CN87100595A - Double adaptive complex impedance ground distance protection - Google Patents
Double adaptive complex impedance ground distance protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN87100595A CN87100595A CN198787100595A CN87100595A CN87100595A CN 87100595 A CN87100595 A CN 87100595A CN 198787100595 A CN198787100595 A CN 198787100595A CN 87100595 A CN87100595 A CN 87100595A CN 87100595 A CN87100595 A CN 87100595A
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- phase
- partly
- impedance
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- distance protection
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of ground distance protection with impedance self-adaptive performance.
Adopt double adaptive composite impedance measuring relay, and utilize the partly independent mutually ground distance protection of realizing out-of-step blocking of wherein choosing.Eliminated the influence of transition resistance from principle to measuring distance; And solved system operation mode and protected definite value allowing the influence of transition resistance.Can realize reliably in time that out-of-step blocking can make circuit not break away from protection again.
Description
Along with power system development, the extra-high voltage web frame is complicated day by day, and the variation of its operational mode is also very big, and ground distance protection also just extensively needs.
Up to the present, the ground distance protection device that countries in the world are used, its impedance measurement element all utilize full electric parameters to realize.Therefore under the influence of fault point transition resistance and out of phase increasing-aid current, it is stable that its protection range can not keep, and elongates or shortens phenomenon and produce, and might surmount misoperation or lose directivity.Rock geology place ground connection and through the fault of high-stem plant ground connection, it allows transition resistance value is not enough to this class impedance relay for circuit.Be particularly useful for the short-term road situation, may do not have protective effect.
The fault amount has appearred utilizing in recent years both at home and abroad
With reference to than surmount the malfunction problem with solution, still because its based measurement amount is full electric parameters, so the defective of other several respects does not still solve.Use the earth fault amount
Make amount of polarization; respectively with the three-phase measuring voltage than the heterogeneous earthing distance relay of short-term road mutually, though solved the stable problem of protection range, also improved simultaneously permission transition resistance value; satisfy the requirement of short-term road ground protection, but can not be applicable to long transmission line slightly.And exist be subjected to definite value and behind power supply capacity limit and allow the big inadequately shortcoming of transition resistance value.
With the fault amount
Make the impedance measurement principle of amount of polarization and do not react full phase oscillation, when earth fault and oscillating phase are overlapping, also incorrect measurement can take place, thereby need additional surge guard.Existing surge guard all be the reaction fault just transient protection mounting points electric parameters change and move, open in short-term to protection, carry out locking then, generally be to take to vibrate to calm down after the mode of one section time-delay involution.The shortcoming of this class out-of-step blocking is: the development of vibrating after the fault is very fast, in its operating period measuring component possibility misoperation; Circuit breaks away from protection in a period of time after the vibration neutralization is calmed down, meets evolved fault or successive failure tripping then takes place.
The compound impedance ground relay of double adaptive proposed by the invention has been eliminated the influence of factors such as transition resistance, system operation mode to measuring distance from principle, and protects factors such as definite value, power supply capacity to allowing the influence of ground connection transition resistance value.Its characteristic be by three groups than phase equations limit jointly.Can be divided into following three partly by its function:
1) range measurement part
Get
Be amount of polarization and measuring voltage
Than phase, when
Hysteresis by
The prescribe a time limit measure portion action of fixed trip boundary, its operation condition equation is:
In the formula: the terminal short circuit of-protected circuit
Between the phase angle
R
gThe ground connection transition resistance of-fault point
The K-zero sequence current compensation factor
Z
fThe impedance of-faulted line segment
Z
RThe impedance of adjusting of-measuring component
Im-gets the symbol of imaginary value
From formula (1) when
With in the phase time bracket back one no matter R get any value and all do not have imaginary number output, Z
RWith line impedance Z
1lImpedance angle identical and represent with impedance of circuit unit and length, through arrangement then L
f-L
R≤ 0.At last with the fault point distance L
fWith the distance L of adjusting a little
RDifference be operation condition.This action impedance characteristic that this impedance relay just is described can adapt automatically with the experience impedance variation that ground connection transition resistance and increasing-aid current are brought, and it is constant to be maintained protection range.The range measurement principle of moving so it is only a kind of real reaction position of failure point.Utilize
Then measure when making amount of polarization and partly have directivity.
2) self adaptation of permission transition value partly
Be in the receiving end of single phase ground fault circuit and the hysteresis fault phase time of two phase ground short circuit, under the influence of big ground connection transition resistance, abnormal working position will occur.When the transition resistance R
gIncrease to and make
Behind the electromotive force of equal value of leading protection mounting points behind, measure the malfunction that surmounts that district's internal short-circuit tripping or external area error partly will occur.
