CN100450370C - 一种茶叶的微生物生物保鲜方法 - Google Patents

一种茶叶的微生物生物保鲜方法 Download PDF

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CN100450370C
CN100450370C CNB200510134910XA CN200510134910A CN100450370C CN 100450370 C CN100450370 C CN 100450370C CN B200510134910X A CNB200510134910X A CN B200510134910XA CN 200510134910 A CN200510134910 A CN 200510134910A CN 100450370 C CN100450370 C CN 100450370C
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CN1792203A (zh
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陆兆新
胡秋辉
曹叶中
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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Abstract

本发明涉及茶叶微生物生物保鲜方法,属于优质绿茶储藏保鲜方法。茶叶在加工成型后加入枯草芽孢杆菌菌粉。在茶叶限氧包装的条件下,该菌能在茶叶表面成膜,从而控制氧化劣变,达到保鲜目的。具体方法是将枯草芽孢杆菌在零下20℃下干燥成菌粉,以0.01%-0.02%的重量比掺入到成品绿茶中,搅拌均匀后再放入温度4-5℃恒温三周,然后包装成商品绿茶入库,经微生物菌保鲜的茶叶保藏一年后其有效营养成分茶多酚保留率达到99.51%、叶绿素保留率达85.51%、维生素C保留率达92.41%。茶叶有效营养成份与传统储藏方法相比均有很大提高,该保鲜技术大大延长了茶叶的货价期,增加了其商品价值。

