CN100459355C - Transmission line distance protecting method - Google Patents
Transmission line distance protecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100459355C CN100459355C CNB2006100131412A CN200610013141A CN100459355C CN 100459355 C CN100459355 C CN 100459355C CN B2006100131412 A CNB2006100131412 A CN B2006100131412A CN 200610013141 A CN200610013141 A CN 200610013141A CN 100459355 C CN100459355 C CN 100459355C
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method for protecting distance of transmission lines, which puts forward a distance protection method of negative sequence and positive sequence mutation volume based on the Bergeion model, in which, the negative sequence distance protection is used in protecting circuits of various fault kinds except three-phase fault and the positive sequence mutation distance protection is especially used in protecting the circuit when three-phase fault happens so as to realize complete distance protection by combining negative and positive mutation volume.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power system transmission line relaying protection field, relate in particular to a kind of power transmission line distance protecting method.
Background technology
Distance protection is the guard method that is most widely used in the Transmission Network of Power System.Ultra-high-tension power transmission line adopts distance protection as the circuit main protection, adopts the backup protection of distance protection as circuit on super, the UHV transmission line, and the circuit that has also adopts apart from pilot protection as super, extra high voltage line main protection.The distance protection of power system transmission line extensive use at present comprises based on the distance protection of measuring impedance and power frequency variation apart from protection.
Based on the distance protection of measuring impedance is to distinguish internal fault external fault to what protect the installation place apart from length by the measurement short dot.It has the system operation mode of being subjected to influences advantages such as little; but the distance protection of this method is subjected to the influence of system oscillation very big; and when the transmission line course of emergency crossed Resistance Fault, distance protection was measured the impedance meeting and is subjected to the influence of transition resistance to make protection surmount or the tripping problem.In addition, when this distance protection was applied to the ultra high voltage long-distance transmission line, because circuit is significant distributed constant characteristic, therefore measuring impedance was not directly proportional the complexity of adjusting that makes distance protection with fault distance; The circuit capacitance current is very big simultaneously, may influence the correct operation of distance protection.
Power frequency variation is the distance protecting method that constitutes by the sudden change of reaction operating voltage amplitude apart from protection.It is less that this method has the influence of the system oscillation of being subjected to, the stronger advantage of anti-transition resistance ability.But the sudden change amount of the operating voltage that this method is utilized only exists at the fault initial stage, so this protection can not reliably realize surpassing, the UHV transmission line backup protection.Simultaneously, because UHV transmission line distributed constant characteristic makes power frequency variation may surmount phenomenon apart from protection.
Therefore, at the own characteristic of transmission line and to the requirement of relaying protection, need better, the more practical distance protecting method of research performance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the various defectives that overcome existing transmission line distance protecting method; a kind of influence that can overcome capacitance current to protection is proposed; avoid the tripping that traditional distance protection may exist or surmount phenomenon; and can after taking place, fault judge the more reliable power transmission line distance protecting method of result of determination all the time to nature of trouble.
The Bei Ruilong model of circuit is a kind of more accurate transmission line model, the relation of electric current and voltage between 2 in circuit when it has reflected the inner fault-free of transmission line.What the present invention proposed is that a kind of negative phase-sequence and positive sequence based on the Bei Ruilong model is suddenlyd change span from guard method.The negative phase-sequence distance protection is used for protection circuit other various fault types except that three-phase fault; and positive sequence sudden change span is specifically designed to the situation of protection circuit generation three-phase fault from protection, therefore combines with negative phase-sequence and positive sequence sudden change amount and can realize complete distance protection.The method of the two is in full accord, all based on circuit Bei Ruilong model.
