CN109546631A - Distance protecting method suitable for quadri-circuit lines on the same tower road different voltage grade cross line fault - Google Patents
Distance protecting method suitable for quadri-circuit lines on the same tower road different voltage grade cross line fault Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/267—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for parallel lines and wires
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of distance protecting methods suitable for quadri-circuit lines on the same tower road different voltage grade cross line fault, comprising the following steps: acquisition is the same as the every phase voltage in loop line road every in four loop line road of tower mixed pressure and electric current；It is determined by phase selection element with faulty line and failure phase in four loop line road of tower mixed pressure；Calculate the alternate different voltage grade cross-line impedance of failure, the positive sequence impedance used when determining protection seting；It determines distance protection setting value, is compared by the different voltage grade cross-line impedance that will be calculated with distance protection setting value, determines distance protection action logic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of protection and control of power systems, in particular to a distance protection method suitable for cross-voltage grade cross-line faults of four-circuit lines on the same tower.
Background
In order to solve the problems of the tension situation of power supply, the gradual reduction of power transmission corridors and the like, the construction conditions of a power transmission network are more and more complex, and the same-tower power transmission line erection mode is continuously applied to an extra-high voltage system. The same-tower multi-circuit power transmission technology has the advantages that due to the fact that the towers are shared, the required outgoing line corridor is narrow, limited corridor resources can be fully utilized, the occupied area of the land is reduced, meanwhile, the construction speed is high, the transmission capacity is high, investment is saved, and the like, and the requirements of a modern power system on power supply reliability and large-capacity power transmission can be well met.
The popularization of the same-tower power transmission mode also brings huge challenges to the fault analysis and relay protection of the power system. The mutual inductance coupling between phases and lines, multiple fault types between phases and across lines, various arrangement modes of lines, complex operation modes and the like exist in the same-tower power transmission line, so that the difficulty of fault analysis is greatly increased, and the line selection, phase selection, configuration and setting work of relay protection is greatly difficult. The same-tower power transmission line is often used as a main power link of a power grid and plays a role in huge power transmission, and the influence of safe operation on the power grid is great, so that incorrect actions of same-tower power transmission line protection can threaten safe and stable operation of the power grid, and even influence the safe operation of a power system, and therefore the requirement on the safety of relay protection by the same-tower multi-circuit line is higher. A great deal of research has been carried out at home and abroad on the cross-line faults of the same-voltage-class same-tower circuit, and the existing relay protection technology can also be well adapted. However, the cross-line fault of the same tower line with different voltage grades is rarely studied at home and abroad.
For the same-tower double-circuit line with the same voltage grade, when impedance parameters of the two circuits are the same and the complete transposition is carried out, the following steps are carried out:
the traditional impedance measurement based on the electric quantity of a single-circuit line cannot effectively identify the cross-line fault of the same-tower power transmission line. For the crossover faults of the double-circuit line, the distance protection theory can judge through the crossover impedance between two circuit faults:
therein, 3I0、3I′0The zero sequence currents of the line and the adjacent lines erected on the same tower are respectively,is the zero sequence current compensation coefficient of the line itself,is the zero sequence current compensation coefficient of the adjacent line to the line.
