CN100455469C - Shock absorbing steering apparatus - Google Patents
Shock absorbing steering apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN100455469C CN100455469C CNB2004800121602A CN200480012160A CN100455469C CN 100455469 C CN100455469 C CN 100455469C CN B2004800121602 A CNB2004800121602 A CN B2004800121602A CN 200480012160 A CN200480012160 A CN 200480012160A CN 100455469 C CN100455469 C CN 100455469C
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- energy absorbing
- impact energy
- plate
- steering gear
- junction surface
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Abstract
A shock absorbing steering apparatus for use in a vehicle, including a steering column to be fixed to a portion of a body of the vehicle such that the steering column is releasable from the body of the vehicle and movable in a forward direction of the vehicle in the event of a secondary collision of an occupant of the vehicle upon a collision of the vehicle, and wherein one of the steering column and the portion of the vehicle body includes a mounting portion, while the other of the steering column and the portion of the vehicle body includes a holding portion. The steering apparatus further includes an impact energy absorbing member to be mounted on the mounting portion. The impact energy absorbing portion includes an engaging portion engageable with the holding portion and is deformable as the steering column is moved in the forward direction while the engaging portion is held in engagement with the holding portion, whereby the impact energy absorbing member absorbs an impact energy generated by the secondary collision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shock absorbing steering apparatus that is used on the vehicle, it comprises the Steering gear (steering column) as major part and is provided with the impact energy absorbing component that is used to absorb the impact energy that automotive occupant (operator or chaufeur) secondary collision produces when vehicle collision.
Technical background
The steering hardware of the type is configured to take place under the situation of secondary collision at automotive occupant or operator, this Steering gear, for example utilize the bearing circle that is connected on the Steering gear, can separate and can move axially from automobile body, produce the power (being the impact energy absorbing load) that this Steering gear moves that hinders simultaneously along vehicle forward direction (forwards to).That is to say, the impact energy absorbing component is set absorbs the impact energy that produces by secondary collision.More particularly, when Steering gear when vehicle forward direction moves, the impact energy absorbing component for example deforms, and is the impact energy absorbing load so that produce the masterpiece that causes the distortion of impact energy absorbing component.The example of the steering hardware of the open the above-mentioned type of JP-U-6-79690 and JP-Y2-6-45415.
Two of disclosed vehicle steering device examples use the long metal sheet that is called energy absorbing plate (impact absorption plate) or long bonding jumper as the impact energy absorbing component in the above-mentioned publication.This energy absorbing plate places between the part of Steering gear and automobile body.More particularly, the disclosed steering hardware of JP-U-6-79690 (hereinafter being called " first conventional apparatus ") is provided with the post that is used for keeping as the cylinder of the main portion of Steering gear and keeps structure (being called " pillar support " at this publication).This energy absorbing plate has being contained in simply of basic energy absorbing curve form for U-shaped and is formed on cylinder and post and keeps pars intermedia in the space between the structure.In addition, this energy absorbing plate has an end that is fixed on the outer circumferential upper surface of cylinder with welding or alternate manner.On the other hand, in the disclosed steering hardware of JP-Y2-6-45415 (hereinafter being called " second conventional apparatus "), an end of energy absorbing plate is fixed on the part of automobile body.
Summary of the invention
In first conventional apparatus, the energy absorbing plate needs to be fixed to the more precisely top on the outer circumferential surface of cylinder of Steering gear with welding or alternate manner securely.This need reduce the simplification of assembling steering hardware.In second conventional apparatus, the energy absorbing plate need be fastened on the automobile body when Steering gear is fixed on the automobile body.This need increase the complexity with respect to the program of automobile body assembling steering hardware.Though above-mentioned first and second conventional apparatus have those shortcomings, other various conventional steering devices also have concrete shortcoming.In this respect, need overcome the improvement project of shortcoming of conventional steering device so that a kind of improved steering hardware that is provided with the impact energy absorbing component to be provided.
Thereby, the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of the conventional apparatus structure is carried out improved steering hardware.Can realize this purpose according to principle of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of for motor vehicle shock absorbing steering apparatus, it comprises Steering gear, this Steering gear is fixed on the part of automobile body, so that during vehicle collision under the situation of automotive occupant generation secondary collision this Steering gear can separate and can move from automobile body along vehicle forward direction, and wherein in the above-mentioned part of Steering gear and automobile body comprises installation portion, and in Steering gear and the described part another comprises maintaining part.Shock absorbing steering apparatus also comprises the impact energy absorbing component that will be installed on the installation portion, this impact energy absorbing component comprises the junction surface that can engage with maintaining part, and the impact energy absorbing component can move along vehicle forward direction at Steering gear and be out of shape when the junction surface keeps engaging with maintaining part simultaneously, thereby the impact energy absorbing component absorbs the impact energy that secondary collision produces.
In the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the present invention of structure as mentioned above, the impact energy absorbing component only is installed in the relevant portion of Steering gear and automobile body one, so that steering hardware can assemble at an easy rate with respect to automobile body.In addition, the impact energy absorbing component need not be fixed on in the described part of Steering gear and automobile body one, so that the impact energy absorbing component can simply and economically remain in the appropriate location with welding or alternate manner.In addition, the impact energy absorbing component does not need to be fastened in the described part of Steering gear and automobile body another, so that Steering gear can assemble at an easy rate with respect to automobile body yet.Thereby this shock absorbing steering apparatus structurally improves the counterpart of conventional apparatus.
It should be noted that above-mentioned shock absorbing steering apparatus is a kind of base model of the present invention, the present invention can implement by " specific embodiment " middle other various forms that illustrates, these forms have concrete feature and advantage separately respectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment of the invention structure;
Fig. 2 is the planar view of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is for illustrating the local enlarged side view in the axial bench section that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 1, separation type (breakaway-element) support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts;
Fig. 4 illustrates the planar view that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 3, separation type support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts;
Fig. 5 is the local amplification front elevation that the partly cut-away that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 1, separation type support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts is shown;
Fig. 6 illustrates Fig. 3 to the back view that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 5, separation type support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts;
Fig. 7 is the enlarged side view of Fig. 1 to guide shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 8 is the planar view of guide shown in Figure 7;
Fig. 9 is the back view of guide shown in Figure 7;
Figure 10 illustrates the local amplification front elevation that concerns between guide shown in Figure 3 and the energy absorbing plate;
Figure 11 illustrates the axial bench section partial side view of Fig. 1 to the modification of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment shown in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the axial bench section partial side view that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of second embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 13 is the amplification stereogram of three folders shown in Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the axial bench section partial side view that the modification of the second embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 12 is shown;
Figure 15 is the partial perspective view according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of third embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 16 is the partial side view of first modification of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the 3rd embodiment shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 A is the amplification stereogram of guide shown in Figure 16 and retainer belt (restraint zone), and Figure 17 B is the partial perspective view of separation type support shown in Figure 16;
Figure 18 is the partial perspective view that second modification of the 3rd embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus is shown, and wherein guide shown in Figure 16 and 17 and restraint zone form as one each other;
Figure 19 is the axial bench section partial side view that the 3rd modification of the 3rd embodiment shock-absorbing shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 15 is shown;
Figure 20 is the axial bench section partial side view that the 4th modification of the 3rd embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 15 is shown;
Figure 21 is the sectional perspective sketch according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of fourth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 22 is the exploded block diagram according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of fifth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 23 illustrates the local enlarged side view in the axial bench section that concerns between separation type support shown in Figure 22, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts;
Figure 24 illustrates the planar view that concerns between separation type support shown in Figure 23, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts;
Figure 25 is the local amplification front elevation in axial bench section that concerns between intercommunicating pore, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts that separation type support shown in Figure 24 is shown;
Figure 26 illustrates axial bench section corresponding to Figure 23 local enlarged side view of Figure 22 to first modification of the 5th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 24;
Figure 27 is the axial bench section partial end view that concerns between pair of engaging jaw (joint jaw claw) that guide shown in Figure 26 is shown and the pair of engaging salient;
Figure 28 is the exploded planar view that second modification of the 5th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus is shown, and wherein the pair of engaging salient of guide and a pair of top maintainance block form as one;
Figure 29 is the back view of guide shown in Figure 28;
Figure 30 illustrates the partial plan layout of Figure 22 to the 3rd modification of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 24;
Figure 31 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of sixth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 32 is the planar view of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 31;
Figure 33 is the local amplification rearview that the partly cut-away that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 31, separation type support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts is shown;
Figure 34 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view along the line M-M of Figure 33
Figure 35 is the block diagram of Figure 31 to energy absorbing plate shown in Figure 34;
Figure 36 illustrates the partial perspective view of Figure 31 to the used energy absorbing plate of first modification of the 6th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 35;
Figure 37 illustrates the partial perspective view of Figure 31 to the used body side support of second modification of the 6th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 35;
Figure 38 illustrates Figure 31 to the used body side support of the 3rd modification of the 6th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 35 and the partial perspective view of energy absorbing plate;
Figure 39 illustrates the partial perspective view of Figure 31 to the used energy absorbing plate of the 4th modification of the 6th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 35;
Figure 40 illustrates Figure 31 to the used body side support of the 5th modification of the 6th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 35 and the partial perspective view of energy absorbing plate;
Figure 41 is the partial plan layout according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of seventh embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 42 is the axial bench section partial side view of some parts of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 41;
Figure 43 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view that is used to illustrate the service condition of parts shown in Figure 42;
Figure 44 illustrates the partial plan layout of Figure 40 to first modification of the 7th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 43;
Figure 45 illustrates the partial plan layout of Figure 40 to second modification of the 7th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 43;
Figure 46 is the partial side view of some parts of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 45;
Figure 47 is the lateral plan that is used to illustrate the service condition of parts shown in Figure 46;
Figure 48 is the partial perspective view according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of eighth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 49 is the axial bench section partial side view that some parts of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 48 are shown;
Figure 50 be used to illustrate parts shown in Figure 49 the axial cross-sectional side elevation view of service condition;
Figure 51 illustrates the partial perspective view of Figure 48 to the modification of the 8th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 50;
Figure 52 is the axial bench section partial side view that some parts of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 51 are shown;
Figure 53 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view that is used to illustrate the service condition of parts shown in Figure 52;
Figure 54 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of ninth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 55 is the planar view of shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 54;
Figure 56 is the local amplification rearview that the partly cut-away that concerns between the support of body side shown in Figure 54, separation type support, guide, energy absorbing plate and other parts is shown;
The axial cross-sectional side elevation view of Figure 57 for cutting open along the line N-N among Figure 56;
Figure 58 is the block diagram of energy absorbing plate shown in Figure 54 to Figure 57;
Figure 59 is the block diagram that the used energy absorbing plate of the modification of the 9th embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus shown in Figure 54 to Figure 57 is shown;
Figure 60 is the local enlarged side view according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of tenth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 61 is the partial rear view of the partly cut-away that concerns between body side support shown in Figure 60, separation type support, energy absorbing plate, magnet coil and other parts;
The block diagram of Figure 62 for concerning between car body side stand shown in schematically illustrated Figure 60 and 61 and the energy absorbing plate;
Figure 63 is the local amplification rearview corresponding to the partly cut-away of Figure 56 that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of eleventh embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 64 is the block diagram of energy absorbing plate shown in schematically illustrated Figure 63;
Figure 65 is the axial cross-sectional side elevation view corresponding to Figure 57 that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of twelveth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 66 is the lateral plan that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of thriteenth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 67 is the planar view of Steering gear shown in Figure 66;
Figure 68 is the lateral plan of the bench section of Steering gear shown in Figure 66;
Figure 69 A and 69B are the block diagram that the back column jecket of Steering gear shown in the Figure 66 that is connected on the automobile body is shown and is arranged on the shock absorbing device among the 13 embodiment;
Figure 70 is the guide wire of alternative shape of the resistance generating apparatus shown in Figure 66;
Figure 71 is the guide wire of alternative shape of the resistance generating apparatus shown in Figure 68;
Figure 72 illustrates the groove in the shock-absorbing plate that is formed on the generating apparatus of resistance shown in Figure 66 to Figure 71 and is formed on the compression roller that is used for this shock-absorbing plate distortion and the block diagram of the salient that engages with described groove;
Figure 73 illustrates the view that concerns between the movement speed v of resistance σ that the generating apparatus of resistance shown in Figure 66 to Figure 71 generates and Steering gear moving part;
Figure 74 A and 74B are the view that illustrates according to the used resistance generating apparatus of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of fourteenth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 75 A and 75B are the view that illustrates as the used resistance generating apparatus of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the 14 embodiment variant;
Figure 76 is the lateral plan that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of fifteenth embodiment of the invention structure;
Figure 77 is the planar view of Steering gear shown in Figure 76;
Figure 78 is the cross-sectional side elevation view of Steering gear shown in Figure 76;
Figure 79 A and 79B are the block diagram that the back column jecket of Steering gear shown in the Figure 76 that is connected on the automobile body is shown and is arranged on the shock absorbing device in Figure 76 shown device;
Figure 80 illustrates shock absorbing device and the cooresponding view of lateral plan Steering gear shown in Figure 79 A and the 79B;
Figure 81 is the drawing in side sectional elevation that is used for the configuration of shock absorbing device shown in instruction diagram 79A and the 79B;
Figure 82 A and 82B are the front elevation of shock absorbing device shown in Figure 79 A and the 79B;
Figure 83 A and 83B are the view that the Steering gear moving part that is in mobile status after separating in Figure 79 A and the shock absorbing device shown in the 79B is shown;
Figure 84 is shock absorbing device and the cooresponding view of lateral plan Steering gear that illustrates in the modification that is arranged on the 15 embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus;
Figure 85 illustrates to be arranged on according to its of the shock-absorbing plate in the shock absorbing steering apparatus of sixteenth embodiment of the invention structure and this device to go up the block diagram of the part of this shock-absorbing plate of installation;
Figure 86 is the drawing in side sectional elevation that the part of shock-absorbing plate shown in Figure 85 is installed on its of this device;
Figure 87 is the drawing in side sectional elevation that the part of shock-absorbing plate is installed on its of modification of the 16 embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus; With
Figure 88 illustrates to be arranged on according to its of the shock-absorbing plate in the shock absorbing steering apparatus of seventeenth embodiment of the invention structure and this device to go up the drawing in side sectional elevation of the part of this shock-absorbing plate of installation.
The specific embodiment
To describe in detail below according to the principle of the invention and think creative various forms of steering hardwares.Every kind of form of the present invention all is numbered as appended claims, is easier to understand the disclosed technical characterictic of this specification sheets like this.The present invention be should understand and the technical characterictic that to describe or their combination in any are not limited only to.Will also be understood that following included a plurality of parts or the feature of any one form of the present invention not necessarily possesses simultaneously, and can be from respect to selecting at least one to implement the present invention the parts of same formal description or the feature.Will also be understood that Japanese patent application N0.2003-136380, N0.2003-286678, N0.2004-049733, N0.2003-310419, N0.2003-279544 and N0.2003-290149 as the application basis all quote at this as reference.
(1) a kind of for motor vehicle shock absorbing steering apparatus comprises:
Be fixed on when making vehicle collision on the automobile body part under the situation of automotive occupant generation secondary collision the Steering gear that can separate and can move along vehicle forward direction from automobile body, one in this Steering gear and the above-mentioned part of this automobile body comprises installation portion, and in the above-mentioned part of this Steering gear and this automobile body another comprises maintaining part; And
Be installed in the impact energy absorbing component on this installation portion, this impact energy absorbing component comprises the junction surface that can engage with this maintaining part, and this impact energy absorbing component is owing to Steering gear moves and deformable along vehicle forward direction at the junction surface with when maintaining part keeps engaging, thereby the impact energy absorbing component absorbs the impact energy that is produced by secondary collision.
Above-mentioned shock absorbing steering apparatus makes a kind of base model of the present invention.As mentioned above, be arranged on impact energy absorbing component in this steering hardware and only be installed in Steering gear and the automobile body relevant portion one, make that steering hardware can be easy to assemble with respect to automobile body.And the impact energy absorbing component need not be fixed in Steering gear and this part of automobile body one with welding or alternate manner, makes the impact energy absorbing component simply and economically to remain in the appropriate location.In addition, the impact energy absorbing component does not need to be fastened in Steering gear and this part of automobile body another, makes that Steering gear can be easy to assemble with respect to automobile body.
In this application, statement " Steering gear can separate also and can move along vehicle forward direction from automobile body " not necessarily is interpreted as Steering gear integral body and can separates also removable from automobile body, only the cylinder rear portion that turns to of Steering gear can be from automobile body separation and removable but may be interpreted as, it is telescopic wherein turning to cylinder, for example turns to cylinder to be provided with telescopic mechanism.That is, Steering gear has and can separate and moveable portion from automobile body.Statement " vehicle forward direction " is not limited to be parallel to the horizontal direction of longitudinal direction of car.Wherein Steering gear can tilt with respect to horizontal or vertical direction, for example, absorbs impact energy in the process that Steering gear moves along its tilt axis.In this case, " vehicle forward direction " refers to be parallel to longitudinal direction of car and with respect to horizontal direction bevelled direction.That is, statement " vehicle forward direction " should be interpreted as comprising this direction and the direction that more or less departs from the horizontal direction that is parallel to longitudinal direction of car.Similarly explain and be applicable to statement " vehicle rollback direction ", " longitudinal direction of car " etc.
In addition, statement " will be installed in the impact energy absorbing component on the installation portion " can not be interpreted as that the impact energy absorbing component is fixed on the installation portion with welding or alternate manner, is assemblied on the installation portion simply and be interpreted as the impact energy absorbing component.Impact energy absorbing component preferred disposition Cheng Keyu is arranged on installation portion in Steering gear and the automobile body relevant portion one and engages at an easy rate and separate.Because the deformable of impact energy absorbing component is to absorb the impact energy by above-mentioned secondary collision was produced, this absorbing component preferably is installed in above-mentioned Steering gear and this part of automobile body one, makes this absorbing component to move so that absorb impact energy with respect to one in above-mentioned Steering gear and the automobile body relevant portion.In addition, the impact energy absorbing component preferably is provided with assembling or the location division that is used for it is remained on respect to installation portion the appropriate location.
(2) shock absorbing steering apparatus according to above-mentioned form (1) also comprises the joint regulating mechanism, it be used to allow or the junction surface that stops the impact energy absorbing component and maintaining part between engage.
In the above-mentioned form (2) of shock absorbing steering apparatus, the impact energy absorbing component is inoperative, though when Steering gear during at vehicle collision from automobile body separate and with respect to automobile body when working direction moves.Wherein the impact energy absorbing component comprises U-shaped part as described below, can dispose the joint regulating mechanism engages with maintaining part with the junction surface that stops the impact energy absorbing component, thereby be used to avoid the U-shaped of impact energy absorbing component partly to be out of shape, though when Steering gear with respect to automobile body when working direction moves.Therefore, engaging regulating mechanism can allow or stop the impact energy absorbing component to play the effect of the impact energy that absorption produces.
(3), wherein engage regulating mechanism and comprise the actr (actuator) that between the primary importance that allows junction surface and maintaining part to be engaged with each other and this second place that engages of prevention, to operate according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (2).
In the above-mentioned form (3) of shock absorbing steering apparatus, wherein the impact energy absorbing component comprises actr, and this actr can be configured to move between progressive position that is used to allow and stop junction surface and maintaining part to be engaged with each other and punctured position by the maintaining part that this actr is arranged on Steering gear or this part of automobile body.
(4), wherein engage regulating mechanism and be configured to when the junction surface engages with maintaining part not act on actr by the impact energy absorbing load that distortion produced of impact energy absorbing component according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (3).
In the above-mentioned form (4) of shock absorbing steering apparatus, wherein the impact energy absorbing load does not act on the actr that engages regulating mechanism when the junction surface engages with maintaining part, and required size and the cost of making actr can reduce.
(5), wherein engage regulating mechanism and can be used for allowing or stop engaging between junction surface and the maintaining part according to the output of the sensor that is provided for detecting vehicle or automotive occupant state according to the shock absorbing device of above-mentioned form (2) to (4) any one form.
In the above-mentioned form (5) of steering hardware, allow or stop junction surface and maintaining part to be engaged with each other to depend on the state that vehicle or automotive occupant are detected this feasible impact energy absorption characteristic that can change the impact energy absorbing component.Be provided with and detect the sensor whether automotive occupant fastens one's safety belt, for example, when the output of this sensor shows that automotive occupant does not fasten one's safety belt, engage regulating mechanism and be configured to allow engaging between junction surface and the maintaining part.The sensor that detects running velocity is set, for example,, engages regulating mechanism and be configured to allow carry out this joint when the running velocity that is detected is higher than predetermined going up in limited time.
(6) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (2), wherein engage the mechanism that regulating mechanism comprises that the permission junction surface engages with maintaining part when being applied to the impact cooresponding mechanism of size on the automobile body when being used to make amount that maintaining part will move and vehicle collision and being used for displacement when maintaining part greater than predetermined threshold.
In the above-mentioned form (6) of shock absorbing steering apparatus, when being applied to impact size on the vehicle surpassing predetermined threshold when vehicle collision, the impact energy absorbing component plays the effect that absorbs impact energy.The amount of the impact energy that secondary collision produced is applied to the variation of the impact size on the automobile body during mainly along with vehicle collision and changes, the impact energy that effectively and suitably absorbs secondary collision so that the impact energy absorbing component is applied to the impact size on the automobile body can be according to the vehicle primary collision time and produced.
(7) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (6), the amount that wherein is used to maintaining part will be moved is configured to by the inertial mass of utilizing maintaining part maintaining part be moved with the big or small cooresponding mechanism of impact.
In the above-mentioned form (7) of steering hardware, the force of inertia that acts on during vehicle collision on the maintaining part forces this maintaining part to move relative to Steering gear that this maintaining part is set thereon or automobile body, makes that the displacement of maintaining part is corresponding with the impact size on being applied to automobile body.In this configuration that engages regulating mechanism, the impact energy absorbing component need not any electric apparatus by pure mechanical device and just can allow or stop the effect that absorbs impact energy of playing, so that simplify the overall arrangement of steering hardware.The displacement of maintaining part can be motion of translation, rotation or motion of translation and the combining of rotation.Although at the brake system normal operation and during abrupt deceleration vehicle, the joint regulating mechanism of this form kind of the present invention can allow maintaining part to move with respect to Steering gear or automobile body.Preferably, engage regulating mechanism and be configured to when normal brake application, stop maintaining part to produce big displacement, and only under the situation of vehicle collision, allow maintaining part to produce big displacement.
(8) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (1) to (7), wherein the impact energy absorbing component be configured to respect to installation portion be positioned in Steering gear move along working direction with respect to this part of automobile body before junction surface and the maintaining part free-running operation distance of being scheduled at interval to each other along working direction.
In the above-mentioned form (8) of steering hardware, the free-running operation that is provided with between junction surface and maintaining part distance or spacing can postpone the time that the impact energy absorbing component absorbs impact energy, and wherein Steering gear separated and moves away automobile body from automobile body with respect to this time.Therefore, move the junction surface with respect to automobile body at the beginning with Steering gear and just compare with the configuration that maintaining part engages, the impact that the secondary collision initial stage is produced in this configuration is less.It should be noted that and suitably to regulate the time that the impact energy absorbing component absorbs impact energy by regulating the free-running operation distance as required.
(9) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (8), wherein in junction surface and the maintaining part comprise have can with the concave part (groove spare) of another groove that engages in junction surface and the maintaining part, and this concave part matches to limit the predetermined free-running operation distance between them with in junction surface and the maintaining part another.
In the above-mentioned form (9) of steering hardware, this concave part is used from relatively moving up to the effect of this guiding piece of stopping at this concave part end of relatively moving of guide engagement portion and maintaining part.Thereby this concave part guarantees that maintaining part keeps the junction surface highly stablely.And above-mentioned free-running operation distance is arranged on above-mentioned in the end of concave part and junction surface and the maintaining part and limits between another or by the end of concave part and above-mentioned another in junction surface and the maintaining part and form.Have under the situation of concave part, be provided with free-running operation distance do not need the junction surface before Steering gear moves forward with the very big distance of terminal interbody spacer of maintaining part.
(10), also comprise being used for being reduced in absorbing the initial load regulating mechanism of impact energy starting stage by the rate of rise of the impact energy absorbing load that distortion produced of impact energy absorbing component according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (1) to (9).This initial load regulating mechanism is arranged on following at least one position: the position between impact energy absorbing component and the Steering gear; Position on the impact energy absorbing component; And the position between impact energy absorbing component and the Steering gear.
In the above-mentioned form (10) of the steering hardware that comprises the initial load regulating mechanism, absorb the starting stage of impact energy at the impact energy absorbing component, be in the starting stage that impact energy produced after the junction surface engaged with maintaining part, the impact energy absorbing load increases with lower ratio.Therefore, impact energy can be absorbed reposefully under the situation that the impact energy absorbing load does not increase suddenly, and wherein the unexpected increase meeting of impact energy absorbing load produces enormous impact to vehicle driver or occupant.
(11) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (1) to (10), wherein the junction surface of impact energy absorbing component and maintaining part can be engaged with each other, so that by the impact energy absorbing component this Steering gear is remained on this part of automobile body when Steering gear is fixed on the part of automobile body temporarily.
In the above-mentioned form (11) of steering hardware, Steering gear can be easy to assemble with respect to automobile body.
(12) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (1) to (11), wherein the impact energy absorbing component is the plate with the end that forms the junction surface.