The distance protecting method that the present invention proposes comprises the steps:
(1) when circuit just often, protective relaying device is gathered magnitude of voltage and the current value that the transmission line head end is promptly protected the installation place in real time, and utilizes the Bei Ruilong model to calculate the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of protection range end in real time;
(2) when line failure, protective relaying device is still gathered the magnitude of voltage and the current value of transmission line head end in real time, distinguishes fault type by the fault phase selection element simultaneously;
(3) if fault type is a single-phase fault, at first head end magnitude of voltage and the current value that collects in real time according to step (2) utilizes the negative sequence voltage value of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and is referred to as to protect operating value; Calculate the three-phase voltage of protection range end simultaneously; Make again that the fault phase voltage is 0, calculate the negative sequence voltage value by this three-phase voltage, and be referred to as to protect definite value;
If fault type is phase-to phase fault or alternate earth fault, at first head end magnitude of voltage and the current value that collects in real time according to step (2) utilizes the negative phase-sequence line magnitude of voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and is referred to as to protect operating value; Calculate three line voltages of protection range end simultaneously; The line voltage that makes the phase-to phase fault correspondence again is 0, calculates negative phase-sequence line magnitude of voltage by these three line voltages, and is referred to as to protect definite value;
Otherwise when prior fault must be a three-phase fault, the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of the protection range end before the fault that is calculated by step (1) during normal operation is as the protection definite value; Head end magnitude of voltage and current value after the fault that collects according to step (2) utilize the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and are referred to as to protect operating value;
(4) will compare with the protection definite value by the protection operating value that step (3) calculate, if the protection operating value, judges then that working as prior fault occurs in outside the protection range less than the protection definite value; If the protection operating value, judges then that working as prior fault occurs within the protection range greater than the protection definite value; Otherwise failure judgement occurs in the protection range end just.
Utilize each phase voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end to carry out according to following method:
(1) utilize protective relaying device to gather each voltage and current phasor in real time;
(2) carry out phase-modular transformation, voltage, electric current phasor are converted to modulus;
(3) will be converted to voltage, the current sampling data substitution Bei Ruilong equation of modulus, calculate each mode voltage value of protection range end;
(4) each mode voltage of the protection range end that calculates is carried out mould-phase inversion, calculate three-phase voltage.
Utilize each line voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end to carry out according to following method:
(1) utilize protective relaying device to gather three-way magnitude of voltage and line current value in real time;
(2) carry out phase-modular transformation, three-way magnitude of voltage, line current value are converted to modulus;
(3) will be converted to line voltage, the line current sampled value substitution Bei Ruilong equation of modulus, calculate each loft magnitude of voltage of protection range end;
(4) each mode voltage of the protection range end that calculates is carried out mould-line conversion, calculate three-way voltage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has outstanding advantage:
1. negative phase-sequence distance protection and the protection of positive sequence sudden change amount based on the Bei Ruilong model is not subjected to the circuit effects of distribution parameters, has clear and definite protection range under the metallicity failure condition.And can not accurately reflect fault distance based on the measurement impedance of the traditional distance protection of measuring impedance; Power frequency variation is applied to surpass, exists during the ultra high voltage long transmission line and surmount problem apart from protection.The present invention has all overcome above shortcoming on method.
2. traditional distance protection is subjected to the influence of system oscillation, and power frequency variation is influenced by system oscillation apart from protection little, is preface component the pure fault component and distance protecting method of the present invention utilizes from method, has therefore avoided the influence of system oscillation from method.
3. when being installed on the sending end of circuit and receiving end based on the traditional distance protection of measuring impedance, tripping occurring or surmount problem owing to the influence of load current may cause distance protection to be judged when high resistive fault.And distance protecting method of the present invention utilizes negative sequence component and positive sequence sudden change amount, therefore is not subjected to the influence of load current, guarantees that from method the distance protection of this method has consistent operating characteristics in different installation sites.
4. power frequency variation is a fault sudden change amount apart from what protect utilization, and this sudden change amount only exists at the fault initial stage, so the time utilized that its protection is judged is very short.And the negative sequence component in the negative phase-sequence distance protection among the present invention exists after fault all the time, so its judgement up duration is long, can constitute the backup protection scheme super, that UHV transmission line is good.