Surmount malfunction when preventing external short-circuit, increasing by one in compound phase of impedance relay can adjust the link that allows resistance value automatically according to system running state, allows resistance to reach the maximum possible value to guarantee to make under the condition that malfunction does not take place.Utilize
With
Be decided to be than the phase and the phase place of will moving
Lag behind
4 °-5 °-240 °, with its limit movement phase place at 3I
O ΣLag behind in the potential range of protective device behind, its operation equation formula is:
α in the formula
1And α
2Be respectively 5 ° and 60 °.Two than phase formula, with " or " relation output.This partly allows the transition resistance value transition resistance value of misoperation partly to occur less than range measurement in compound phase of impedance relay, and limits whole relay by AND gate and export the misoperation signal.Allow the automatic adjustment of transition resistance value partly to allow resistance value, change with system operational parameters, and reliably preventing will to allow resistance value to bring up to maximum under the preceding topic of malfunction, make the permission resistance value of compound phase of impedance relay have adaptive performance to system parameters.When faulty line after opposite end tripping or the tripping of neck prior fault phase, this partly disappears automatically to the restriction of the permission resistance value of composite impedance.
(3) choosing phase part and out-of-step blocking
Adopt the choosing phase part of direction impedance as compound phase of impedance, its operation equation formula is:
In the formula
The measuring voltage of-the load impedance of hiding;
-protection is by decorateeing phase voltage; α-action phase angle
As is generally known direction impedance element is when single-phase earthing, non-fault phase element may misoperation under some situation.In conjunction with the characteristics of this ground distance protection principle, the permission resistance value of composite impedance depends mainly on the choosing operating characteristics of part mutually, needs the correct fault phase of selecting operate as normal simultaneously.The present invention takes following measures:
A) the sensitive angle α of maximum is turned down between 45 °-60 °, reduce the possibility that the preceding non-fault of neck is selected the misoperation of phase part mutually simultaneously to increase the protective resistance ability.
B) carry out the circulation locking mutually to lagging behind, to eliminate the misoperation of hysteresis phase composite impedance.
C) under individual cases, can suitably reduce zero sequence current compensation factor K value, to guarantee correctly to select the fault phase of operate as normal by preventing to lead preceding non-fault to select mutually the partly condition of malfunction mutually.
Range measurement in the compound phase of impedance partly is not react transition resistance in the ideal case, and therefore the permission resistance value of compound phase of impedance reduces the maximum sensitive angle of phase selection element direction impedance operator by choosing partly decision mutually, just can increase the permission resistance value.
Do not make the characteristics of three-phase symmetrical fault protection according to ground distance, utilize in three composite impedances choosing mutually partly operate condition for criterion to realize this ground distance protection out-of-step blocking: have only one or two action in three phase selection elements, be judged as earth fault and allow tripping operation; If three phase selection elements all move, then be judged as vibration and in addition locking of protective device.Adopt this out-of-step blocking, resolving power is higher and the electronic component reaction speed is very fast, realizes out-of-step blocking and returns in several milliseconds and can finish, and can accomplish that so in time locking reliably can make circuit not break away from protection again.When earth fault and vibration when overlapping, fault is selected mutually and partly is in operate condition mutually, and angle of oscillation increases and at first makes non-fault select mutually partly action mutually between the electromotive force of equal value of circuit both sides, and surge guard output block signal can prevent partly misoperation of range measurement; Angle of oscillation narrows down to and makes non-fault select phase partly to return the locking of releasing to protection mutually when between electromotive force; allow transition resistance self adaptation operation condition partly if satisfy again simultaneously; then fault is at a distance of can correct measurement from measuring partly just, and the fault of action excision at any time.
Embodiments of the invention: as shown in Figure 1,1,3,4,5 is the logical worry of 50 week bands ripple device; 2,6 are the phase shift loop; 7,8,9,11,13 are square wave formation loop; 10,12,14 is that anti-phase square wave forms the loop; 15,16,17, for than phase loop; 18 are the circulation locked loop; 19 is compound AND gate, and 20 is time component.
Compound ground connection phase of impedance relay be by
Four electric parameters are carried out three groups respectively than phase, and the output of three groups of phase comparators is finished the compound X of having, R double adaptive performance on the function by AND gate.