However, in the four-circuit line with the same cross-voltage level and the same tower, the cross-line impedance is not suitable for judging the cross-line fault with the cross-voltage level any more due to different impedance parameters of the lines with different voltage levels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distance protection method suitable for a cross-voltage grade cross-line fault of a same-tower four-circuit line, so as to solve the problem that the cross-voltage grade cross-line fault cannot be judged by a traditional distance protection method, and the cross-voltage grade cross-line fault of the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line can be effectively judged. The technical scheme is as follows:
a distance protection method suitable for the cross-voltage class cross-line fault of four-circuit lines on the same tower is disclosed, I is I, II, III and IV,the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting each phase voltage of each circuit in four circuits of mixed voltage circuits in the same towerAnd current
(2) Determining a fault line and a fault phase in the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line through a phase selection element;
(3) calculating the fault inter-phase voltage-step trans-line impedance,
if the two faulty circuits are positioned on the same side of the tower, then:
if the two lines with faults are positioned on different sides of the tower, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein,
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging lines with different voltage grades on the same side of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a high-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging lines with different voltage grades on the same side of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a low-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) lines with different voltage grades positioned on different sides of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a high-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) lines with different voltage grades positioned on different sides of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a low-voltage level line;
of faulty high-voltage-class line iVoltage phasors of the phases;
is the voltage phasor of the psi phase of the failed low voltage class line j;
of faulty high-voltage-class line iThe current phasor of the phase;
is the current phasor of the psi phase of the failed low voltage class line j;
ZU1is the positive sequence impedance of the high voltage class line;
ZE1is the positive sequence impedance of the low voltage class line;
ZMUis the interphase mutual impedance of the high voltage class line;
ZMEis the interphase mutual impedance of the low voltage class line;
Z′MUis the line-to-line mutual impedance of the high voltage class line;
Z′MEis the line-to-line mutual impedance of the low voltage class line;
Z′Msthe mutual impedance between the line lines with different voltage grades is positioned at the same side of the pole tower;
Z′Mdthe mutual impedance between lines with different voltage grades on different sides of a pole tower is obtained;
is the zero sequence current of the faulted high voltage class line i;
is the zero sequence current of the faulted low voltage class line j;
is the zero sequence current of the high voltage class line k without fault;
is the zero sequence current of the low voltage class line l without fault;
(4) determining positive sequence impedance adopted in distance protection setting;
when the voltage class is adoptedOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZU1When the voltage level is over-line impedanceOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZE1；
(5) And determining a distance protection setting value, and comparing the calculated trans-voltage class trans-line impedance with the distance protection setting value to determine distance protection action logic.
The invention considers the condition that the impedance parameters of the circuits with different voltage grades in the same tower mixed-voltage four-circuit are different, improves the calculation method of the cross-line impedance, overcomes the problem that the traditional distance protection method can not judge the cross-line fault of the cross-voltage grade, and can effectively judge the cross-line fault of the same tower mixed-voltage four-circuit of the cross-voltage grade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line
Figure 2 is mutual inductance between mixed-voltage four-circuit lines of a typical same tower under ideal transposition
Detailed Description
Typically, the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit power transmission line is formed by combining two groups of double-circuit lines with different voltage levels, and two ends of each group of double-circuit lines share a bus, as shown in fig. 1. When the lines are completely transposed, the impedance parameters of each group of double-circuit lines are the same, and the self-impedance of the high-voltage-class line I, II and the self-impedance of the low-voltage-class lines III and IV are respectively ZSU、ZSEThe mutual impedance between phases is ZMU、ZMEPositive sequence impedances respectively of ZU1＝ZSU-ZMU、ZE1＝ZSE-ZME。
The mutual inductance between the four circuit lines of the mixed voltage of the same tower under ideal transposition is shown in figure 2. ZU1、ZE1Positive sequence impedances for the high voltage class line and the low voltage class line, respectively. ZMU、ZMEInter-phase mutual impedance, Z 'of the high-voltage class line and the low-voltage class line, respectively'MU、Z′MELine-to-line mutual impedance, Z ', of the high-voltage class line and the low-voltage class line, respectively'MsIs the mutual impedance between the line lines with different voltage grades positioned at the same side of the tower, Z'MdThe mutual impedance is the mutual impedance between the lines with different voltage grades on different sides of the tower.
When the lines are completely transposed, only zero sequence components between the lines are coupled, and the coupling relationship is as follows:
wherein,zero sequence voltage drop is respectively carried out on each circuit; respectively, each circuit zero sequence current.
For the cross-voltage class cross-line faults on the same side of the tower, such as I and III, the fault phases meet the following relation:
wherein,is the fault point voltage. This gives:
therefore, the positive sequence impedance Z is passed through the high voltage class lineU1The impedance across the line is represented as:
wherein,are respectively zero-sequence currents of two fault lines,respectively, the zero sequence currents of two healthy lines. Impedance of over-lineThe positive sequence impedance Z of the low-voltage grade line can also be usedE1And (4) showing.
