Background technology
Biomass energy refers to and is produced various organisms by photosynthesis, and to be solar energy be stored in a kind of form of energy in the biology with the chemical energy form to biological energy source, be a kind of be the energy of carrier with living beings.Biological materialization is to utilize the bar of plant, branch, leaf, straw, husk, industrial solid debirs etc., produces various fuel gas through anoxycausis, uses to do various uses.
Biomass resource quantity is huge in the world, and form is various, as yule logs, farm-forestry crop, agricultural and forestry oddment, food processing offal, junk etc.At present, it is biomass burning that tradition is utilized mode, but these traditional methods, not only the thermal efficiency is low, and labour intensity is big, seriously polluted, wherein the flue dust that produced of burning and the discharging of surplus ash go from bad to worse people's inhabitation and living environment, have a strong impact on health, to ecology, the society and economy causes and adverse influence, in addition, for organic waste, organic waste residues, resources such as fowl and animal excrement and part agricultural wastes fully are not used, not only cause the wasting of resources, and make it become main organic contamination source, except that causing serious big G﹠W pollution, also discharge a large amount of greenhouse gases, aggravated global greenhouse effects.
To the exploitation of biological materialization technology, on tar is handled, go wrong at present, stop because of tar stops up, in addition, the lower problem of gas heating value in Development Engineering, can occur as a lot of engineerings through regular meeting.
Summary of the invention
The invention reside in provides a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, minimizing environmental pollution, and all kinds of junks are handled and the energy saving biomass gasifying furnace of acquisition fuel oil, combustion gas equal energy source.
For achieving the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of energy saving biomass gasifying furnace, include body of heater and be arranged on the charging aperture at its top, be arranged on the burner hearth in the body of heater, be arranged on the slag notch of bottom of furnace body, it also comprises the spiral smoke box that is arranged on upper of furnace body, be arranged on the electronic feeding-distribution device in the burner hearth, steam pipe, second-time burning fire tube and blast pipe, steam pipe, all be provided with electrically operated valve on the blast pipe, in the spiral smoke box ring pipe is housed, have the hole on the ring pipe, spiral smoke box bottom is provided with the tar outlet, also be provided with gas port and flue gas mouth on the spiral smoke box, be respectively equipped with first electrically operated valve on gas port and the flue gas mouth, second electrically operated valve, first electrically operated valve, second electrically operated valve is circumscribed with air exhauster, have the expansion fracture on the second-time burning fire tube, second-time burning fire tube lower end is provided with filtering holes, steam pipe, the second-time burning fire tube, the blast pipe upper end is communicated with spiral smoke box, steam pipe, the second-time burning fire tube, the blast pipe lower end is communicated with burner hearth.
Described blast pipe is made up of blast pipe, secondary wind inleting tube, three blast pipes.
Described second-time burning fire tube is four.
Described second-time burning fire tube is provided with fin.
Be provided with high temperature brick and anti-warm brick in the furnace wall of described body of heater from inside to outside, be provided with heat-insulation layer between high temperature brick and the anti-warm brick.
Also be provided with also wind band of porous air in the described burner hearth.
The utility model also comprises cooling water pipe, described electronic feeding-distribution device comprises cone-shaped bulk cargo sheet, carbon residue dispenser, multiple tooth broken rotating disk and motor, motor is installed in bottom of furnace body, cone-shaped bulk cargo sheet, carbon residue dispenser, multiple tooth broken rotating disk are connected in the rotating shaft of motor, and cooling water pipe is installed in the rotating shaft.
Described steam pipe, a blast pipe are communicated with burner hearth bottom, and secondary wind inleting tube is communicated with the burner hearth middle part, and three blast pipes are in second-time burning fire tube bottom.