In the above-mentioned form (12) of steering hardware, the impact energy absorbing component adopts the form of plate.For example, the impact energy absorbing component may be substantially of can be out of shape rectangular when Steering gear moves with respect to automobile body, makes this original straight part bending, and original crooked part becomes straight.The impact energy that produces during secondary collision is absorbed by the impact energy absorbing load that resistance produced of this distortion.When the impact energy absorbing component was made of plate, steering hardware can adopt simple impact energy absorbing mechanism.In addition, can be easy to regulate the impact energy absorbing load by thickness and the width of suitably determining this plate.Being also advantageous in that of the steering hardware of this form: the impact energy baffle is simple in structure, and one end thereof forms the junction surface that can engage with maintaining part.Therefore, under the situation of not using custom-designed separate piece as the junction surface, the steering hardware number of components is less, and its structure obtains simplifying.In suitable place, the impact energy absorbing component that is the plate form will be called " energy absorbing plate " or " impact energy baffle ".
(13) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (12), wherein junction surface and maintaining part be configured to the junction surface the junction surface with receive shearing load after maintaining part engages.
In the above-mentioned form (13) of steering hardware, the junction surface that wherein is formed on an end of energy absorbing plate with receive shearing load or stress after maintaining part engages, junction surface even also have required strength and stiffness when having less thickness and width at the junction surface.Can determine the width of the other parts of the width at thickness, junction surface of the crushed element of this plate and this plate as required, so that the energy absorbing plate can be in the energy absorption characteristics of guaranteeing to show when the junction surface has desirable strength and rigidity expectation.
Above-mentioned form (13) can be engaged with each other so that this Steering gear is remained in the situation on this part of automobile body especially preferred when Steering gear is fixed on the part of automobile body temporarily in the junction surface of aforesaid energy absorbing plate and maintaining part.In above-mentioned first conventional apparatus of " background technology ", the energy absorbing plate has by the crooked junction surface that forms, one of end that it is relative.When this crooked junction surface (keeping hook portion) engages with maintaining part when keeping this Steering gear on the automobile body when being fixed on the automobile body at Steering gear temporarily temporarily, this crooked junction surface reception effect makes its flexural load or stress to the back bending song thereon.Therefore, the energy absorbing plate need have bigger thickness and width, so that this plate has the strength and stiffness that are enough to resist the bending of locating at junction surface (keeping hook portion) temporarily.In this steering hardware, wherein be engaged with each other so that shearing load or stress are stood in the junction surface when remaining on Steering gear on the automobile body temporarily when junction surface and maintaining part.Therefore, the thickness that the place, junction surface of energy absorbing plate needs is less, and correspondingly reduces the required gross weight of energy absorbing plate.
(14) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (12) or (13), wherein the impact energy absorbing component comprises stacked on top of each other and all has the polylith plate at junction surface.
In the above-mentioned form (14) of steering hardware, can selectively allow or stop every block of plate of energy-absorbing element to absorb impact energy, so that can in a plurality of steps, change the total amount that energy-absorbing element absorbs impact energy by the top joint regulating mechanism that illustrates with respect to form (2) to (7).For example, be provided for maintaining part is moved to from a plurality of positions the actr of a selected position, in order to allowing or to stop the junction surface of every block of plate to engage with maintaining part, thus the total amount of the change impact energy that energy-absorbing element absorbed.
(15) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (12) to (14), wherein the impact energy baffle comprises by what curve and two arms that extend from this curve two opposite ends were formed and is the part of U-shaped (abbreviating " U-shaped part " the literary composition as) substantially, the impact energy absorbing component is configured to be installed on the installation portion, so that two arms extend along the substantially parallel direction of the direction that moves with respect to the part of automobile body with Steering gear, and make installation portion be clipped between two arms along the thickness direction of the plate of energy-absorbing element; During moving with respect to the part of automobile body along the working direction of vehicle, Steering gear is out of shape under the state that the impact energy absorbing component keeps engaging in junction surface and maintaining part by an end of installation portion, make the position of the curve in the impact energy absorbing component change gradually, thereby the impact energy that secondary collision produces is absorbed in the deformation process of impact energy absorbing component.
In the above-mentioned form (15) of steering hardware, the impact energy absorbing component can be installed or be assemblied on the installation site, makes installation portion be clipped between basic U-shaped two arms partly of impact energy absorbing component.Before moving forward with respect to automobile body under the state that Steering gear keeps engaging in junction surface and maintaining part, U-shaped partly usefulness acts on the impact energy absorbing component is remained on a part on the installation portion.In the process that moves forward under the state that Steering gear keeps engaging with maintaining part at the junction surface, the U-shaped part of impact energy absorbing component moves with respect to installation portion and generation elastic deformation when contacting with the above-mentioned end slip extruding of installation portion, crooked so that the instant straight portion away from the side at junction surface that is positioned at curve of this arm continues along installation portion, the end adjacent with another arm of simultaneously instant curve continued stretching this arm that becomes.Thereby the impact energy absorbing component can absorb impact energy highly stablely in its plastic history.
(16) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (15), wherein the arm in junction surface and two arms forms as one, and makes junction surface extending along the direction away from another arm two arms away from an end of curve from this arm.
In the above-mentioned form (16) of steering hardware, can be easy to form the junction surface of impact energy absorbing component by the free end of a crooked U-shaped arm partly.The function that can will realize according to the junction surface, form the junction surface as required.
(17) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (1) to (16), wherein Steering gear comprises that cylinder and post keep structure, makes on the part that this post keeps structure to be used to keep cylinder and be fixed on automobile body that post keeps structure to separate and removable leaving from this part of automobile body when secondary collision takes place; And post keeps structure to comprise installation portion, and this part of automobile body is provided with maintaining part.
In the above-mentioned form (17) of steering hardware, Steering gear comprises that the post with installation portion that the impact energy absorbing component will be installed on it keeps structure.With respect to the operation that was installed in the Steering gear assembling impact energy absorbing component on the automobile body afterwards than with respect to it went up the processing ease that the automobile body that Steering gear is installed assembles the impact energy absorbing component afterwards.The efficient of assembling steering hardware according to the configuration of above-mentioned form (17) is higher.
(18) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (17), its center pillar keeps structure to comprise a pair of arm that is spaced apart from each other along lateral direction of car, laterally be positioned at this substantially to the central portion in the middle of the arm with the edge, post keeps structure at this arm place to be fixed on the part of automobile body, and the installation position is in post keeps the central portion of structure.
In the above-mentioned form (18) of steering hardware, the impact energy absorbing component is installed in the horizontal substantially central portion of post maintenance structure.Thereby post keeps the interior space of horizontal substantially central portion of structure to be used for installing the impact energy absorbing component effectively.It is especially desirable when only adopting parts as the impact energy absorbing component that this is configured in steering hardware.
(19) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (17) or (18), its center pillar keeps structure to support cylinder by leaning device.
In above-mentioned first conventional apparatus, the impact energy absorbing component is fixed on the cylinder, so that the energy absorption characteristics of impact energy absorbing component can be changed when allowing cylinder being parallel in the vertical plane surface of longitudinal direction of car the supporting of bevelled leaning device by automobile body at cylinder.In the above-mentioned form (19) of steering hardware, even the cylinder vertical bank, the post that the impact energy absorbing component is installed on it keeps structure also not for vertical movement.Thereby by leaning device, the banking motion of impact energy absorbing component role and Steering gear is irrelevant.In other words, wherein this steering hardware of not being fixed on the cylinder of impact energy absorbing component is easy to equip this leaning device, and the energy absorption characteristics that the leaning device impact can absorbing component does not have adverse effect.
(20) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (17) to (19), its center pillar keeps structure to support cylinder by telescoping mechanism.
The impact energy absorbing component is fixed in first conventional apparatus on the cylinder therein, and the energy absorption characteristics of impact energy absorbing component can change when cylinder is supported by telescoping mechanism by automobile body, and this makes the axial length of cylinder change.This variation is similar to the variation of above-mentioned energy absorption characteristics when cylinder is supported by leaning device by automobile body.In the above-mentioned form (20) of steering hardware, the operation of impact energy absorbing component role and telescoping mechanism is irrelevant, so that regulate the axial location of the axial component of cylinder, wherein cylinder keeps structure in this axial positions supporting by post.Thereby wherein this steering hardware of not being fixed on the cylinder of impact energy absorbing component can be easy to equip this telescoping mechanism, and the energy absorption characteristics that the telescoping mechanism impact can absorbing component does not have adverse effect.
(21) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (17) to (20), wherein the impact energy absorbing component is a plate, and it comprises the U-shaped part that is made of curve and two arms that extend from each opposite end of this curve, and the arm in this two arm comprises the end that is terminated in the junction surface, the impact energy absorbing component is configured to be installed on the installation portion, make two arms extend, and make installation portion be clipped between two arms along the thickness direction of the plate of impact energy absorbing component along the substantially parallel direction of the direction that moves with respect to the part of automobile body with Steering gear; Keep the state lower edge vehicle forward direction that engages to move in junction surface and maintaining part at Steering gear during with respect to the part of automobile body, the impact energy absorbing component is by the leading section distortion of installation portion, make the position of the curve in the impact energy absorbing component change gradually, thereby the impact energy that secondary collision produces is absorbed in the deformation process of impact energy absorbing component.
In the above-mentioned form (21) of steering hardware, the impact energy absorbing component adopts the form of plate, and the post that this plate comprises the U-shaped part and is installed in the cylinder of Steering gear keeps on the structure.The plate that comprises the U-shaped part is described with reference to form of the present invention (15) in the above.Preferably, the arm that comprises this plate at junction surface is located near maintaining part.Steering gear is fixed on the bottom (corresponding with the above-mentioned part of automobile body) of the reinforcement of automobile body instrument carrier panel, make installation portion vertically be clipped between two arms, for example, preferably from two arms above the free end of an arm extend to form the junction surface.
Above-mentioned first conventional apparatus also adopts and comprises the basic impact energy baffle for the bent intermediate portion of U-shaped (hereafter is a U-shaped bent intermediate portion) that is used to absorb impact energy.But this impact energy baffle is fixed on the cylinder at one end place, and cylinder keeps the part assembling of structure (being called pillar support in publication JP-U-679690) with respect to automobile body by post then.In this configuration, because plate with respect to the high fix of automobile body, is difficult to respect to automobile body assembling impact energy baffle.Yet in the above-mentioned form (21) of steering hardware, the impact energy baffle only keeps structure support by post, so that this plate can significantly improve with respect to the accuracy of positioning of automobile body.
In first conventional apparatus, the U-shaped curve only is contained in the space that forms between cylinder and post maintenance structure, so that the impact energy baffle can as was expected in its curve place distortion, cause absorbing the unsettled danger of impact energy by the distortion of impact energy baffle.That is, the impact energy absorption characteristic of impact energy baffle is tended to change.On the other hand, in the above-mentioned form of the present invention (21), keep the leading section of structure more specifically to say so by post and keep the leading section of the installation portion of structure to make the U-shaped of impact energy baffle that elastic deformation partly take place by post.Therefore, the U-shaped of this plate part can keep the leading section of installation portion of structure as was expected deforming along post, thereby guarantees to absorb impact energy by the elastic deformation of the U-shaped part of this plate highly stablely.
(22) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (21), wherein the arm in junction surface and two arms forms as one, and makes junction surface extending along the direction away from another arm two arms away from an end of curve from an above-mentioned arm end.
Comprise U-shaped part and be installed in post keeping in the above-mentioned form (22) of steering hardware of structural impact energy baffle that the junction surface of this plate forms as mentioned above with reference to form of the present invention (16) in employing.
(23) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (21) or (22), wherein the leading section of installation portion forms and be used for guiding the guide part of the curve of impact energy absorbing component along its leading section displacement in the distortion of impact energy absorbing component.
The effect that is arranged on the guide part of the installation portion in the above-mentioned form of steering hardware (23) is that guiding impact energy baffle keeps displacement structure with respect to post, so that this plate is along the leading section distortion of installation portion.Preferably, it is cylindrical that curve is arc or is part, and guide part is half-cylindrical, so that this plate is along the half-cylindrical outside face distortion of this half round post guide part.In order to ensure the smooth deformation of impact energy baffle, be used for the friction coefficient on the surface of the guide part of this plate moving contact preferably lower, with the big friction force between the contact surface that prevents this plate and guide part.
(24) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (23), its center pillar keeps the installation portion of structure to comprise two boards, this two boards is stacked on top of each other, makes an end of a plate in this two boards protrude along the respective front ends face of another piece plate of vehicle forward direction from this two boards; And the guide part of installation portion is J-shaped by cross-sectional plane and has galianconism and long-armed guide constitutes, and this guide is assemblied on the above-mentioned end of a described plate, makes that the aft end face of this galianconism is relative with the front end face of above-mentioned another piece plate.
Steering hardware according to above-mentioned form (24) is configured to simple and the next impact energy that absorbs of inexpensive structure highly stablely.In above-mentioned second conventional apparatus, post keeps structure to be provided with the U-shaped installation portion that guide is installed on it at its leading section.Forming this U-shaped installation portion needs higher cost, and because the load that is applied on this U-shaped installation portion by guide when U-shaped impact energy baffle is out of shape with the absorption impact energy makes this U-shaped installation portion crooked easily.Thereby, the absorption instability of this conventional apparatus impact energy.
Opposite with second conventional apparatus, be configured to be installed on the end of a plate in the two boards by the J-shaped guide that the guide distortion receives load when absorbing impact energy according to the steering hardware of above-mentioned form (23) at U-shaped impact energy baffle, wherein, this two boards constitutes the bottom of post maintenance structure and the respective end protrusion of above-mentioned end along vehicle forward direction from another piece plate of a plate in the one-tenth two boards stacked on top of each other.For guide is installed on the installation portion, needn't make the arbitrary portion bending of installation portion, because only being installed in above-mentioned one of a plate in the two boards of installation portion, guide protrudes on the leading section.Therefore, can reduce the required expense of installation portion that forms.In addition, the protrusion leading section of an above-mentioned plate has higher intensity and can resist the flexural load that receives through guide to heavens, so that make U-shaped impact energy baffle as was expected distortion absorbing impact energy, thereby guarantee to absorb impact energy highly stablely by the distortion of U-shaped impact energy baffle.In addition, the advantage of this steering hardware is because the galianconism of guide is relative with the front end face of another piece plate of installation portion, so U-shaped impact energy baffle moves when can keeping in touch or be positioned at the near surface of this another piece plate with the surface of another piece plate with the cooresponding impact energy baffle of this galianconism U-shaped arm partly.Therefore, can reduce installation portion along the required size on the two boards direction stacked on top of each other.
(25) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (23), the installation portion of its center pillar maintenance structure comprises that having the U-shaped that constitutes guide part protrudes the plate of end.
In the above-mentioned form (25) of steering hardware, installation portion does not comprise the guide that top combining form (24) illustrates, and post keeps the U-shaped protrusion end of the base plate of structure to play guide part.Do not use this installation bilge construction of independent guide simple.
(26) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (23) to (25), wherein the impact energy absorbing component is installed on the installation portion, makes to have the space between curve and the guide part.
In the above-mentioned form (26) of steering hardware, at Steering gear with respect to automobile body during the proal initial portion, post keeps the leading section of structure installation portion to move forward by this space, so that absorb the time of impact energy with respect to the time delay of post maintenance structure from the automobile body separation by the distortion of passing through the installation portion leading section of impact energy baffle U-shaped part.Therefore, and do not exist the configuration in space to compare between the curve of impact energy baffle wherein and the guide part, in this configuration, the impact that secondary collision produced in the starting stage is less.In addition, the time that absorbs impact energy by the distortion of impact energy baffle can suitably be regulated as required by the amount of regulating this space.
(27), also comprise being used for keeping structural orientation and keeping the location and the holding device of an above-mentioned arm of impact energy absorbing component with respect to post according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (21) to (26).
In the above-mentioned form (27) of steering hardware, first embodiment, an above-mentioned arm of impact energy baffle U-shaped part keeps structural orientation and maintenance by this location and holding device with respect to post.When post kept structure to move with respect to automobile body with Steering gear, location and holding device were guaranteed the junction surface and the maintaining part stable engagement that is arranged on the automobile body of impact energy baffle, and an above-mentioned arm keeps structural orientation with respect to post simultaneously.Even the maintaining part on being arranged at automobile body and with junction surface that the relevant arm of impact energy baffle forms as one between exist free-running operation apart from the time, also allow junction surface and maintaining part stable engagement.The junction surface of impact energy baffle and maintaining part can be engaged with each other so that remain on this Steering gear on the automobile body when Steering gear is fixed on the automobile body temporarily, this location and holding device can make an above-mentioned arm of impact energy baffle keep the dislocation minimum of structure with respect to post, thereby help the assembling of Steering gear with respect to automobile body, for example, by using screw and nut to keep structure to be fixed on operation on the automobile body on post.Location and holding device need be located above-mentioned arm along at least one direction in width, thickness and the length of above-mentioned arm, and preferred disposition becomes broad ways (vehicle side to or horizontal) to locate this arm.
(28) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (27), wherein location and holding device comprise a pair of location and maintainance block, this is arranged on the above-mentioned arm opposite side location and maintainance block, makes this be spaced apart from each other along an above-mentioned arm Width to location and maintainance block.
In the above-mentioned form (28) of steering hardware, can be easy to locate the above-mentioned arm of impact energy baffle by this to location and maintainance block, and simple in structure.These location and maintainance block can be formed on the back extension of the following guide that will describe or be formed on any other parts of installation portion.
(29) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (28), wherein this has inclined surface respect to one another to location and maintainance block, and wherein the distance that forms between the relative tilt surface of this opposing inclined surface reduces to the direction of an above-mentioned arm from above-mentioned another arm.
In the above-mentioned form (29) of steering hardware, the impact energy baffle can by have an inclined surface this to location and maintainance block location and maintenance, and no matter the concrete width and the thickness of impact energy baffle, even can be by the width of suitably selected impact energy baffle and the impact energy absorption characteristic that thickness is regulated the impact energy baffle.
(30) according to above-mentioned form (29) shock absorbing steering apparatus, wherein an above-mentioned arm of impact energy absorbing component U-shaped part this above-mentioned arm towards the inside face place of this U-shaped partial interior by the part supporting of installation portion.
In the above-mentioned form (30) of steering hardware, an above-mentioned arm is located along the thickness direction of this above-mentioned arm by this above-mentioned part to location and maintainance block and installation portion.On the back extension of the guide that will describe below the above-mentioned part that supports the installation portion of an above-mentioned arm can be arranged on or be arranged on any other parts that post keeps structure, for example be arranged on the arbitrary portion that post keeps structure.
(31) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (28) to (30), wherein a junction surface and an above-mentioned arm form as one, make the junction surface from the extending along direction of an above-mentioned arm away from another arm two arms away from an end of curve, and make the junction surface from an above-mentioned arm with its height of measuring towards the inside face opposed outer surface of U-shaped partial interior greater than this height to location and maintainance block; The junction surface can engage with maintaining part at its free end, and this junction surface with this to the location and the cooresponding height and position of the height place of maintainance block, the width at junction surface less than this to locate and maintainance block between distance.
In the above-mentioned form (31) of steering hardware, green phase moves the impact energy baffle for installation portion along vehicle direction backward, make the adjacent end or the anchor portion at junction surface pass this between location and the maintainance block, U-shaped impact energy baffle can be installed on the installation portion of post maintenance structure.
(32) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (27) to (31), wherein installation portion comprises the guide that is arranged on its leading section and is used to guide the curve of impact energy absorbing component to move when the impact energy absorbing component is out of shape, and this guide comprises the back extension that extends to rear view of vehicle, and this is arranged on this back extension location and holding device.
In the above-mentioned form (32) of steering hardware, in conjunction with as described in the form of the present invention (24), the cross-sectional plane that is arranged on the guide of installation portion front end is J-shaped substantially as top.In this steering hardware, an above-mentioned arm of U-shaped impact energy baffle keeps structural orientation and maintenance by location on the back extension that is formed on guide and holding device with respect to post, and wherein this back extension is away from the leading section of the guide that makes the distortion of impact energy baffle.This configuration can effectively improve the location of an above-mentioned arm and keep precision.This guide can constitute top in conjunction with the described guide part of form of the present invention (23).
(33) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (32), wherein the back extension of guide comprises location and the maintaining part that is used for locating and keeping another arm of impact energy absorbing component two arms.
In the above-mentioned form (33) of steering hardware, U-shaped impact energy baffle at its two arms place by simple in structure and comprise the guide positions and the maintenance of location and holding device and location and maintaining part.This guide can guarantee effectively that the impact energy baffle keeps structure more specifically to say so with respect to post and keeps the installation portion of structure highly precisely to locate with respect to post.
(34) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (27), wherein installation portion comprises support, location and holding device comprise that have an elastically deformable portion basic be three folders of rectangle, and wherein this elastically deformable portion and support match flexibly to keep pushing an impact energy absorbing component U-shaped above-mentioned arm partly that contacts along an above-mentioned arm thickness direction and this elastically deformable portion elasticity between them.
In the above-mentioned form (34) of steering hardware, an above-mentioned arm of U-shaped impact energy baffle keeps the elasticity extruding to contact along the elastically deformable portion of three folders of this arm thickness direction and rectangle and the support of installation portion, accurately locatees with respect to the installation portion height to guarantee the impact energy baffle.Because these three folders comprise elastically deformable portion, therefore can use three identical folders to keep the impact energy baffle, and no matter the concrete thickness of this plate, even the impact energy absorption characteristic that can regulate the impact energy baffle by the gauge of suitably selected impact energy baffle in the elastic deformation weight range of the elastically deformable portion of these three folders.
(35) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (27), wherein installation portion comprises support, and location and holding device comprise retainer belt, and wherein this retainer belt matches with support with a U-shaped above-mentioned arm partly that keeps the impact energy absorbing component; This retainer belt has variable effective maintenance length.
In the above-mentioned form (35) of steering hardware, an above-mentioned arm of U-shaped impact energy baffle is kept by the support of retainer belt and installation portion.Because effective maintenance length of this retainer belt is variable, therefore can use identical retainer belt to keep the impact energy baffle, and no matter the concrete thickness and the width of this plate, even can be by the thickness of suitably selected impact energy baffle and the impact energy absorption characteristic that width is regulated the impact energy baffle.Therefore, the manufacturing cost of steering hardware reduces.
(36) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (21) to (35), its center pillar keeps structure to have a pair of groove that is spaced apart from each other along lateral direction of car, its center pillar keeps structure to be fixed on the part of automobile body by this groove, makes post keep structure can partly separate and move away this part of automobile body along vehicle forward direction from automobile body; Post keeps structure also to comprise central portion, and this central portion is along laterally being positioned at this substantially in the middle of the groove and comprise the installation portion that the impact energy absorbing component is mounted thereto.
And wherein the impact energy absorbing component comprises a pair of alar part, and this extends from an above-mentioned arm along each opposite sense that is parallel to lateral direction of car alar part and be equipped with respectively and keeps a pair of groove of structure to be pressed into cooperating with post and keep the structure can be from this column part that groove is separated when vehicle forward direction moves away this part of automobile body at post.
The above-mentioned form (36) of steering hardware is configured to as top in conjunction with as described in the above-mentioned form (11), and when being fixed on Steering gear on the automobile body, the junction surface of impact energy absorbing component is used for Steering gear is remained on automobile body temporarily; Steering gear is by junction surface and the alar part supporting of automobile body by the impact energy absorbing component, so that the weight of Steering gear can not act on the U-shaped part of impact energy absorbing component, wherein this U-shaped part will be out of shape to absorb impact energy.Thereby, originally dispose and help prevent that the U-shaped part of impact energy absorbing component from undesired deformation occurring with respect to automobile body assembling Steering gear the time, and guarantee stably to absorb impact energy by the Deformation Height of this U-shaped part after Steering gear is installed on the automobile body.This that should also be understood that the impact energy absorbing component can be used as location and the holding device that is used to locate and keep an above-mentioned arm of impact energy absorbing component to alar part, as top in conjunction with as described in the above-mentioned form (27).This is preferably nearer from the junction surface to alar part, preferably locatees in abutting connection with this junction surface along vehicle forward direction.
(37), comprise that also the energy absorbing load that is used for the impact energy absorbing load that will be produced by the distortion of impact energy absorbing component according to the rapid change that Steering gear moves along vehicle forward direction with respect to this part of automobile body changes mechanism according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (21) to (35).
The size of for example utilizing bearing circle to be applied to the impact on the Steering gear during automotive occupant (chaufeur) secondary collision depends on not only whether automotive occupant fastens one's safety belt, but also the kinetic energy of automotive occupant when depending on secondary collision.Promptly, the impact that imposes on automotive occupant and be applied on the Steering gear increases along with the increase of the kinetic energy of automotive occupant, that is to say, the impact that imposes on automotive occupant and be applied on the Steering gear also changes according to various factors, and these factors comprise the impact that acts on the Steering gear and the weight of the automotive occupant that bumps against with bearing circle.In this, the best impact energy absorbing load that will be produced by the distortion of impact energy absorbing component according to the parameter change of the impact of expression practical function on Steering gear is in order to absorb impact energy effectively.Steering gear is by moving with respect to automobile body with the kinetic energy of the automotive occupant of bearing circle collision, so that the moving velocity of Steering gear increases along with the increase of the kinetic energy of automotive occupant.Therefore, the moving velocity of Steering gear can be suitably as the parameter of representing the impact of practical function on Steering gear.In above-mentioned form (37); energy absorbing load changes the moving velocity of mechanism according to Steering gear; the size of the impact of practical function on Steering gear changes the impact energy absorbing load during promptly according to automotive occupant and bearing circle generation secondary collision; so that reduce the impact that imposes on automotive occupant effectively by the distortion of impact energy absorbing component, thereby the protection occupant avoids the impact that secondary collision produces.