Similarly, for the cross-voltage grade cross-line fault on the different side of the tower, the fault is processed through ZU1The impedance across the line is represented as:
the invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme.
According to the voltage and current information of each circuit in the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit, the cross-voltage level cross-circuit impedance of the fault circuit is calculated by using an improved cross-circuit impedance calculation method and is compared with a circuit distance protection impedance setting value, and therefore cross-voltage level cross-circuit faults are identified.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:
step 1: collecting each phase voltage of each circuit in four circuits of mixed voltage circuits in the same towerAnd current
Voltage transformer is used for collecting voltage of each phase of each circuitCurrent mutual inductor for collecting each phase current of each circuitThe secondary windings of the voltage transformer and the current transformer are respectively connected into a microcomputer protection device, sampling values of the collected electrical quantities are obtained through AD conversion, and phasor values of the collected voltage and current are calculated by utilizing a Fourier algorithm.
Step 2: and determining a fault line and a fault phase in the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line through a phase selection element.
And phase selection is carried out by calculating a phase current abrupt change amount, a phase current difference abrupt change amount, a fault sequence component and the like.
And step 3: calculating the fault inter-phase voltage-step trans-line impedance,
if the two faulty circuits are positioned on the same side of the tower, then:
if the two lines with faults are positioned on different sides of the tower, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein,andis of line iThe psi phase-to-phase cross-voltage level cross-line impedance of the phase and line j respectively passes through ZU1And ZE1The expression of expression;respectively are zero sequence currents of two circuits with faults,the zero sequence currents of two circuits without faults respectively.
Taking the cross-line fault of the A phase of the line I and the B phase of the line III as an example, the Z calculated by the M-side protection deviceU1The voltage-level trans-line impedance is represented as:
wherein,the voltages of line I A phase and line III B phase respectively,the current for line IA phase and line III B phase respectively,the zero sequence currents of the line I, the line II, the line III and the line IV are respectively.
And 4, step 4: the positive sequence impedance used for the distance protection settling timing is determined. When the voltage class is adoptedOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZU1. When the voltage class is adoptedOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZE1。
Z aboveIA IIIB(U)mBy ZU1Indicating that the positive sequence impedance employed for the guard settling time should be ZU1。
(5) And judging whether the calculated voltage-level overline impedance meets the distance protection action condition. If 80% of the total length of the protection line is adopted, the voltage-class trans-line impedance is adoptedOrIn time, the distance protection setting value is Zset＝0.8ZU1(ii) a Cross-voltage level cross-line impedance adaptationOrIn time, the distance protection setting value is Zset＝0.8ZE1。
If the total length of the protection line is 80%, the distance protection setting value is Zset＝0.8ZU1. When the fault position is located in the distance protection setting range, the overline impedance calculated by the M-side protection device falls in the action area of the M-side protection device, the action condition is met, and the protection device sends a tripping command to a breaker of a fault line.
The working principle and the method of the invention are as follows:
in a typical same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line as shown in fig. 1, when the line is completely transposed, only zero-sequence components between the lines are coupled, and the coupling relationship is as follows:
wherein,zero sequence voltage drop is respectively carried out on each circuit; respectively, each circuit zero sequence current.
For the cross-voltage class cross-line faults on the same side of the tower, such as I and III, the fault phases meet the following relation:
wherein,is the fault point voltage. This gives:
therefore, the positive sequence impedance Z is passed through the high voltage class lineU1The impedance across the line is represented as:
wherein,are respectively zero-sequence currents of two fault lines,respectively, the zero sequence currents of two healthy lines. Impedance of over-lineThe positive sequence impedance Z of the low-voltage grade line can also be usedE1And (4) showing.
Similarly, for the cross-voltage grade cross-line fault on the different side of the tower, the fault is processed through ZU1The impedance across the line is represented as:
in this case, only the line-to-line mutual impedance Z 'is compared with the case of the tower-to-side fault'MsAnd Z'MdThe positions of (a) and (b) are interchanged.
The method is suitable for calculating the cross-voltage level cross-line impedance (including the same-name phase cross-line and the different-name phase cross-line) of the typical same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line.