Description of drawings
Result of determination schematic diagram when Fig. 1 breaks down in the circuit different location for guard method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 carries out the schematic flow sheet that single-phase fault is judged for guard method of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of negative phase-sequence distance protection and positive sequence and suddenly change span from protection based on circuit Bei Ruilong model.Wherein the negative phase-sequence distance protection is used for protection circuit other various fault types except that three-phase fault, and positive sequence sudden change span is specifically designed to the situation of protection circuit generation three-phase fault from protection, as replenishing of negative phase-sequence distance protection.Therefore negative phase-sequence and positive sequence sudden change span combines from protection and has constituted the perfect distance protection new departure of transmission line.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done detailed introduction.Before introducing in detail, at first the Bei Ruilong model is done one and simply introduce.
1. transmission line Bei Ruilong model
Between each phase of transmission line coupled relation is arranged, phase voltage, electric current and line parameter circuit value etc. can be converted to mold component by certain transition matrix.The Bei Ruilong model is the circuit Equivalent Model of all setting up on each modulus.
If u
m, i
mAnd u
n, i
nBe respectively voltage, the current-mode component at circuit two ends, the electric current positive direction is defined as by bus and flows to circuit.Can get by the Bei Ruilong model:
[u
m(t)i
m(t)]
T＝T[u
n(t)i
n(t)]
T (1)
Transmission matrix T is the two-dimensional matrix by the line parameter circuit value decision.In actual applications, as long as will protect the phasor u of installation place
M φ, i
M φ(Φ=a, b, c) is converted to modulus u by transition matrix S
Mi, i
Mi(i=0,1,2) so just set up the relation between any point electric current and voltage and protection installation place electric current and voltage on the circuit.
Guo Zheng, He Jiali is published in Automation of Electric Systems, and 2004,28 (11) paper " new principle of power transmission line longitudinal differential protection " has been done more detailed introduction to the Bei Ruilong model.
2. the method for negative phase-sequence distance protection
The negative phase-sequence distance protection is applicable to the various unbalanced fault types (comprise single phase ground fault, two-phase phase-to phase fault, double earthfault) of protection except that three-phase fault.If the protection range of negative phase-sequence distance protection I section be circuit from bus M to y the length l the point
SetVoltage, electric current that negative phase-sequence distance protection installation place collects are respectively u
Ma, u
Mb, u
Mc, i
Ma, i
Mb, i
Mc
For dissimilar faults (removing three-phase fault), the decision method of negative phase-sequence distance protection is on all four.Unique difference is that asking for of negative sequence component under single-phase and the phase to phase fault situation is different: the negative sequence voltage during single phase ground fault in the negative phase-sequence distance protection, current component adopt the phase voltage conversion to ask for negative sequence component; Negative sequence voltage, current component adopt the line voltage transitions to ask for negative sequence component under two-phase phase-to phase fault and the double earthfault situation.The decision method of negative phase-sequence distance protection is as follows:
During line failure, the fault point negative sequence voltage
Amplitude the highest.When supposing that A phase earth fault takes place circuit, the preface component is resolved in phase voltage, electric current decoupling zero that the protection installation place collects, can calculate the negative sequence voltage that the terminal y of protection range is ordered according to the auspicious carina of shellfish road equation and the negative sequence voltage of protecting the installation place and electric current
And the y three-phase voltage of ordering
It is the A phase fault that the protection phase selection element is judged current, and the metallic earthing fault takes place the y point of then establishing the protection range end, promptly
By phase voltage vector
Calculate the negative sequence voltage that y is ordered
Analyze as can be known
Therefore, when fault just occurs in the terminal y point of protection range, U as can be known
Y2'=U
Y2In the time of outside fault occurs in the district, U
Y2'＞U
Y2In the time of in fault occurs in the district, U
Y2'＜U
Y2Analysis result as shown in Figure 1.
