CN100430743C - Directional and positioning testing device for fault of direct application type cable sheath - Google Patents
Directional and positioning testing device for fault of direct application type cable sheath Download PDFInfo
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- CN100430743C CN100430743C CNB2004100355950A CN200410035595A CN100430743C CN 100430743 C CN100430743 C CN 100430743C CN B2004100355950 A CNB2004100355950 A CN B2004100355950A CN 200410035595 A CN200410035595 A CN 200410035595A CN 100430743 C CN100430743 C CN 100430743C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a directional and positioning measuring method for faults of a direct-coating type cable sheath and a measuring device thereof, which belongs to the field of the detection of electric faults. The present invention is characterized in that a voltage pulse generating device is arranged between a fault core wire on any end of a fault cable or a steel armor and the ground to periodically exert voltage pulse signals for generating step voltage pulses in soil or on the ground with the cable; a pulse voltage detecting device is used for measuring the polarity and the voltage amplitude value of the step voltage pulses in soil or on the ground with the cable. The direction and specific position of a fault point can be determined by detecting the polarity and the voltage amplitude value of the step voltage pulses. The testing method of the present invention can not damage cables, and the measuring device in use has the advantages of low cost, convenient and rapid use, simple operation and direct viewing. Therefore, the present invention can simultaneously satisfy rapid orientation and precise point-determining measurement of faults of direct-coating type power cable sheathes, and can be widely used for the fields of positioning and orientating fault points of various direct-coating type cables.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field of detecting of electric fault, the position and orientation that relates in particular to a kind of straight applying/plow-in cable trouble spot detects.
Background technology
The cable that is used for electric power transfer and distribution is called power cable.
Along with the progress of society and the development of industrial and agricultural production, cable consumption shared ratio in whole power transmission lines improves day by day, and cable is compared with overhead transmission line, has following major advantage:
1. send electric reliability height, be not subject to the influence of surrounding environment and pollution;
2. insulation distance is little between line, takes up an area of to lack noiseless electric wave;
3. during underground laying, do not take up an area of face and space, both safe and reliable, be difficult for again giving away one's position.
For the consideration of construction cost and other various factorss, the underground direct-buried mode of main system of laying multiselect that power cable is present.
But, cable, particularly direct-burried/direct application type cable, the relatively deficiency of difficulty is sought and is keeped in repair in the survey that exists cable fault, especially for the fast measuring and the accurate orientation problem of cable grounding fault, be a difficult problem that is perplexing power industry relevant technologies personnel and maintenance personal always.
At present, the fault localization of power cable and location mainly contain following several method:
1. bridge method: this method is to utilize electrical bridge principle, carries out fault localization by the resistance that calculates earthing cable.But this method is bigger than normal to the high resistance ground range error, the wiring complexity, and the cable opposite end needs personnel to cooperate.
2. sound magnetic-synchro method: this method uses high-tension apparatus to make Method of Cable Trouble Point disruptive discharge, utilizes receiver record discharge sound, and with field signal it is carried out synchronously, by analysis sound waveform or earphone fault is found range and is fixed a point.But this method can only obtain the voice signal of about 2～3 meters distances of distance fault point, and field personnel's technical quality is had relatively high expectations.
3. binary channels Shock Pulse Method: this method is by applying high-voltage pulse to cable, produce puncture in the trouble spot, externally generate electromagnetic waves in the time of disruptive discharge and sound simultaneously, utilize the electromagnetism of pulse detection device detector trouble spot and voice signal to carry out localization of fault.Its existence can only " locate " can not " orientation " shortcoming, do not know cable accurately move towards/situation in path under, be difficult to carry out.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides orientation and locating measurement method and the measurement mechanism thereof that simple, the used surveying instrument of a kind of wiring is cheap, can satisfy straight applying/direct application type cable sheath fault that direct burial power cable fault slewing/pinpoint is measured simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: orientation and locating measurement method that a kind of direct application type cable sheath fault is provided, comprise failure cable to be measured, it is characterized in that: between the fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground of the arbitrary end of failure cable, one voltage pulse generation device is set, periodically apply voltage pulse signal, make it in cable soil along the line or to produce one be the center with the trouble spot on ground, along cable louding " striding " potential pulse that successively decreases successively; With a pulse voltage sniffer, " striding " potential pulse in the cable soil along the line or ground is carried out the measurement of polarity and voltage magnitude; By detecting the polarity and the voltage magnitude of " striding " potential pulse, the direction of the localization of faults and particular location; Wherein, described " striding " distance is 50～100cm.
