Background technology
It is the emphasis research direction of China's Tenth Five-Year Plan Period efficient industrial agricultural project that the network information of industrialized agriculture obtains with intelligent environment control, also is that Future in China realizes one of the basis of Digital Agriculture and key technology.Along with popularizing and popularization of hothouse production technology, the technology of environment measuring and control and related device are also in continuous progress and development.Since the facilities horticulture industry of China developed gradually from the eighties in 20th century, the popularizing area in greenhouse had reached more than 2,000,000 hectares at present, is to promote the maximum country of greenhouse area in the world.But, most greenhouse vegetable production ubiquities yields poorly, inferior problem, mainly be because the environment conditioning and the administrative skill level of chamber facility are low, only can realize the individual event regulation and control to each envirment factor, mostly practical operation is that the producer has very big uncertainty with sensation by rule of thumb.
At present, China takes all factors into consideration and carries out the technical system establishment as yet of comprehensive comprehensively optimization control and management to environmental factors such as the light in the greenhouse, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer.Research to model analysis such as greenhouse implants growth and environmental relation, integrated environment prediction and Cultivation Expert System etc. is a lot, but lacks the data acquisition of carrying out envirment factor, obtain and the homemade facilities and equipment of transmission and even environment control.And no matter which kind of environment measuring and control appliance are generally all relying on fieldwork station or read-only storage data download, much all fail to realize real-time Data Transmission, and equipment is huge, the connection line complexity, and equipment room disturbs big.Simultaneously, problems such as also having power supply difficulty, poor reliability is set in the open air, and demands urgently further being improved.
Remote detection be utilize network system in the strange land to long-range field apparatus implement to monitor, test, and the technology of controlling according to status of equipment.In recent years, along with improving constantly of automaticity, remote control technology in the application of aspects such as the production process of all trades and professions and monitoring management more and more widely.As places such as factory, workshop, hospital, hotel, traffic intersection, banks, especially to places such as some hot environments, pernicious gas etc., it is particularly important that remote monitoring seems.Traditional remote monitoring is to have the low profile edge equipment of measuring ability by special circuit (RS-232, RS-485, CAN Bus) being connected to upper PC, be gateway with the information translation of special circuit with this PC is the ICP/IP protocol packet, is dealt into online realization information sharing then.But there is following shortcoming in this information sharing:
1, need do gateway with this PC and carry out protocol conversion, under the situation that a plurality of systems disperse, very inconvenience of special circuit wiring;
2, need special-purpose protocol conversion software be installed at upper PC, this software is provided by the third party software merchant usually, and expense is higher;
3, multiple fieldbus and depositing, cause each other connect and mutual operational issue is difficult to solve.
In addition, in traditional tele-control system, each embedded skinny device is formed on-the-spot net by fieldbus, the state information of each equipment detects by on-the-spot PC is touring, and accept action command from this PC, on-the-spot PC links to each other with Internet, and the remote monitoring main frame can read the state information of on-the-spot PC relevant devices by Internet, and control command is transferred to this PC.Though this scheme cost is low, can connect multiple skinny device, but all skinny devices must carry out transfer by a PC, therefore, network speed is slow, monitoring time is long, the transmission data are limited, remote monitoring center obtain not only real-time is poor, data type and quantity are also limited about the status data of each equipment, thereby make long-range real-time detection and control ability all be subjected to great restriction.Simultaneously, because the work on the spot environment is very abominable, stability and the reliability of on-the-spot PC there is higher requirement, and demands urgently further being improved.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments technical scheme of the present invention is further specified:
As shown in Figure 1, be structural representation of the present invention, a kind of greenhouse checkout gear, it comprises housing 1, overhead guard 2, transducer 3, central processing module 4 and power module 6; Its housing 1 is vertical cylindric, is divided into three sections that barrel dliameter reduces gradually from top to bottom, and it can play the protection internal components, waterproof, heat insulation and prevent the effect that the external electromagnetic signal disturbs; Its upper opening, the bottom barrel dliameter is less and offer hole 11 on sidewall, this hole 11 is as air vent hole, therefore this hole 11 is more than one hole or seam, and evenly distribute along housing 1 lower circumference, the position of this partial shell 1 imporosity 11 is covered by heat insulation high layer of reflective material 13, so that hole 11 inlet temperature can not be subjected to the influence of housing 1 temperature rise; Overhead guard 2 is arranged on the top of housing 1, and overhead guard 2 is mainly rainproof and prevents that other foreign material from falling into housing 1 inside; This overhead guard 2 leaves space 12 with the opening on housing 1 top, but the hole 11 on this space 12 and housing 1 and the lower housing portion sidewall forms the air channel that air feed stream A passes through; Housing 1 bottom thinner end prolongs also and is fixed on the ground, or inserts in the soil, make the present invention can held stationary in the face of land.
