CN100421135C - 电致发光显示器件及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

电致发光显示器件及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN100421135C
CN100421135C CNB2005100801871A CN200510080187A CN100421135C CN 100421135 C CN100421135 C CN 100421135C CN B2005100801871 A CNB2005100801871 A CN B2005100801871A CN 200510080187 A CN200510080187 A CN 200510080187A CN 100421135 C CN100421135 C CN 100421135C
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吴斗焕
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    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
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    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电致发光显示器件包括多条列线、多条第一行线和多条第二行线；所述多条第一行线与所述列线交叉并且施加第一扫描信号；所述多条第二行线与所述列线交叉并且施加第二扫描信号；在由所述列线和所述第一和第二行线限定的像素区域内形成有机发光器件；至少两个驱动开关用于驱动所述有机发光器件；迟于所述第一扫描信号施加所述第二扫描信号以激活所述驱动开关；在由于所述第一行线的电压变化而产生反冲电压；一反冲补偿电路用于抵消所述反冲电压，其中所述补偿电路包括具有相互连接的源极端和漏极端以及由所述第二扫描信号控制的栅极端的晶体管。

Description

电致发光显示器件及其驱动方法
本申请要求享有2004年10月6日在韩国递交的韩国专利申请P2004-79539的权益，该申请的内容在此引为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电致发光显示器件，特别涉及一种电流驱动型电致发光显示器件。
背景技术
各种重量轻，体积小的平板显示器件代替了阴极射线管(CRT)。平板显示器件包括液晶显示(LCD)器件、场致发光显示(FED)器件、等离子显示板(PDP)，电致发光(EL)显示器件和有机发光显示(OLED)器件等等。
OLED被分成无源矩阵和有源矩阵。有源矩阵OLED包括薄膜晶体管，而无源矩阵不包括薄膜晶体管。有源矩阵OLED(AMOLED)更适合用于大型和高清晰度的显示器件。OLED是一种电激荧光有机混合物以发光的自发光显示器件。其工作电压低并且比其他的平板显示器件薄。而且OLED具有极好的特性，例如视角宽和响应速度快。如今OLED应用于各种器件中，例如手机、汽车导航器和掌上电脑等。
图1所示为现有技术的电流驱动型电致发光显示器件的像素结构电路图。参考图1，电流驱动型电致发光显示器件100包括电致发光(“EL”)器件、开关部件10及数据线。EL根据电流强度形成像素。开关部件10包括开关器件S/W1、S/W2和S/W3并且控制施加到EL的电流。数据线DATA及第一和第二扫描线Scan1、Scan2向开关部件10施加信号。
第一开关器件S/W1包括连接至数据线DATA的漏极和连接至第一扫描线Scan1的栅极。第二开关器件S/W2具有连接至第一扫描线Scan1的栅极和连接至第一开关器件的源极的栅极。存储电容器Cstg设置在高电位电压VDD和第二开关器件S/W2的源极之间。驱动晶体管D-TFT具有连接到存储电容器Cstg和第二开关S/W2的源极之间的栅极，以及连接到高电位电压VDD的源极。第三开关器件S/W3包括连接至第二扫描线Scan2的栅极和连接至驱动晶体管D-TFT的漏极的源极。在第三开关器件S/W3的漏极和地GND之间连接有EL。
图2示出了图1的电致发光显示器件100的驱动波形。在图2的A区段中，向第一扫描线Scan1施加低电压，导通第一开关器件S/W1和第二开关器件S/W2。当第一和第二开关器件S/W1和S/W2被导通时，驱动晶体管D-TFT形成为二极管连接状态。电流通过驱动晶体管D-TFT流入数据线DATA中。
