CN100450367C

CN100450367C - A composite insecticide

Info

Publication number: CN100450367C
Application number: CNB2005100260404A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋杰贤; 季香云
Original assignee: Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2005-05-20
Filing date: 2005-05-20
Publication date: 2009-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2025-05-20
Also published as: CN1864492A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite pesticide formed by mixing plant extract and caryotype polyhedron virus liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure. The volume ratio the plant extract to the caryotype polyhedron virus liquid is 1 to 9: 9 to 1. The plant extract can be capsaicin and rotenone. The present invention has high toxicity, shortens disinsection time, and enhances disinsection effect. Compared with plant unitary agents, the present invention has obvious synergistic effect. Compared with pure virus agents, the present invention lowers production cost, and has high market development potentiality.

Description

A kind of composite insecticide

Technical field

The present invention relates to biological insecticides, specifically a kind of plant extraction liquid and nuclear polyhedrosis virus composite insecticide belong to biological technical field.

Background technology

Along with China's entry into the WTO, integrate with foreign agriculture, the economic competition outside the participating country, it is extremely urgent to work out mouthful agricultural.And the key factor that influences China's Vegetables Exportation is the safety of outlet vegetables, health does not meet the requirement of importer, vegetables with calendar year 2001 China's outlet Japan are example, calendar year 2001, the fresh vegetables of China outlet Japan had nearly 20-30 batch to be detected the residue of pesticide material by Japanese side and exceed standard, kind from present China outlet vegetables, export varieties is also more single, it mainly is shallot, big garlic product, product is mainly sold to Japan, and some are welcome by developed country such as America and Europe deeply, have more the green vegetable of market development potentiality and prospect, almost the neither one kind can export, and the key factor that causes this reason is that the recall rate of the residue of pesticide material that contains in the vegetables and poisonous and harmful substance is also than higher.Therefore, the substitute of exploitation chemical pesticide is imperative.

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua H ü nber) is a Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, and these worm feeding habits are assorted, and it is wide to distribute, and food ingestion is big, and pesticide resistance is strong.Heal in the harm of vegetable-growing area, each province, China south in recent years and become serious, especially endanger summer, autumn vegetables, become one of important vegetable-crop pest-insect of 6-7 month the sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches.Vegetables are throughout the year with a toll of more than 30%.Control nocturnal moth class insect mainly relies on chemical pesticide for a long time, because general chemical pesticide is undesirable to its control efficiency, and result's escalated dose of having to, this not only increases cost, causes poisoning and contaminated environment, causes easily that also human body poisons.Thereby seek effectively and can reduce the microbial insecticide preparation of environmental pollution, necessary.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.) is though be widely used in preventing and treating vegetable-crop pest-insect (diamond-back moth and cabbage caterpillar), and the prodenia litura of Spodoptera and beet armyworm are insensitive to bacillus thuringiensis (Bt.).Some studies show that virus is most promising microbial control thing in the comprehensive regulation of nocturnal moth class insect.

Insect viruses are the pathogenicity natural enemies that suppress pest population.Pathogenicity is strong, and is free from environmental pollution to natural enemies security, but long preservation, and have similar application process to chemical insecticide, especially it can cause epidemic disease and the long-term control pest density in pest population.So far, do not find that as yet insect develops immunity to drugs to viral insecticide.Therefore, it is the strong means of BIOLOGICAL CONTROL insect, obtains the extensive attention and the research of countries in the world.

Plant is the natural treasure-house of bioactive compound, the secondary metabolite of its generation surpasses 400,000 kind, the amino acid of most of chemical substances wherein such as terpenes, alkaloid, flavonoids, steroidal, phenols, uniqueness and polysaccharide etc. all have desinsection or antibacterial activity.Grange and Ahmed (1988) once reported has 2400 plant species to have the activity of control pest approximately, and these were done Investigational plant only to account for the whole world existing floristic 10% on chemical property, and therefore developing plant resources, to be used for the prospect of PCO very wide.From plant, seek new active guide's thing or new action target, carry out the focus that the exploitation of novel pesticide has become current chemistry of pesticide and pesticide toxicology research by analogizing synthetic or biological appropriate design.

The cost of the new chemical pesticide of investment research comes height more at present, and success rate constantly descends, and its difficulty and risk are all strengthening.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, the nineteen ninety exploitation of a chemical pesticide drops into from the 4000-5000 of the sixties in last century and is increased to 8,000 ten thousand dollars for ten thousand dollars, and success rate dropped to 1: 20000 from 1: 5000.The development of world today's chemical pesticide has been dead state, has only only a few major company to invest.Even these major companies also all drop into the development that the part fund is used for biopesticide as Switzerland Shandeshi, Dupont etc. from the nineties in last century.And the required input of the research and development of biopesticide only is 1/30 of a chemical pesticide.