Speed when used term " moving velocity of Steering gear " refers to that Steering gear moves with respect to the part of the fixedly Steering gear of automobile body in the above-mentioned form (36).It can be the moving velocity of Steering gear on whole miles of relative movement that energy absorbing load changes the used speed of mechanism, or the speed of Steering gear random time point in whole miles of relative movement or shift motion.Preferably, energy absorbing load changes the speed in the relative starting stage of moving that mechanism uses Steering gear because after Steering gear begins to move morning the time point place the practical function impact on Steering gear when trending towards accurately reflecting automotive occupant and bearing circle generation secondary collision of this speed.Term " impact energy absorbing load " refers to the resistance that Steering gear moves forward with respect to automobile body.
The energy absorbing load that is provided with in the above-mentioned form (36) changes mechanism can be configured to change as required the impact energy absorbing load that will be produced by the distortion of impact energy absorbing component.For example, energy absorbing load changes mechanism and comprises for example electric actuator of electric apparatus, is used under the control of electronic control unit signal control impact energy absorbing load according to the detected moving velocity of expression Steering gear.Perhaps, energy absorbing load change that mechanism comprises can be according to the pure mechanical device of principle of dynamics operation.The use of the mechanical device that describes below is more suitable for simplifying the structure and the control of Steering gear and reduces its manufacturing cost.
(38) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (37), wherein energy absorbing load changes mechanism and increases the impact energy absorbing load along with the increase of the moving velocity of Steering gear.
As mentioned above, the moving velocity of Steering gear increases along with the increase that acts on the impact size on the Steering gear.On the other hand, the miles of relative movement of Steering gear that is used to absorb impact energy is by the concrete structure of Steering gear, more specifically says so by being used for that Steering gear is installed in concrete structure decision on the automobile body.In order in the preset movement distance of Steering gear, to absorb impact energy effectively, need the amount of the impact energy that the per unit miles of relative movement of Steering gear will absorb to increase along with the increase of Steering gear moving velocity.Thisly need can satisfy in above-mentioned form of the present invention (38), above-mentioned form (38) be configured to prevent Steering gear automotive occupant and bearing circle generation secondary collision produce greater impact can the time when its preset movement distance or shift motion finish, arrive its bottom, this can cause great impact to automotive occupant, and above-mentioned form (38) is configured to smoothly absorb impact energy (steadily) on the longer miles of relative movement of Steering gear when secondary collision produces less impact energy.
(39) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (37) or (38), wherein energy absorbing load changes mechanism and changes impact energy absorbing load, the impact energy absorbing load when the impact energy absorbing load when making the Steering gear moving velocity greater than predetermined threshold is not more than predetermined threshold greater than the Steering gear moving velocity.
The impact energy absorbing load can continue according to the moving velocity of Steering gear to change, and perhaps can progressively change according to moving velocity, described in above-mentioned form of the present invention (39).That is, the impact energy absorbing load of the moving velocity of Steering gear during greater than predetermined threshold is bigger, and the impact energy absorbing load of the moving velocity of Steering gear when being not more than predetermined threshold is less.Can only go on foot this steering hardware that changes the impact energy absorbing load and change the textural simpler of mechanism in energy absorbing load with two.
(40) according to any one shock absorbing steering apparatus in the above-mentioned form (37) to (39), wherein energy absorbing load changes the resistance to deformation of mechanism by change impact energy absorbing component (372) and changes the impact energy absorbing load.
The impact energy absorbing load that is produced by the distortion of impact energy absorbing component is in that to be tabular impact energy absorbing component less when for example more yielding, and bigger in the difficult distortion of this plate.In above-mentioned form of the present invention (40), the resistance to deformation of impact energy absorbing component is as the parameter of representing to make the required power of impact energy absorbing component distortion, and this resistance to deformation is changed to change the impact energy absorbing load.Difficulty that the impact energy absorbing component is deformed represented in term " resistance to deformation " on broad sense, and not only comprise and make its required stress that deforms, but also comprise the friction force that is present between impact energy absorbing component and the fabricated section, wherein this friction force is the resistance that the impact energy absorbing component moves with respect to installation portion.
(41) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (40), wherein the impact energy absorbing component is a plate, it comprises the U-shaped part of being made up of curve and two arms that extend from each opposite end of this curve, and the arm in this two arm comprises the end that is terminated in the junction surface, the impact energy absorbing component is configured to be installed on the installation portion, make two arms edge and the Steering gear direction substantially parallel extend, and make installation portion be clipped between two arms along the thickness direction of the plate of impact energy absorbing component with respect to a part of direction that moves of automobile body; During moving with respect to this part of automobile body along vehicle forward direction, Steering gear is out of shape under the state that the impact energy absorbing component keeps engaging in junction surface and maintaining part by the end of installation portion, so that the position of the curve in the impact energy absorbing component changes gradually, thereby in the deformation process of impact energy absorbing component, absorb the impact energy that secondary collision produces.
And wherein energy absorbing load changes mechanism and comprises that (a) is arranged on the installation portion and can engages with the impact energy absorbing component so that increase the resistance to deformation increase part of the resistance to deformation of impact energy absorbing component; Make resistance to deformation increase the engaging gear that part engages with the impact energy absorbing component when (b) being used for the speed that moves with respect to the leading section of installation portion at the impact energy absorbing component greater than predetermined threshold.
In the above-mentioned form (41) of steering hardware, wherein the impact energy absorbing component adopts the form of plate, energy absorbing load changes mechanism the impact energy baffle is used as deformable piece, the end of installation portion is applied power so that the force-applying piece of this plate distortion with acting on to the impact energy baffle, so that change the impact energy absorbing load by the engagement state that changes between this deformable piece and this force-applying piece.More particularly, energy absorbing load changes mechanism and comprises the resistance to deformation increase part that for example adopts from least one salient form of installation portion protrusion, perhaps comprise being configured to be equivalent to the friction force generating member that the impact energy baffle produces big friction force so that by this at least one salient maybe this friction force generating member increase the impact energy absorbing load with engaging of impact energy baffle.These examples that energy absorbing load changes mechanism adopt the pure mechanical device of operating according to principle of dynamics, and its moves highly stable, simple in structure and cost is lower than electric apparatus.
(42) according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of above-mentioned form (40), wherein the impact energy absorbing component is a plate, it comprises the U-shaped part of being made up of curve and two arms that extend from each opposite end of this curve, and the arm in this two arm comprises the end that is terminated in the junction surface, the impact energy absorbing component is configured to be installed on the installation portion, make two arms edge and the Steering gear direction substantially parallel extend, and make installation portion be clipped between two arms along the thickness direction of the plate of impact energy absorbing component with respect to a part of direction that moves of automobile body; During moving with respect to this part of automobile body along the working direction of vehicle, Steering gear is out of shape under the state that the impact energy absorbing component keeps engaging in junction surface and maintaining part by the end of installation portion, so that the position of the curve in the impact energy absorbing component changes gradually, thereby in the deformation process of impact energy absorbing component, absorb the impact energy that secondary collision produces
And wherein energy absorbing load change mechanism comprises (a) displaceable member, and this displaceable member is arranged on the installation portion and can engages with the impact energy absorbing component, makes this displaceable member to move when the impact energy absorbing component moves with respect to the end of installation portion; The displaceable member that moves that limits this displaceable member when (b) being used for moving velocity at this displaceable member greater than predetermined threshold moves limiting mechanism.
In the above-mentioned form (42) of steering hardware, wherein the impact energy absorbing component adopts the form of plate, energy absorbing load changes mechanism the impact energy baffle is used as deformable piece, the end of installation portion is applied power so that the force-applying piece of this plate distortion with acting on to the impact energy baffle, described in above-mentioned form (41), so that change the impact energy absorbing load by the engagement state that changes between this deformable piece and this force-applying piece.Different with the energy absorbing load change mechanism that is provided with in the above-mentioned form (41), energy absorbing load in this form of being arranged on (42) changes mechanism and comprises that the displaceable member that moves that is arranged on the moving member on the installation portion and is used to limit this displaceable member moves limiting mechanism, so that increase the impact energy absorbing load by the friction force that produces between this displaceable member and impact energy absorbing component.This energy absorbing load changes mechanism also can adopt the pure mechanical device of operating according to principle of dynamics, and its operation is highly stable, simple in structure, and cost is lower than electric apparatus.This displaceable member not only comprises linear displaceable member, but also comprises rotatable.
Preferred forms of the present invention
With the form of the steering hardware of motor vehicle, more specifically saying so keeps structure to be provided with the formal specification some embodiments of the present invention and the modification thereof of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of energy absorbing plate with its center pillar below.For convenience, following embodiment will be divided into several groups, describe every group of embodiment and modification thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail.Should be understood that to the invention is not restricted to following embodiment, it can have various variations, change or improvement, illustrated those embodiment in " specific embodiment of the invention " as described above, and this is attainable to one skilled in the art.In following explanation, in different embodiments of the invention, will use the identical or similar parts of same reference numerals presentation function, unless think that some are repeated in this description is necessary, otherwise will avoid being repeated in this description as much as possible to those parts.
" first group of embodiment "
Below the present invention first to the 5th embodiment similar and that form first group of embodiment is each other described.
＜the first embodiment 〉
The configuration of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment
At first with reference to the Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 that illustrates according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment of the invention structure.In this first embodiment, steering hardware comprises having and can move axially relative to each other and can rotate the steering shaft 10 of going up axle 11 and lower shaft 12 with transmitting torque together.Thereby steering shaft 10 can shrink and extend vertically.Steering shaft 10 can axially movable relative to each other outside column jecket 21 and steering-column tube 20 free rotary ground supportings of inner column jecket 22 by having.Thereby steering-column tube 20 also can shrink and extend vertically.Steering shaft 10 and steering-column tube 20 match and constitute cylinder 25.This cylinder 25 is with respect to the motor vehicle body assembling and make cylinder 25 tilt, and its right part (referring to Fig. 1 and 2) is positioned at the back upper place of its left part simultaneously.
Back supporting device A comprises that the post that is separation type support 41 forms keeps structure, and wherein separation type support 41 is used to support the support 21a that is fixed on the outside column jecket 21, so that support 21a can vertically pivot and tilt.Back supporting device A also comprises and is used for being locked on the separation type support 41 and the leaning device 35 that support 21a is separated from separation type support 41 being fixed on support 21a on the outside column jecket 21, and is used for outside column jecket 21 is locked on the inner column jecket 22 and the telescoping mechanism 36 that outside column jecket 21 is separated on the column jecket 22 internally.
Leaning device 35 structures as known in the art, and can be by the operation of the hand lever between latched position and disengaged position.In the disengaged position of leaning device 35, cylinder 25 tilts in being parallel to the vertical plane surface of longitudinal direction of car integratedly with respect to separation type support 41.Telescoping mechanism 36 structures as known in the art, and can be by the operation of the hand lever between latched position and disengaged position.In the disengaged position of telescoping mechanism 36, last axle 11 and outside column jecket 21 can move axially with respect to lower shaft 12 and inner column jecket 22 respectively, so that regulate the axial length of cylinder 25.
When vehicle and front vehicles collision, under the situation of operator (chaufeur or occupant) and bearing circle generation secondary collision, the groove 41a1 and the 41b1 that pass 41 formation of separation type support allow this separation type support 41 to move forward with respect to body side support 31.Shown in Fig. 2 dotted line, each groove 41a1 and 41b1 pass the latter half of formation of counterpart arm 41a and 41b, make this groove from the basic central portion of counterpart arm to thereafter or the upper end extend and the opening that (makes progress) in its back-end backward.As shown in Figure 4, each resin package 42 all has the column part 42a that is assemblied among corresponding groove 41a1 and the 41b1, and each resin package 42 all is bonded on the upper surface of counterpart arm 41a and 41b.Act on impulsive force on the resin package 42 when surpassing given threshold value when secondary collision takes place, resin package 42 is cracked or break.Each becket 43 all is pressed among the column part 43a that is engaged in corresponding resin package 42, and bolt 44 passes becket 43 and is fixed on the body side support 31.Impulsive force acts on the resin package 42 through bolt 44 and becket 43.
Before supporting device B support the inside column jecket 22 of steering-column tube 20 pivotally, and preceding supporting device B comprise be assemblied in with rotating freely pass be fixed on before the inner column jecket 22 or assembly opening 22a1 that the support 22a on the bottom forms in the collar 51.The collar 51 is fixed on the automobile body by screw bolt and nut (both is not shown).
The shock absorbing steering apparatus of said structure is included in the Steering gear of representing with label 5 among Fig. 1 and 2.This Steering gear 5 comprises cylinder 25 (steering shaft 10 and steering-column tube 20); The back supporting device A that comprises separation type support 41, leaning device 35 and telescoping mechanism 36; And the preceding supporting device B that comprises support 22a.
Shock absorbing steering apparatus according to this first embodiment also comprises the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism that inserts between outside column jecket 21 and the inner column jecket 22, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.The impact energy that produces under the situation of vehicle operators when the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism is used to absorb vehicle collision (chaufeur or occupant) and bearing circle generation secondary collision.The C of impact energy absorbing mechanism is configured to allow cylinder 25 axial shrinkage, thereby absorbs the impact energy that is produced.For this reason, the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism is provided with energy-absorbing element 61.
Because to distance L 1, so energy-absorbing element 61 can shear deformation or the pattern distortion of plastic deformation greater than a predetermined shaft for the axial shrinkage amount of the initial position of cylinder 25 from its Fig. 1 and 2.Energy-absorbing element 61 is formed by resin, light metal or similar material, and its cross-sectional plane is C shape substantially.Energy-absorbing element 61 is fixed as one with the outer circumferential surface of inner column jecket 22.
Energy-absorbing element 61 comprises the thin-walled support 61a of the front portion that can support outside column jecket 21 axially slidably and a plurality of fin 61b that form as one with the outside face of support 61a.When cylinder 25 axial shrinkage greater than predetermined shaft during to distance L 1, the leading section of outside column jecket 21 makes fin 61b stand shear deformation or plastic deformation.As shown in Figure 1, energy-absorbing element 61 has a plurality of salient 61c that are fixedly fitted among the corresponding assembly opening 22b, and wherein assembly opening 22b is formed in the inner column jecket 22.The axial pars intermedia of salient 61c and impact energy absorbing component 61 forms, so that inner column jecket 22 axially extends internally.
The salient that the axial outside direction of each fin 61b from the outside face of support 61a along inner column jecket 22 all has right quantity, and each fin 61b has suitable axial length.When outside column jecket 21 with respect to the initial position of inner column jecket 22 from its Fig. 1 and 2 forward the axially movable distance in below greater than predetermined shaft during to distance L 1, fin 61b is with the pattern distortion of shear deformation or plastic deformation, thus the impact energy absorbing load of generation right quantity.The shape of fin 61b and quantity can be selected as required.(
＊1)
To first embodiment shown in Figure 6, separation type support 41 comprises the main part with central portion 41c at Fig. 1, and wherein this central portion 41c is along the basic midway location place of lateral direction of car between two arm 41a, 41b.As shown in Figure 3, central portion 41c comprises two plate 41c1 and the 41c2 that the part stacks together.Lower panel 41c2 protrudes suitable length along the axial leading section from upper board 41c1 of cylinder 25.That is to say that lower panel 41c2 comprises protrusion leading section 43c3, wherein on protrusion leading section 43c3, the guide 49 that is formed by resin is installed.The impact energy absorbing component that is energy absorbing plate 71 forms is installed on the central portion 41c of separation type support 41, and guide 49 is inserted between this impact energy absorbing component and the central portion 41c simultaneously.In the present embodiment, the central portion 41c of separation type support 41 matches with guide 49 on the protrusion leading section 43c3 that is fixed on central portion 41c to constitute installation portion 45, and the impact energy absorbing component that wherein is plate 71 forms is installed on the installation portion 45.
The single long metal sheet of the impact energy that energy absorbing plate 71 produces when vehicle operators (or occupant) with Steering gear 5 (more precisely with bearing circle) secondary collision takes place for can absorb vehicle collision the time, so that, take place when this point can axially move forward with respect to automobile body because of secondary collision at the outside column jecket 21 of cylinder 25 along with separation type support 41 moves forward with respect to automobile body and absorbs impact energy.Shown in the enlarged view of Fig. 3 to Fig. 6, energy absorbing plate 71 comprises U-shaped part 71a, and the U-shaped that is somebody's turn to do part keeps engaging so that U-shaped part 71a can move with respect to separation type support 41 with guide 49.Energy absorbing plate 71 also is included in the T shape junction surface 71b of upper end place formation thereafter.Junction surface 71b can engage with the maintaining part 31a on being formed on body side support 31.
The 71a2 of top straight-arm portion extends to the rear portion of Steering gear 5 from the upper end of curve 71a1, and the upper surface of the upper board 41c1 of the upper surface of top straight-arm 71a2 of portion and guide 49 and separation type support 41 is kept in touch.Yet, top arm 71a2 also can remain on above-mentioned upper surface near.Top arm 71a2 locates to be terminated in the T shape junction surface 71b in its back-end.On the other hand, the 71a3 of bottom straight-arm portion extends at the rear portion to Steering gear 5 from curve 71a1 lower end, and the lower surface of the lower surface of bottom straight-arm 71a3 of portion and guide 49 and the lower panel 41c2 of separation type support 41 is kept in touch, and perhaps remains near above-mentioned lower surface.When separation type support 41 moved forward with respect to automobile body, the semicolumn part 49f of guide 49 forced bottom arm 71a3 moving contact semicolumn part 49f, and makes the curvature plastic deformation of bottom arm 71a3 along semicolumn part 49f.This semicolumn part 49f constitutes above-mentioned guide part 48.The impact energy that this distortion of bottom arm 71a3 produces when making above-mentioned secondary collision is absorbed, and the lengthwise position of the energy absorbing plate 71 that wherein is formed with curve 71a1 is changed.
T shape junction surface 71b extends upward from the rear end of the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped part 71a.In other words, by making the rearward end bending of U-shaped part 71a, make T shape junction surface 71b form T shape junction surface 71b perpendicular to upper arm parts 71a2.T shape junction surface 71b locates to comprise pair of engaging part 71b1 and 71b2 in the top, so that fastener 71b1 and 71b2 can engage with the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 on being fixed on automobile body.Before separation type support 41 moved forward with respect to automobile body, T shape junction surface 71b was from its spaced apart backward preset distance L2 of joint place (shown in imaginary line Fig. 1 and 3) that engages with the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31.Thereby, separation type support 41 and energy absorbing plate 71 be provided with free-running operation distance L 2 between T shape junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a (more precisely being the front end of the concave part 31a1 of maintaining part 31a), so that can move freely free-running operation distance L 2 from initial position (before moving) with respect to body side support 31.When the two fastener 71b1 at junction surface 71 and 71b2 and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter when engaging, fastener 71b1 and 71b2 are subjected to shearing stress.
As mentioned above, the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 has concave part 31a1, and this concave part is located in its back-end to the rear view of vehicle opening, and this concave part can engage with the junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 71.This concave part 31a1 has otch, and the width of this otch is slightly larger than the width W 1 of the vertical component effect of T shape junction surface 71b.This otch of concave part 31a1 enters the guide that guides T shape junction surface 71b to move with respect to maintaining part 31a when engaging with acting at junction surface 71b and maintaining part 31a.The upper surface of concave part 31a1 portion place in its back-end tilts, and is beneficial to the initial engagement action of junction surface 71b and concave part 31a1.(
＊2)
Among this first embodiment, the width of the 71a1 of bow action portion of the U-shaped part 71a of energy absorbing plate 71 is less than the width of other parts 71a2,72a3, so that the impact energy absorbing load increases with lower speed in junction surface 71b and starting stage that maintaining part 31a engages.Thereby the less curve 71a1 of width is with the initial load regulating mechanism that acts on adjusting impact energy absorbing load in junction surface 71b and starting stage that maintaining part 31a engages.
Guide 49 has a pair of top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 and location, a pair of top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2, wherein this top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 separate each other at a certain distance along the Width of upper arm parts 71a2, and this location, a pair of top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 also separate each other at a certain distance along above-mentioned Width, as shown in Figure 4.Top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 are formed in the leading section of guide 49, and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 are formed in the rearward end of guide 49.The upper arm parts 71a2 broad ways of energy absorbing plate 71 is positioned at its anterior between two top positioning salience 49a1,49a2, and along width and thickness direction be positioned at its between location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 than the rear portion.The width of the leading section of lower arm part 71a3 increases to its rear end gradually from its front end, so that the impact energy absorbing load that junction surface 71b engages in the starting stage with maintaining part 31a increases gradually.Guide 49 also has a pair of along location, bottom and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 that the Width of lower arm part 71a3 separates each other at a certain distance, so that lower arm part 71a3 is positioned at it on the vertical middle part between location, bottom and maintainance block 49c1, the 49c2 along width and thickness direction.
In this first embodiment, T shape junction surface 71b along the length of the thickness direction of upper arm parts 71a2 or height greater than the location, top of guide 49 and the height of maintainance block 49b1,49b2.As shown in Figure 4, the width W 1 of the vertical component effect at T shape junction surface is less than the location, top of guide 49 and the distance between maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2, so that this vertical component effect can axially moving between location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 along Steering gear 5.
Extremely shown in Figure 9 as Fig. 7, guide 49 is J-shaped (referring to Fig. 7) substantially, and it has above-mentioned two top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 and is used to locate two tops location and maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 of the upper arm parts 72a2 of energy absorbing plate 71, and the location, above-mentioned two bottoms and maintainance block 49c1, the 49c2 that are used to locate the lower arm part 71a3 of energy absorbing plate 71.
The back extension 49n of location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 and guide 49 forms as one, and location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 pass and run through the through hole 41d that separation type support 41 forms, so that each location, opposite flank of the upper arm parts 71a2 of the upper end adjacent energy baffle 71 of location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2.As shown in Figure 9, the upper end of location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 has inclined surface S1 and S2 respectively, the distance that this two inclined surface S1, S2 form therebetween is that the edge reduces to the direction of upper arm parts 71a2 gradually from lower arm part 71a3 in the upward direction, and wherein location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 extend along being somebody's turn to do the direction that makes progress from back extension 49n.The upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 is positioned at along its thickness and Width between the upper surface of upper board 41c1 of each inclined surface S1, S2 and separation type support 41.
Two bottoms location and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 also form as one with the back extension 49n of guide 49, so that locate each opposite flank of the lower arm part 71a3 of location, two bottoms and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 adjacent energy baffle 71.Also as shown in Figure 9, location, two bottoms and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 have inclined surface S3 and S4 respectively, the distance that this two inclined surface S3, S4 form therebetween reduces in a downward direction gradually, and its location, middle and lower part and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 extend along this downward direction from back extension 49n.The lower arm part 71a3 of energy absorbing plate 71 is positioned at along its thickness and Width between the lower surface of back extension 49n of each inclined surface S3, S4 and guide 49.
The ii) service condition of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment
In shock absorbing steering apparatus according to the invention described above first embodiment, at vehicle and arbitrary objects for example during its fwd vehicle collision, vehicle operators or occupant and be fixed under the situation of the bearing circle generation secondary collision on the Steering gear 5, cracked along with resin package 42, separation type support 41 moves along vehicle forward direction from body side support 31 and separates.As a result, the rear portion of Steering gear 5 (" moveable part " that is called Steering gear 5, it comprises the outside column jecket 21 of cylinder 25 and the separation type support 41 of the outside column jecket 21 of supporting) moves along working direction with respect to automobile body.When separation type support 41 when the moveable part of Steering gear 5 moves forward, the T shape junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 71 enters with the concave part 31a1 of the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 and engages.
The junction surface of energy absorbing plate 71 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, separation type support 41 is moved further along working direction with the moveable part of Steering gear 5, and the semicolumn part 49f that is installed in the guide 49 on separation type support 41 front portions makes the following straight-arm 71a3 of portion of U-shaped part 71a of energy baffle 71 along semicolumn part 49f plastic deformation.In other words, energy absorbing plate 71 causes lower arm part 71a3 that plastic deformation takes place with respect to relatively moving of the installation portion 45 that is used to install energy absorbing plate 71, so that along the position that vertically changes the curve 71a1 of U-shaped part 71a gradually of energy absorbing plate 71.More particularly, the leading section of the following straight-arm 71a3 of portion of the instant formation of the instant curve 71a1 that forms of adjacency is along semicolumn part 49f bending, and the upper end of the curve 71a1 of the instant formation of the instant last straight-arm 71a2 of portion that forms of adjacency is straightened, to help the new distortion of upper arm parts 71a2.The impact energy that produces when the plastic deformation of the U-shaped part 71a of the energy absorbing plate 71 of Fa Shenging causes automotive occupant and bearing circle secondary collision as mentioned above is absorbed.It should be noted that the semicolumn part 49f with the guide 49 of the curve 71a1 of U-shaped part 71a extruding moving contact plays guide part 48, this helps changing by the plastic deformation of U-shaped part 71a the position of curve 71a1.