Description

一种茶叶的微生物生物保鲜方法
一技术领域
本发明一种茶叶的微生物生物保鲜方法,属于生物技术领域,专用于绿茶保鲜。
二技术背景
我国绿茶以资源广、产量高、品质好闻名世界,绿茶在存放过程中极易发生品质劣变,从而降低其饮用价值和商品价值。影响贮藏茶叶品质变化的环境因素主要有水分、氧气、温度和光线等,在现有的茶叶保鲜技术中,低温冷藏技术效果最好,除氧或抽气冲氮技术是在绿茶包装中采用除氧剂除氧和抽气冲氮,其保鲜效果较为显著,可减轻绿茶感官品质变化程度,增强绿茶的贮藏性质,延长有效贮藏期。
本发明提出一种微生物生物保鲜方法,经微生物制剂处理的茶叶在表面成膜阻隔与氧气的接触,使茶叶表面处于接近无氧状态,大大降低了茶叶的氧化程度,达到保鲜的目的。
三发明内容
技术问题:
本发明提供一种绿茶微生物生物保鲜方法,利用微生物在茶叶表面成膜阻碍茶叶与氧气的氧化反应,使茶叶处于无氧状态条件下,降低了茶叶的氧化程度达到了保鲜目的。
技术方案:
将枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ(专利号:ZL03132005.8,公开日20040225,公开号CN1477189A)在零下20℃下干燥成菌粉,以0.01%-0.02%的重量比掺入到成品茶中,搅拌均匀后再放入温度4-5℃恒温箱三周,然后包装成商品茶叶。
枯草芽孢杆菌因其无毒,无残留,无污染,在食品的防腐保鲜上已有应用,一种绿茶微生物保鲜技术的方法,其特征在于:在成品绿茶中加入低温处理的枯草芽孢芽孢杆菌菌粉,该菌能在茶叶表面形成膜,从而控制氧化劣变达到保鲜的目的。
有益效果:
本发明所提供的一种绿茶微生物生物保鲜方法,其优点和积极效果为:
(1)微生物生物保鲜绿茶解决了茶叶在储藏过程中氧化的问题,使茶叶理化性质与感官指标长期基本保持不变,延长了茶叶的货价期,提高了商业价值。
(2)茶叶的有效营养成分与传统的加工方法相比有很大的提高,经微生物菌制剂保鲜的茶叶保藏一年后其有效营养成分茶多酚保留率达到99.51%、叶绿素保留率达85.51%、维生素C保留率达92.41%(表1)。
(3)金坛雀舌(微生物保鲜)雌、雄小鼠经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW,根据急性毒性(LD50)剂量分级标准,该样品属实际无毒级。
四、具体实施方式
实施例1
1.1菌种的获得:
枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ(专利号:ZL03132005.8,公开日20040225,公开号CN1477189A)
1.2培养基:
牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基(液体)(牛肉膏5g/L、Nacl5g/L、PH7.1)
1.3菌种的培养与制备:
将实验室斜面保存的枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ接种到液体培养基中扩增培养,再离心得沉淀用脱脂乳溶解后在零下20℃干燥成菌粉。
1.4菌种鉴定:
目的是确定实验过程中有无染菌,最终获得的菌株是否为条件出发菌株枯草芽孢杆菌,结果证明该菌是枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ。
1.5微生物保鲜:
将干燥制得的枯草芽孢杆菌菌粉以0.01%-0.02%的重量比掺入锅式杀青绿茶中,搅拌均匀后密封,再放入温度4℃-5℃恒温室三周,然后包装成商品茶叶。
1.6实验方法:
锅式杀青绿茶加微生物菌菌粉,锅式杀青绿茶(不加菌粉)、在4℃条件下保藏一年测定其理化指标,结果表1。茶叶的有效营养成分与传统的加工方法相比有很大的提高,经微生物菌制剂保鲜的茶叶保藏一年后其有效营养成分茶多酚保留率达到99.51%、叶绿素保留率达85.51%、维生素C保留率达92.41%。
表1茶叶微生物保鲜菌fmbJ在茶叶保鲜中应用效果
Figure C20051013491000051
1.7急性毒性试验证明,微生物保鲜绿茶属无毒级:
实验方法按中华人民共和国卫生部《食品安全毒理学评价程序和方法》2003版要求进行。
金坛雀舌(对照)急性毒性试验小鼠存活情况见表2。得雌、雄小鼠经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW。且在观察期内动物活动、进食、行为等未见异常,根据LD50剂量分级标准,该样品属实际无毒级。
表2金坛雀舌(对照)急性毒性试验小鼠存活情况
Figure C20051013491000052
表3金坛雀舌(微生物保鲜)急性毒性试验小鼠存活情况
Figure C20051013491000053
金坛雀舌(微生物保鲜)急性毒性试验小鼠存活情况见表3。得雌、雄小鼠经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW。且在观察期内动物活动、进食、行为等未见异常,根据LD50剂量分级标准,该样品属实际无毒级。
金坛雀舌(对照)雌、雄小鼠经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW,根据急性毒性(LD50)剂量分级标准,该样品属实际无毒级。
金坛雀舌(微生物保鲜)雌、雄小鼠经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW,根据急性毒性(LD50)剂量分级标准,该样品属实际无毒级。
实施实例2
2.1菌种的获得:
枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ。
2.2培养基:
牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基(液体)(牛肉膏5g/L、Nacl5g/L、PH7.1)
2.3菌种的培养与制备:
将实验室斜面保存的枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ接种到液体培养基中扩增培养,再离心得沉淀用脱脂乳溶解后在零下20℃干燥成菌粉。
2.4菌种鉴定:
目的是确定实验过程中有无染菌,最终获得的菌株是否为条件出发菌株枯草芽孢杆菌,结果证明该菌是枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ。
2.5微生物保鲜:
将干燥制得的枯草芽孢杆菌菌粉以0.01%-0.02%的重量比掺入微波杀青绿茶中,搅拌均匀后密封,再放入温度4℃-5℃恒温室三周,然后包装成商品茶叶。

Claims (1)

1、一种绿茶微生物生物保鲜方法,其特征在于:将枯草芽孢杆菌fmbJ在零下20℃下干燥成菌粉,以0.01%-0.02%的重量比掺入到成品绿茶中,搅拌均匀后再放入温度4-5℃恒温箱3周,然后包装成商品绿茶。
CNB200510134910XA 2005-12-30 2005-12-30 一种茶叶的微生物生物保鲜方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100450370C (zh)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1145177A (zh) * 1996-08-09 1997-03-19 江西德宇集团 绿茶生物保鲜技术
CN1477189A (zh) * 2003-07-10 2004-02-25 南京农业大学 一种食品防腐用菌株及其抗菌产物

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1145177A (zh) * 1996-08-09 1997-03-19 江西德宇集团 绿茶生物保鲜技术
CN1477189A (zh) * 2003-07-10 2004-02-25 南京农业大学 一种食品防腐用菌株及其抗菌产物

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