Above-mentioned voltage pulse generation device is middle pressure pulse generating unit; Described voltage pulse signal is middle pressure pulse signal, and the voltage magnitude of described middle pressure pulse signal is 5000V, and its pulsed frequency is 0.1～0.5Hz; Described voltage pulse signal is the underbalance pulse signal.
Above-mentioned pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe, and the pulse voltage sniffer is by the size of two spacings for " striding " distance and " striding " potential pulse probe of mutually insulated comes in the detection streamer soil along the line or ground " strides " potential pulse polarity and voltage magnitude.
The present invention also provides a kind of orientation and positioning measuring device that adopts the direct application type cable sheath fault of above-mentioned measuring method, it is characterized in that described measurement mechanism comprises middle pulse generating unit and the pulse voltage sniffer of pressing, wherein, press pulse generating unit to be arranged between the fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground of the arbitrary end of failure cable in described, described pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe, described " striding " potential pulse probe comprises the probe of two spacings for " striding " distance and mutually insulated, and described " striding " potential pulse probe inserts in the cable soil along the line or ground.
Particularly, press pulse generating unit to comprise power frequency supply, step-up transformer, rectifier cell, current-limiting resistance, capacitor and electromagnetic switch in described, wherein, power frequency supply is connected with the two ends of step-up transformer first siding ring, one end of step-up transformer second siding ring and an end of capacitor are connected and ground connection, the other end of step-up transformer second siding ring, be connected with the other end of capacitor with current-limiting resistance through rectifier cell, and be connected with the input end of electromagnetic switch, the output terminal of electromagnetic switch is connected with the fault heart yearn or the steel armour of failure cable.
Its described rectifier cell is the half-wave rectification element.
Described pulse voltage sniffer comprises power supply unit at least, every straight unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, two-way indication signal unit; Wherein, the input end of protected location is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe; its output terminal be connected successively every straight unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit and two-way indication signal unit, power supply unit provides power supply for above-mentioned each unit.
Further, described pulse voltage sniffer comprise the power supply unit that has switch, protected location, every straight unit, gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, indicator signal driver element, two-way indication signal unit; Wherein, the input end of protected location is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe; its output terminal be connected successively every straight unit, gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, indicator signal driver element and two-way indication signal unit, power supply unit provides power supply for above-mentioned each unit.
Compared with the prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1. be applied to the middle pressure pulse on the failure cable and do not require cable is produced continuous arc in the trouble spot, and pulse width only there is several～a few tens of milliseconds, therefore can not cause damage cable;
2. employed measuring equipment cost is low, easy to use, quick, simple to operate, directly perceived;
3. the bearing accuracy height utilizes the direction of LED bundle or pointer header indication fault point and the size of this potential pulse, according to the direction indication on the instrument, along cable detection, can find the trouble spot quickly and accurately;
4. can satisfy the slewing and the pinpoint of the cable sheath fault of straight applying/direct burial power cable simultaneously measures.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a method of testing schematic block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is " stride " synoptic diagram of potential pulse polarity and voltage magnitude size variation of trouble spot;
Fig. 3 is a device connection diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electric functional-block diagram of middle pressure pulse generating unit;
Fig. 5 is the electric functional-block diagram of pulse voltage sniffer.