The iii) advantage of the shock absorbing steering apparatus of first embodiment
Shock absorbing steering apparatus according to first embodiment structure has the various architectural features that different advantages are provided, and the following describes some architectural features wherein:
[1] in first embodiment, energy absorbing plate 71 is only kept by the separation type support 41 that is fixed on body side support 31, so that compare with the energy absorbing plate in the above-mentioned traditional shock absorbing steering apparatus that illustrates in " background technology ", energy absorbing plate 71 can be easily installed on the Steering gear 5, highly precisely locatees energy absorbing plate 71 with respect to automobile body simultaneously.Thereby the variation of the energy absorption characteristics of this shock absorbing steering apparatus reduces.Energy absorbing plate 71 does not need to locate in its back-end to be fixed on the cylinder 25, thereby reduces the cost of this steering hardware of assembling.
[2] in first embodiment, separation type support 41 is fixed on the body side support 31 at its right arm that is spaced apart from each other along lateral direction of car and left arm 41a, 41b place, and energy absorbing plate 71 is installed on the central portion 41c of separation type support 41.That is, the central portion 41c of separation type support 41 is used for keeping energy absorbing plate 71 effectively.
[3] in first embodiment, separation type support 41 keeps cylinder 25 to make the axial length of cylinder 25 to regulate by telescoping mechanism 36, and makes cylinder 25 or to tilt by leaning device 35 pivots.In this configuration, the inclination of cylinder 25 is moved and the adjusting of axial length can not cause and keeps the separation type support 41 of energy absorbing plate 71 to move, thus operating energy baffle 71 as required, and no matter the mode of operation of leaning device 35 and telescoping mechanism 36.
[4] in first embodiment, the U-shaped part 71a of energy absorbing plate 71 comprises upper arm parts and the lower arm part 71a2 that clamps the front end of separation type support 41 along separation type support 41 thickness directions, 71a3, and the U-shaped part 71a of energy absorbing plate 71 also comprises the junction surface 71b that extend the rear end along separation type support 41 thickness directions from upper arm parts 71a2.In this configuration, before separation type support 41 is fixed on the body side support 31, can be by on the front portion that U-shaped part 71a is assemblied in separation type support 41 and at an easy rate energy absorbing plate 71 is installed on the separation type support 41.
[5] in first embodiment, the impact energy that automotive occupant produces when being fixed on bearing circle generation secondary collision on the Steering gear 5 can be in the process that separation type support 41 moves with respect to energy absorbing plate 71 make the lower arm part 71a3 of the U-shaped part 71a of energy baffle 71 that plastic deformation take place to absorb by being arranged on guide part 48 on the separation type support 41, move and after separating along vehicle forward direction from body side support 31 owing to secondary collision at separation type support 41 simultaneously, the junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 71 keeps engaging with the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31.This shock absorbing steering apparatus that can thereby absorb impact energy makes its structure simpler owing to number of components is less.
[6] the energy absorbing plate 71 that uses among this first embodiment is single long bonding jumper, and its rear end is provided with the junction surface 71b that can engage with the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31, so that junction surface 71b receives shearing load or stress.This configuration can reduce thickness and the width of junction surface 71b when making the required strength and stiffness of junction surface 71b maintenance.The width of the thickness of energy absorbing plate 71 and U-shaped part 71a and junction surface 71b can be determined according to the expectation energy absorption characteristics that energy absorbing plate 71 needs have, guarantee that simultaneously junction surface 71b has required strength and stiffness.
[7] be provided with the initial load regulating mechanism among this first embodiment, promptly absorb in the starting stage of impact energy in the starting stage that junction surface 71b engages with maintaining part 31a, the impact energy absorbing load increases with lower speed.Thereby, can absorb impact energy smoothly, and the impact energy absorbing load is increased suddenly, wherein the impact energy absorbing load increases suddenly and can produce huge impact to vehicle operators or occupant.When this initial load regulating mechanism is arranged on the energy absorbing plate 71 that is used as the impact energy absorbing component in first embodiment, there is no need the initial load regulating mechanism to be set for energy-absorbing element.That is to say that the initial load regulating mechanism can be arranged between in impact energy absorbing component and automobile body and the separation type support 41 at least one, except or replace being arranged on initial load regulating mechanism on the impact energy absorbing component.This modification also is applicable to following other embodiments.
[8] in first embodiment, between the T shape junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 71 and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 free-running operation distance L 2 is arranged, so that in the starting stage of secondary collision, junction surface 71b can move freely this free-running operation distance L 2.Thereby the time that the U-shaped part 71a of energy baffle 71 is deformed produce the impact energy absorbing load by separation type support 41 is suitably postponed from the time that automobile body (body side support 31) separates with respect to separation type support 41.Therefore, separate from automobile body with separation type support 41 1, energy absorbing plate 71 is compared with regard to the configuration that begins to deform, and in this configuration, the impact that secondary collision produced in the starting stage is less.It shall yet further be noted that by regulating free-running operation distance L 2 and can suitably regulate as required and by separation type support 41 the U-shaped part 71a of energy baffle 71 is deformed to produce the time of impact energy absorbing load.
[9] in first embodiment, the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 has concave part 31a1, and concave part 31a1 locates to have otch in its back-end, and the junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 72 can engage with this concave part 31a1.Between the front end of the otch of junction surface 71b and concave part 31a1, has above-mentioned free-running operation distance L 2.Thereby concave part 31a1 plays the effect that is used for the guide that the 71b of guide engagement portion moves with respect to maintaining part 31a, thereby even under the situation that has free-running operation distance L 2, guarantee that junction surface 71b can engage with maintaining part 31a highly stablely.When having concave part 31a1, the setting of free-running operation distance L 2 does not need junction surface 71b along distance big at interval with maintaining part 31a on the vehicle direction backward.
[10] in this first embodiment, two plate 41c1,41c2 stacked on top of each other constitutes the installation portion 45 of separation type support 41, promptly constitutes the basic central portion 41c of separation type support 41, and wherein guide 49 and U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 are installed on the separation type support 41.The protrusion leading section 41c3 of lower panel 41c2 protrudes suitable distance from the front end edge direction forward of upper board 41c1, and when energy absorbing plate 71 slip extruding contact guidance spares 49 absorb impact energy with distortion, protrude leading section 41c3 through guide 49 reception load.This configuration elimination is protruded the needs of leading section 41c3 to making 41 bendings of separation type support with formation, thereby reduces the manufacturing cost of separation type support 41.
[11] in the present embodiment; wherein above-mentioned protrusion leading section 41c3 is arranged among two plate 41c1, the 41c2 one; this piece plate another piece plate from two plate 41c1,41c2 protrudes along direction forward; protruding leading section 41c3 can suitably be protected so as not to the load bending because of receiving through moving member 49; so that energy absorbing plate 71 can be being out of shape by way of expectations when contacting with guide 49 slip extruding, in order to absorb impact energy.Thereby the stability that is absorbed the amount of impact energy by the distortion of energy absorbing plate 71 is improved.
[12] in the present embodiment, wherein the protrusion leading section 41c3 of lower panel 41c2 protrudes from the front end of upper board 41c1, J-shaped guide 49 is assemblied in and protrudes on the leading section 41c3, makes that the aft end face of short upper arm of J-shaped guide 49 is relative with the front end of the upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41.In this configuration, the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 can contact or the upper surface of close upper board 41c1 moves, so that can reduce the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 and the distance between the lower arm part 71a3.
[13] in first embodiment, by comprising location and the holding device of a pair of top positioning salience 49b1, the 49b2 that form as one with guide 49 and a pair of top location and maintainance block 49b1,49b2, with the upper arm parts 71a2 location of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 with remain on the separation type support 41.When separation type support 41 moved axially with respect to body side support 31, this location and holding device were guaranteed the maintaining part 31a stable engagement of the junction surface 71b and the body side support 31 of energy baffle 71, and upper arm parts 71a2 is with respect to separation type support 41 location simultaneously.Even under the situation that the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 and the free-running operation distance L between the T shape junction surface 71b 2 exist, allow junction surface 71b and maintaining part 31a stable engagement, wherein the upper arm parts 71a2 of T shape junction surface 71b and energy absorbing plate 72 forms as one.
[14] in this first embodiment, this long underarm to location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 and J-shaped guide 49 forms as one, and is somebody's turn to do the form that long underarm adopts the back extension 49n that extends back.In this configuration, the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 is provided with respect to separation type support 41 in the rear end of back extension 49n, the rear end of back extension 49n is along backward the direction and the spaced apart bigger distance of semicolumn part 49f of guide 49, so that by locating and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 highly precisely locate upper arm parts 71a2 with respect to separation type support 41 on top.
[15] in the present embodiment, this of underarm 71a3 that is used to locate U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 also forms as one with the back extension 49n of J-shaped guide 49 to location, bottom and maintainance block 49c1,49c2.That is, location, bottom and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 are as location, the bottom on the back extension 49n that is arranged on guide 49 and maintaining part.Location and holding device 49a1,49a2,49b1,49b2 and maintaining part 49c1,49c2 are configured for locating the location structure of the compactness of the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 and lower arm part 71a3, highly precisely locate with respect to separation type support 41 along its width and thickness direction to guarantee energy baffle 71.
[16] in first embodiment, be formed on location, top on the back extension 49n of guide 49 and the upper end of maintainance block 49b1,49b2 and have surperficial S1 of opposing inclined and S2, the distance that this two inclined surface S1, S2 form therebetween reduces in the upward direction.Top location and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 with inclined surface S1, S2 can accurately locate energy absorbing plate 71, and no matter the thickness and the width of the energy absorbing plate 71 of chosen expectation uptake of regulating impact energy, as shown in figure 10.This advantage also can by on the back extension that also is formed on guide 49 and location, bottom and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 with opposing inclined surface S3 and S4 provide, wherein the distance that is formed therebetween of opposing inclined surface S3 and S4 reduces in a downward direction, as shown in Figure 9.
[17] in this first embodiment, the width W 1 of the vertical component effect of the T shape junction surface 71b of energy absorbing plate 71 is less than the location, two tops of guide 49 and the distance W 2 between maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2, so that the vertical component effect of junction surface 71b can move between location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 with respect to the direction that body side support 31 moves along separation type support 41.Size relationship between the distance W 2 between the width W 1 of the vertical component effect of junction surface 71b and location, top and maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 makes it possible to green phase and moves U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 for separation type support 41 edge directions backward, the vertical component effect at T shape junction surface 71 passes between location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 simultaneously, and utilization is fixed on the guide 49 on the energy absorbing plate 71 and energy absorbing plate 71 is installed on the separation type support 41 at an easy rate.
The iv) modification of the first embodiment shock absorbing steering apparatus
Energy absorbing plate 71 is installed on separation type support 41 and the guide 49, so that upper arm parts 71a2 is supported by the upper surface of guide 49 and the upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41 in its front end, and upper arm parts 71a2 portion place is in its back-end located and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 location by the top of guide 49, as shown in Figure 3.That is, upper arm parts 71a2 is in the part supporting of its lower surface by the installation portion 45 of separation type support 41.Yet, this kind configuration changeable type of the upper arm parts 71a2 of supporting energy absorbing plate 71, as shown in figure 11.In this modification, upper arm parts 71a1 is supported by the upper surface and the upper board 41c1 of guide 49 in the front end, portion is by location, the top of guide 49 and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 supporting therebetween for upper arm parts 71a1, and upper arm parts 71a1 is supported by the upper surface of upper board 41c1 at the portion place in its back-end.In this modification, upper arm parts 71a is in the part supporting of lower surface by the installation portion 45 of separation type support 41.Yet, being used for therebetween, location, top and maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 of portion location upper arm parts 71a2 match with the guide 49 and the upper board 41c1 that are used at its leading section and rearward end supporting upper arm parts 71a2, highly precisely to locate upper arm parts 71a2 along its thickness direction, with enough big power upper arm parts 71a2 is remained on the separation type support 41 simultaneously with respect to separation type support 41.
＜the second embodiment 〉
In first embodiment, the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 is by a pair of top maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 location of guide 49, as shown in Figure 3.But in second embodiment shown in Figure 12, upper arm parts 71a2 is by the location and the holding device supporting of three folders of rectangle, 81 forms.In others, all identical according to the structure of the shock absorbing device of this second embodiment with above-mentioned first embodiment with service condition, and second embodiment has the above-mentioned advantage [1] that illustrates in conjunction with first embodiment to [13].
Three in rectangle folder 81 is formed by sheetmetal, and its structure has three sides, and wherein these three sides comprise a side and the two relative sides that link to each other with curve 81a of the 81a of the bent intermediate portion form of elastically deformable, as shown in figure 13.Curve 81a is crooked and have an interior convex surface that is used for the upper surface Elastic Contact of the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 to the inner space that formed by these three sides.Three folder two relative sides of 81 all have the joint jaw 81b of elastically deformable, engage jaw 81b and are used for lower surface Elastic Contact with the lower arm part 71a3 of energy absorbing plate 71.Curve 81a with engage jaw 81b and match to be configured for the elastically deformable portion with the upper arm parts of this plate 71 and lower arm part 71a2,71a3 elastic joint.Three in rectangle folder 81 is with respect to separation type support 41, guide 49 and be installed in energy absorbing plate 71 assemblings on the central portion 41c of separation type support 41.Separation type support 41 has through hole 41d, so that three folders, 81 edges are inserted through hole 41d from upper arm parts 71a2 to the direction of lower arm part 71a3, so that keep pushing upper arm parts and lower arm part 71a2, the 71a3 that contacts, as shown in figure 12 with the upper end elasticity of curve 81a and joint jaw 81b.When the T shape junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after energy absorbing plate 71 when moving, three folders 81 separate from energy absorbing plate 71.
As shown in figure 12, guide 49 comprises the supporting salient 49g that is formed on the extension 49n of back.The curve 81a of three in rectangle folder 81 and engage jaw 81b and force upper arm parts 71a2 to lean against on the upper surface of supporting salient 49g of the upper surface of upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41 and guide 49, and force lower arm part 71a3 to lean against on the lower surface of back extension 49n of guide 49.Thereby the guide 49 of extruding contact and energy absorbing plate 71 are with respect to the central portion 41c assembling of separation type support 41 each other.In this second embodiment, guide 49 is more specifically said so and is supported the support of salient 49g as installation portion 45, this support matches flexibly to keep the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 between them with three folders 81, and wherein this support contacts with this upper arm parts extruding along the thickness direction of upper arm parts 71a2 there with three folders 81.
In this second embodiment, the upper arm parts of energy absorbing plate 71 and lower arm part 71a2 and 71a3 flexibly locate and flexibly remain between three folders 81 of rectangle by three folders 81 of rectangle along the thickness direction of this arm.Thereby, energy absorbing plate 71 can be installed on the separation type support 41, and not have the danger of energy absorbing plate 71 with respect to separation type support 41 quick travel.This second embodiment be also advantageous in that can with the cooresponding particular range of maximum flexibility deflection of three folder curve 81a of 81 in select the thickness of energy absorbing plate 71, and needn't change the structure of three folders 81.Thereby, present embodiment can effectively regulate by the thickness of energy absorbing plate 71 is suitably regulated its amount of absorbent impact energy.And, since the T shape junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, when this plate 71 moves with respect to separation type support 41, three folders 81 separate from energy absorbing plate 71 automatically, thereby can absorb the impact energy that is produced by above-mentioned secondary collision according to the mode of expecting by the elastic deformation of energy absorbing plate 71.
Then, the modification of second embodiment is shown with reference to Figure 14, wherein the lower arm part 71a3 of energy absorbing plate 71 therebetween portion along direction local bending away from the lower surface of the back extension 49n of guide 49.The pars intermedia elastically deformable that this of lower arm part 71a3 is crooked, and this pars intermedia keeps the elasticity extruding to contact at its lower surface with the joint jaw 81b of three folders 81.Compare with second embodiment, in this modification shown in Figure 14, the thickness of energy absorbing plate 71 can be selected in the scope of broad.
＜the three embodiment 〉
Figure 15 illustrates the third embodiment of the present invention.In the 3rd embodiment, the registration device by retainer belt 91 forms with the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 with respect to separation type support 41 location with keep.In others, the structure of the 3rd embodiment is all identical with first embodiment with service condition, and the 3rd embodiment have above in conjunction with the above-mentioned advantage [1] of first embodiment explanation to [13].
Effective maintenance variable-length of retainer belt 91, and this retainer belt 91 is configured to the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 and anchor plate 41c1a on the upper board 41c1 that is formed on separation type support 41 are kept together.This anchor plate 41c1a is as the maintaining part that is arranged on installation portion 45.When the loading of reservation threshold is on retainer belt 91, it will break or be cracked.That is to say, the T shape junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, when energy absorbing plate 71 moved with respect to separation type support 41, retainer belt 91 will be cracked.
In this 3rd embodiment, can in the scope of broad, select the thickness and the width of energy absorbing plate 71, and needn't change the structure of retainer belt 91, because the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 can be located and keep to retainer belt 91 with respect to separation type support 41, and no matter concrete thickness and the width of this plate 71 in above-mentioned scope.In this, can reduce the manufacturing cost of this steering hardware.In addition, since the junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, when energy absorbing plate 71 moves with respect to separation type support 41, retainer belt 91 is cracked automatically, thereby can be by absorbing impact energy by way of expectations with the slide elastic deformation of the energy absorbing plate 71 that extruding contacts of guide 49.
With reference to Figure 16, Figure 17 A and Figure 17 B, first modification of third embodiment of the invention is shown, wherein the back extension 49n of guide 49 has the connecting bore 49h that wherein inserts retainer belt 91.In this modification, can prevent that retainer belt 91 edge directions backward from moving away from the anchor plate 41c1a of the upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41, and retainer belt 91 can be realized required location and maintenance effect highly stablely.
Figure 18 illustrates second modification of the 3rd embodiment, and wherein retainer belt 91 forms as one with the back extension 49 of guide 49, so that retainer belt 91 can be regulated in its confining force scope and the load on acting on it can be broken during above given threshold values.In this modification,, therefore can reduce the manufacturing and the assembly cost of this steering hardware because retainer belt 91 forms as one with guide 49.
Figure 19 illustrates the 3rd modification of the 3rd embodiment, wherein the length of the back extension 49n of the upper arm parts 71a2 of definite energy absorbing plate 71 and guide 49 makes the rear end of upper arm parts 71a2 and back extension 49n be positioned on the trailing flank of the through hole 41d that passes 41 formation of separation type support.By retainer belt 91 upper arm parts of energy absorbing plate 71 and lower arm part 71a2,71a3 and back extension 49n are kept together, this retainer belt 91 also can be regulated in its confining force scope and the load on acting on it can be broken during above given threshold values.In this modification, retainer belt 91 can prevent that energy absorbing plate 71 is with respect to separation type support 41 quick travel.In this modification, the upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41 is as support.
Figure 20 illustrates the 4th modification of the 3rd embodiment, and wherein, the rear end of the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 is not positioned on the trailing flank of through hole 41d of separation type support 41, and the rear end of the back extension 49n of guide 49 is positioned on the trailing flank of through hole 41d.And supporting salient 49g and back extension 49n form as one.In this modification, by retainer belt 91 the back extension 49n of upper arm parts and lower arm part 71a2,71a3 and guide 49 and supporting salient 49g are kept together, this retainer belt 91 also can break during above given threshold values in the range regulation of its confining force and the load when acting on it on.In this modification, retainer belt 91 can prevent that also energy absorbing plate 71 is with respect to separation type support 41 quick travel.
＜the four embodiment 〉
Then with reference to Figure 21, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 has the crooked maintaining part 71c of the U-shaped that is formed on its rear end.Crooked maintaining part 71c is with acting on location and the holding device of locating and keep energy absorbing plate 71 with respect to separation type support 41.The rear end that crooked maintaining part 71c clamps the upper board 41c1 of separation type support 41, and elastically deformable, so that the junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, when energy absorbing plate 71 moved with respect to separation type support 41, crooked maintaining part 71c separated from upper board 41c1.In others, all identical on structure and service condition according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the 4th embodiment with first embodiment, and the 4th embodiment have above in conjunction with the advantage [1] of first embodiment explanation to [13].
In the 4th embodiment, wherein the upper arm parts 71a2 of energy absorbing plate 71 comprises the crooked maintaining part 71c of U-shaped, can be only by according to the concrete thickness of energy absorbing plate 71 with width designs crooked maintaining part 71c and with respect to separation type support 41 location with keep energy absorbing plate 71.In addition, since the junction surface 71b and the maintaining part 31a of body side support 31 enter engage after, when energy absorbing plate 71 moves with respect to separation type support 41, crooked maintaining part 71c can break automatically, thereby can be by absorbing impact energy by way of expectations with the slide elastic deformation of the energy absorbing plate 71 that extruding contacts of guide 49.
＜the five embodiment 〉
With reference to Figure 22 to Figure 25, the fifth embodiment of the present invention is shown, wherein, the same with first embodiment, the central portion 41c of separation type support 41 is made of two plate 41c1,41c2, the lateral center portion of the leading section of lower panel 41c2 extends suitable distance from upper board 41c1 along direction forward, as protruding leading section 41c3.The guide 49 that resin material forms is installed on this protrusion leading section 41c3.
In the 5th embodiment, by being formed on a pair of positioning salience 41c4 and the guide 49 of 41c5 location and installation on the protrusion leading section 41c3 of lower panel 41c2 on the upper board 41c1, and make these guide 49 broad wayss between this is to positioning salience 41c4 and 41c5.These positioning saliences 41c4,41c5 can prevent that guide 49 is with respect to the Width quick travel of separation type support 41 along energy absorbing plate 71.
In the 5th embodiment, the same with first embodiment, guide 49 comprise the location of adopting a pair of top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 and location, a pair of top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 form and holding device, location, employing bottom and maintainance block 49c1,49c2 form maintaining part, concave part 49d, engage salient 49e, adopt the guide part 48 and the back extension 49n of semicolumn part 49f form.Compare with first embodiment, in the 5th embodiment, top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 extend bigger distance from semicolumn part 49f along direction forward.In the 5th embodiment, guide 49 also comprises a pair of salient 49j1, the 49j2 that pair of engaging jaw 49i1,49i2 that broad ways is spaced apart from each other and broad ways are spaced apart from each other.
Two engage jaw 49i1,49i2 and location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 forms as one, and makes two joint jaw 49i1,49i2 extend along direction forward from location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1,49b2.Two engage jaw 49i1,49i2 respectively with the upper arm parts 71a2 that is formed on U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 in groove 71d1,71d2 keep engaging, move forward from guide 49 to prevent energy absorbing plate 71.
The back extension 49n of two salient 49j1,49j2 and guide 49 forms as one, so that laying respectively at, two salient 49j1,49j2 engage jaw 49i1,49i2 below, so that be installed on the guide 49 in that guide 49 is installed on the separation type support 41 or with energy absorbing plate 71, when plate 71 is mobile backward with respect to guide 49 simultaneously, prevent to engage that jaw 49i1,49i2 are out of shape or crooked amount is excessive downwards, and cause engage jaw 49i1,49i2 break or cracked.
In the 5th embodiment, as shown in figure 25, when energy absorbing plate 71 is installed on the guide 49, when plate 71 is mobile backward simultaneously, location, two tops and maintainance block 49b1, the 49b2 of guide 49 are laterally outwardly-bent, so that location, two tops enters against contacting with the wall surface of through hole 41sd with maintainance block 49b1,49b2.Thereby, two tops location and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 can prevent guide 49 with respect to separation type support 41 along its Width quick travel.
Parts as the shock absorbing steering apparatus of the 5th embodiment feature have been described, the others of this steering hardware are identical with first embodiment on structure and service condition.The advantage [1] that illustrates in conjunction with first embodiment above the 5th embodiment has is to 17.
Although being formed respectively, pair of engaging jaw 49i1,49i2 among the 5th embodiment extend forward from location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2, but can be independent of location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 and form joint jaw 49i1,49i2, first modification of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 26 and 27.In this modification, engage jaw 49i1,49i2 respectively salient 49j1, the 49j2 on the back extension 49n that also is formed on guide 49 be bent downwardly.
Among the 5th embodiment, can engage jaw 49i1,49i2 by two and engage with two groove 71d1,71d2 among the upper arm parts 71a2 that is formed on energy absorbing plate 71 respectively and prevent that U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 from moving forward.But in the configuration of second modification of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 28 and 29, can prevent in the configuration of the 3rd modification of the 5th embodiment perhaps shown in Figure 30 that energy absorbing plate 71 from moving.
In second modification of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 28 and 29, two engage jaw 49i1,49i2 can replace with pair of engaging salient 49k1,49k2, and this forms as one with two inclined surface S1 and the S2 of location, top and maintainance block 49b1,49b2 respectively to engaging salient 49k1,49k2.Two engage salient 49k1,49k2 keeps engaging with groove 71d1,71d2 respectively, and two groove 71d1,71d2 are formed among the upper arm parts 71a2 at the energy junction surface 71 that is installed on the guide 49.Thereby, engage salient 49k1,49k2 and match with two groove 71d1,71d2 to prevent that the energy absorbing plate from moving forward.
In the 3rd modification of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 30, two engage jaw 49i1,49i2 can replace with pair of engaging salient 49m1,49m2, and this forms as one respectively with on the two relative surperficial S1 of top positioning salience 49a1,49a2 and the S2 to engaging salient 49m1,49m2.Two engage salient 49m1,49m2 respectively be installed in guide 49 on groove 71d1, the 71d2 of energy absorbing plate 71 keep engaging.Thereby, engage salient 49m1,49m2 and match with two groove 71d1,71d2 to prevent that the energy absorbing plate from moving forward.