Transducer 3 is arranged on the top of close hole 11 in the housing 1, comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor and gas content transducer; Be provided with central processing module 4 near the upper opening place in the housing 1, the mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 that comprises analog loop, analog/digital signal conversion central processing unit, testing circuit, outside actuating mechanism controls loop in this central processing module 4 and forms by WLAN (wireless local area network) loop, ethernet concentrator, the webserver etc., and realization chipization; This central processing module 4 also has 16 sense channels and 2~4 control channels, in order to being connected the realization modularization with Ethernet interface with other equipment, transmits but the webserver is embedded the real-time network of realizing data in the central processing unit; This central processing module 4 is connected with transducer 3 circuit; Be provided with WLAN (wireless local area network) loop, ethernet concentrator, the webserver, serial communication interface, ethernet communication interface and radio network interface in the mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5; In order to reduce manufacturing cost, reduce the circuit board size and to help heat radiation in the device, mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 also can be arranged on the bottom of the central processing module 4 in the housing 1, also mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 and central processing module 4 can be set to one.Power module 6 is arranged on housing 1 interior central processing module 4 and mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 annexes are its power supply.
Components and parts in the central processing module 4 can generate heat, therefore be arranged on the heat radiation that helps central processing module 4 in the housing 1 near the upper opening place, the heat radiation of central processing module 4 simultaneously can drive mobile upward and 12 outflows from the space between overhead guard 2 and housing 1 upper opening of gas, and the gas of housing 1 outside can replenish along the hole on housing 1 lower sides 11 and enters housing 1 inside, thereby makes the housing 1 inner air current A that forms from bottom to top; Also be provided with blower fan 7 above housing 1 inner sensor 3, this blower fan 7 makes the air current A in the housing 1 flow more smooth and easy and helps the heat radiation of central processing module 4.
Transducer 3 can not be subjected to the influence of solar radiation to be converted into data rapidly the physical parameters such as temperature, humidity and gas content that flow into the gas of housing 1 by the hole on housing 1 lower sides 11, and is transferred to central processing module 4; The detection signal that central processing module 4 transmits by the outside transducer of installing (as intensity of illumination transducer and airstream velocity sensor etc.) of its 16 sense channel receiving systems simultaneously, and the data that transmit by transducer 3 by processing such as analog loop, analog/digital signal conversion central processing unit and testing circuits, and result is transferred to external equipment by mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5.
Also be provided with intensity of illumination transducer 21 on the overhead guard 2, this intensity of illumination transducer 21 is connected with central processing module 4 circuit, and the sunlight intensity information of responding to is reached central processing module 4; Overhead guard 2 is provided with solar panel 22 and is connected with central processing module 4 and transducer 3 circuit by power module 6, makes the greenhouse checkout gear not need external power supply to move by self generating; And intensity of illumination transducer 21 can be same illumination module with solar panel 22, and it was used as the intensity of illumination transducer, also can be used as supply module.
Housing 1 outer hole 11 following also set up many group solar panels 9, and it is a multilayer according to sequence arrangement up and down, and every layer solar cell plate 9 can be a slice or the above multiple combination of a slice, and can the Chaoyang direction of light does the inclination of certain angle; Can to obtain bigger illuminating area, absorb more solar energy by parallel or staggered or alternate manner assembled arrangement between each layer solar cell plate 9.Solar panel 9 is connected with a batteries 10, provides electric energy by batteries 10 to this device, or is combined as this device with the solar panel 22 on overhead guard 2 surfaces electric energy is provided.
The outside, housing 1 middle part is provided with LED lighting device 8 near the two ends boundary, and it can use superelevation briliancy light-emitting diode, makes the greenhouse checkout gear can be used as lighting apparatus simultaneously and uses.
Realize wireless connections and wireless data transmission by WLAN (wireless local area network) between the greenhouse checkout gear, also can utilize actuators such as photoelectric relay remote control warmer, ventilation fan.Can carry out Long-distance Control and the useful image information of image processing to being connected to digital camera of the present invention or network cameras needing to obtain.The interface software of this equipment will write down automatically and handle realtime graphic and data and make up corresponding database according to certain time interval, make various real time datas and image applications in application models such as prediction of other plant growth model and pest diagnosis.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, for circuit of the present invention is formed schematic diagram and circuit theory diagrams of the present invention, a kind of environmental monitoring installation, it comprises housing 40, is provided with in the housing 40 by central processing module 4 (H8/3069F), mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 (RTL8019AS) and power module 6 (MIC4680); Wherein central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) is connected with mixed-media network modules mixed-media 5 (RTL8019AS) by Ethernet interface (RJ45 specification), carries out the exchange of network packet.