An 1000/500kV common-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit simulation model built by using EMTP is shown in figure 1, and system power supply parameters areThe system impedance parameter is ZmU＝ZnU＝ZmE＝ZnE(0.1+ j30) Ω. The line adopts a phase domain frequency-dependent model, the total length l is 200km, the position is completely changed, and the impedance parameters are as follows.
Under normal loadAssuming that metallic overline faults (IA-IIIA, IA-IIIB overline ungrounded faults and IA-IIIA-G, IA-IIIB-G overline grounded faults) occur at different positions on a line from the M end of the bus, the ratio α (l) of the distance from a fault point to the M end of the bus to the full length of the line is used as the fault positionKMThe/l represents the impedance of IA-IIIA and IA-IIIB overline represented by 1000kV line positive sequence impedance measured at M end of the bus respectively by ZM·IA-IIIA(U)、ZM·IA-IIIB(U)The amplitude error of the line-crossing impedance measurement is expressed by Δ Z (| Z)M. measuring|-|z1·lKM|)/|z1·lKMI represents, wherein z1·lKMFor the theoretical value of the impedance of the over-line, the angle error is represented by Δ θ ═ argZM. measuring-arg(z1·lKM) And (4) showing. The impedance of the flying lead measured at different locations of the fault is as follows.
Therefore, the improved method for calculating the overline impedance aiming at the impedance parameter difference of the lines with different voltage grades can obtain that the error between the measurement value of the overline impedance and the theoretical value is not more than 2 percent under the condition of metallic short circuit.
Claims (1)
1. A distance protection method suitable for the cross-voltage class cross-line fault of four-circuit lines on the same tower is disclosed, I is I, II, III and IV,a, B, C, comprising the steps of:
(1) collecting each phase voltage of each circuit in four circuits of mixed voltage circuits in the same towerAnd current
(2) Determining a fault line and a fault phase in the same-tower mixed-voltage four-circuit line through a phase selection element;
(3) calculating the fault inter-phase voltage-step trans-line impedance,
if the two faulty circuits are positioned on the same side of the tower, then:
if the two lines with faults are positioned on different sides of the tower, the method comprises the following steps:
wherein,
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging lines with different voltage grades on the same side of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a high-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) arranging lines with different voltage grades on the same side of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a low-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) lines with different voltage grades positioned on different sides of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a high-voltage level line;
the method is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps of (1) lines with different voltage grades positioned on different sides of a tower: of line iThe psi phase of the phase and the line j is trans-voltage level trans-line impedance expressed by positive sequence impedance of a low-voltage level line;
of faulty high-voltage-class line iVoltage phasors of the phases;
is the voltage phasor of the psi phase of the failed low voltage class line j;
of faulty high-voltage-class line iThe current phasor of the phase;
is a psi-phase current phase of a failed low voltage class line jAn amount;
ZU1is the positive sequence impedance of the high voltage class line;
ZE1is the positive sequence impedance of the low voltage class line;
ZMUis the interphase mutual impedance of the high voltage class line;
ZMEis the interphase mutual impedance of the low voltage class line;
Z′MUis the line-to-line mutual impedance of the high voltage class line;
Z′MEis the line-to-line mutual impedance of the low voltage class line;
Z′Msthe mutual impedance between the line lines with different voltage grades is positioned at the same side of the pole tower;
Z′Mdthe mutual impedance between lines with different voltage grades on different sides of a pole tower is obtained;
is the zero sequence current of the faulted high voltage class line i;
is the zero sequence current of the faulted low voltage class line j;
is the zero sequence current of the high voltage class line k without fault;
is the zero sequence current of the low voltage class line l without fault;
(4) determining positive sequence impedance adopted in distance protection setting;
when the voltage class is adoptedOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZU1When the voltage level is over-line impedanceOrThe positive sequence impedance adopted for the timing of the protection setting should be ZE1；
(5) And determining a distance protection setting value, and comparing the calculated trans-voltage class trans-line impedance with the distance protection setting value to determine distance protection action logic.
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