The common modification of＜the first group of embodiment 〉
In above-mentioned first to the 5th embodiment, location and holding device are arranged in such one type steering hardware, in the steering hardware of the type, and the maintaining part 31a of the junction surface 71b that forms as one of the upper arm parts 71a2 of U-shaped energy absorbing plate 71 and body side support 31 between have free-running operation distance L 2 vertically.Yet, location and holding device also can be arranged in the steering hardware of another kind of type, in the steering hardware of the type, when on the part that the separation type support is installed in automobile body, the junction surface of energy absorbing plate enters with maintaining part on being arranged on automobile body and engages with interim maintenance energy absorbing plate.In first group of embodiment, the upper arm parts of energy absorbing plate is located with respect to the separation type support by location and holding device and is kept, so that the separation type support is easy to assembling (as shown in Figure 5 with respect to automobile body, by bolt 44 is screwed into nut 31) on, the while is accurately located the upper arm parts of energy absorbing plate with respect to the separation type support height.
In each of first to the 5th embodiment, by the part of automobile body by back supporting device A and preceding supporting device B supporting cylinder 245.Yet, single supporting device can be set, in order to support this cylinder by automobile body.
Being configured to not only according to each the shock absorbing steering apparatus among first to the 5th embodiment can be by absorbing the impact energy of vehicle operators or the generation of occupant's secondary collision with the slide distortion of the energy absorbing plate 71 that extruding contact of guide 49, and can absorb this impact energy by the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism that is arranged on the cylinder 25.But except the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism type, other impact energy absorbing mechanism also can be arranged between Steering gear 5 and the automobile body.Should also be understood that the C of impact energy absorbing mechanism is not necessary, but can remove.
The above-mentioned common modification of first group of embodiment is applicable to the embodiment of other group that will describe.
" second group of embodiment "
Here will describe the 6th to the 8th embodiment of the present invention, these embodiment are similar each other and constitute second group of embodiment jointly.
＜the six embodiment 〉
With reference to Figure 31 to Figure 35, shock absorbing steering apparatus constructed according to the invention is shown.The Steering gear 5 of this steering hardware and the structure of other parts are similar to first embodiment.First embodiment from the beginning to (
*2) the above-mentioned explanation referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 6 at expression position is applicable to the steering hardware of this 6th embodiment.Yet, below in the description and Figure 31 to Figure 35 to the 6th embodiment, reference number 131,141,149 and 171 is used to refer to respectively for body side support, separation type support, guide and energy absorbing plate, and they refer to reference numerals 31,41,49 and 71 respectively in first embodiment.These parts 131,141,149 among the 6th embodiment and 171 component parts are represented with corresponding reference number and the combination of letter " a ", " b ", " c " etc.
In the 6th embodiment, the width of the upper arm of the upper arm parts 171a2 form of 171a1 of bow action portion and employing U-shaped energy absorbing plate 171 is less than the underarm that adopts lower arm part 171a3 form, so that the impact energy absorbing load increases with lower speed in junction surface 171b and starting stage that the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 engages, and in engaging process, increase to desired numerical value at reasonable time point place.That is, the width of curve 171a1 is less than the width of lower arm part 171a3, and this size relationship provides the initial load regulating mechanism.
Be arranged on the concave part 149d that guide 149 among the 6th embodiment has the protrusion leading section 141c3 of the lower panel 141c2 that engages separation type support 131, and comprise that arc semicolumn part 149f, arc semicolumn part 149f are used to make the lower arm part 171a3 plastic deformation of the energy absorbing plate 171 that contacts with its slip extruding.As shown in figure 34, guide 149 is the J-shaped structure substantially, and this J-shaped structure comprises the back extension 149n that extends along vehicle direction backward from the bottom, to form the long arm of J-shaped.Guide 149 is installed on the separation type support 141, so that the aft end face of the short arm of J-shaped is relative with the front end face of upper board 141c.Back extension 149n is formed with hook portion 149e in its back-end.This hook portion 149e keeps engaging with the rearward end of the lower panel 141c2 of separation type support 141, as shown in figure 34.
In this shock absorbing steering apparatus, bump against arbitrary objects at vehicle, take place under the situation of secondary collision in vehicle operators or occupant, the impact that acts on the resin collar 42 surpasses predetermined going up in limited time, separation type support 141 is 131 mobile and separation along vehicle forward direction from the body side support, and the resin collar 42 is cracked simultaneously.Moving forward of separation type support 141 causes final the entering with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 of the junction surface 171b that is installed in the energy absorbing plate 171 on the mobile separation type support 141 to engage.
Along with the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 engage with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 after separation type support 141 further move forward with respect to automobile body, with semicolumn part 149f slide the energy absorbing plate 171 that extruding contact U-shaped part 171a lower arm part 171a3 by and be out of shape along the semicolumn part 149f of guide 149.Thereby, when moving with the upper arm parts of the instant formation of the back extension 149n moving contact of upper board 141c and guide 149 and lower arm part 171a2 and 171a3, the curve 171a1 of the instant formation of U-shaped part 171a gradually changes the position longitudinally along energy absorbing plate 171.Thereby impact energy is absorbed by the distortion of the energy absorbing plate 171 that contacts with guide 149 slip extruding.
In the 6th embodiment, need not be provided for locating and keeping location and the holding device of the upper arm parts 171a2 of energy absorbing plate 171.Yet the advantage [1] that illustrates in conjunction with first embodiment above the steering hardware of present embodiment has is to [12].But as mentioned above, location and holding device can be set among this embodiment.
When the steering hardware of above-mentioned the 6th embodiment uses Figure 31 energy absorbing plate extremely shown in Figure 35 171 and has the body side support 131 of maintaining part 131a, can use the energy absorbing plate 171 of change, first modification of the 6th embodiment as shown in figure 36, and the body side support 131 of use change, second modification of the 6th embodiment as shown in figure 37.In energy absorbing plate 171 shown in Figure 36, T shape junction surface 171b has will bend to the L-shaped top of cross-sectional plane, so that junction surface 171b has the mechanical strength of increase.In body side support 131 shown in Figure 37, the rearward end that wherein is formed with maintaining part 131a is bent downwardly, to improve its mechanical strength.
And, can use the body side support 132 of change, the 3rd modification of the 6th embodiment as shown in figure 38.The body side support 132 of this change comprises the maintaining part 132a that does not have otch.The 3rd modification uses the energy absorbing plate 172 that changes to replace T shape junction surface 171b, and the energy absorbing plate 172 of change comprises the junction surface 172b of a pair of hook-type.The junction surface 172b of hook-type can engage with the maintaining part 132a that does not have otch.In the 4th modification of the 6th embodiment shown in Figure 39, with the energy absorbing plate 172 of the energy absorbing plate 172 replacement Figure 38 that comprise a junction surface, the pair of L-shaped curve 172c form that can engage with maintaining part 132a is adopted at this junction surface.In being parallel to plate 172 Widths and the plane perpendicular to plate 172 planes, the cross-sectional plane of each sweep 172c is all L-shaped.
In addition, can use the body side support 133 of change, the 5th modification of the 6th embodiment as shown in figure 40.The body side support 133 of this change comprises the maintaining part of employing along the joint salient 133a form of backward directions extension.The energy absorbing plate 173 that the 5th modification use to change, the energy absorbing plate 173 of change comprise have can with the junction surface that engages salient 133a engaging hole engaged 173b1.
＜the seven embodiment 〉
Then, the shock absorbing steering apparatus according to the seventh embodiment of the invention structure is shown with reference to Figure 41 to Figure 43.In the 7th embodiment, body side support 131 is provided with load adjustment device 180.Except load adjustment device 180, the structure of the 6th embodiment of the structure of the 7th embodiment and Figure 31 to Figure 35 is basic identical, the 7th embodiment not only has the advantage identical with the 6th embodiment, and owing to be provided with load adjustment device 180 and also have additional advantage, this will be described hereinafter.
Can opening-closing plate 181 be installed on the body side support 131 by the holding element 134 that is fixed on the support 131, so that plate 181 moves along longitudinal direction of car with respect to support 131, optionally to open and close concave part 131a1.Opening-closing plate 181 has center through hole 181a, is equipped with the column part 184a of the resin collar 184 among the center through hole 181a, as shown in figure 42.
For example be configured to detect the output signal of the sensor (SS) 185 whether the vehicle member fasten one's safety belt according to the sensor that is used to detect vehicle or automotive occupant state, under the control of electronic control unit (ECU) 186 (mainly forming) by computing machine, make electromagnetic actuator 182 energisings or outage, whether fasten one's safety belt to detect vehicle operators.Seat belt sensor 185 and ECU186 are as shown in figure 41.Electromagnetic actuator 182 is arranged on opening-closing plate 181 tops, and by holding element 134 supportings, electromagnetic actuator 182 is provided with stop pin 182a.When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 182 energisings, so that stop pin 182a moves down among the column part 184a of the resin collar 184 that into is assemblied among the through hole 181a, as shown in figure 42.When vehicle operators did not fasten one's safety belt, electromagnetic actuator 182 was de-energized, so that stop pin 182a withdraws from column part 184a to its top punctured position, as shown in figure 43.
As mentioned above among Pei Zhi the 7th embodiment, when vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, by giving electromagnetic actuator 182 energisings, stop opening-closing plate 181 to move forward by the stop pin 182a among the column part 184a that is assemblied in the resin collar 184, wherein this resin collar is assemblied among the through hole 181a, as shown in figure 42.In the position of the plate 181 of Figure 42, plate 181 can prevent that the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 from engaging with the concave part 131a1 of the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 thereby move forward, but junction surface 171b does not enter with body side support 131 and engages.In this case, at junction surface 171b since its with opening-closing plate 181 against contacting during bending, the impact energy that energy absorbing plate 171 is absorbed is more medium and small than the 6th embodiment.
On the other hand, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, electromagnetic actuator 182 is de-energized, so that the column part 184a that stop pin 182a moves up and withdraws from the resin collar 184, resin collar 184a is assemblied among the through hole 181a of opening-closing plate 181, so that stop pin 182a arrives the top punctured position of its Figure 43.In this case, the load that plate 181 receives is greater than the cracked required power of the column part 184a that makes the resin collar 184 (this power less than making the resin collar 42 cracked required power among the 6th embodiment), so that plate 181 moves forward, thereby allow the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 to engage with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131.
When vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 is along with support 141 moves forward, and enter against contacting with opening-closing plate 181, the result causes the column part 184a of the resin collar 184 cracked.Thereby, the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 is slurcam 181 forward, so that the concave part 131a1 of the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 opens, thereby allow the junction surface 171b of plate 171 to engage, as the 6th embodiment with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131.
The 7th embodiment working load control apparatus 180 is as the device that is used for optionally allowing or stoping energy absorbing plate 171 impact to absorb, so that when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 can promote the opening-closing plate 181 of load adjustment device 180 forward, engages thereby junction surface 171b is entered with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131.Yet load adjustment device 180 can be replaced by the load adjustment device 190 according to first modification shown in Figure 44, is perhaps replaced by the load adjustment device 200 according to Figure 45 second modification extremely shown in Figure 47.
Opening-closing plate 191 is installed on the body side support 131, so that plate 191 can pivot between open position and off position around the pivot pin 193 that is fixed on the support 131, in this open position and off position, the concave part 131a1 of the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 is open and close correspondingly.Pivot pin 193 is arranged on basic intermediate point place along the Width of the groove of concave part 131a1, and is positioned at the front of maintaining part 131a.Plate 191 has the axially extended slotted hole 191a along pivot pin 193.
For example be configured to detect the output signal of the sensor (SS) 185 whether vehicle operators fasten one's safety belt according to the sensor that is used to detect vehicle or automotive occupant state, under the control of electronic control unit (ECU) 186 (mainly forming) by computing machine, make electromagnetic actuator 192 energisings or outage, as the 7th embodiment of Figure 41 to Figure 43.Electromagnetic actuator 192 is arranged on the front of opening-closing plate 191, and by body side support 131 supporting, and it is provided with bar 192a, and bar 192a has and bends to L shaped rearward end, and this rearward end engages with the slotted hole 191a maintenance of plate 191.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 192 energisings, move backward to it with the bar 192a that is used in opening-closing plate 191 pivots and use the off position shown in the solid line in Figure 44, wherein plate 191 is closed the concave part 131a1 of body side support 131.When vehicle operators did not fasten one's safety belt, electromagnetic actuator 192 was de-energized, and moves forward to the bar 192a that is used in plate 191 pivots and use the open position shown in the long and two-short dash line in Figure 44, and wherein concave part 131a opens.
In first modification shown in Figure 44, when vehicle operators fastened one's safety belt, opening-closing plate 191 remains on to be used among Figure 44 in the off position shown in the solid line, gives electromagnetic actuator 192 energisings simultaneously, makes bar 192a move backward.Off position at plate 191, only receiving of the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 and opening-closing plate 191 by pivot pin 193 against contact force, rather than pass to bar 192a, so that plate 191 remains on its closed condition, wherein plate 191 is closed the concave part 131a1 of the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131, engages with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 so that plate 191 can prevent the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and thereby the junction surface 171b of energy baffle 171 is moved forward, but junction surface 171b does not enter with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 and does not engage.In this case, at junction surface 171b since its with opening-closing plate 191 against contacting when crooked, more medium and small by the impact energy of energy absorbing plate 171 absorptions than the 6th embodiment.
On the other hand, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, make electromagnetic actuator 192 outages, so that its bar 192a shrinks along working direction, so that opening-closing plate 192 is switched to its open position, wherein the concave part 131a1 of maintaining part 131a stays open, thereby junction surface 171b is engaged with maintaining part 131a.
When vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 moves and enters with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 along this working direction and engages, as the 6th embodiment.
In load adjustment device shown in Figure 44 190, the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 is received by pivot pin 193 against contact force with the opening-closing plate 191 that is in its off position, and does not pass to the bar 192a of electromagnetic actuator 192.In addition, opening-closing plate 191a enters its open position, engages with maintaining part 131a to allow junction surface 171b, so that the impact energy that is absorbed by energy absorbing plate 171 does not act on the electromagnetic actuator 192.Thereby, can reduce the required size and the manufacturing cost of electromagnetic actuator 192.
In load adjustment device shown in Figure 44 190, opening-closing plate 191 is pivotally connected on the body side support 131 by pivot pin 193, and pivots between its off position and open position by the bar 192a of electromagnetic actuator 192.But, can replace this pivotable opening-closing plate 191 with the opening-closing plate that is installed on the body side support 131 by suitable holding element, so that the former plate can move between its open position and off position along the Width of the concave part 131a1 of maintaining part 131a, in its open position and off position, concave part 131a1 is opened and closed respectively.
Figure 45 is the joint regulating mechanisms that are used to allow or stop the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 to engage with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131 to load adjustment device 200 shown in Figure 47.Load adjustment device 200 comprises back plate 135 and the electromagnetic actuator 202 that is installed on the body side support 131, and electromagnetic actuator 202 is used to make back plate 135 to move along longitudinal direction of car.
For example be configured to detect the output signal of the seat belt sensor (SS) 185 whether vehicle operators fasten one's safety belt according to the sensor that is used to detect vehicle or automotive occupant state, under the control of electronic control unit (ECU) 186 (mainly forming) by computing machine, make electromagnetic actuator 202 energising or outage, as Figure 41 to the 7th embodiment shown in Figure 43.Electromagnetic actuator 202 is arranged on the front of back plate 135, and by body side support 131 supporting, and it is provided with bar 202a, when vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, by giving electromagnetic actuator 182 energisings, bar 202a moves forward to its forward position shown in Figure 46; And when vehicle operators did not fasten one's safety belt, by giving electromagnetic actuator 182 outages, bar 202a moved backward to rear positions shown in Figure 47.Bar 202a has the externally threaded rearward end that has on the leading section that is fixed on back plate 135, and bar 202a also has a pair of nut 204.
To second modification shown in Figure 47, when vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 202 energisings, at Figure 45 so that bar 202a moves to the forward position of its Figure 45 and Figure 46.In the forward position of bar 202a, the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 does not enter with groove maintaining part 135a and engages.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and thereby the junction surface 171b of energy baffle 171 is moved forward, but T shape junction surface 171b does not enter with the groove maintaining part 135a of back plate 135 and engages.In this case, the impact energy that absorbed of energy absorbing plate 171 is more medium and small than the 6th embodiment.
On the other hand, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, make electromagnetic actuator 192 outages,, engage so that the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 can enter with the groove maintaining part 135a of back plate 135 its bar 192a is remained on the rear positions of Figure 47.
When vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, during vehicle collision, separation type support 141 moves axially and separates from body side support 131 along vehicle forward direction, and the junction surface 171b of energy baffle 171 is moved forward, and enter with the groove maintaining part 135a of back plate 135 and to engage, as the 6th embodiment.
In the load adjustment device 200 of Figure 45 to Figure 47, the impact energy that is absorbed when junction surface 171b engages with the groove maintaining part 135a of back plate 135 by energy absorbing plate 171 is received by body side support 141 through back plate 135 and holding element 136, and does not pass to electromagnetic actuator 202.
Because the impact energy absorbing load that produces when the junction surface 171b of energy absorbing plate 171 engages with the groove maintaining part 135a of back plate 135 does not impose on electromagnetic actuator 202, thereby can drop to the required size and the manufacturing cost of this electromagnetic actuator 202.
＜the eight embodiment 〉
Shown in the partial view of Figure 48 to Figure 50 according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of eighth embodiment of the invention.The 8th embodiment uses the energy absorbing plate 174 that comprises two parts 174A and 174B, by the electromagnetic actuator 212 that is provided with two parts 174A, 174B are moved away from each other along longitudinal direction of car, so that the U-shaped part 174a of energy absorbing plate 174 and T shape junction surface 174b are connected to each other and disconnect.That is, present embodiment comprises in order to by two parts 174A and 174B being connected to each other and disconnecting the load adjustment device 210 that changes the impact energy absorbing load.Structure according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of this 8th embodiment is identical with the 6th embodiment, and under the situation that is provided with load adjustment device 210, this shock absorbing steering apparatus has the advantage identical with the 7th embodiment.
When vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, make electromagnetic actuator 212 outage, connecting pin 212a is moved down among the through hole 174c, as shown in figure 49, thereby two parts 174A, the 174B of plate 174 linked to each other.On the other hand, when vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 212 energisings, so that connecting pin 212a is moved upwards up to its top punctured position shown in Figure 50, wherein connecting pin 212a does not insert among the through hole 174c.At this punctured position of connecting pin 212a, two parts 174A, the 174B of energy absorbing plate 174 can be separated from one another.
In the 8th embodiment that constructs as mentioned above, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt,, connecting pin 212a is inserted among the through hole 174c by making electromagnetic actuator 212 outages, connecting pin 212a links to each other two parts 174A, the 174B of energy absorbing plate 174.In this state, when junction surface 174b engaged with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131, energy absorbing plate 174 can effectively absorb impact energy.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 212 energisings, so that connecting pin 212a moves to its top punctured position, wherein two parts 174A, the 174B of energy absorbing plate 174 disconnect each other.In this state, the maintaining part 131a's of the T shape junction surface 174b of energy absorbing plate 174 and body side support 131 engages the impact energy that produces when not allowing energy absorbing plate 174 effectively to absorb vehicle collision.
In above-mentioned the 8th embodiment, energy absorbing plate 174 comprises two parts 174A, 174B, the position of the electromagnetic actuator 212 between U-shaped part 174a that is arranged on plate 174 and junction surface 174b, and two parts 174A, 174B can be separated from one another along longitudinal direction of car.Yet the load adjustment device 210 that is arranged among the 8th embodiment can be replaced by the load adjustment device 220 according to modification shown in Figure 51 to Figure 53.In this modification, the T shape junction surface 175b of energy absorbing plate 175 comprises vertical part 175b1 and lateral member 175b2, pitch tube 223 links together vertical part 175b1 and lateral member 175b2 usually, and pitch tube 223 is assemblied in the through hole that is formed among two parts 175b1, the 175b2.Load adjustment device 220 comprises electromagnetic actuator 222, and this electromagnetic actuator is provided with the connecting pin 222a that can engage with pitch tube 223.
For example be configured to detect the output signal of the seat belt sensor (SS) 185 whether vehicle operators fasten one's safety belt according to the sensor that is used to detect vehicle or automotive occupant state, under the control of electronic control unit (ECU) 186 (mainly forming) by computing machine, make electromagnetic actuator 222 energising or outage, as Figure 41 to the 7th embodiment shown in Figure 43.Electromagnetic actuator 222 is by holding element 224 supportings, holding element 224 is connected the back side of vertical part 175b1 of the junction surface 175b of energy absorbing plate 175, so that connecting pin 222a can insert in the pitch tube 223, pitch tube 223 is assemblied in the through hole that passes vertical part 175b1 and lateral member 175b2 formation.
When vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, make electromagnetic actuator 222 outages, so that connecting pin 222a moves forward in the pitch tube 223 that is assemblied in the through hole, shown in Figure 52, thereby vertical part of energy baffle 175 and lateral member 175b1,175b2 are connected with each other.When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 222 energisings, so that shrinking, connecting pin 222a withdraws from the through hole that is formed among the lateral member 175b2, shown in Figure 53.In this state, when junction surface 175b and maintaining part 131a enter when engaging, owing to the cracked of pitch tube 223 or break and make vertical part 175b1 and lateral member 175b2 separated from one another.
In the modification shown in Figure 51 to Figure 53, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, by making electromagnetic actuator 222 outages, connecting pin 222a is inserted in the pitch tube 223, thereby vertical part and lateral member 175b1, the 175b2 of the junction surface 175b of energy baffle 175 are connected with each other.In this state, when the T of energy absorbing plate 175 shape junction surface 175b engaged with the maintaining part 131a of body side support 131, energy absorbing plate 175 can effectively absorb impact energy.
When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 222 energisings, so that connecting pin 222a shrinks the through hole that withdraws from lateral member 175b2, so that when junction surface 175b engages with maintaining part 131a, pitch tube 223 is broken or cracked, thereby make vertical part of junction surface 175b and lateral member 175b1,175b2 are separated from one another or disconnect.In this state, energy absorbing plate 175 can not effectively absorb impact energy.
" the 3rd group of embodiment "
Here will describe the present invention the 9th to the 11 embodiment, these embodiment are similar each other and constitute the 3rd group of these embodiment jointly.
＜the nine embodiment 〉
With reference to Figure 54 to Figure 58, shock absorbing steering apparatus constructed according to the invention is shown.The Steering gear 5 of this steering hardware is similar to first embodiment to the structure of other parts.The above-mentioned explanation referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 6 of representing the position from beginning to (* 1) of first embodiment is applicable to the steering hardware of this 9th embodiment.Yet, in following explanation and Figure 54 to Figure 58 to the 9th embodiment, reference number 231,241,249 and 271 is used to refer to respectively for body side support, separation type support, guide and energy absorbing plate, and they refer to reference number 31,41,49 and 71 respectively in first embodiment.These parts 131,141,149 among the 9th embodiment and 171 component parts will be represented with corresponding reference number and the combination of letter " a ", " b ", " c " etc.
In the 9th embodiment, separation type support 241 comprises the base portion with basic lateral center 241c of portion, and central portion 241c comprises two plate 241c1,241c2 stacked on top of each other, shown in Figure 54 to Figure 58.Upper board 241c1 from the leading section of lower panel 241c2 along the suitable distance of extending axially of cylinder 25.That is, upper board 241c1 comprises protrusion leading section 241c3, and the guide 249 that is formed by resin material is installed on it.Adopt the impact energy absorbing component of energy absorbing plate 271 forms to be installed on the central portion 241c of separation type support 241, guide 249 inserts between them simultaneously.In the present embodiment, the central portion 241c of separation type support 241 matches with guide 249 on the protrusion leading section 241c3 that is connected central portion 241c to constitute installation portion 45, and the impact energy absorbing component that adopts plate 271 forms is installed on this installation portion 45.
The last straight-arm 271a2 of portion is parallel to the upper surface of upper board 241c1 of separation type support 241 to the rear extension of Steering gear 5 from the upper end of curve 271a1.Shown in Figure 58, make the relative side bending that is used for structural strengthening of upper arm parts 271a2.These crooked sides are terminated among the above-mentioned maintaining part 271c that adopts the jaw form in rear end.Form above-mentioned junction surface 271b by the lateral center portion K/UP that makes upper arm parts 271a2.Junction surface 271b has rectangle conjugate foramen 271b1, and conjugate foramen 271b1 can engage with the maintaining part 231a that employing is formed on the salient form on the body side support 231.Thereby the junction surface 271b of energy absorbing plate 271 can engage with the maintaining part 231a of body side support 231.When Steering gear 5 when separation type support 241 is installed on the automobile body, by separation type support 241, available junction surface 271b and maintaining part 231a remain on Steering gear 5 on the body side support 231 temporarily.It should be noted that the maintaining part 271c that adopts the jaw form plays location and holding device, this location and holding device are used for respect to separation type support 241 location and keep upper arm parts 271a2.
On the other hand, the following straight-arm 271a3 of portion, and keeps in touch with the lower surface of the lower panel 241c2 of separation type support 241 to the rear extension of Steering gear 5 from the lower end of curve 271a1, or in its vicinity.When separation type support 241 moved forward with respect to automobile body, the semicolumn part 249f of guide 249 (playing guide part 48) forced lower arm part 271a3 moving contact semicolumn part 249f, and along its curvature plastic deformation.The impact energy of giving birth to when this distortion of lower arm part 271a3 makes above-mentioned secondary collision is absorbed.