Botanical pesticide and viral insecticide are as the important component part of biopesticide, because of it has efficiently, advantage such as a little less than low toxicity or nontoxic, pollution-free, the pesticide resistance, under the situation that current environmental protection and agricultural ecosystem come into one's own day by day, be regarded as the main means of pest control.Therefore the research and development utilization about plant insecticide and microbial pesticide also becomes one of important field of research.

Summary of the invention

The composite biological insecticide that a kind of safety is good, drug effect is high that provides for the deficiency that remedies two class biopesticides is provided.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

A kind of composite insecticide is characterized in that it is to be mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure by plant extraction liquid and nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid, and its volume ratio is: plant extraction liquid: nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid is 1～9: 9～1.

The method for preparing above-mentioned insecticide comprises following steps:

The preparation of a, plant extraction liquid

Take by weighing a certain amount of plant drymeal and place wide-mouth bottle, add solvent, under room temperature, soak 12h, take out immersion liquid, add solvent soaking 12h again, repeat lixiviate 3 times, use solvent washing residue 2 times, filter the back with filter paper and merge whole filtrates; Filtrate concentrates through rotary evaporator, and evaporating temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, adds 1ml water constant volume with 1 gram dry powder, obtains mother liquor, and with the mother liquor sealing be stored in 0-4 ℃ stand-by down.

The preparation of b, viral liquid

The caryogram polyhedron that to purify from the beet armyworm worm corpse that the field natural infection causes death is diluted to variable concentrations respectively, feed 4 instar larvaes of indoors artificial mass rearing, specific practice: quantitatively drip viral liquid on the artificial feed surface, every processing repeats 20 larvas of every repetition 2 times, every test tube is raised worm two, raise poison and change nontoxic feed after 48 hours, observe the larva incidence every day, collect the disease worm before frequency is dead, add sterile water after the body surface sterilization, put 4 ℃ and preserve down.

Take by weighing quantitative sick worm corpse and add 2-3 times of sterile water dilution, grind twice,, get filtrate for later use with 2 layers of filtered through gauze with mortar; Take out the filtrate adding distil water by dilution in 1: 10, mixed liquor is used centrifugal 30 minutes of 3200r/min earlier, abandon supernatant, precipitation adds an amount of 0.1% neutral liquid detergent and suspends fully, through low speed 400r/min centrifugal 4 minutes, get supernatant, centrifugal 2-3 time of repeated washing gets pure nuclear polyhedrosis virus, adds 100ml water constant volume with the sick worm corpse of 1 gram, obtain mother liquor, put 4 ℃ and descend stand-by.

The preparation of c, composite insecticide

With plant extraction liquid and nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid in 1～9: 9～1 ratio is mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure, obtains composite insecticide.

Described solvent is ethanol, acetone or ether.

Embodiment

1, the preparation of viral liquid

The caryogram polyhedron that to purify from the beet armyworm worm corpse that the field natural infection causes death is diluted to variable concentrations respectively, feed 4 instar larvaes of indoors artificial mass rearing, specific practice: quantitatively drip viral liquid on the artificial feed surface, every processing repeats 20 larvas of every repetition 2 times, every test tube is raised worm two, raise poison and change nontoxic feed after 48 hours, observe the larva incidence every day, collect the disease worm before frequency is dead, add sterile water after the body surface sterilization, put 4 ℃ and preserve down;

2, the preparation of plant extraction liquid

Embodiment 1

Take by weighing a certain amount of capsicum dry powder and place the 1000ml wide-mouth bottle, the alcohol solvent of adding 90%, under room temperature, soak 12h, take out immersion liquid, add 90% alcohol solvent again and soak 12h, so repeat lixiviate 3 times, with 90% alcohol solvent flushing residue 2 times, filter the whole filtrates of back merging then with filter paper.Filtrate concentrates through rotary evaporator (45-50 ℃), adds 1ml water constant volume with 1 gram dry powder at last and produces mother liquor, and mother liquor is sealed in the refrigerator that is stored in 0-4 ℃ stand-by.