Described body of heater is provided with safety valve, and motor is installed in bottom of furnace body.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1), second-time burning fire tube of the present invention and the blast pipe cooperating of introducing from top spiral smoke box, make and enter that junk of the present invention burning is fierce, temperature is high, gasification, and combustion is thorough, the living beings minimizing is big, simultaneously, by associated electrical movable valve control air quantity, make the present invention form the reducing environment of anoxycausis, so the present invention can produce a large amount of air mixtures, realize reclaiming lot of energy, realized resource;
(2), spiral smoke box of the present invention, second-time burning fire tube, fin cooperating, can make full use of a large amount of high-temperature flue gas that burning produces, predrying the high-temperature spiral smoke box the living beings that enter from charging aperture, make the effect of resource of the present invention more remarkable;
(3), second-time burning fire tube of the present invention and blast pipe cooperating, make high-temperature flue gas that the long time of staying be arranged in the second-time burning fire tube, thoroughly decomposes and burn poisonous and harmful element such as dioxin, so the present invention has realized harmless treatment;
(4) electronic feeding-distribution device of the present invention can be the living beings residue stirring that falls into burner hearth bottom, loose, upset, form turbulent flow accelerated combustion gasification with the air burning of limiting the quantity of, these rubbish residue coking knot cakes have been prevented, influence whole gasification, and combustion, realize simultaneously unburnt high temperature carbon residue is continued to participate in the gasification reduction reaction, further perfect effect of the present invention further improves junk utilization rate of the present invention;
(5), the present invention is by the junk recycling, the generation energy, so the present invention can reduce environmental pollution, optimizes the environment, and purifies air;
(6), motor of the present invention is to be installed in bottom of furnace body, and separates with body of heater, simultaneously, electronic feeding-distribution device is all made with high temperature resistant 1800 ℃ of alloy steel materials, furnace lining uses the stainless steel of 310S to make, so long service life of the present invention, easy to maintenance;
(7), in addition, the present invention design ingenious, cost rationally, handiness, practicality.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment one:
Fig. 1 is a structure chart of the present invention, and among the figure, charging aperture 16 of the present invention is arranged on body of heater 1 top, and burner hearth 37 is in body of heater 1, and slag notch 34 is arranged on body of heater 1 bottom, and fire door 10 is arranged on the body of heater 1.
Fig. 2 is a cutaway view of the present invention, among the figure, the present invention includes the spiral smoke box 22 that is arranged on body of heater 1 top, be arranged on the electronic feeding-distribution device 28 in the burner hearth 37, steam pipe 2, four second-time burning fire tubes 12 and three blast pipes, promptly three blast pipes are respectively blast pipe 6 one time, secondary wind inleting tube 7, three blast pipes 8, steam pipe 2 is provided with electrically operated valve 36, a blast pipe 6, secondary wind inleting tube 7, be respectively equipped with electrically operated valve 15 on three blast pipes 8,14,13, ring pipe 21 is housed in the spiral smoke box 22, have the hole on the ring pipe 21, spiral smoke box 22 bottoms are provided with tar outlet 20, also be provided with gas port 17 and flue gas mouth 18 on the spiral smoke box 22, gas port 17 is provided with first electrically operated valve 41, flue gas mouth 18 is provided with second electrically operated valve 42, first electrically operated valve 41, second electrically operated valve, the 42 outer air exhausters that are connected to respectively, have expansion fracture 23 on the second-time burning fire tube 12, its lower end is provided with filtering holes 30, steam pipe 2, second-time burning fire tube 12 and blast pipe upper end all are communicated with spiral smoke box 22, its lower end is communicated with burner hearth 37, its middle steam tube 2, a blast pipe 6 is to be communicated with burner hearth 37 bottoms, secondary wind inleting tube 7 is to be communicated with burner hearth 37 middle parts, and three blast pipes 8 are in second-time burning fire tube 12 bottoms; In addition, be welded with fin 11 on the second-time burning fire tube 12, be provided with high temperature brick 3 and anti-warm brick 5 in the furnace wall 9 of body of heater 1 from inside to outside, be provided with heat-insulation layer 4 between high temperature brick 3 and the anti-warm brick 5, also be provided with also wind band 31 of porous air in the burner hearth 37, body of heater 1 is provided with safety valve 19; In addition, electronic feeding-distribution device 28 comprises cone-shaped bulk cargo sheet 24, carbon residue dispenser 27, multiple tooth broken rotating disk 33 and motor 35, motor 35 is installed in body of heater 1 bottom, cone-shaped bulk cargo sheet 24, carbon residue dispenser 27, multiple tooth broken rotating disk 33 are connected in the rotating shaft 38 of motor 35, and cooling water pipe 25 is installed in the rotating shaft 38.
