加热组件,直至到EVA达到固化点,
(8)达到固化规定时间,打开层压机取出组件。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(6)为:
打开气囊通道阀门,接通外界大气,对上室气囊进行充气加压,当气囊内气压达到0.5-0.7MPa时,关闭气囊通道阀门,保持气囊内气压为0.5-0.7MPa进行保压。
CNB2006100857937A 2006-07-03 2006-07-03 太阳能电池组件真空热压工艺 Expired - Fee Related CN100470849C (zh)

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KR20120070580A (ko) * 2009-09-10 2012-06-29 기타가와 세이키 가부시키가이샤 큐어 처리 장치 및 라미네이트 가공 시스템
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