Central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) has 4 sensor interfaces 41, can connect temperature sensor, humidity sensor, intensity of illumination transducer and CO
2Analog signal sensors such as gas content transducer.
Central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) has 8 control unit interfaces 42, can connect the lighting switch controller, fan swicth controller, heater switch controller and CO
2On-off controllers such as on-off controller.
Central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) has 1 RS232 interface 43, by this serial ports and compunication, also can realize the purpose of exchanges data.
The built-in temperature sensor 44 of central processing module 4 (H8/3069F), working temperature that can real time monitoring device inside.
Central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) is embedded with data processing, network service and bitcom.It supports general in the world TCP/IP procotol, is responsible for image data, and the WWW service of standard is provided, by http protocol real-time transmission data, configuration parameter and change IP address.
Be provided with wireless communication module 51, wired hub module 52 and safety verification module of software and hardware 53 in the wireless network module 5 (RTL8019AS), be responsible for transmission, the safety verification work of wireless and cable network.Wherein wireless communication module 51 has radio network interface 54, and wired hub module 52 has 4~8 Ethernet interfaces 55, and these interfaces all are the international standard network interface, supports the IEEE802.11a/11b/11g wireless protocols.The embedded routing management network service of chip, dynamic IP addressing are distributed (DHCP), communication encryption and authentication system.
Power module 6 (MIC4680) is external AC/DC power supply or built-in chargeable module or its combination; Because whole device power consumption only is 3~20W, so can use solar panel as power module.After adopting solar panel as power module, whole device no longer needs the power supply of external power supply circuit, and enforcement is very easy to, reliability is high, maintenance is easy.
Use mixed-media network modules mixed-media of the present invention to realize the network interconnection or be connected with public wireless network, distributed monitoring in can realizing on a large scale, this network configuration just can realize remote monitoring as long as place a station terminal in any table apparatus wireless network coverage, can not interfere with each other if monitor simultaneously also with many station terminals simultaneously.
Terminal equipment can use personal computer (Personal Computer), portable computer (Notebook), big-and-middle-sized server (Server) or adopt any electronic equipment that can browsing page such as PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) to carry out data acquisition and control.
As shown in Figure 4,, use a plurality of devices S1, S2, S3...Sn, form a Star Network by wireless network, and then be connected to terminal (S0) with wired (or wireless) for many device hub-and-spoke configuration connection diagrams.This width of cloth figure is used to illustrate that this equipment both can be used as the image data service equipment and used, and also can be used as radio network wire concentrator and uses.
As shown in Figure 5, be many device network structure connection diagrams, on the basis of Fig. 2, be the center to install 41 (S41), build a Star Network again, can certainly build Star Network for the center by any devices such as S1, S2...Sn, and the like can be recycled to always and build huge, a complicated mesh wireless network.
Embedded system is combined with Internet, the detection data of field apparatus are carried out remote collection, supervision and control, utilize ready-made ICP/IP protocol and universal network system, information directly is sent on the net, cost is low, and speed is fast.Usually, common embedded system or device translates are become Web server, adding ICP/IP protocol just can above Internet net.Therefore, reach its maturity based on the technology of the networked long distance control system of embedded Internet, and will become the technology main flow of long distance control system from now on.The embedded web server technology and equipment has following advantage:
1, do not need special-purpose communication line, can utilize existing World Wide Web resource;
2, speed is fast, has good real-time and interactivity and reliability;
3, not only data can be transmitted, pictures and sounds can also be transmitted;
4, TCP/IP and http protocol are ready-made and open and global general-use, can use any Web browser, and be irrelevant with operating platform;
5, information can directly be reflected on the webpage, and form can be data, image, form and voice, and real time data can be upgraded automatically, and the operation of equipment will in time be fed back;
6, all want that the subscriber computer of the information of receiving can show according to the needs of oneself and operate.
The long distance control system of networking is that the analog signal that transducer is exported is converted to digital signal by embedded control unit, and carries out networking output.Its main design philosophy is to utilize digital signal antidamping, characteristics that antijamming capability is strong, becomes analog signal transmission and carries out remote transmission into digital signal, to guarantee that TT﹠C system can access reliable signal.The supervisory control system of building networkization mainly solves following problem:
1, adds embedded control unit in the data acquisition unit, be responsible for data acquisition, data buffering and data communication;
2, select suitable data transmission technology and communication protocol;
3, upload the data to Internet, use for the various places researcher.