在B区段中，关断第一和第二开关器件S/W1和S/W2并且通过存储电容器Cstg导通驱动晶体管D-TFT，并在第二扫描线Scan2施加低电压以导通第三开关器件S/W3，以使得相应于一指定数值的电流流入EL中并持续一帧的时间。
图3示出了隐藏在电致发光显示器件100中的寄生电容器。在第二开关器件S/W2的栅极和源极之间形成第一寄生电容器C1，在第二开关器件S/W2的源极和第三开关器件S/W3的源极之间形成第二寄生电容器C2，在第三开关器件S/W3的栅极和源极之间形成第三寄生电容器C3。由于寄生电容器C1、C2、C3的影响，当第一开关器件和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W2关断时，产生DC电压偏置并且发生反冲效应(kickback effect)。具体地说，在第一开关S/W1和第二开关S/W2关断并且第三开关S/W3导通处发生反冲效应。
参照图4，反冲电压(kickback)在增大驱动晶体管D-TFT栅电压的方向上，在第一寄生电容器C1中被增强为ΔVp1，并且在减小驱动晶体管D-TFT栅电压的方向上，在第三寄生电容器C3中被增强为ΔVp2。因此，反冲电压可能不会完全抵消而将产生电压差“D”。电压ΔVp1和ΔVp2根据如下等式(1)、(2)计算：
ΔVp 1 = C 1 C 1 + C 2 + C 3 + Cstg × ΔVgs 1 ……………………………(等式1)
ΔVp 2 = C 2 + C 3 C 1 + C 2 + C 3 + Cstg × ΔVgs 3 ……………………………(等式2)
这里，ΔVgs1为第一开关器件S/W1的栅极和源极之间的阈值电压的变化量，ΔVgs3为第三开关器件S/W3的栅极和源极之间的阈值电压的变化量。
反冲效应可能导致图像质量的不均匀，所显示的图像根据它的特性而显现出不一致和不均匀。因此，需要一电流驱动型电致发光显示器件用以改善图像质量的均匀性。
发明内容
仅作为介绍，电致发光显示器件包括多条列线、多条第一行线及多条第二行线。所述第一行线与所述列线交叉并向其施加第一扫描信号。所述多条第二行线与所述列线交叉并向其施加第二扫描信号。第二扫描信号迟于第一扫描信号产生。在像素区域内形成有机发光器件，所述像素区域由所述列线和所述第一和第二行线所限定。所述电致发光显示器件包括至少两个驱动开关器件和工作以与驱动开关彼此补偿的补偿电路。访补偿电路用于补偿由于所述第一行线的电压变化所产生的反冲电压。在一实施例中，所述补偿电路用于根据所述第二行线的电压化产生补偿反冲电压。所述补偿电路包括具有相互连接的源极端和漏极端以及由所述第二扫描信号控制的栅极端的晶体管。
一种电致显示器件的驱动方法包括相邻于驱动开关器件安装反冲补偿电路，以及通过使用所述反冲补偿电路补偿由于所述第一行线的电压变化所产生的反冲电压。
附图说明
参考附图详细说明实施例，附图中：
图1所示为现有技术的电流驱动型电致发光显示器件的表示一像素区域的电路图；
图2所示为用于图1的电致发光显示器件的驱动波形；
图3所示为图1的电致发光显示器件中的寄生电容器；
图4所示为根据图3的电致发光显示器件的电压变化图；
图5为一电流驱动型电致发光显示器件的方块图；
图6A和6B为表示图5的电致发光显示器件的一像素结构的电路图；
图7所示为流入一第一扫描线的信号；
图8所示为流入一第二扫描线的信号；
图9所示为根据图6A的像素结构的寄生电容器；及
图10所示为根据图9的寄生电容器的电压变化值。
具体实施方式
图5所示为电流型电致发光显示器件500的方块图。参照图5，电流型电致发光显示器件500包括m×n个设置于矩阵图案中的像素。在DL1到DLm的m条数据线及n条第一和第二扫描线Scan11到Scan1n和Scan21到Scan2n之间形成一像素区域。数据驱动电路72向数据线DL1到DLm施加数据以及扫描驱动电路73向第一和第二扫描线Scan11到Scan1n，Scan21到Scan2n顺序施加一扫描信号。
电流驱动型电致发光显示器件500的像素结构将结合附图6A和6B详细描述。参考图6A，像素结构包括数据线DL、第一和第二扫描线Scan1和Scan2以及用于驱动像素的驱动开关器件80。该驱动开关器件80包括存储电容器Cstg。