-the measuring voltage of adjusting by the load impedance of hiding;
Range measurement partly
Realization than phase: at first make
Through considering ripple device 5, phase shifter 6, square waveform grow up to be a useful person 13, and anti-phase square waveform grows up to be a useful person 14;
Through filter 4, square waveform grows up to be a useful person 11, and anti-phase square waveform grows up to be a useful person 12; Undertaken than phase by phase comparator 17 then.Because under system's normal operation
Do not exist therefore can not adopt the partial sum gate phase comparator and must adopt two amounts to exist simultaneously and its phase place just have when satisfying operation condition output " with " the OR-gate phase comparator.
Allow the transition resistance self adaptation partly
Realization than phase: at first make
Through considering ripple device 3, square waveform grows up to be a useful person 9, and negative side's waveform grows up to be a useful person 10; Then with above-mentioned whole ripple after
Undertaken than phase by phase comparator 16.Since the action phase range from
Lag behind
Therefore 4 °～5 °-240 °, must employing can satisfy the special phase comparator of this requirement
Choosing mutually partly
Realization than phase: at first make
Through considering ripple device 1, square waveform grows up to be a useful person 7;
Adjust for nearly 45 ° according to the sensitive corner connection of maximum through phase shifter 2, to increase the protective resistance ability; Carry out than phase through partial sum gate phase comparator 15 then.The output of fault phase phase comparator 15 is by the output of circulation locked loop locking hysteresis phase, if do not have output signal mutually before the neck this moment, then fault is selected mutually partly action mutually.
More than three partly than phase result, add the common compound AND gate 19 of input of zero-sequence current starting and be grounded distance protection.By delay cell 20 starting trip(ping) circuits.
As shown in Figure 2: the utility model ground distance protection device is by current element
, voltage component
, six AND gates in three compound phase of impedance relays and the logical circuit, five OR-gates, nine "No" loops and ten time components are formed.And tripping operation power supply relay Qj is arranged, protect section transfer relay QHj and signal relay X, VX.
1. three segment distances are measured partly: A, B, C three composite impedance relays mutually pass through time component 2 respectively; 3; 4 output to OR-gate 4, and tripping operation output OR-gate 5 is arrived in "No" 9 loops of switching through the "No" loop 7 and the protection section of out-of-step blocking then.The second segment protect loop outputed to time component 8 before "No" 9.Also can send a signal to OR-gate 5 through time-delay; The 3rd section be from choosing mutually partly by OR-gate 2 to "No" loop 6, output signal is to time element 9, outputs to AND gate 6 simultaneously so that starting tripping operation power supply relay Qj, through the time delay also can be by OR-gate 5 tripping operations."No" loop 6 output signals are to time element 9, simultaneously through "No" 8 and time element 10 starting transfer relays.It is in order to guarantee the not switching of the section of protection in first section tripping operation process that "No" 8 is introduced in this loop.
2. work as A, B, when three of C choosing partly all had output mutually, AND gate 4 had output, and in addition locking of instantaneous output by 7 pairs of each the phase composite impedance relays in "No" loop prevents misoperation.Out-of-step blocking is partly by A, B, the choosing of C three-phase composite impedance relay mutually partly, AND gate 4, time component 5 and "No" loop 7 are formed.AND gate 4 no-outputs when any phase of circuit or two-phase generation earth fault, "No" loop 7 no signals, then the actuating signal of fault phase composite impedance relay can reach trip(ping) circuit, if external short-circuit when both sides power supply angle of oscillation increases to make non-fault select mutually partly action mutually after, three choosings partly all output to AND gate 4 mutually, and by the time part element 5 outputs not signal just can prevent the malfunction of composite impedance relay to "No" loop 7.Time component 5 returns slightly the band time-delay, to prevent that reducing choosing in the process at pivot angle has in partly mutually to return faster than the complex impedance element of misoperation and cause misoperation.AND gate 4, output be by the in addition locking of 6 pairs the 3rd section of "No", and prevent unnecessary switching.
3. breakage lock device loop: when the voltage circuit broken string has only
, non-zero-sequence current I
02And when being failure to actuate,
Signal passes through "No" 2 elapsed time element 1 initiating signal relay VX again, exports a block signal through "No" 1 locking I with this moment
02Output, prevent external short circuit zero-sequence current I, current element action and cause misoperation, this moment AND gate 6, when no I by signal, then inoperative current relay Qj, and prevent misoperation.