When supposing that the alternate earth fault of AB phase-to phase fault or AB takes place circuit, the preface component is resolved in line voltage, electric current decoupling zero that the protection installation place collects, can calculate the negative phase-sequence line voltage that the terminal y of protection range is ordered according to the auspicious carina of shellfish road equation
And three line voltages
The protection phase selection element judges to be the AB phase fault, then can to think current
By the line voltage vector
Calculate the negative phase-sequence line voltage that y is ordered
Other judge with the negative phase-sequence range estimation of single-phase fault in full accord.
Therefore, the criterion of negative phase-sequence distance protection is as follows:
3. positive sequence sudden change span is from the method for protection
The negative phase-sequence distance protection goes for any fault type except that three-phase fault.When three-phase fault, negative sequence voltage does not exist, so the negative phase-sequence distance protection can not be protected three-phase fault.At three-phase fault, can adopt positive sequence sudden change span from protection.This method and negative phase-sequence distance protection are identical, and difference only is that this method is to calculate the sudden change amount of positive sequence voltage.
The decision method of this method is as follows: when circuit normally moved, the positive sequence voltage of protection range end was calculated in protection in real time
Behind line failure, the preface component is resolved in line voltage, electric current decoupling zero that the protection installation place collects, can calculate the positive sequence voltage that the terminal y of protection range is ordered according to the auspicious carina of shellfish road equation and the positive sequence voltage of protecting the installation place and electric current
Decision method is with negative phase-sequence distance protection unanimity, that is: when fault just occurs in the terminal y point of protection range, and U as can be known
Y1'=U
Y1In the time of outside fault occurs in the district, U
Y1'＞U
Y1In the time of in fault occurs in the district, U
Y1'＜U
Y1
Negative phase-sequence distance protection and positive sequence sudden change span are in full accord from the method realization of protection, and the single-phase fault with the negative phase-sequence distance protection is judged to be the flow process that example explanation the present invention carries out fault verification here, as shown in Figure 2:
1. the voltage u that at first protective relaying device is collected in real time
Ma, u
Mb, u
Mc, current i
Ma, i
Mb, i
McCarry out phase-modular transformation, voltage, electric current phasor are converted to modulus.Phase-modular transformation matrix can be selected symmetrical component method transformation matrix, triumphant human relations Bel transformation matrix etc.
2. will be converted to voltage, the current sampling data substitution Bei Ruilong equation (1) of modulus, calculate each mode voltage value that the terminal y of protection range is ordered.
3. each mode voltage that the y that calculates is ordered is carried out mould-phase inversion, calculates the three-phase voltage that y is ordered
4. calculate the negative sequence voltage that y is ordered
5. select the phase result according to protection, calculate the protection definite value
Judge that such as protection working as prior fault is the A phase fault, then establishes
By phase voltage vector
Calculate the protection definite value
6. work as U
Y2〉=U
Y2In ' time, the protection judgement comprises in the protection range of protecting the border when prior fault occurs in; Work as U
Y2＜U
Y2In ' time, protection judges that working as prior fault occurs in outside the protection range.
7. if judge that fault occurs in the protection range, then protective relaying device sends trip signal, the excision fault; If judge that fault occurs in outside the protection range, then protective relaying device is failure to actuate.