Among the figure; 1 is cable under test; 1-1 is the heart yearn of cable under test; 2 is the trouble spot; 3 is the voltage pulse signal that applies between cable under test fault heart yearn one end and ground, and 4 are " striding " potential pulse along the line around the cable of trouble spot, and 5 is middle pressure pulse generating unit; 5-1; 5-2 is its output terminal; 5-10 is a power frequency supply, and 5-11 is an electromagnetic switch, and 6 is the pulse voltage sniffer; 6-1 is a protected location; 6-2 is every straight unit, and 6-3 is a gain adjustment unit, and 6-4 is an amplifying unit; 6-5 is noise reduction and filter processing unit; 6-6 is a converting unit, and 6-7 is the indicator signal driver element, and 6-8 and 6-9 are two-way indication signal unit; 7-1; 7-2 is " striding " potential pulse probe, and 8 is the earth.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1, cable fault of the present invention is directed specific as follows with locating measurement method:
Between the fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground of the arbitrary end of failure cable, one voltage pulse generation device is set, periodically to applying voltage pulse signal between fault heart yearn or steel armour and the ground, make it in cable soil along the line or ground produces one " striding " potential pulse; With a pulse voltage sniffer, " striding " potential pulse in the cable soil along the line or ground is carried out the measurement of polarity and voltage magnitude; By detecting the polarity and the voltage magnitude of " striding " potential pulse, the direction of the localization of faults and particular location.
When the polarity of " striding " potential pulse and the voltage pulse signal that applies is identical, can judge that the trouble spot is between the middle pressure pulse application point and check point of cable; When the polarity of " striding " potential pulse and the voltage pulse signal that applies is opposite, can judge that the trouble spot is between the other end and check point of cable.
When the voltage magnitude of detected " striding " potential pulse increases, illustrate that the distance between check point and the trouble spot is reducing, promptly check point is near Method of Cable Trouble Point.
When the voltage magnitude of detected " striding " potential pulse reduces, illustrate that the distance between check point and the trouble spot is increasing, promptly check point is away from Method of Cable Trouble Point.
Above-mentioned " striding " distance is 50～100cm.
Above-mentioned voltage pulse generation device is middle pressure pulse generating unit; The voltage magnitude of pressure pulse signal is 5000V in described, and its pulsed frequency is 0.1～0.5Hz; Described voltage pulse signal is the underbalance pulse signal.
Its described pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe, and the pulse voltage sniffer is by the size of two spacings for " striding " distance and the probe of mutually insulated comes in the detection streamer soil along the line or ground " strides " potential pulse polarity and voltage magnitude.
Among Fig. 2, apply on the heart yearn of the cable 1 of direct-burried in the earth 8 or steel armour 1-1 and press undersuing 3 in one, then can to produce one be the center with the trouble spot soil around the trouble spot 2 of cable or ground, along cable louding " striding " potential pulse 4 that successively decreases successively.
Both sides in the trouble spot, the polarity of being somebody's turn to do " striding " potential pulse is just in time opposite, and it is the variation of successively decreasing successively in the center that the size of its voltage magnitude can take place with the trouble spot.
Among Fig. 3, on the heart yearn or steel armour 1-1 of the cable 1 of direct-burried in the earth 8, connect piezoelectricity pressure pulse generating unit 5 in, in piezoelectricity press pulse generating unit through its output terminal 5-1 and 5-2 between fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground, periodically between fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground, apply in one and to press the negative pulse electric signal, make it in the cable that with trouble spot 2 is center soil along the line or ground produces one " striding " potential pulse.
With a pulse voltage sniffer 6, " striding " potential pulse in the cable soil along the line or ground is carried out the measurement of polarity and voltage magnitude; By detecting the polarity and the voltage magnitude of " striding " potential pulse, the direction of the localization of faults and particular location.
The pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe, the potential pulse probe that " strides " comprises that (" striding " distance is 50～100cm) and the pulse probe 7-1 and the 7-2 of mutually insulated to two spacings, and " striding " potential pulse probe inserts in the cable soil along the line or ground for " striding " distance D.
Among Fig. 4, the middle pulse generating unit of pressing comprises power frequency supply 5-10, step-up transformer B, half-wave rectification element D, current-limiting resistance R, capacitor C and electromagnetic switch 5-11, wherein, power frequency supply is connected with the two ends of step-up transformer first siding ring, one end of step-up transformer second siding ring and an end of capacitor are connected and ground connection, the other end of step-up transformer second siding ring, be connected with the other end of capacitor with current-limiting resistance through the half-wave rectification element, and be connected with the input end of electromagnetic switch, the output terminal of electromagnetic switch is connected with the fault heart yearn or the steel armour 1-1 of cable under test 1.