Reclosing post acceleration and closing by hand signal for faster by " or " 1 feed signals is to AND gate 5, and I is arranged at this moment
01Signal or have choosing mutually partly actuating signal by " or " 3, then can quicken tripping operation by time component 6.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of ground distance protection method is characterized in that:
A) the action impedance characteristic of used impedance relay can change from adapting with ground connection transition impedance, system operational parameters and experience impedance that increasing-aid current brought, be by three groups than phase equations limit jointly;
One. get
Than phase, partly as range measurement;
Two. utilize
Than phase, partly as the transition self adaptation;
Three. adopt
Than choosing phase part as composite impedance.
B) utilize the operate condition of choosing phase part in three composite impedances to be criterion, the independent out-of-step blocking of realizing this ground distance protection.
2, as claim 1(a) one, described ground distance protection method is characterized in that X value self adaptation is got in the double adaptive characteristic
Be amount of polarization and measuring voltage
Than phase, and with
Be the action realization condition.
3, as claim 1(a) two, described ground distance protection method is characterized in that in the double adaptive characteristic that R value self adaptation is to utilize U and U than mutually, and with
Two formulas " or " be output as the action realization condition.
4, as claim 1(a) three, the choosing that it is characterized in that adopting the direction impedance to do compound impedance of described ground distance protection method mutually partly, and have following increase protective resistance ability and raising to select the method for reliability mutually:
A) shifting the phase place operation condition gets
The preceding non-fault of neck is selected mutually the partly possibility of malfunction mutually in the time of can increasing the protective resistance ability and can reduce single-phase earthing;
B) moving the circulation closedown mode limit retardation of locking hysteresis phase before taking to lead mutually selects mutually partly the phase of falsely dropping mutually;
C) take to reduce the method for zero sequence current compensation factor K value, non-fault phase falsely drops phase before can preventing from reliably to lead.
5, as claim 1(b) described ground distance protection method it is characterized in that utilizing in three composite impedances choosing mutually partly operate condition be criterion, when three phase selection elements move simultaneously, carry out out-of-step blocking.And adopt the higher electronic loop locking reliably of reaction speed can make circuit not break away from protection again.
6, a kind of ground distance protection device it is characterized in that utilizing 15,16,17 3 phase comparators realize following three groups than phase, add the common compound AND gate 19 of input of zero-sequence current starting again and be grounded distance protection.
7, earth protective device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that adopting
With
Two amounts exist simultaneously, and its phase place just have when satisfying operation condition output " with " OR-gate phase comparator 17, realize that range measurement is partly than phase.
8, ground distance protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that adopting its action phase range to satisfy
Lag behind
4 °～5 °-240 ° phase comparator 16 realizes allowing the transition resistance self adaptation partly than phase.
9, ground distance protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that through phase shifter 2, adjusts for nearly 45 ° according to the sensitive corner connection of maximum
Phase place, then through partial sum gate phase comparator 15, carry out fault and compare phase.When being arranged, output signal carries out locking by its "No" 18 to lagging behind; Do not have under the situation of phase input signal before the neighbour in "No" 18, finish the phase of selecting of fault phase, constitute the circulation locking.
10, ground distance protection device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that utilizing the choosing phase part of three-phase composite impedance relay, AND gate 4, and independently out-of-step blocking part is formed in time component 5 and "No" loop 6,7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198787100595A CN87100595A (en) | 1987-02-09 | 1987-02-09 | Double adaptive complex impedance ground distance protection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198787100595A CN87100595A (en) | 1987-02-09 | 1987-02-09 | Double adaptive complex impedance ground distance protection |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN87100595A true CN87100595A (en) | 1988-10-19 |
Family
ID=4812943
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198787100595A Pending CN87100595A (en) | 1987-02-09 | 1987-02-09 | Double adaptive complex impedance ground distance protection |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN87100595A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100459355C (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2009-02-04 | 天津大学 | Transmission line distance protecting method |
| CN104267311A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-07 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Phase selection method for faults of double-circuit lines on same tower |
| CN109149531A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-04 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of distance protecting method and device of alternate ground fault |
-
1987
- 1987-02-09 CN CN198787100595A patent/CN87100595A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100459355C (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2009-02-04 | 天津大学 | Transmission line distance protecting method |
| CN104267311A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-07 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Phase selection method for faults of double-circuit lines on same tower |
| CN104267311B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-03-22 | 广东电网公司电力科学研究院 | Phase selection method for faults of double-circuit lines on same tower |
| CN109149531A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-01-04 | 许继集团有限公司 | A kind of distance protecting method and device of alternate ground fault |
| CN109149531B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2021-09-14 | 许继集团有限公司 | Distance protection method and device for phase-to-phase ground fault |
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