When the present invention uses, load garbage refuse in from charging aperture 16 toward body of heater, after piling with, sealing, light the combustible of body of heater 1 bottom periphery then at slag notch 34, after combustible is lighted, under the air exhauster effect, air is after body of heater 1 bottom heating, through a blast pipe 6, enter second-time burning fire tube 12 again, participate in burning with higher speed, make moisture content many, the calorific value height, the junk of complicated component is got angry rapidly, and it is mobile along second-time burning fire tube 12 draft directions, at this moment, mainly be the junk around the burning filtering holes 30, by the intake of a wind of electrically operated valve 15 controls, make the speed and the scope of junk burning controlled, thereby prolong burning time and anoxic recovery time.
A large amount of gases that junk produces when burning, enter second-time burning fire tube 12 through filtering holes 30, the high temperature that burning produces is to radiation all around, junk in the burner hearth 37 is heated up rapidly, because the junk capacity of dress is many in the burner hearth 37, thickness is big, highly high, the furnace wall 9 interior heat-insulation layers 4 of adding body of heater 37 are incubated adiabatic, simultaneously, all electrically operated valves are closed, at this moment, burner hearth 37 is sealed isolated, so junk has adequate time to evaporate in whole burner hearth scope, dry, destructive distillation and pyrolysis, being accompanied by calory burning transmits continuously, radiation, make water content many, organic many junks are under the reducing environment of high temperature anoxic, the compositions such as steam of overflowing gradually, and then generation destructive distillation thermal decomposition, produce a large amount of by fuel gas, steam, tar, the air mixture that flue gas etc. are formed, wherein this process is constantly carried out, until junk finally become by destructive distillation carbon residue and collapse downwards fall electronic feeding-distribution device 28 after, new junk replenishes into again continuously.
In the combustion process of junk, open electrically operated valve 14, at this moment, the uniform auxiliary air of difference and the steam that replenish from secondary wind inleting tube 7, as gasifying agent and red-hot hot carbon reaction, keep and the combustion gasification process of stable junk, a large amount of air mixtures that burner hearth 37 is produced, under air exhauster draft effect, enter two flash burns make a fire the pipe 12, mix with the tertiary air that enters from three blast pipes 8, second-time burning fire tube 12 internal combustion realize the steam in the burner hearth 37, the carbon dioxide and the air of limiting the quantity of of coming in from secondary wind inleting tube 7 etc. are as the red-hot carbon of gasifying agent and burning, the carbon residue of fast after-flame, reduction fully takes place in the tar that suspends etc., wherein steam is reduced into carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and carbon dioxide is reduced into carbon monoxide, and tar is broken down into hydrocarbon etc.; In addition, not comburant in the air mixture, can rest in the burner hearth 37 for a long time as carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide etc., make the heat of taking away with burning few, simultaneously, tar in the air mixture and suspension carbon granules etc. also significantly reduce because of reduction reaction, have avoided particulate polymerizations such as tar, heavy metal steam, flue dust and stop up relevant pipeline.