Embodiment 2

Take by weighing a certain amount of trifoliate jewelvine dry powder and place the 1000ml wide-mouth bottle, the acetone solvent of adding 90%, under room temperature, soak 12h, take out immersion liquid, add 90% acetone solvent again and soak 12h, so repeat lixiviate 3 times, with 90% acetone solvent flushing residue 2 times, filter the whole filtrates of back merging then with filter paper.Filtrate concentrates through rotary evaporator (45-50 ℃), adds 1ml water constant volume with 1 gram dry powder at last and produces mother liquor, and mother liquor is sealed in the refrigerator that is stored in 0-4 ℃ stand-by.

3, the preparation of composite insecticide

Capsicum extract is mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure in 2: 8 ratio with nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid, obtain composite insecticide; The trifoliate jewelvine extract is mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure in 8: 2 ratio with nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid, obtain composite insecticide.

The present invention has higher virulence, has shortened the desinsection time, has improved insecticidal effect, compares with the single agent of plant, has obvious synergistic effect, and pure relatively virus formulation has reduced production cost, has very big market development potentiality.

Result of the test

Nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid and capsicum extract proportioning test result (volume ratio)

Nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid and trifoliate jewelvine extract proportioning test result (volume ratio)

Select above-mentioned test data (concentration logarithm X, corrected mortality Y) to carry out toxicity regression and measure, its result is as follows:

(unit: mg/ml)

^*LC ₅₀For killing the individual needed concentration of population 50%; LC ₉₅For killing the individual needed concentration of population 95%.

Co-toxicity coefficient computing formula and result:

The toxicity index of co-toxicity coefficient=actual measurement/theoretic toxicity index * 100

The LC of the single agent of toxicity index=standard ₅₀The LC of/reagent agent ₅₀* 100

The LC of the single agent of the toxicity index of actual measurement=standard ₅₀The LC of/mixture ₅₀* 100

Toxicity index * single agent 2 of toxicity index * single agent 1 shared percentage+single agent 2 in composite insecticide of theoretical toxicity index=single agent 1 shared percentage in composite insecticide

Wherein: co-toxicity coefficient is significantly greater than 100 for synergistic effect, near or be slightly less than 100 and be summation action, be antagonism significantly less than 100.

Co-toxicity coefficient

Claims

1, a kind of composite insecticide is characterized in that it is to be mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure by plant extraction liquid and nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid, and its volume ratio is: plant extraction liquid: nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid is 1～9: 9～1; Its preparation method comprises following steps:

The preparation of a, plant extraction liquid

Take by weighing a certain amount of plant drymeal and place wide-mouth bottle, add solvent, under room temperature, soak 12h, take out immersion liquid, add solvent soaking 12h again, repeat lixiviate 3 times, use solvent washing residue 2 times, filter the back with filter paper and merge whole filtrates; Filtrate concentrates through rotary evaporator, and evaporating temperature is controlled at 45-50 ℃, adds 1ml water constant volume with 1 gram dry powder, obtains mother liquor, and with the mother liquor sealing be stored in 0-4 ℃ stand-by down;

The preparation of b, viral liquid

The caryogram polyhedron that to purify from the beet armyworm worm corpse that the field natural infection causes death is diluted to variable concentrations respectively, feed 4 instar larvaes of indoors artificial mass rearing, specific practice: quantitatively drip viral liquid on the artificial feed surface, every processing repeats 20 larvas of every repetition 2 times, each test tube is raised worm two, raise poison and change nontoxic feed after 48 hours, observe the larva incidence every day, collect the disease worm before frequency is dead, add sterile water after the body surface sterilization, put 4 ℃ and preserve down;

Take by weighing quantitative sick worm corpse and add 2-3 times of sterile water dilution, grind twice,, get filtrate for later use with 2 layers of filtered through gauze with mortar; Take out the filtrate adding distil water by dilution in 1: 10, mixed liquor is used centrifugal 30 minutes of 3200r/min earlier, abandon supernatant, precipitation adds an amount of 0.1% neutral liquid detergent and suspends fully, through low speed 400r/min centrifugal 4 minutes, get supernatant, centrifugal 2-3 time of repeated washing gets pure nuclear polyhedrosis virus, adds 100ml water constant volume with the sick worm corpse of 1 gram, obtain mother liquor, put 4 ℃ and descend stand-by;

The preparation of c, composite insecticide

With plant extraction liquid and nuclear polyhedrosis virus liquid in 1～9: 9～1 ratio is mixed under normal temperature, normal pressure, obtains composite insecticide;

Wherein: described plant extraction liquid is capsicum extract and trifoliate jewelvine extract.

2, composite insecticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that described solvent is ethanol, acetone or ether.