Among Fig. 5, the pulse voltage sniffer comprises the power supply unit (not shown) that has switch, protected location 6-1, every straight unit 6-2, gain adjustment unit 6-3, amplifying unit 6-4, noise reduction and filter processing unit 6-5, converting unit 6-6, indicator signal driver element 6-7, two-way indication signal unit 6-8 and 6-9; Wherein, the input end of protected location is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe 7-1 and 7-2 among Fig. 3; its output terminal be connected successively every straight unit, gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, indicator signal driver element and two-way indication signal unit, power supply unit provides power supply for above-mentioned each unit.
Above-mentioned two-way indication signal unit can adopt LED bundle or the first-class display format of pointer table.
The principle of work summary of orientation of the present invention and positioning measuring device:
Working power provides AC power for step-up transformer, power supply through half-wave rectification, charges to electric capacity through current-limiting resistance after boosting again, by the electromagnetic switch control capacitor, through tested cable periodic discharge is carried out in the trouble spot, to produce the required voltage pulse signal of test.
From the measuring-signal of step voltage pulse probe after protected location carries out voltage-limiting protection; by every the useless d. c. voltage signal of straight unit filtering; through gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit is regulated and amplify after; carry out noise reduction and Filtering Processing; obtain to reflect " striding " voltage pulse signal of trouble spot direction; this signal is by after the converting unit conversion, by LED bundle drive unit drives LED bundle, the level intensity and the polarity of voltage pulse signal shown.
When " striding " voltage pulse signal was negative polarity, the back was glittering to LED bundle, illustrates that the trouble spot is between the middle pressure pulse application point and test point of failure cable; When " striding " voltage pulse signal was positive polarity, the forward direction LED bundle was glittering, the trouble spot was described between the other end and test point of failure cable, but the direction of the localization of faults thus.
The glittering level intensity of LED bundle has reflected the far and near degree of test point distance fault point: test point distance fault point is near more, the glittering level intensity of LED bundle is high more, otherwise test point distance fault point is far away more, and the glittering level intensity of LED bundle is low more.
Both sides in the trouble spot, the polarity of " striding " voltage pulse signal is just in time opposite, therefore can realize the accurate location of trouble spot.
Embodiment 1:
Test condition: 25 ° of soil ground temperature, humidity is medium, and the potential pulse that pulse producer is applied between tested cable core and the earth is 5000V, and " striding " spacing of probe is 70cm.
" striding " potential pulse that preceding 30 meters record in the trouble spot is about 8mV, " striding " potential pulse that 15 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 200mV, " striding " potential pulse that 5 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 2V, " striding " potential pulse that 1 meter records apart from the trouble spot is about 40V, " striding " potential pulse that records at the place, trouble spot is 110V, and tested cable fault heart yearn only is 0.15M Ω at the resistance to earth at place, trouble spot.
Embodiment 2:
Test condition: potential pulse is applied between the steel armour of tested cable and the earth, and " striding " spacing of probe is 50cm.
" striding " potential pulse that preceding 30 meters record in the trouble spot is about 6mV, " striding " potential pulse that 15 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 100mV, " striding " potential pulse that 5 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 750mV, " striding " potential pulse that 1 meter records apart from the trouble spot is about 20V, " striding " potential pulse that records at the place, trouble spot is 80V, and tested cable steel armour is 0.12M Ω at the resistance to earth at place, trouble spot.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Test condition: " striding " spacing of probe is 100cm.
" striding " potential pulse that preceding 30 meters record in the trouble spot is about 10mV, " striding " potential pulse that 15 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 220mV, " striding " potential pulse that 5 meters record apart from the trouble spot is about 2.8V, " striding " potential pulse that 1 meter records apart from the trouble spot is about 56V, " striding " potential pulse that records at the place, trouble spot is 150V, and tested cable fault heart yearn only is 0.17M Ω at the resistance to earth at place, trouble spot.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
The present invention can be widely used in the position and orientation detection range of various straight applying/plow-in cable trouble spot.