驱动开关器件80包括第一开关器件S/W1、第二开关器件S/W2、第三开关器件S/W3、第四开关器件S/W4和存储电容器。在第一开关器件S/W1中，漏极连接到数据线DL而栅极连接到第一扫描线Scan1。在第二开关器件S/W2中，栅极连接到第一扫描线Scan1而漏极连接到第一开关器件的源极。在第三开关器件S/W3中，栅极连接到第二扫描线Scan2而源极连接到第二开关器件S/W2。存储电容器Cstg设置在高电位电压VDD和第三开关器件S/W3的源极之间。驱动开关器件80包括其栅极连接在存储电容器Cstg和第三开关器件S/W3之间的驱动晶体管D-TFT，该驱动晶体管D-TFT的源极连接至高电位电压VDD。驱动器件80进一步包括第四开关器件，其栅极连接至第二扫描线Scan2及其源极连接至驱动晶体管D-TFT的漏极。在第四开关器件S/W4的漏极和地GND之间连接有EL。第三开关器件S/W3的源极和漏极互相连接。根据上述的设置，如图6B所示第三开关器件S/W3可以等效为电容器。
驱动晶体管D-TFT以利用存储电容器Cstg补偿其自身电压的自补偿方式工作。存储电容器Cstg连接在晶体管D-TFT的栅极和源极之间。因此，在电流驱动型电致发光显示器件500中，相应于一指定数值的电流与相邻像素的驱动晶体管器件的特性变化无关而等量地流入各EL。此外，在向存储电容器Cstg充入数据而关断第一和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W1后，该数值保留一帧周期。
将结合图6A到图8进行描述该电流驱动型电致发光显示器件的驱动方法。如上所述，图2示出了用于电致发光显示器件的驱动波形。在A时段，向第一扫描线Scan1施加低电压，关断第一和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W2，如图7所示。这时，将高电位电压VDD充入到存储电容Cstg中，随后电流流入由第一和第二开关器件S/W1和S/W2形成的通路中。经由第一开关器件S/W1和驱动晶体管D-TFT，在数据线上汇聚与高电位电压和保留在存储电容Cstg上的电压之间的电位差一样多的电压。例如，在存储电容器Cstg上存储的电荷为2V而高电位电压VDD为10V，则剩余电压即为8V，流过驱动晶体管D-TFT并且该电压通过第一开关器件S/W1汇聚于数据线上。
在B时段，如图8所示，在EL中的高电位电压VDD流入第四开关器件S/W4，在这一时刻，指定数值的电流激活用于工作的EL。当施加到第一扫描线Scan1上的电压从低电压变为高电压时，施加到第二扫描线Scan2上的电压于是从高电压变为低电压。因此，第一和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W2被关断而第三和第四开关器件S/W3、S/W4被导通。迟于第一扫描信号的第二扫描信号操作以激活驱动开关。经由驱动晶体管D-TFT和第四开关器件S/W4向EL上施加高电位电压VDD并持续一帧周期中除A时段以外的一段时间。指定数值的电流从高电位电压VDD流入EL中。
图9所示为该电流型电致发光显示器件的寄生电容器。参照图9，寄生电容器包括第一寄生电容C1、第二寄生电容C2、第三寄生电容C3和第四寄生电容C4。在第二开关器件S/W2的栅极和源极之间形成第一寄生电容C1。在第二开关器件S/W2的源极和第四开关器件S/W4的源极之间形成第二寄生电容C2。在第二开关器件S/W2的源极和第二扫描线Scan2之间形成第三寄生电容C4，在栅极和第四开关器件S/W4的源极之间形成第四寄生电容C3。
当第一和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W2关断时，第一寄生电容C1产生在增加驱动晶体管D-TFT栅电压方向上的反冲效应。总体上，该反冲效应抵消由第三和第四电容C3、C4产生的在减小驱动晶体管D-TFT的栅电压方向上的另一反冲效应。在第一寄生电容C1中产生的在增加驱动晶体管D-TFT的栅电压方向上的反冲电压为ΔVp1，并且在第三寄生电容C3中产生的在减小驱动晶体管D-TFT的栅电压方向上的反冲电压为ΔVp3，而且，在第四寄生电容C4中产生的在减小驱动晶体管D-TFT的栅电压方向上的反冲电压为ΔVp4。如图10所示，总体上可以抵消反冲电压。第三开关器件S/W3可被确定为一个可以抵消在第一和第二开关器件S/W1、S/W2中产生的反冲效应的数值。
由ΔVp1、ΔVp2、ΔVp3表示的反冲电压通过如下等式计算：
ΔVp 1 = C 1 C 1 + C 2 + C 3 + C 4 + Cstg × ΔVgs 1 ……………………(等式3)
ΔVp 3 = C 3 C 1 + C 2 + C 3 + C 4 + Cstg × ΔVgs 3 ……………………(等式4)
ΔVp 4 = C 2 + C 4 C 1 + C 2 + C 3 + C 4 + Cstg × ΔVgs 4 ……………(等式5)