Above-mentioned flow process shows, the present invention is based on comparatively accurate transmission line Bei Ruilong model, calculates the terminal negative sequence voltage of protection range
With the protection definite value
Analyze as can be known when internal fault external fault,
With
Amplitude have distinct magnitude relationship, therefore, can judge accurately by the amplitude size of judging the two whether line fault occurs in the protection range of distance protection.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of transmission line distance protecting method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) when circuit just often, protective relaying device is gathered the magnitude of voltage and the current value at transmission line head end place in real time, and utilizes the Bei Ruilong model to calculate the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of protection range end in real time;
(2) when line failure, protective relaying device is still gathered the magnitude of voltage and the current value of transmission line head end in real time, distinguishes fault type by the fault phase selection element simultaneously;
(3) if fault type is a single-phase fault, at first head end magnitude of voltage and the current value that collects in real time according to step (2) utilizes the negative sequence voltage value of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and is referred to as to protect operating value; Gather the three-phase voltage that the voltage, the current data that collect in real time calculate the protection range end when simultaneously, utilization is broken down; Make again that the fault phase voltage is 0, calculate the negative sequence voltage value by this three-phase voltage, and be referred to as to protect definite value;
If fault type is phase-to phase fault or alternate earth fault, at first head end magnitude of voltage and the current value that collects in real time according to step (2) utilizes the negative phase-sequence line magnitude of voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and is referred to as to protect operating value;
Gather three line voltages that the voltage, the current data that collect in real time calculate the protection range end when simultaneously, utilization is broken down; The line voltage that makes the phase-to phase fault correspondence again is 0, calculates negative phase-sequence line magnitude of voltage by these three line voltages, and is referred to as to protect definite value;
Otherwise when prior fault must be a three-phase fault, the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of the protection range end before the fault that is calculated by step (1) during normal operation is as the protection definite value; Head end magnitude of voltage and current value after the fault that collects according to step (2) utilize the positive sequence line magnitude of voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end, and are referred to as to protect operating value;
(4) according to fault type be single-phase fault, phase-to phase fault, alternate earth fault or three-phase fault different situations and by step (3) calculate and fault type corresponding protection operating value with the protection definite value, should protect operating value to compare with the protection definite value, if the protection operating value, judges then that working as prior fault occurs in outside the protection range less than the protection definite value; If the protection operating value, judges then that working as prior fault occurs within the protection range greater than the protection definite value; Otherwise failure judgement occurs in the protection range end just.
2, transmission line distance protecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes the method for each phase voltage of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end to comprise the following steps:
1) utilize protective relaying device to gather the protection installation place three-phase voltage and the three-phase current phasor of transmission line in real time;
2) carry out phase-modular transformation, voltage, electric current phasor that protection in the step 1) is collected are converted to modulus;
3) will be converted to voltage, the current sampling data substitution Bei Ruilong equation of modulus, calculate each mode voltage value of protection range end;
4) each mode voltage of the protection range end that calculates is carried out mould-phase inversion, calculate three-phase voltage.
3, transmission line distance protecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, utilizes each line voltage method of Bei Ruilong Model Calculation protection range end to comprise the following steps:
1) utilize protective relaying device to gather three the line magnitudes of voltage in line protection installation place and three line current values in real time;
2) carry out phase-modular transformation, three line magnitudes of voltage, three line current values that protection in the step 1) is collected are converted to modulus;
3) will be converted to line voltage, the line current sampled value substitution Bei Ruilong equation of modulus, calculate each loft magnitude of voltage of protection range end;
4) each mode voltage of the protection range end that calculates is carried out mould-line conversion, calculate three-way voltage.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100131412A CN100459355C (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2006-01-26 | Transmission line distance protecting method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100131412A CN100459355C (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2006-01-26 | Transmission line distance protecting method |
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| CN100459355C true CN100459355C (en) | 2009-02-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010148570A1 (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2010-12-29 | Abb Research Ltd. | Method for identifying type of fault on power line |
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| EP3088906B1 (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-08-30 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Fault location detection and distance protection apparatus and associated method |
| CN105024364A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-04 | 国家电网公司 | Analysis method for influence on distance protection caused by access of large-scale wind power equipment to AC/DC hybrid system |
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| CN109004619B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2022-04-29 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Hybrid line distance protection setting calculation method |
| CN112345977B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-11-24 | 河南华润电力首阳山有限公司 | Electrical equipment and PT secondary circuit disconnection judging method, system and device thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| US10141736B2 (en) | 2009-06-26 | 2018-11-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Method for identifying type of fault on power line |
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