Wherein, the high-temperature flue gas that air mixture is fully burnt and produced in second-time burning fire tube 12, high-temperature flue-gas is more than 1000 ℃, under high-temperature flue gas acts in second-time burning fire tube 12, make the above-mentioned tar completely of not eradicating once more, the heavy metal steam, particulate such as flue dust and dioxin wipes out to be burnt, in addition, because second-time burning fire tube 12 is very long, and the second-time burning fire tube 12 outer fin 11 that are welded with, junk is when stopping for a long time around the second-time burning fire tube 12, the heat of high temperature that makes full use of second-time burning fire tube 12 makes that the most of organic matter in the junk is become fuel gas and carbon granules by pyrolysis around the second-time burning fire tube 12, fuel gas is after condensation, become fuel resource, and carbon granules continues to fall to gasification in the body of heater 1, owing in the burner hearth 37 electronic feeding-distribution device 28 is housed, when these by destructive distillation, when the junk of pyrolysis falls into burner hearth 37 bottoms, to be stirred by electronic feeding-distribution device 28, loose, upset, mix formation turbulent flow accelerated combustion gasification with the air of limiting the quantity of, these rubbish residue coking knot cakes have been prevented, influence whole gasification, and combustion, the effect of motor 35 in the electronic feeding-distribution device 28, electronic feeding-distribution device 28 can be realized just changeing, the counter-rotating effect, therefore the just commentaries on classics by electronic feeding-distribution device 28, counter-rotating can be slag, carbon residue and junk are separated, unburnt high temperature carbon residue continues to stay the top participation gasification reduction reaction of electronic feeding-distribution device 28, produce more fuel gas, simultaneously, the slag in afterburnt falls down, and ejects by slag notch 34.
The cone-shaped bulk cargo sheet 24 of wherein electronic feeding-distribution device 28 mainly is for junk being stirred, the junk utilization rate being improved.
After mist enters spiral smoke box 22, after through spiral smoke box 22,, flow out, tar is flowed out from the tar outlet 21 that is arranged on spiral smoke box 22 bottoms from the hole of ring pipe 21 with making the tar in the mist obtain separating.
After high-temperature flue gas enters spiral smoke box 22, the junk of sending into from charging aperture 16 is preheated drying soon, simultaneously since the second-time burning fire tube 12 in the body of heater 1 very long with and go up the fin 11 of welding, therefore make junk preheating, drying, destructive distillation and pyrolysis abundant, the fuel gas of a large amount of hydrocarbon-containiproducts that produce is many more, therefore little to the water content restriction of junk, as long as the organic flammable composition in the junk can be kept burning, can be as carrying out gasification process in the body of heater 1; Be accompanied by a large amount of generations of air mixture and constantly burning, furnace temperature will constantly raise, and at this moment by the inlet of associated electrical movable valve control air, temperature is controlled in the needed scope, keeps to stablize required gasification temperature and thermal balance gets final product.
When needs go out combustion gas, open first electrically operated valve 41, close second electrically operated valve 42, can go out combustion gas by gas port 17; In like manner, when needs go out flue gas, open second electrically operated valve 42, close first electrically operated valve 41, can go out flue gas by flue gas mouth 18.
The effect of steam pipe 2 is the steam in the air mixture is resolved into hydrogen, oxygen, makes the sufficient combustion of relative refuse refuse.
In addition, safety valve 19 plays safety effect, and under the full situation of the flue gas in body of heater 1 occurring, safety valve 19 can be pushed open automatically, plays safety effect.
In addition, because motor 35 of the present invention is to be installed in body of heater 1 bottom, and separate with body of heater 1, simultaneously, electronic feeding-distribution device 28 is all made with high temperature resistant 1800 ℃ of alloy steel materials, and body of heater 1 liner uses the stainless steel of 310S to make, simultaneously, cooling water pipe 25 is installed in the rotating shaft 38 and with electronic feeding-distribution device 28 and cooperates, and life-span of the present invention is prolonged, further perfect effect of the present invention.
Embodiment two:
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: the second-time burning fire tube 12 of present embodiment is 12, and the effect that present embodiment and embodiment one are realized is constant.