Embedded web server present stage mainly is to adopt 32 high-grade single-chip microcomputers, carries out software development on the platform of real-time multi-task operating system RTOS, realizes that in embedded system ICP/IP protocol handles.Communication function is mainly realized by dynamic web page.Dynamic web page utilizes the JAVA technology to realize, it is presented at the data that CPU handles on the Web page, sends to Internet, and the PC of client all can utilize Web browser to come read data and carry out remote control and regulation arbitrarily.These web storage are in the serial storage (HM5117800) that central processing module 4 (H8/3069F) is hung, comprise the data that the collection that refreshes is in real time returned in one of them webpage, another webpage is used for submitting to control data to give single-chip microcomputer, and the 3rd webpage is used for the IP address of real time modifying Web server.
First webpage utilizes Java Applet and JavaScript to be achieved, and client is connected on the Web server by URL, starts to client rs PC by HTTP after reading the good text of burning again.Text file on the Java Applet timing reading Web service device is to realize dynamic Data Update.
Second webpage given CPU in order to submit control data to, utilizes the method for HTTP and POST, and data are passed to embedded web server.
The 3rd webpage is to utilize HTTP and POST method that IP address set is transferred to Web server.
The embedded monitoring unit is the core of networked long distance control system, is made up of A/D converter, microcontroller and network interface etc.The A/D conversion becomes digital signal with the analog signal conversion of gathering earlier, carries out the telecommunication network transmission of monitor message then by ethernet controller and ICP/IP protocol, thereby finishes collection, conversion and the transfer function of data.Because present technique is to communicate by letter in local area network (LAN), can directly the packet in the application program be dressed up and be the Ether frame form, call built-in function and realize TCP/IP and the processing of UDP/IP Sockets protocol stack, removed from and sent data copy core space to from user's space operation, strengthen the real-time of system, reduced the throughput of system.
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) HTTP is the topmost mode of carrying out information exchange by Internet at present.Based on http protocol, utilize the CGI and the SSI technology of Internet net, in controller, set up Web server, web service is provided, can pass through the Internet remote access controller, realize monitoring to controller.Udp protocol does not need to set up in advance with keeping and is connected, and has little, the fireballing characteristics of overhead.Based on the communication (UDP) of frame, can interosculate with communicate by letter (TCP) and strengthen upper server performance and the check of communicating by letter that application layer is provided based on stream.
Internet communication protocol is had relatively high expectations to memory and arithmetic speed, so the technological difficulties of embedded Internet system are how to utilize microprocessor self Limited resources that information is carried out ICP/IP protocol to handle, and make it to become and can go up the IP packet of transmission by above Internet.Therefore, selecting suitable microprocessor is successfully to develop the key of embedded control unit.
The present invention is on the basis of ICP/IP protocol, adopt the Client/Server communication pattern to carry out networking communication programming, promptly embedded control unit as server, after the initialization of embedded unit, at first opened a TCP monitor port, when hearing that just setting up a TCP pipe box after a user asks connects, to realize the exchange transmission of control information (as the control datas such as form of sample frequency, sensor passage number and transfer of data).Afterwards, the data of gathering are issued user side continuously.Set up a virtual circuit at the receiving-transmitting sides of data transfer phase.By sequence of operations such as the shaking hands of TCP/IP protocol suite, transmission, verification, affirmation and replacements, guarantee the correct arrival of data, the action of real time monitoring control unit is with automatically reseting and reinitializing controller simultaneously.
At present, existing many model machines of this device are applied in the environment measuring in tissue culture room and greenhouse, this device has not only been realized the Real-time and Dynamic Detection and the wireless data transmission of various environmental key-elements, its production cost be existing equal measuring ability equipment cost 1/8~1/5, have good commercial application prospect.
The present invention is combined into a module to the various environmentally sensitive instrument that need, network digital camera, superelevation briliancy LED illumination, analog loop, outside actuating mechanism controls loop, A/D conversion CPU, WLAN (wireless local area network), ethernet concentrator, the webserver etc., connect by Ethernet between each parts, be connected to other wireless devices or work station by WLAN (wireless local area network) again and it is detected data carry out real-time dynamic transmission.Simultaneously, can the remote control ventilation, actuators such as cooling, irrigation, but also remote control and image processing are planted the biomass useful information with what needing to obtain to digital camera.All detect data can be directly connected to Universal Database or application program, is used for networking or the actual production field and the applications such as flower garden illumination or beautification of landscape of environment control, upgrowth situation monitoring, plant quality detection, production management, pest diagnosis, city and remote districts.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to the explanation the present invention and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this specification has been described in detail the present invention with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment,, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.