Among the 9th embodiment according to above-mentioned structure, when vehicle collision, the occupant is taken place under the situation of secondary collision, separation type support 241 with respect to body side support 2231 when the vehicle body working direction moves, by and make with the slide U-shaped part 271a of the energy absorbing plate 271 that extruding contact of the semicolumn part 249f of guide 249 and be out of shape along being installed in guide 249 in separation type support 241 front portions.When plate 271 when the upper surface of upper board 214c1 and lower panel 241c2 and lower surface move, this distortion of energy absorbing plate 271 can take place, so that the impact energy that the distortion by energy absorbing plate 271 produces when absorbing secondary collision highly stablely.
Taking place under the situation of secondary collision, cylinder 25 from the distance of the initial position axial shrinkage shown in Figure 54 and Figure 55 greater than predetermined shaft to distance L 1.More particularly, when last axle 11 and outside column jecket 21 respectively with respect to lower shaft 12 and inner column jecket 22 along forward axially movable distances of direction greater than predetermined shaft during to distance L 1, the fin 61b of energy-absorbing element 61 stands shear deformation or plastic deformation.
In the steering hardware according to this 9th embodiment, the junction surface 271b of energy absorbing plate 271 can engage with the maintaining part 231a of body side support 231.This joint can be used for Steering gear 5 Steering gear 5 is remained on automobile body temporarily more particularly the time in the process that Steering gear 5 is fixed on (by bolt 44 being screwed into nut 32 separately, shown in Figure 56) on the body portion at its separation type support 241 places in respect to the process of automobile body assembling.Engage with maintaining part 231a by junction surface 271b, Steering gear 5 is remained on temporarily help on the automobile body Steering gear 5 being installed on the automobile body by separation type support 241.Interim keep Steering gear 5 during, junction surface 271b stands shearing load or shearing stress so that junction surface 271b have desirable strength and the required thickness of rigidity can reduce, thereby can reduce the weight of energy absorbing plate 271.This steering hardware have comprise above in conjunction with the advantage [1] to [6] of first embodiment explanation and the various advantages of [10] to [13].
Although the 9th embodiment adopts the energy absorbing plate 271 shown in Figure 58, palette 271 also can be replaced by the energy absorbing plate shown in Figure 59 272 according to first modified construction of the 9th embodiment.Energy absorbing plate 272 comprises the U-shaped part 272a with upper arm parts 272a2 and lower arm part 272a3.Upper arm parts 272a2 is the maintaining part 272c that is provided with the junction surface 272b that can engage with body side support 231 and is used for engaging with separation type support 241 of portion in its back-end.The U-shaped part K/UP of the rearward end of junction surface 272b by making upper arm parts 272a2 forms, and the rearward end of the lateral center portion of the rearward end of maintaining part 272c by making upper arm parts 2272a2 is bent downwardly formation.The junction surface 271b of the energy absorbing plate 271 shown in the junction surface 272b of the energy absorbing plate 272 of the change shown in Figure 59 and texture ratio Figure 58 of maintaining part 272c and maintaining part 271c's is simple in structure.
The maintaining part 231a of the body side support 231 among the 9th embodiment is configured to match to remain on Steering gear 5 on the automobile body temporarily with junction surface 271b, maintaining part 231a can be replaced by the junction surface of adopting the double pointed nail form, for example, this double pointed nail does not form as one with body side support 231 and by the electromagnetic actuator supporting that is installed on the body side support 231, as the tenth embodiment below the present invention.In this modification, can double pointed nail be moved in opposite direction by electromagnetic actuator, to engage with the junction surface that is used for keeping Steering gear 5 temporarily and to separate.
In above-mentioned modification, the double pointed nail that shrinks by electromagnetic actuator can play above-mentioned load adjustment device and engage regulating mechanism.Promptly, this double pointed nail is remained in its punctured position to be used for the junction surface 271b separation from energy absorbing plate 271, during vehicle collision, separation type support 241 moves forward with respect to automobile body can not cause the U-shaped part 271a generation plastic deformation of sliding and pushing the energy absorbing plate 271 that contacts with guide 249, so that plate 271 can not absorb impact energy.
＜the ten embodiment 〉
Shown in the partial view of Figure 60 to Figure 62 according to the shock absorbing steering apparatus of tenth embodiment of the invention.Although used energy absorbing plate 271 is single long metal sheets among the 9th embodiment, used energy absorbing plate 273 comprises two plate 273A, 273B stacked on top of each other among the tenth embodiment, and two plate 273A, 273B all play the effect of impact energy absorbing component.On the other hand, body side support 231 is provided with the electromagnetic actuator 281 that is fixed on the there.Electromagnetic actuator 281 comprises magnet coil, and electromagnetic actuator 281 supported the double pointed nail 282 of maintaining part effect, so that double pointed nail 282 can move between its punctured position and its progressive position.Two plate 273A, the 273B of energy absorbing plate 273 can engage with the double pointed nail 282 that is in its progressive position, and not be in its punctured position in double pointed nail 282 engage.It should be noted that energy absorbing plate 273 can be by comprising three or the energy absorbing plate replacement of polylith plate stacked on top of each other.
Another plate 273B comprises the U-shaped part 273Ba with upper arm parts, and this upper arm parts has the junction surface 273Bb that can engage with double pointed nail 282 and body side support 231.On the outside face of the surface-mounted within it U-shaped part 273Aa at plate 273A of U-shaped part 273Ba.U-shaped part 273Ba also is included in the lower arm part 273Ba3 that extend installation portion 45 belows.Lower arm part 273Ba3 passes through and along guide part 48 plastic deformation takes place, the impact energy that produces during with the absorption secondary collision.Junction surface 273Bb has the rectangle conjugate foramen 273Bb1 and a pair of salient 273Bb2 that can engage with the double pointed nail 282 that is in progressive position, and this is spaced apart from each other and can engages with the groove maintaining part 231b of body side support 231 along the Width of plate 273B salient.Conjugate foramen 273Bb1 can be used to Steering gear 5 is remained on the automobile body temporarily with engaging of double pointed nail 282, so that make junction surface 273Bb stand shearing stress or load.
Except energy absorbing plate 273 with have the electromagnetic actuator 281 of double pointed nail 282, the tenth embodiment shown in Figure 60 to Figure 61 and the 9th embodiment are basic identical.During vehicle collision, junction surface 273Ab, the 273Bb of two plate 273A, 273B engages with the double pointed nail 282 that is in progressive position, when separation type support 241 with respect to body side support 231 when vehicle forward direction moves, U-shaped part 273Aa, the 273Ba of two plate 273A, 273B by and deform along the guide part 48 of separation type support 241.The impact energy that produces when stably absorbing vehicle collision with respect to the Deformation Height of U-shaped part 273Aa, the 273Ba of separation type support 241 when the upper surface of separation type support 241 and lower surface move by these U-shapeds part.
When vehicle collision, separating cribbing 241 and moving forward with respect to automobile body that double pointed nail 282 is in punctured position simultaneously, wherein at this punctured position, two plate 273A, the junction surface 273Ab of 273B, 273Bb separates from double pointed nail 282, plate 273A can't help body side support 231 and keeps, and separation type support 241 moves forward the U-shaped part 273Aa distortion that can not make plate 273A, the two salient 273Bb2 of the junction surface 273Bb of another plate 273B enter with the groove maintaining part 231b of body side support 231 and engage simultaneously, so that make the U-shaped part 273Ba distortion of this plate 273B by moving forward of separation type support 241.Whether thereby the tenth embodiment is configured to optionally allow and stops the U-shaped part 273Aa of plate 273A to deform, thereby fasten one's safety belt and change the amount of the impact energy that can be absorbed by energy absorbing plate 273 in two steps according to vehicle operators.Junction surface 273Ab, the 273Bb, electromagnetic actuator 281 and the double pointed nail 282 that should be understood that two plate 273A, 273B constitute joint regulating mechanism or load adjustment device 285.
For example be configured to detect the output signal of the seat belt sensor (SS) 286 whether vehicle operators fasten one's safety belt according to the sensor that is used to detect vehicle or automotive occupant state, under the control of electronic control unit (ECU) 287 (mainly forming) by computing machine, make electromagnetic actuator 281 energisings or outage, shown in Figure 60, as Figure 41 to the 7th embodiment shown in Figure 43.When vehicle operators fastens one's safety belt, give electromagnetic actuator 281 energisings, so that double pointed nail 282 moves to its punctured position, thereby only allow plate 273B to absorb impact energy.On the other hand, when vehicle operators does not fasten one's safety belt, make electromagnetic actuator 282 outages, so that being remained on, double pointed nail 282 is used for itself and the junction surface 273Ab of two plate 273A, 273B, the progressive position that 273Bb engages, thereby allow two plate 273A, 273B to absorb impact energy, so that the distortion of energy absorbing plate 273 can absorb more impact energy.
Except load adjustment device 285, basic identical according to steering hardware and the 9th embodiment of the tenth embodiment, and have essentially identical advantage in the 9th embodiment.
In the tenth embodiment, the junction surface 273Bb of plate 273B is provided with a pair of salient 273Bb2, and body side support 231 is provided with groove maintaining part 231a, so that even when double pointed nail 282 being remained on its punctured position by electromagnetic actuator 281, the salient 273Bb2 of plate 273B can engage with maintaining part 231a.In other words, the amount of the impact energy that is absorbed by the energy absorbing plate 273 that comprises two plate 273A, 273B can change in two steps by load adjustment device 285.Yet the load adjustment device 285 of the type can replace by not comprising salient 273Bb2 and groove maintaining part 231b and disposing the load adjustment device that makes double pointed nail 282 have the ECU286 of two punctured positions and a progressive position in order to control electromagnetic actuator 287.In the position in two punctured positions, the junction surface 273Ab of double pointed nail 282 slave plate 273A goes up and separates, but keeps engaging with the junction surface 273Bb of another plate 273B.In another punctured position, double pointed nail 282 separates from junction surface 273Ab, the 273Bb of two plate 273A, 273B.In this modification, the amount of the impact energy that energy absorbing plate 273 absorbs can change in cooresponding three steps at two punctured positions and the progressive position with double pointed nail 282.
＜the ten one embodiment 〉
In the 9th embodiment, Steering gear 5 is assemblied on the automobile body during, can keep Steering gear 5 by automobile body temporarily.That is to say that the junction surface 271b that is installed in the energy absorbing plate 271 on the separation type support 241 enters with the maintaining part 231a of body side support 231 and engages, so that Steering gear 5 is remained on the automobile body temporarily.For this reason, energy absorbing plate 271 is provided with and is used for the maintaining part 271c that engages with separation type support 241.In the 11 embodiment shown in Figure 63 and Figure 64, the structure of employed energy absorbing plate 274 is different from energy absorbing plate 271.Except energy absorbing plate 274, this 11 embodiment is structurally basic identical with the 9th embodiment, and the advantage of this 11 embodiment and the 9th embodiment is basic identical.
Used energy absorbing plate 274 comprises U-shaped part 274a among the 11 embodiment, and U-shaped part 274a has curve 274a1, upper arm parts 274a2 and lower arm part 274a3.Upper arm parts 274a2 portion in its back-end is provided with the junction surface 274b that can engage with body side support 231.Upper arm parts 274a2 is in 274b fwd pars intermedia place, junction surface at it and also is provided with a pair of alar part 274d1,274d2, and both wing portions 274d1,274d2 extends from upper arm parts 274a2 in the opposite direction along being parallel to upper arm parts 274a2 Width.Both wing portions 274d1,274d2 have column part 274e respectively, column part 274e is pressed into and is engaged in the resin package 42, resin package 42 is assemblied in respectively among groove 241a1, the 241b1 that is formed in the separation type support 241, so that groove 241a1,241b1 are spaced apart from each other along the Width (lateral direction of car) of upper arm parts 274a2, shown in Figure 63.When the vehicle operators secondary collision, resin package 42 breaks or is cracked, and column part 274e is from groove 241a1,241b1 separation, so that separation type support 241 can move with respect to body side support 231.Resin package 42 is assemblied in respectively among respective grooves 241a1, the 241b1 among each arm 241a, the 241b that is formed at separation type support 241, so that the lower surface of the flange of resin package 42 and arm 241a, 241b is kept in touch.Both wing portions 274d1,274d2 can be formed in the curve 274a1 of U-shaped part 274a and the single part between the 274b of junction surface.
In the 11 embodiment, when Steering gear 5 was assembled with respect to automobile body, the junction surface 274b by energy absorbing plate 274 engaged with maintaining part 231a, Steering gear 5 can be remained on the automobile body temporarily.Under this interim hold mode of Steering gear 5, the junction surface 274b of alar part 274d1,274d2 and energy absorbing plate 274 bears the weight of Steering gear 5, and will not bear the load that is caused by Steering gear 5 weight substantially by the curve 274a1 and the lower arm part 274a3 of guide part 48 distortion.Thereby, because as mentioned above to the interim maintenance of Steering gear, the U-shaped part 274a of energy absorbing plate 274 is indeformable during Steering gear 5 is assemblied in automobile body, so that energy absorbing plate 274 can absorb impact energy by way of expectations.Should be understood that alar part 274d1,274d2 also are used from the effect with respect to separation type support 241 positioning means for positioning with upper arm parts 274a2.
＜the ten two embodiment 〉
In the 9th embodiment, the curve 271a1 of the U-shaped part 271a of energy absorbing plate 271 and the semicolumn part 249f that is positioned at the guide 249 of U-shaped part 271a keep in touch.Comprise among basis the 12 embodiment of energy absorbing plate 275 of U-shaped part 275a that in use space S of a size suitable between the front end of the front end of U-shaped part 275a and the installation portion in separation type support 241 45 is shown in Figure 65.In other words, has space S between the front end of the semicolumn part 275a1 of U-shaped part 275a and guide part 48.
In this 12 embodiment, in the starting stage of secondary collision, space S allows separation type support 241 and guide 249 to move freely forward, promptly allows installation portion 45 to move freely forward.Thereby, with respect to the time of separation type support 241 from automobile body (body side support 231) separation, the time delay that the U-shaped part 275a of energy absorbing plate 275 begins to be out of shape by separation type support 241.Therefore, in this 12 embodiment, the impact energy absorbing load of secondary collision in the starting stage is less than the impact energy absorbing load from the essentially identical device of time that time that body side support 231 separates and energy absorbing plate begin to be out of shape of separation type support 241 wherein.By regulating the size of space S, can be as required the time that produces the impact energy absorbing load based on the distortion of the U-shaped part 275a of energy absorbing plate 275 be regulated.The steering hardware of this 12 embodiment is structurally basic identical with the 9th embodiment, and their advantage is basic identical.Should be understood that and in other embodiment of the present invention, also can be provided with similar space S.
" the 4th group of embodiment "
Here will describe the present invention the 13 and the 14 embodiment, these embodiment are similar each other and constitute the 4th group of embodiment jointly.
＜the ten three embodiment 〉
With reference to the block diagram explanation of lateral plan, Figure 69 A and the 69B of the planar view of the lateral plan of Figure 66, Figure 67, Figure 68 shock absorbing steering apparatus according to thriteenth embodiment of the invention, wherein Figure 66 illustrates this device, Figure 67 illustrates the Steering gear 301 that is arranged in this device, Figure 68 illustrates the cutaway view of Steering gear 301, and Figure 69 A and 69B illustrate the rear portion pipe 318 of the Steering gear 301 that is connected on the automobile body respectively and be arranged on shock absorbing device 371 in this device.In the Steering gear shown in Figure 66 to Figure 68 301, as shown in these figures, bearing circle is connected the right-hand member of Steering gear 301, and deflector is operatively coupled on the left end of Steering gear 301.Be installed in Steering gear 301 on the automobile body and make it have bevelled state or attitude, make the right-hand member (referring to Figure 66 to Figure 68) of Steering gear 301 be arranged in the back upper place of this figure left end.As Figure 66 to Figure 68, in order to simplify the description of following examples, unless other special instructions are arranged, the respective end of the right-hand member of Steering gear 301 and left end and each parts thereof will be called rear end and front end, and from left end to the back-end direction and will be called backward direction (backward) and direction forward (working direction backward) from the direction of rear end forward end.
In this steering hardware, Steering gear 301 comprises the cylinder 305 as its main portion, and cylinder 305 comprises the tube of axial region and this axial region of supporting, and this axial region extends through this tube.This axial region comprises rear axle 310 that is connected with bearing circle on it and the front axle 312 that links to each other with the deflector that is used for the vehicle front-wheel steering.Rear axle 310 is a tube-like piece, and front axle 312 is a bar.Front axle 312 has the rearward end of the leading section that inserts rear axle 310.The leading section of rear axle 310 has peripheral surface 314 in the spline, and the rearward end of front axle 312 has the outer circumferentially surface 316 of spline, the outer circumferentially surface 316 of spline keeps engagement with the interior peripheral surface 314 of spline, so that rear axle 310 can move axially relative to each other with front axle 312, and can be used as integral body and rotate together.On the other hand, this tube comprises rear portion pipe 318 that is positioned at bearing circle one side and the front portion pipe 320 that is positioned at deflector one side.Anterior pipe 320 has the rearward end of inserting in the cylinder-shaped sleeve 322, and cylinder-shaped sleeve is assemblied in the leading section of rear portion pipe 318, and is very close to each other substantially between the interior peripheral surface of the outer circumferential surface of the rearward end of anterior pipe 320 and cylinder-shaped sleeve 322 simultaneously.These outer circumferentially surfaces of anterior pipe 320 and the cylinder-shaped sleeve 322 that matches with it and interior peripheral surface be through reducing the processing of its friction drag, thereby guarantee rear portion pipe 318 and the 320 axially relative motions glossily of anterior pipe.Rear portion pipe 318 portion in its back-end is provided with radial bearing 324, and anterior pipe 320 is provided with radial bearing 326 at its leading section.Rear axle 310 is rotatably mounted by radial bearing 324 at its axial pars intermedia, and front axle 312 is rotatably mounted by radial bearing 326 at its axial pars intermedia.But so cylinder 305 axial shrinkage and elongation of structure.That is, the axial length of cylinder 305 is variable.
By corresponding back supporting device A and preceding supporting device B, cylinder 305 is connected on the part of automobile body at its rear portion pipe 318 and anterior pipe 320 places.Before supporting device B comprise support 330, support 330 is fixed on the leading section of anterior pipe 320 and has and wherein inserts an axis hole 332 that is fixed on the bolster (not shown) on the automobile body.Thereby anterior pipe 320 is that cylinder 305 is installed on the automobile body, so that cylinder 305 can pivot around the bolster of preceding supporting device B.Preceding supporting device A comprises that post keeps structure, and post maintenance structure adopts separation type support 334 forms on the reinforcing member that is fixed on Vehicular instrument panel of more specifically saying so on the part that is fixed on automobile body.Rear portion pipe 318 is provided with supported part fixed thereon 336, and the supporting member 338 that separation type support 334 comprises the U-lag structure that support supported part 336 is supported plate 340 with being fixed on the automobile body (reinforcing member of instrument carrier panel).That is to say that Steering gear 301 comprises cylinder 305, have the preceding supporting device B of support 330 and have the back supporting device A of separation type support 334.
With reference to Figure 69 A and 69B back supporting device A is done more detailed description.Above-mentioned reinforcing member is provided with body side support 342 fixed thereon, and the plate 340 that is supported of separation type support 334 has a pair of groove 344 that forms along each end that this reinforcing member bearing of trend (lateral direction of car) is spaced apart from each other that passes.Each groove 344 all has the basic circular pin-and-hole 346 that is at leading section.The diameter of pin-and-hole 346 is a bit larger tham the width of the other parts of groove 344.Set pin 348 inserts each pin-and-hole 346, inserts between the head and body side support 342 of pin 348 so that be supported plate 440, and thereby is fixed on the body side support 342.More particularly, intermediate plate 350 inserts and is supported between plate 340 and the body side support 342.Intermediate plate 350 has the patchhole 352 of the bar that wherein is inserted with set pin 348, and it comprises the annular protrusion 354 that extends from its lower surface.Patchhole 352 passes these annular protrusions 354 and forms, and annular protrusion 354 is assemblied in the pin-and-hole 346.Although the diameter of set pin 348 is less than the width of groove 344, but under situation with the annular protrusion 354 that is assemblied in the pin-and-hole 346, can prevent that set pin 348 from moving through the other parts of groove 344 from pin-and-hole 346, move axially with respect to body side support 342 so that can prevent rear portion pipe 318.
Back supporting device A also comprises inclination structure 364 and telescoping mechanism 366, and cylinder 305 is supported by separation type support 334 by leaning device 364 and constriction device 366.Supporting member 338 and supported part 336 have slotted hole 356 and 358 respectively.These slotted holes 356,358 are formed the bearing of trend of slotted hole 356 and the bearing of trend of slotted hole 358 intersects.Cylinder 305 can pivot around the bolster of preceding supporting device B, its pivoting angle is corresponding with the length of the slotted hole 356 that passes supporting member 338 formation, but and cylinder 305 axial shrinkage and elongation, the distance of its contraction and elongation is corresponding with the length of the slotted hole 358 that passes supported part 336 formation.With reference to Figure 66, the used securing rod 362 of leaning device 364 and telescoping mechanism 366 is shown.Securing rod 362 has with the latched position shown in the solid line with the disengaged position shown in the long and two-short dash line.When securing rod 362 is manually operated latched position, supported part 336 can be locked onto on the supporting member 338 securely.Thereby, in this latched position, but restricted passage leaning device and the inclination of 364,366 pairs of cylinders 305 of telescoping mechanism and the adjusting of axial length.By securing rod 362 is operated this disengaged position, just can regulate the inclination and the axial length of cylinder 305.
When vehicle and arbitrary objects collision, under vehicle operators and the situation that is fixed on the bearing circle (not shown) generation secondary collision on the rear axle 310 of Steering gear 301, rear portion pipe 318 separates from automobile body, promptly, break or the cracked separation type support 334 that makes moves axially with respect to body side support 342 by the annular protrusion 354 that makes intermediate plate 350, annular protrusion 354 is made by resin or other is frangible and friction coefficient is lower material.More particularly, annular protrusion 354 is cracked when surpassing reservation threshold along the impact of Steering gear 301 axial action on bearing circle, make separation type support 334 move along vehicle forward direction, rear portion pipe 318, rear axle 310 and separation type support 334 be supported plate 340 simultaneously and promptly move, so that can move together with respect to automobile body (body side support 342) with respect to automobile body with respect to the bearing of trend of set pin 348 along groove 344.In this Steering gear 301, those rear portion pipes 318, rear axle 310 and separation type support 334 constitute the movable part of cylinder 305, and when the impact on acting on cylinder 305 surpassed reservation threshold, this movable part can move axially with respect to automobile body.Upper surface by front axle 312 be formed on rear axle 310 on the peripheral surface shoulder against the axially movable ultimate range that contacts this movable part that can limit cylinder 305.Yet, the impact energy that this ultimate range produces when being enough to effectively absorb secondary collision, and the axial length of being regulated by telescoping mechanism 366 of tube column 305 not that is to say, no matter wherein utilize securing rod 362 rear portion pipe 318 to be remained on the axial location of latched position with rear axle 310 lockings.(
＊3)
This steering hardware comprises resistance generating apparatus 370, and this resistance generating apparatus is configured more precisely, to produce the axially movable resistance of movable part of cylinder 305 in order to produce Steering gear 301 axially movable resistances.This resistance can be described as the impact energy absorbing load.Resistance generating apparatus 370 is configured in order to producing the axially movable resistance of movable part of Steering gear 301, and this resistance is mainly based on the resistance to deformation of a deformable piece.This axial device comprises shock absorbing device 371, and this shock absorbing device comprises resistance generating apparatus 370; With the axially movable mechanism of the movable part that makes cylinder 305.Figure 70 illustrates the partial enlarged drawing of the generating apparatus of resistance shown in Figure 66 370, and Figure 71 illustrates the partial enlarged drawing of the generating apparatus of resistance shown in Figure 68 370, and Figure 72 illustrates the block diagram of the part of Figure 70 shown device 370.
EA plate 372 be by metallic material form rectangular, and comprise U-shaped part 372a.U-shaped part 372a comprises curve 372a1, upper arm parts 372a2 and lower arm part 372a3, and upper arm parts 372a2 and lower arm part 372a3 extend in parallel from the two ends of curve 372a1 respectively along vehicle forward direction.Shown in Figure 71, upper arm parts 372a2 is bearing on the upper surface that is supported plate 340 as separation type support 334 bottoms, and lower arm part 372a3 is positioned at as the upper board below of the supporting member 338 of separation type support 334 another bottoms and is parallel to this upper board and extends.Compression roller 374 is arranged in the U-shaped part 372a, makes the outer circumferential surface of compression roller 374 and the half-cylindrical inside face of curve 372a1 keep in touch.EA plate 372 is installed on the installation portion 375 of separation type support 334, by EA plate 372 is moved with respect to installation portion 375 edge directions backward, make installation portion 375 edges be clipped between upper arm parts and lower arm part 372a2 and the 372a3 perpendicular to the direction on the plane of this arm.As described below, when vehicle collision, under the situation that vehicle operators and bearing circle bump, because the movable part of cylinder 25 moves forward with respect to automobile body, compression roller 374 is along with separation type support 334 moves forward together, and the EA plate 372 that contacts with compression roller 374 extruding deforms.Thereby the compression roller 374 that contacts with the inside face maintenance extruding of curve 372a1 works to be arranged on the guide part 385 in the installation portion 375, is used to make 372 distortion of EA plate.