Specific embodiments of the invention have been announced its preferred implementation, but are not limited to this kind embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art understands spirit of the present invention very easily according to the foregoing description, and makes different amplifications and variation.But only otherwise break away from spirit of the present invention, all in the protection domain of this patent request.
Claims (6)
1. the orientation and the locating measurement method of a direct application type cable sheath fault comprise failure cable to be measured, it is characterized in that:
Between the fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground of the arbitrary end of failure cable, one voltage pulse generation device is set, periodically apply voltage pulse signal, make it in cable soil along the line or to produce one be the center with the trouble spot on ground, along cable louding " striding " potential pulse that successively decreases successively;
With a pulse voltage sniffer, " striding " potential pulse in the cable soil along the line or ground is carried out the measurement of polarity and voltage magnitude;
By detecting the polarity and the voltage magnitude of " striding " potential pulse, the direction of the localization of faults and particular location;
Wherein, its distance that " strides " is 50～100cm;
Described voltage pulse generation device is middle pressure pulse generating unit;
Described voltage pulse signal is middle pressure pulse signal, and the voltage magnitude of described middle pressure pulse signal is 5000V, and its pulsed frequency is 0.1～0.5Hz;
Described voltage pulse signal is the underbalance pulse signal;
Described pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe, and the pulse voltage sniffer is by the size of two spacings for " striding " distance and " striding " potential pulse probe of mutually insulated comes in the detection streamer soil along the line or ground " strides " potential pulse polarity and voltage magnitude.
2. the device according to the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that described measurement mechanism comprises middle pulse generating unit and the pulse voltage sniffer of pressing, wherein,
Press pulse generating unit to be arranged between the fault heart yearn or steel armour and ground of the arbitrary end of failure cable in described,
Described pulse voltage sniffer is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe,
Described " striding " potential pulse probe comprises the probe of two spacings for " striding " distance and mutually insulated,
Described " striding " potential pulse probe inserts in the cable soil along the line or ground.
3. according to the described device of claim 2, it is characterized in that the described middle pulse generating unit of pressing comprises power frequency supply, step-up transformer, rectifier cell, current-limiting resistance, capacitor and electromagnetic switch, wherein,
Power frequency supply is connected with the two ends of step-up transformer first siding ring,
One end of step-up transformer second siding ring and an end of capacitor are connected and ground connection,
The other end of step-up transformer second siding ring is connected with the other end of capacitor with current-limiting resistance through rectifier cell, and is connected with the input end of electromagnetic switch,
The output terminal of electromagnetic switch is connected with the fault heart yearn or the steel armour of failure cable.
4. according to the described device of claim 3, it is characterized in that described rectifier cell is the half-wave rectification element.
5. according to the described device of claim 2, it is characterized in that described pulse voltage sniffer comprise power supply unit, protected location at least, every straight unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, two-way indication signal unit; Wherein, the input end of protected location is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe; its output terminal be connected successively every straight unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit and two-way indication signal unit, power supply unit provides power supply for above-mentioned each unit.
6. according to the described device of claim 5, it is characterized in that described pulse voltage sniffer comprise the power supply unit that has switch, protected location, every straight unit, gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, indicator signal driver element, two-way indication signal unit; Wherein, the input end of protected location is connected with " striding " potential pulse probe; its output terminal be connected successively every straight unit, gain adjustment unit, amplifying unit, noise reduction and filter processing unit, converting unit, indicator signal driver element and two-way indication signal unit, power supply unit provides power supply for above-mentioned each unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2004100355950A CN100430743C (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Directional and positioning testing device for fault of direct application type cable sheath |
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| CNB2004100355950A CN100430743C (en) | 2004-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Directional and positioning testing device for fault of direct application type cable sheath |
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| CN100430743C true CN100430743C (en) | 2008-11-05 |
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| CN109813367A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-05-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Optical cable |
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| 高压电缆非金属外护套故障测寻方法. 崔江静，梁芝培.中国电力，第34卷第2期. 2001 |
| 高压电缆非金属外护套故障测寻方法. 崔江静，梁芝培.中国电力，第34卷第2期. 2001 * |
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