这里，ΔVgs1为第一开关器件S/W1的栅极和源极之间的阈值电压变量，ΔVgs3为第三开关器件S/W3的栅极和源极之间的阈值电压变量，ΔVgs4为第四开关器件S/W4的栅极和源极之间的阈值电压变量。
如上所述，该电流型电致发光显示器件可以防止不同大小的反冲效应。因此，施加到EL上的电流就可以是均匀的并且可以防止图像质量缺陷。因此，可能基本上全面改善图像质量。
虽然本发明通过上述附图中所示的实施例进行了说明，但是可以理解对于熟悉本领域的技术人员来说本发明并不仅限于这些实施例，在不脱离本发明精神的情况下本发明还可以有各种变型和改进。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求及等效物所限定。

Claims (12)

1. 一种电致发光显示器件，包括：
多条列线；
多条与所述列线交叉并接收第一扫描信号的第一行线；
多条与所述列线交叉并接收第二扫描信号的第二行线；
形成在像素区域的有机发光器件，所述像素区域由所述多条列线和所述多条第一和第二行线所限定；
驱动开关，能够驱动所述有机发光器件；及
补偿电路，能够抵消由于所述第一行线的电压变化而产生的反冲电压；
其中，所述第二扫描信号迟于所述第一扫描信号激活所述驱动开关，
其中，所述驱动开关包括至少两个能够由所述第一扫描信号导通的开关，能够由所述第二扫描信号导通的第三开关，以及其源极端连接至高电位电压的驱动晶体管，并且所述第三开关从所述驱动晶体管向所述有机发光器件施加电压，
其中，所述补偿电路包括具有相互连接的源极端和漏极端以及由所述第二扫描信号控制的栅极端的晶体管。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于：所述补偿电路用于根据所述第二行线的电压变化产生补偿反冲电压。
3. 根据权利要求1所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于：根据由所述第一扫描信号对所述两个开关的导通，所述驱动晶体管的电压施加至所述多条列线。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的电致发光显示器件，其特征在于：
所述驱动晶体管的栅极端和源极端与存储电容器的两端分别连接。
5. 一种电致发光显示器件的驱动方法，包括：
向第一开关和第二开关提供第一扫描信号；
向第三开关和第四开关提供第二扫描信号；
迟于第一开关和第二开关激活所述第三开关和第四开关；
向驱动晶体管施加高电位电压；
抵消由于所述第一扫描信号的电压变化而产生的反冲电压；以及
应用所述第二扫描信号激活有机发光器件，
其中，所述第三开关包括相互连接的源极端和漏极端以及由所述第二扫描信号控制的栅极端。
6. 根据权利要求5所述的驱动方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
使用所述第一和第二开关在增加所述驱动晶体管的栅电压的方向上产生第一反冲电压；以及
使用所述第三和第四开关在减小所述驱动晶体管的栅电压的方向上产生第二反冲电压。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于：所述抵消所述反冲电压的步骤进一步包括使用所述第二反冲电压抵消所述第一反冲电压。
8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
根据所述反冲电压确定所述第三开关的值。
9. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
在一帧内的第一间隔，使用所述第一扫描信号导通所述第一开关和所述第二开关；
经由第一开关和第二开关形成的通路，向数据线施加所述高电位电压。
10. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于：
所述抵消所述反冲电压的步骤包括产生一补偿反冲电压以补偿所述反冲电压。
11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
在所述帧内的第二间隔，关断所述第一开关和所述第二开关；以及
在所述帧内的第二间隔，导通所述第三开关和所述第四开关。
12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，进一步包括：
经由所述第四开关向所述有机发光器件施加所述高电位电压。
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