EA plate 372 also comprises junction surface 372b, and junction surface 372b is basically perpendicular to the plane of this upper arm parts and extends from upper arm parts 372a2 rear end along the direction away from lower arm part 372a3.In other words, form junction surface 372b by the rearward end that makes upper arm parts 372a2 along direction bending away from lower arm part 372a3.Shown in Figure 69 A and 69B, the junction surface is T shape substantially, and can engage with body side support 342 when separation type support 334 moves forward with respect to body side support 342.More particularly, body side support 342 comprises the maintaining part 342a with concave part 342a1.When separation type support 334 moved forward with respect to body side support 342, the T shape junction surface 372b of EA plate 372 entered with the maintaining part 342a of body side support 342 and engages.When junction surface 372b and maintaining part 342a enter when engaging, junction surface 372b is subjected to shearing stress or load.Before separation type support 334 moves forward with respect to body side support 342, junction surface 372b and maintaining part 342a are (more precisely, be formed on the front end of the otch among the concave part 342a1) between have free-running operation distance L 2, shown in Figure 69 B, so that under the situation that secondary collision takes place, junction surface 372b (movable part of cylinder 305) can move this free-running operation distance L 2 with respect to maintaining part 342a.
The EA plate is with respect to installation portion 375 location of separation type support 334.More particularly, separation type support 334 has rectangular opening 386, and comprises pair of U-shaped location and maintainance block 388, and this is separately fixed on two opposite faces of the two relative rectangular edges that limit rectangular opening 386, shown in Figure 69 A and 69B with maintainance block 388 the U-shaped location.Two U-shapeds location and maintainance block 388 and are formed upper arm parts and lower arm part 372a2, the 372a3 that is used for locating EA plate 372 along the Width of EA plate 372 toward each other.Upper arm parts 372a2 is arranged between the lower surface of upper arm of the upper surface that is supported plate 340 and U-shaped location and maintainance block 388, so that upper arm parts 372a2 is along its width and thickness direction location.Equally, lower arm part 372a3 is arranged between the upper surface of underarm of the lower surface that is supported plate 340 and U-shaped location and maintainance block 388, so that lower arm part 372a3 is along its width and thickness direction location.These U-shaped location and maintainance block 388 are used from respect to separation type support 334 location and keep the location of upper arm parts 372a2 and the effect of holding device, and are used from the effect with respect to the registration device of the separation type support 334 location bottom 372a3 of branch.U-shaped location and maintainance block 388 also are used from the effect of the limited part that distance increases between restriction upper arm parts 372a2 and the lower arm part 372a3, thereby the EA plate 372 that helps contacting with compression roller 374 extruding deforms.The U-shaped junction surface 372b of EA plate 372 can engage with the maintaining part 342a of body side support 342, and has the vertical component effect that can engage with the otch that passes concave part 342a formation.The width W 1 of this vertical component effect is less than the distance W 2 between two location and the maintainance block 388, shown in Figure 69 A, when being installed in EA plate 372 on the installation portion 375 with box lunch by EA plate 372 is moved backward with respect to installation portion 375, this vertical component effect can move between two location and maintainance block 388.
When the movable part of cylinder 305 when automobile body separates and axially move forward, shown in the hollow arrow among Figure 71, promptly when separation type support 334 moves forward with respect to body side support 342, the junction surface 372b of EA plate 372 enters with the maintaining part 342a of body side support 342 and engages, and the compression roller 374 by extruding contact between them promotes EA plate 372 forward afterwards.Therefore, curve 372a1 changes the position longitudinally gradually along EA plate 372, and moves backward and lower arm part 372a3 when moving forward at upper arm parts 372a2, and EA plate 372 deforms.Thereby when EA plate 372 moved with respect to the separation type support 334 that contacts with compression roller 374 extruding, EA plate 372 deformed.
When secondary collision, be applied on the Steering gear 301 impact hour, the movable part of cylinder 305 moves axially with lower speed.In this case, separate pins 390 is not fractureing when contacting by part 394 with pin, and stop the motion that is further rotated of compression roller 374, so that be out of shape with the outer circumferential surface of compression roller 374 EA plate 372 that the extruding contact circumferentially surperficial curvature along this outside of sliding.In this, it should be noted that the roller portion 376 of compression roller 374 is formed by animi resin, so that the friction drag between roller portion 376 and the EA plate 374 is less.Thereby, the crooked stretching required power of leading section with the upper arm parts 372a2 that makes instant formation along the curvature of compression roller 374 of leading section of the lower arm part 372a3 of instant formation is equated substantially with stoping EA plate 372 resistance to deformation.Resistance generating apparatus 370 produces resistance according to the power that stops 372 distortion of EA plate, this resistance be cylinder 305 movable part move axially the reversal of stress that is produced, this reversal of stress is exactly the impact energy absorbing load.Resistance based on the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 remains unchanged in theory, and is irrelevant with the speed that moves axially of the movable part of cylinder 305 or separation type support 334, unless the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 changes.
When the impact on acting on Steering gear 301 was big, the moving part of cylinder 305 and separation type support 334 were with corresponding high-speed motion.In this case, make EA plate 372 produce distortion with higher speed in the short period of time.Thereby the torque moment that is applied on the compression roller 374 owing to the friction force between roller portion 376 and the EA plate 372 increases.As a result, separate pins 390 is fractureed, thereby compression roller 374 is further rotated.Shown in Figure 72, compression roller 374 has two short cylindrical shape salients of being made by metal round rod 398.Cylindrical protrusion portion 398 local embeddings in the roller portions 376, and local from compression roller 376 outside circumferential surface protrusion.Two cylindrical protrusion portions, 398 axially being spaced apart from each other along roller portion 376.On the other hand, EA plate 372 has two parallel slots, 400, two parallel slots 400 and is formed on the main surface of EA plate 372, so that two cylindrical protrusion portions 398 are alignd with two parallel slots 400 respectively along axial (Width of EA plate 372) of roller portion 376.The width of each groove 400 all is slightly less than the diameter of cylindrical protrusion portion 398.When compression roller 374 rotation, cylindrical protrusion portion 398 enters with corresponding groove 400 and engages, and makes the sidewall distortion of each groove 400 simultaneously, with the width of increase groove 400.At this moment, the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 equals stretching and crooked upper arm parts and the required power of lower arm part 372a2,372a3, makes the above-mentioned sidewall of groove 400 be out of shape required power and the friction force sum between cylindrical protrusion portion 398 and the groove 400.Power before resistance when cylindrical protrusion portion 398 engages with groove 400 engages greater than their (, along with separate pins 390 fractures, before compression roller 374 rotations).Thereby the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 increases along with the change of the engagement state between the force-applying piece of deformable piece that adopts EA plate 372 forms and employing compression roller 374 forms, so that the resistance that is produced by resistance generating apparatus 370 correspondingly increases.After increasing, the resistance of this increase is held with engaging of groove 400 along with cylindrical protrusion portion 398 at resistance.
Chart with reference to Figure 73, this figure simply illustrates the movement speed v of cylinder 305 movable parts, and (more accurate theory, the maximum speed after impact is applied on the Steering gear 301 in short time are v) and the relation between resistance (impact energy absorbing load) σ that produces of resistance generating apparatus 370.Can find out from this chart: when speed v is higher than threshold value v
oThe time produce bigger resistance σ
H, be higher than this threshold value v
oThe time compression roller 374 can rotate along with fractureing of separate pins 390; Be lower than threshold value v and work as speed v
oThe time resistance that produces less.Thereby this resistance generating apparatus 370 can comprise that resistance changes mechanism, and this resistance change mechanism is used for the resistance to deformation that moves axially rapid change EA plate 372 according to Steering gear 301.The amount of the impact energy that absorbs is the product that Steering gear 301 moves axially the resistance that distance and resistance generating apparatus 370 produce.At this on the one hand, comprise that the shock absorbing device 371 of resistance generating apparatus 370 can comprise that the impact energy uptake changes mechanism, what it can be according to the movable part of cylinder 305 moves axially rapid change impact energy uptake.It shall yet further be noted that the deformable piece that adopts EA plate 372 forms is configured to U-shaped part 372a and can moves with respect to the force-applying piece that adopts compression roller 374 forms.In other words, the compression roller 374 and the EA plate 372 that play guide 385 effect are in slidable contact with each other, and can be relative to each other move with the speed of the moving velocity of the movable part that depends on cylinder 305.At this on the one hand, the resistance of resistance generating apparatus 370 change mechanism can change the engagement state between them according to the relative moving speed between deformable piece and the force-applying piece.According to the torque that is applied on the compression roller 374, that is, change above-mentioned engagement state according to the power that changes with this relative moving speed.Thereby above-mentioned impact energy uptake changes mechanism is configured to change according to effect power thereon impact energy under the situation of not using other any electronics package uptake.
It can also be appreciated that from the above-mentioned explanation of the 13 embodiment the cylindrical protrusion portion 398 that is arranged on the compression roller 374 and can engages with the groove 400 on being formed on EA plate 372 starves the effects of resistance to deformation increase part in order to the resistance to deformation that increases EA plate 372; And the mechanism that when the moving velocity of separation type support 334 is big, is used to make compression roller 374 rotations, comprise that promptly separate pins 390 and pin play engaging gear by part 394 and the mechanism that is used for the bearing part 380,382 of rotatably mounted compression roller 374, this engaging gear makes when having speed of relative movement between the deformable piece of the targeting part 385 that adopts compression roller 374 forms and employing EA plate 372 forms cylindrical protrusion portion 398 engage with EA plate 372.This resistance to deformation increases part and this coupling device constitutes the main portion that energy absorbing load changes mechanism, and this energy absorbing load changes mechanism and changes the impact energy absorbing load in order to the moving velocity according to separation type support 334.This energy absorbing load changes mechanism and be configured to increase the impact energy absorbing load when the moving velocity of separation type support 334 surpasses reservation threshold.
This steering hardware according to 13 embodiment not only has top advantage [1] to [6], [8], [9], [13] and [17] in conjunction with first embodiment explanation, and change mechanism and have attendant advantages owing to being provided with energy absorbing load among this embodiment, under the situation according to vehicle operators and bearing circle generation secondary collision, act on the actual impact on the Steering gear 301, this energy absorbing load changes the amount of mechanism's adjustable energy saving absorbed striking energy.
＜the ten four embodiment 〉
Steering hardware according to the 14 embodiment adopts resistance generating apparatus 410, and this resistance generating apparatus 410 is different from the resistance generating apparatus 370 that shock absorbing steering apparatus adopted according to the 13 embodiment.Except this resistance generating apparatus 410 below with reference to Figure 74 A and 74B explanation, the 14 embodiment is identical with the 13 embodiment, wherein Figure 74 A is and the cooresponding cutaway view of Figure 71, and Figure 74 B is arranged on the back view of the centrifugal clutch in the resistance generating apparatus shown in Figure 74 A.
Resistance generating apparatus 410 comprises pair of bearings part (shown in Figure 74 one of them) 412 and extrusion, wherein bearing part 412 is arranged on the leading section of the post bearing set that adopts separation type support 334 forms, and this extrusion adopts the form by the rotatably mounted compression roller 414 of bearing part 412.Compression roller 414 usefulness act on to EA plate 372 application of forces so that the force-applying piece of this EA plate 372 distortion.Similar with the compression roller 374 that uses among the 13 embodiment, compression roller 414 plays the guide part 385 of installation portion 375, and comprises the roller portion 416 and axial region 418 that forms as one each other.Compression roller 414 is rotatably mounted by pair of bearings part 412 on its axial region 418.In this embodiment, roller portion 416 is made by metallic material, and the friction coefficient between the surface of it and EA plate 372 (not having groove 400) is bigger.The both ends of axial region 418 along opposite axially from outside that bearing part 412 separately stretches out bearing part 412.On an end, the centrifugal clutch 420 that comprises ratchet dish 424 and be arranged on ratchet dish 424 in-to-in rotating discs 426 vertically is installed, ratchet dish 424 has external ratchet teeth 422.Ratchet dish 424 has centre hole, and the corresponding end one slider tube (not shown) of axial region 418 inserts this centre hole, so that ratchet dish 424 can be with respect to axial region 418 rotations.On the other hand, what rotating disc 426 was fixed on axial region 418 is positioned at ratchet dish 424 exterior axial positions, so that rotating disc 426 is with compression roller 414 rotations.One anodontia rotating disc (not shown) is installed, so that this rotating disc rotates with respect to axial region 418 as ratchet dish 424 in the other end away from centrifugal clutch 420 of axial region 418.Ratchet dish 424 is identical with this rotating disc diameter, and their radially protrusion ear links together with connecting rod 428.Separation type support 334 has the otch that forms in its front end, so that bearing part 412 can be fixedly fitted in this otch, shown in Figure 74 A.
A pair of pivot rods 430 (shown in Figure 74 A one of them) is arranged between the two bearings part 412, so that each pivot rods 430 can be in abutting connection with the inside face setting of corresponding bearing part 412.Pivot rods 430 can pivot around pivot 432, and pivot 432 is supported by corresponding bearing part 412 at its two ends.In addition, pivot rods 430 portion therebetween is connected with each other by the roll shaft 434 that is parallel to pivot 432, so that pivot rods 430 pivots around pivot 432 with identical position, angle as an integral body.Its diameter is rotatably installed on the roll shaft 434 less than the help roll 436 of the diameter of compression roller 414.Help roll 436 is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the lower arm part 372a3 of EA plate 372 and rear portion pipe 318, so that pivot rods 430 pivots along clockwise direction, shown in Figure 74 A, make the lower surface of help roll 436 and the leading section of lower arm part 372a3 or outside face enter extruding and contact that this lower arm part 372a3 is positioned near the curve 372a1.The free end away from pivot 432 of pivot rods 430 can engage with above-mentioned connecting rod 428.In addition, pivot rods 430 can be suitably crooked, interferes to avoid itself and EA plate 372 and compression roller 414.Two bearings part 412 is connected with each other by constraining rod 438, is fixing cooresponding bearing part 412 on the two ends of this constraining rod.This constraining rod 438 is oriented to constraining rod 438 and can keeps in touch with the upper surface of the lower arm part 372a3 of EA plate 372.In this resistance generating apparatus 410, pivot rods 430 pivoting action along clockwise direction makes help roll 436 the contacting with the outside face of the lower arm part 372a3 of EA plate 372 at compression roller 414 with lengthwise position place between the constraining rod 438 that the inside face of EA plate 372 contacts of EA plate 372, so that lower arm part 372a3 is clipped between help roll 436, compression roller 414 and the constraining rod 438.At this on the one hand, compression roller 414 and constraining rod 438 can be used from the effect of the attaching means of the distance increase between upper and lower arm 372a2, the 372a3 that limits EA plate 372.
Centrifugal clutch 420 has the joint jaw that adopts pivot pawl 440 forms, and pivot pawl 440 rotatably is fixed on the axial outside of rotating disc 426.This pivot pawl 440 links to each other with extension spring 442 at its free end, so that pivot pawl 440 can normally separate from ratchet 442.Rotating speed when rotating disc 426, be that the rotating speed of compression roller 424 is when surpassing reservation threshold, the centnifugal force that acts on the pivot pawl 440 will become greater than the biasing force of extension spring 442, so that pivot pawl 440 pivots around its fixed end, the pivot free end of pawl 440 of result moves along the axial outward direction of rotating disc 426, and an indented joint of this free end and ratchet 422.Therefore, rotating disc 426 is done as a whole rotation with ratchet dish 424, and connecting rod 428 makes pivot rods 430 cws pivot, so that the lower arm part 372a3 of help roll 436EA plate 372 enters the extruding contact, thereby the leading section of lower arm part 372a3 is crooked in U-shaped part 372a, shown in the long and two-short dash line of Figure 74 A.At this state, compression roller 414 is subjected to EA plate 372 restriction, and the rotation of compression roller 414 also is restricted, so that the EA plate 372 that contact with the outer circumferential surperficial cliding friction of the roller portion 416 of compression roller 414 is out of shape.That is, when the mode of operation of centrifugal clutch 420 when released state becomes engagement state, the engagement state between compression roller 414 and the EA plate 372 changes, to increase the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372, so that correspondingly increase the impact energy absorbing load.In case centrifugal clutch 420 enters joint, centrifugal clutch 420 just is locked in engagement state, and the rotation of compression roller 414 keeps being limited, so that can remain the resistance of this increase when absorbing impact energy.In Figure 74 A and 74B, the motion of each parts of resistance generating apparatus 410 when blank arrow represents that centrifugal clutch 420 is in engagement state.
When vehicle operators and bearing circle generation secondary collision, along with separation type support 334 moves forward with respect to body side support 342, when the movable part of cylinder 305 axially moves forward, in the 13 embodiment, EA plate 372 deforms when resistance generating apparatus 410 produces the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372.In the 14 embodiment, compression roller 414 moves forward along with EA plate 372 and rotates.When act on the Steering gear 301 impact hour, the movable part of cylinder 305, promptly separation type support 334 moves with lower speed, and compression roller 414 is with corresponding low speed rotation, so that centrifugal clutch 420 does not enter engagement state.At this state, EA plate 372 deforms in compression roller 414 rotations, so that the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 is less.When the impact on acting on Steering gear 301 was big, the movable part of cylinder 305 moved with higher speed, and compression roller 414 is with corresponding high speed revolution, so that centrifugal clutch 420 enters engagement state, as a result, as mentioned above, the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 increases.In the 13 embodiment, when the movement speed v of the movable part of cylinder 305 surpasses reservation threshold v
oThe time, resistance to deformation increases, shown in Figure 73.Thereby, resistance generating apparatus 410 can comprise that also resistance changes mechanism, this resistance changes the resistance to deformation that mechanism is used for changing according to the moving velocity of separation type support 334 EA plate 372, and the shock absorbing device 450 that comprises resistance generating apparatus 410 can comprise that the impact energy uptake changes mechanism, and this impact energy uptake changes mechanism and is used for moving axially rapid change impact energy uptake according to the movable part of cylinder 305.
This 14 embodiment also is configured to move with respect to the force-applying piece that adopts compression roller 414 forms as the U-shaped part 372a of the EA plate 372 of deformable piece.That is to say, play the compression roller 414 of guide part 385 effect and EA plate 372 wipe contact that slides over each other, and they relative to each other move with the corresponding speed of moving velocity with the movable part of cylinder 305.Can change the engagement state between compression roller 414 and the EA plate 372 according to the centnifugal force on the rotating disc 426 that acts on the centrifugal clutch 420 that rotates with compression roller 414.Above-mentioned impact energy uptake changes mechanism in order to change the impact energy uptake according to the power that is applied to it under the situation of not using any electronics package.
In the 14 embodiment, compression roller 414 plays movable part, and more accurate theory plays rotatable, and this rotatable as guide part 385 and rotation when EA plate 372 moves with respect to guide part 385.The 14 embodiment comprises the mechanism that rotatablely moves that is used for restriction compression roller 374 when the moving velocity of separation type support 334 is higher.That is to say, centrifugal clutch 420, pivot rods 430 and help roll 436 constitutes the main portion that a displaceable member moves restriction or stops mechanism, and this displaceable member moves restriction or stops mechanism to be used for when this speed that rotatablely moves is higher restriction or stop rotatablely moving of rotatable of adopting compression roller 414 forms.This rotatable and this displaceable member move restriction or stop mechanism to constitute the main portion that an energy absorbing load changes mechanism, and this energy absorbing load changes mechanism and is used for the rapid change impact energy absorbing load that moves forward according to separation type support 334.When the speed that moves forward at separation type support 334 surpassed reservation threshold, this energy absorbing load changed mechanism and increases impact energy absorbing load.
Have identical advantage according to the steering hardware of the 14 embodiment with steering hardware, comprise that this energy absorbing load changes the advantage of mechanism's practical function impact on Steering gear 301 change impact energy absorbing load can be according to vehicle operators and bearing circle secondary collision the time according to the 13 embodiment.
Can be to making change according to the steering hardware of the 14 embodiment, so that replace resistance generating apparatus 410 with following resistance generating apparatus 530 with reference to Figure 75 A and 75B explanation, wherein Figure 75 A is and the cooresponding cutaway view of Figure 71, and Figure 75 B illustrates the back view that is arranged on the centrifugal brake in the resistance generating apparatus 530 542 shown in Figure 75 A.
These resistance generating apparatus 530 structures are to be arranged on Figure 74 A similar with the resistance generating apparatus 410 among the 14 embodiment shown in the 74B, and comprise the force-applying piece that adopts compression roller 532 forms, compression roller 532 is rotatably mounted by the clutch shaft bearing spare 432 and the second bearing part (not shown), and this first and second bearing part is arranged on the front end of separation type support 334.As the compression roller 414 that is arranged among the 14 embodiment, compression roller 534 comprises roller portion 536 and the axial region 538 that forms as one each other.Axial region 538 is rotatably mounted by the clutch shaft bearing spare 532 and second bearing part at its two ends.Roller portion 536 is formed by metallic material, and has and be formed on outer circumferentially lip-deep a plurality of little salients 540, makes salient 540 be evenly distributed on the whole outer circumferentially surface.
Can find out that from Figure 75 B the rotating disc 426 identical with the 14 embodiment is fixedly mounted on the end of axial region 538, axial region 538 is supported by clutch shaft bearing spare 532 in this end.Rotating disc 426 is done as a whole rotation with compression roller 534.Clutch shaft bearing spare 532 is formed with the identical ratchet 422 of ratchet on the ratchet dish 424 used with being formed on the 14 embodiment.That is to say that clutch shaft bearing spare 532 is equal to cooresponding one combination in ratchet dish 424 and the two bearings part 412 among the 14 embodiment.As the 14 embodiment, rotating disc 426 has pivot pawl 440 and extension spring 442.When the rotating speed of compression roller 534 surpasses reservation threshold, the centnifugal force that acts on the pivot pawl 440 becomes greater than the biasing force of extension spring 442, so that pivot pawl 440 is around its fixed end rotation, the result pivot pawl 440 free end along the axial outside direction of rotating disc 426 move and with an indented joint of ratchet 422, thereby stop being further rotated of compression roller 534.Clutch shaft bearing spare 532, rotating disc 426, pivot pawl 440 and extension spring 442 constitute above-mentioned centrifugal brake 542, and this centrifugal brake is configured to utilize centnifugal force that rotatablely moving of compression roller 534 stopped.In other words, centrifugal brake 542 is in order to locking compression roller 534.The same with the 14 embodiment that centrifugal clutch 420 is not set on second bearing part 412 wherein, centrifugal brake 542 is not set on this second bearing part in this distortion yet, and this second bearing part is only in order to the axial region 538 at the rotatably mounted compression roller 534 of respective end.
With the same in the 14 embodiment, when vehicle operators and bearing circle generation secondary collision, when the movable part of cylinder 305 axially moves forward from the automobile body separation and with respect to automobile body, when resistance generating apparatus 530 produces the resistance to deformation of EA plates 372,372 distortion of EA plate.In the present embodiment, compression roller 534 also rotates along with moving forward of EA plate 372.When act on the Steering gear 301 impact hour, the movable part of cylinder 305, promptly separation type support 334 moves with lower speed, and compression roller 414 is with corresponding low speed rotation, so that centrifugal brake 542 does not enter its work or engagement state.At this state, EA plate 372 distortion when compression roller 414 rotations is so that the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 is less.When the impact on acting on Steering gear 301 is big, the movable part of cylinder 305 moves with higher speed, and compression roller 414 is with corresponding high speed revolution, so that centrifugal brake 542 enters its engagement state, the result stops to rotatablely move of compression roller 534.Have under salient 540 situations of keeping in touch with EA plate 372, make be formed at EA plate 372 that outer circumferential lip-deep salient 540 cliding frictions of compression roller 534 contact move need be bigger power.Therefore, the resistance to deformation of EA plate 372 increases.Be that resistance generating apparatus 530 produces the resistance to deformation of the increase of EA plate 372, promptly bigger impact energy absorbing load.In case centrifugal clutch 420 engages, centrifugal clutch 420 just is locked in engagement state, and the rotation of compression roller 414 keeps being limited, so that keep the resistance of this increase when absorbing impact energy.
In this modification of the 14 embodiment, according to the relative moving speed of EA plate 372 with compression roller 534, change the engagement state between deformable piece that adopts EA plate 372 forms and the force-applying piece that adopts compression roller 534 forms, and the resistance to deformation of the generation of increase EA plate 372.The moving velocity of the movable part of cylinder 305 is identical with the chart shown in Figure 73 with relation between the resistance of this generation.Thereby, this resistance generating apparatus 530 can comprise that also resistance changes mechanism and shock absorbing device 550, this resistance change mechanism is used for the resistance to deformation that moves axially rapid change EA plate 372 according to Steering gear 301, and shock absorbing device 550 can comprise the impact energy uptake change mechanism that is used for changing according to the speed that moves axially of Steering gear 301 the impact energy uptake.In addition, compression roller 534 plays displaceable member, more precisely, play rotatable, and centrifugal brake 542 constitutes the main portion that this displaceable member moves restriction or stops mechanism, this displaceable member moves restriction or stops mechanism and the displaceable member that adopts compression roller 534 forms to constitute the main portion that this energy absorbing load changes mechanism, and this energy absorbing load changes mechanism and is used for the rapid change impact energy absorbing load that moves forward according to separation type support 334 or Steering gear 301.This energy absorbing load changes mechanism and be configured to be used for increase the impact energy absorbing load when the speed that separation type support 334 moves forward surpasses reservation threshold.
" the 5th group of embodiment "
Here will describe the present invention the 15, the 16 and the 17 embodiment, these embodiment are similar each other and form the 5th group of embodiment jointly.
＜the ten five embodiment 〉
With reference to Figure 76, Figure 77, Figure 78, Figure 79 A and Figure 79 B fifteenth embodiment of the invention is described, wherein Figure 76 is the lateral plan that this device is shown, Figure 77 is the planar view that the Steering gear 301 that is arranged in the device is shown, Figure 78 is the side view cutaway drawing that Steering gear 301 is shown, and Figure 79 A and 79B are the block diagrams that the rear portion pipe 318 of the Steering gear 301 that is connected on the automobile body is shown respectively and is arranged on the shock absorbing device 600 in this device.In the steering hardware according to the 15 embodiment, configuration and the 13 embodiment that the structure of Steering gear 301 and being used for is installed in Steering gear 301 on the automobile body are similar.The 13 embodiment from the beginning to (
*The foregoing description with reference to Figure 66 to Figure 69 at position 3) is applicable to the steering hardware of this 15 embodiment.
The front elevation of the local side view cutaway drawing of the block diagram of Figure 79 A and 79B, the partial side view of Figure 80, Figure 81, Figure 82 A and 82B all illustrates shock absorbing device 600.Shock absorbing device 600 places between rear portion pipe 318 (movable parts of cylinder 305) and the automobile body, in particular, places separation type support 334 and is connected between the body side support 342 on the reinforcement of Vehicular instrument panel.Shock absorbing device 600 comprises in order to produce the load generating apparatus 604 of impact energy absorbing load.Load generating apparatus 604 comprises the deformable piece that adopts impact energy baffle 610 (hereinafter being called " EA plate 610 ") form, and load generating apparatus 604 produces the impact energy absorbing load based on making EA plate 610 produce the required power of distortion.EA plate 610 is installed on the installation portion 611, and installation portion 611 is positioned on the basic central portion of separation type support 334 along lateral direction of car (Width).
In the leading section of the installation portion 611 of separation type support 334, be provided with the guide 612 that forms by resin material regularly.Guide 612 is the semicircle column piece substantially, and is installed on the leading section that is supported plate 340 and supporting member 338 stacked on top of each other of separation type support 334.More particularly, guide 612 has the recess that wherein assembling is supported the leading section of plate 340 and supporting member 338.Guide 612 is used from and makes the stressed so that effect of the force-applying piece of its distortion of EA plate 372, and guide 612 constitutes the guide part 613 of the installation portion 611 of separation type supports 334.Installation portion 611 comprises the back plate 614 that leans against on the upper surface that is supported plate 340, is used to support the upper arm parts 610a2 of EA plate 610.
EA plate 610 be by metallic material form rectangular substantially, and comprise U-shaped part 610a.U-shaped part 610a comprises curve 610a1 and above-mentioned upper arm parts 610a2 and lower arm part 610a3, and upper arm parts and lower arm part 610a2 and the 610a3 two ends along vehicle direction backward from curve 610a1 respectively extend parallel to each other.From Figure 81, can know and see that upper arm parts 610a2 is bearing on the upper surface of back plate 614, and lower arm part 610a3 is positioned at the upper board part below of supporting member 338, and be parallel to this upper board and partly extend.The curve 610a1 of EA plate 610 surface within it keeps in touch with the half-cylindrical outside face of guide 612.By EA plate 610 is moved backward with respect to installation portion 611, make installation portion 611 edges be clipped between upper arm parts 610a2 and the lower arm part 610a3 perpendicular to the direction on the plane of this arm, EA plate 610 is installed on the installation portion 611 of separation type support 334.Guide 612 closely is engaged among the U-shaped part 610a of EA plate 610, moves to prevent EA plate 610.EA plate 610 also comprises junction surface 610b, and junction surface 610b extends along the plane earth that the direction away from lower arm part 610a3 is basically perpendicular to upper arm parts 610a2 from the rear end of upper arm parts 610a2.In other words, form junction surface 610b by the rearward end that makes upper arm parts 610a2 along direction bending away from lower arm part 610a3.Shown in Figure 79 and Figure 82 B, junction surface 610b is T shape substantially, and can engage with body side support 342 when separation type support 334 moves forward with respect to body side support 342, hereinafter will describe in detail.
EA plate 610 is with respect to installation portion 611 location of separation type support 334.More particularly, separation type support 334 has rectangular opening 616, and comprises a pair of location and maintainance block 618, and the location is separately fixed on two opposite faces of the two relative rectangular edges that limit rectangular opening 616, shown in Figure 79 with maintainance block 618.Two location and maintainance block 618 usefulness act on location and the holding device with respect to separation type support 334 location and maintenance EA plate 610.The effect of used location and maintainance block 388 is identical among the location and the effect of maintainance block 618 and the 13 embodiment.In the 15 embodiment, upper arm parts 610a2 is by 614 supportings of following back plate, and upper arm parts 610a2 is by location and maintainance block 618 location and maintenance.The T shape junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 has the vertical component effect that can engage with the maintaining part that adopts pendular body 638 (hereinafter will describe in detail) form, and pendular body 638 is pivotally connected on the body side support 342.The width W 1 of this vertical component effect is less than the distance W 2 between two location and the maintainance block 618, shown in Figure 79, this with the 13 embodiment in width W 1 locate less than two and maintainance block 388 between distance W 2 the same.
In order body side support 342 to be connected on this reinforcement, to be fixed with U-shaped support 632, as Figure 81, shown in Figure 82 A and Figure 82 B with a pair of arm 630.The arm 630 of U-shaped support 632 has axis hole 634 respectively, and bolster 636 is fixed in the cooresponding axis hole 634 at its two ends.Above-mentioned pendular body 638 is supported pivotally by bolster 636.Pendular body 638 plays inertial mass, and comprises the basic weight part 642 and the cylindrical collar 644 for the main part 640 of U-shaped, employing round bar form.U-shaped main part 640 comprises the opposing sidewalls 646 that has axis hole 648 respectively.Bolster 636 passes the axis hole 648 and the cylindrical collar 644, and the cylindrical collar 644 is fixed on the respective inner surfaces of sidewall 646 in its both ends of the surface.Thereby pendular body 638 is supported pivotally by support 632.Weight part 642 is fixed in its both ends of the surface on the free end of inside face of sidewall 646.Pendular body 638 has normality or initialization position, i.e. weight balancing state is shown in Figure 80 and Figure 81 solid line.Figure 80 illustrates Steering gear 301, this Steering gear through body side support 342 actual installation on automobile body so that its inclination.On the other hand, Figure 81 illustrates the position relation between shock absorbing device 600 and the pendular body 638.Pendular body 638 can pivot in a predetermined angular range around the axis of bolster 636, and this predetermined angular is limited by two angle positions (with long and two-short dash line one of them being shown among Figure 81).That is, but pendular body 638 cws pivot, enter against contacting, shown in Figure 81 with retainer 650 on being fixed on U-shaped support 632 up to weight part 642.The angle position of the pendular body 638 shown in the long and two-short dash line is called " stroke final position ".Figure 82 A illustrates the pendular body 638 that is in its normality or initial position, and Figure 82 B illustrates the pendular body 638 that is in its stroke final position.
Under the situation of vehicle operators and bearing circle generation secondary collision, act on impact on the Steering gear 301 when surpassing reservation threshold, for example, the movable part of cylinder 305 also axially moves forward from 342 separation of body side support, be that separation type support 334 axially moves forward, as in the 13 embodiment.In the present embodiment, the load generating apparatus 604 of shock absorbing device 600 can produce or not produce the impact energy absorbing load according to the control position or the state of pendular body 638 in the process that moves forward at separation type support 334.Figure 83 A is illustrated in the separation type support 334 that is in when pendular body 638 is in initial position in the process of moving forward, and the junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 and the connecting portion 662 of the main part 640 of pendular body 638 entered the separation type support 334 when contacting when Figure 83 B illustrated pendular body 638 and is in its stroke final position.
The connecting portion 662 of main part 640 links to each other with two side 646, and has groove maintaining part 664, and when pendular body 638 was in the stroke final position, in the process that separation type support 334 moves forward, the junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 can engage with groove maintaining part 664.When pendular body 638 was in the normality of Figure 83 A or initial position, connecting portion 662 was positioned at junction surface 610b top, and junction surface 610b does not enter with the maintaining part 664 of connecting portion 662 and engages.Thereby in this case, EA plate 610 can be along with separation type support 334 moves forward under the situation that EA plate 610 does not have to be out of shape.Thereby when pendular body 638 was in initial position, load generating apparatus 604 did not produce the impact energy absorbing load.When pendular body 638 from initial position when the stroke final position pivots a predetermined angular, shown in Figure 83 B, the junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 enters with the maintaining part 664 of the connecting portion 662 of the main part 640 of pendular body 638 and engages.Because this of junction surface 610b and maintaining part 664 engages and can prevent that EA plate 610 from further moving forward with respect to body side support 342 (U-shaped support 632), therefore be out of shape with the slide U-shaped part 610a of the EA plate 610 that extruding contacts of guide 312.That is, EA plate 610 is out of shape when it moves with respect to separation type support 334, so that load generating apparatus 604 produces the impact energy absorbing load based on the required power of this distortion.
Under vehicle and arbitrary objects case of collision, adopt the inertial mass of pendular body 368 forms to be moved, in particular, this inertial mass pivots because of force of inertia.The angle of pivot of pendular body 638 is not only determined by force of inertia, and is determined with the gravity that prevents to pivot by acting on the pendular body 638.That is act on the impact size on the vehicle when, angle of pivot depends on collision.In this, load generating apparatus 604 can comprise and is used for moving the permission device according to acting on the inertial mass that the impact size on the automobile body moves this inertial mass.Buckles on being applied to automobile body is during greater than a threshold value, load generating apparatus 604 produces the impact energy absorbing load, when buckles surpassed this threshold value, the angle of pivot of pendular body 638 was enough to make the junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 to engage with maintaining part 664 on being arranged on pendular body 638.
The load generating apparatus 604 of shock absorbing device 600 comprises first or second or the deformable piece of force-applying piece and employing EA plate 610 forms that can not move with respect to the movable part of cylinder 305 that adopts guide 612 forms, when this displaceable member moves that this deformable piece does not move with respect to automobile body simultaneously, can move with respect to this force-applying piece with the EA plate 610 of this force-applying piece moving contact.Load generating apparatus 604 is based on causing the required power of this deformable piece distortion to produce the impact energy absorbing load in its process that moves with respect to this force-applying piece.Allow or stop this deformable piece according to the displacement of the inertial mass that adopts pendular body 638 forms with respect to the moving of automobile body, so that the impact energy absorbing load that is produced by load generating apparatus 604 changed in two steps.That is to say that load generating apparatus 604 can comprise the energy absorbing load change mechanism that changes the impact energy absorbing load in order to the displacement according to inertial mass 638.In addition, the shock absorbing device 600 that comprises this load generating apparatus 604 can comprise that the impact energy uptake that changes the impact energy uptake in order to the displacement according to inertial mass changes mechanism.
In this steering hardware, pendular body 638 with the maintaining part 664 that can engage with EA plate 610 is supported by automobile body, so that pendular body 638 is owing to force of inertia stands the displacement of pivoting action form, so that the impact size that the pivoting action amount acts on the automobile body during along with vehicle collision changes.When the pivoting action (displacement) of pendular body 638 was measured greater than reservation threshold, the junction surface 610b of EA plate 610 entered with maintaining part 664 and engages.At this on the one hand, this steering hardware can comprise the joint regulating mechanism in order to allow or to stop junction surface 610b to engage with pendular body 638.
In conjunction with advantage [1] to [6], [13] and [17] of first embodiment explanation, and above-mentioned impact energy uptake changes mechanism or engages that regulating mechanism is feasible the attendant advantages that the impact size that produces can be according to vehicle collision the time absorbs impact energy above having according to the steering hardware of the 15 embodiment.
The pendular body with maintaining part 664 638 used among the 15 embodiment can be made change, shown in Figure 84.In according to the steering hardware shown in Figure 84 of the 15 this modification of embodiment, extend along the direction away from the other end from the corresponding arm 630 of U-shaped support 632 end of bolster 636.An above-mentioned end of bolster 636 is provided with spring 670, so that bias voltage pendular body 638 in the counterclockwise direction, shown in dotted arrow among Figure 84.Above-mentioned arm 630 is provided with retainer 672, contacts so that the main part 640 of pendular body 638 is held against with retainer 672, to limit the normality or the initial position of pendular body 638.In this modification, when vehicle collision, act on the automobile body impact hour, stop pendular body 638 cws to pivot.Above-mentioned inertial mass displacement allows the device can be in conjunction with an one-way clutch mechanism (not shown), and this one-way clutch mechanism is used to prevent pendular body 638 conter clockwise initial position that pivots back when vehicle collision because after the force of inertia cw pivoting action.In the 15 embodiment, when the junction surface of EA plate 610 610b does not enter when engaging with pendular body 638, that is, the impact on being applied to automobile body is during less than reservation threshold, and load generating apparatus 604 is produce power absorbing load not substantially.Yet, except load generating apparatus 604, also can produce basic impact energy absorbing load by other device, for example, perhaps regulating two gaps of managing between 320,318 and producing basic impact energy absorbing load by regulate inserting the friction coefficient of sleeve pipe 322 between anterior pipe 320 and the rear portion pipe 318 (described in above the 13 embodiment).
＜the ten six embodiment 〉
With reference to Figure 85 and Figure 86, illustrate and be installed in according to the energy absorbing plate on the separation type support 334 in the steering hardware of the 16 embodiment (EA plate) 710.Being used among the 16 embodiment is different from the 15 embodiment with the structure configuration that EA plate 710 is installed on the separation type support 334.On the other hand, the steering hardware of the 16 embodiment is identical with the 15 embodiment, and has the various advantages of the advantage that comprises the 15 embodiment.
In this steering hardware, the installation portion 611 of separation type support 334 does not comprise guide 612.Installation portion 611 comprises and is supported plate 340 and back plate 338, be supported plate 340 and be the bottom of separation type support 334 with maintaining part 338, and they is together stacked on top of each other.In this embodiment, be supported the basic U-shaped salient (semicolumn part) that plate 340 comprises the leading section that wherein accommodates supporting member 338.
The same with the EA plate 610 that uses among the 15 embodiment, EA plate 710 comprises U-shaped part 710a and junction surface 710b.U-shaped part 710a comprises curve 710a1, upper arm parts 710a2 and lower arm part 710a3, and junction surface 710b is by the rearward end formation of K/UP upper arm parts 710a2.EA plate 710 is installed on the installation portion 611, so that the surperficial within it half-cylindrical outside face with the U-shaped salient 700 that is supported plate 340 of curve 710a1 keeps closed contact.When separation type support 334 axially moves forward with respect to automobile body when the maintaining part of the junction surface of EA plate 710 710b and body side support keeps engaging, slide with the outside face of U-shaped salient 700 and to push the EA plate 710 that contacts and deform.In the present embodiment, U-shaped salient 700 plays the guide part 613 of installation portion 611.
The upper arm parts 710a2 of EA plate 710 has a pair of lug, and the downward-sloping bending of the leading section of this lug is to form pair of engaging jaw 710a4.On the other hand, the plate 340 that is supported of separation type support 334 has rectangular opening 714, keeps engaging with the front side wall of rectangular opening 714 so that upper arm parts 710a2, engages jaw 710a4 simultaneously with respect to separation type support 334 location and maintenance.Thereby this is used from location and the holding device of locating and keep EA plate 710 with respect to separation type support 334 to engaging jaw 710a4.Green phase can be easy to EA plate 710 is installed on the installation portion 611 for the mobile backward EA plate 710 of separation type support 344, makes installation portion 611 be clipped between upper arm parts and lower arm part 710a2 and the 710a3.Should note, rectangular opening 712 in the size on the lateral direction of car than the big suitable amount of the distance between the side end face that engages jaw 710a4 so that can with the cooresponding distance range of above-mentioned amount in regulate the position of EA plate 710 (upper arm parts 710a2) along lateral direction of car with respect to installation portion 611 (being supported plate 340).
Below with reference to Figure 87, this illustrates the modification of the installation portion 611 of the 16 embodiment use.In this modification, be supported plate 340 and have the crooked salient 702 that protrudes from the front end of supporting member 338.Crooked salient 702 has curved end, and the surface of this curved end contacts with the front end face of supporting member 338.This bending salient 702 plays the guide part 613 of installation portion 611.
＜the ten seven embodiment 〉
Figure 88 illustrates according to the energy absorbing plate (EA plate) 740 on the part that is installed in automobile body in the shock absorbing steering apparatus of seventeenth embodiment of the invention structure.Used EA plate is installed on the separation type support that is connected on the Steering gear 301 in all previous embodiment, and used EA plate 740 is installed on the body side support 342 that is connected on the automobile body among this 17 embodiment.The steering hardware of the 17 embodiment is identical with the 15 embodiment in others.
In this steering hardware, body side support 342 is provided with the flute profile fabricated section 730 with installation portion 732.Installation portion 732 is rearward end along the basic central portion of lateral direction of car of fabricated section 730.U-shaped guide 734 is assemblied on the rearward end of installation portion 732.The same with EA plate 610 used among the 15 embodiment, EA plate 740 has the U-shaped part 740a that comprises curve 740a1.EA plate 740 is installed on the installation portion 732, makes curve 740a1 keep in touch with the half-cylindrical outside face of guide 734 on the surface within it, and guide 734 plays the guide part 736 of fabricated section 732; And make guide 734 be clipped between the upper and lower arm 740a2 and 740a3 of EA plate 740.EA plate 740 comprises the T shape junction surface 740b that forms by the leading section that is bent downwardly lower arm part 740a3.
On the part of the upper surface of the supported part 340 that is connected the separation type support 334 on the cylinder 305, be provided with holding element 752 regularly with concave part 750, concave part 750 has towards the groove of vehicle forward direction opening, wherein, described part is positioned at the lower arm part 740a3 below of EA plate 740.This concave part 750 plays maintaining part, when the movable part of cylinder 305 (separation type support 344) with respect to automobile body (body side support 342) when moving axially, the junction surface 740b of EA plate 740 can engage with this maintaining part.Cylinder 305 is installed on the automobile body through separation type support 334 and body side support 342, makes to have free-running operation distance L 2 between junction surface 740b and the concave part 750 (maintaining part).
After holding element 752 and the junction surface 740b of EA plate 740 enter and engage when secondary collision, when the movable part of cylinder 305 moves axially with respect to automobile body, the EA plate 740 that contacts with guide 734 (guide part 736) slip extruding deforms, and the impact that secondary collision produced is by the distortion absorption of EA plate 740.In this 17 embodiment, adopt the impact energy absorbing component of EA plate 740 forms to be installed on the part of automobile body, and can be arranged on this Steering gear with this maintaining part that the junction surface 740b of this impact energy absorbing component engages.The impact energy that this embodiment produces in the time of can also effectively absorbing secondary collision, and can be in conjunction with the various technical characterictics that had in previous embodiment described above and the modification thereof.
Claims (4)
1. vehicle shock absorbing steering apparatus, it comprises:
Steering gear (301), this Steering gear will be fixed on and make described Steering gear can separate and can move along vehicle forward direction from automobile body under the situation of automotive occupant generation secondary collision when vehicle collision on the part (31) of automobile body, one in the described part of described Steering gear and described automobile body comprises installation portion (375), and in described Steering gear and the described part another comprises maintaining part (342a); And
Be installed in the impact energy absorbing component (372) on the described installation portion, this impact energy absorbing component comprises the junction surface (372b) that can engage with described maintaining part (342a), and described impact energy absorbing component can move along vehicle forward direction at described Steering gear and be out of shape when described junction surface keeps engaging with described maintaining part simultaneously, thereby described impact energy absorbing component absorbs the impact energy that secondary collision produces;
It is characterized in that, described vehicle also comprises with shock absorbing steering apparatus: be used for the speed that moves along vehicle forward direction with respect to the described part of automobile body according to described Steering gear, the energy absorbing load of the impact energy absorbing load that change will be produced by the distortion of described impact energy absorbing component changes mechanism (370; 410; 530).
2. shock absorbing steering apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described energy absorbing load changes mechanism and increases the impact energy absorbing load along with the increase of the moving velocity of described Steering gear.
3. shock absorbing steering apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described energy absorbing load changes mechanism and changes the impact energy absorbing load, the impact energy absorbing load when the impact energy absorbing load when making the moving velocity of described Steering gear greater than a predetermined threshold is not more than described predetermined threshold greater than the moving velocity of described Steering gear.
4. according to each described shock absorbing steering apparatus in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that described energy absorbing load changes mechanism and changes the impact energy absorbing load by the resistance to deformation that changes described impact energy absorbing component (372).
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003136380A JP2004338509A (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2003-05-14 | Impact absorption type steering column device |
| JP136380/2003 | 2003-05-14 | ||
| JP279544/2003 | 2003-07-25 | ||
| JP286678/2003 | 2003-08-05 | ||
| JP290149/2003 | 2003-08-08 | ||
| JP310419/2003 | 2003-09-02 | ||
| JP049733/2004 | 2004-02-25 |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007103058555A Division CN101195383B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
| CN2007103058540A Division CN101195382B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1784331A CN1784331A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| CN100455469C true CN100455469C (en) | 2009-01-28 |
Family
ID=33526366
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007103058555A Expired - Fee Related CN101195383B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
| CN2007103058540A Expired - Fee Related CN101195382B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
| CNB2004800121602A Expired - Fee Related CN100455469C (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007103058555A Expired - Fee Related CN101195383B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
| CN2007103058540A Expired - Fee Related CN101195382B (en) | 2003-05-14 | 2004-04-28 | Shock absorbing steering apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2004338509A (en) |
| CN (3) | CN101195383B (en) |
Families Citing this family (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4635772B2 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2011-02-23 | 日本精工株式会社 | Steering device |
| JP5120115B2 (en) * | 2008-07-04 | 2013-01-16 | 日本精工株式会社 | Steering column support device |
| EP2565103B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 | 2015-04-01 | NSK Ltd. | Steering column support device |
| JP5267528B2 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2013-08-21 | 日本精工株式会社 | Shock absorbing steering device |
| WO2012086331A1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-28 | 日本精工株式会社 | Support device for steering column |
| EP2626276B1 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2018-01-03 | NSK Ltd. | Support device for steering column, and assembly method thereof |
| JP2013001242A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-01-07 | Jtekt Corp | Steering apparatus |
| WO2013022029A1 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | 日本精工株式会社 | Energy absorption member and shock absorption steering device |
| US20130133461A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-05-30 | Nexteer (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. | Energy absorbing steering column assembly |
| JP5874361B2 (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2016-03-02 | 日本精工株式会社 | Manufacturing method of steering device |
| CN102837724B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-09-10 | 上海采埃孚转向系统有限公司 | Collapsing anti-falling mechanism for automotive steering column |
| DE102014102408B3 (en) | 2014-02-25 | 2015-04-16 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Aktiengesellschaft | Steering shaft for a motor vehicle |
| JP6621811B2 (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2019-12-18 | エヌエスケイ アメリカズ インコーポレイテッド | Energy absorption module for vehicle steering column assembly |
| JP6361438B2 (en) * | 2014-10-07 | 2018-07-25 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Energy absorbing steering column |
| US9669862B1 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2017-06-06 | Steering Solutions Ip Holding Corporation | Steering column having an energy absorption assembly |
| DE102017213895A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-14 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Steering column for a motor vehicle |
| DE102019203906A1 (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-24 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Se & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Bamberg | Carrier component with fastening area made of a fiber composite material and at least one support element locking a fastening element |
| JP7220131B2 (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2023-02-09 | 富士機工株式会社 | steering column device |
| CN115447658B (en) * | 2022-10-24 | 2023-07-25 | 浙江极氪智能科技有限公司 | Steering column for vehicle and vehicle |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5209135A (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1993-05-11 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Impact absorbing type steering column device |
| US5378021A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-01-03 | Nsk Ltd. | Collapsible steering column apparatus |
| US6224104B1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 2001-05-01 | Nsk Ltd. | Impact-absorbing steering column device |
| US20020167157A1 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-11-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Support mechanism of steering system |
| CN2709274Y (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-07-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Shock absorbing steering device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5715730A (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1998-02-10 | General Motors Corporation | Tilt adjustable motor vehicle steering column |
| CN2442885Y (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2001-08-15 | 靖江格尔顿传动轴有限公司 | Steering mechanism with regulator and endergonic device |
-
2003
- 2003-05-14 JP JP2003136380A patent/JP2004338509A/en active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-04-28 CN CN2007103058555A patent/CN101195383B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-28 CN CN2007103058540A patent/CN101195382B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-28 CN CNB2004800121602A patent/CN100455469C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5209135A (en) * | 1990-04-23 | 1993-05-11 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Impact absorbing type steering column device |
| US5378021A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1995-01-03 | Nsk Ltd. | Collapsible steering column apparatus |
| US6224104B1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 2001-05-01 | Nsk Ltd. | Impact-absorbing steering column device |
| US20020167157A1 (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-11-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Support mechanism of steering system |
| CN2709274Y (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-07-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Shock absorbing steering device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004338509A (en) | 2004-12-02 |
| CN101195383B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
| CN1784331A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| CN101195382B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
| CN101195383A (en) | 2008-06-11 |
| CN101195382A (en) | 2008-06-11 |
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Granted publication date: 20090128 Termination date: 20160428 |