CN100419021C - Matrix material for making green by planting on housetop and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Matrix material for making green by planting on housetop and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100419021C CN100419021C CNB2006100193014A CN200610019301A CN100419021C CN 100419021 C CN100419021 C CN 100419021C CN B2006100193014 A CNB2006100193014 A CN B2006100193014A CN 200610019301 A CN200610019301 A CN 200610019301A CN 100419021 C CN100419021 C CN 100419021C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to base materials for roof greening and a preparation method thereof. The present invention is characterized in that the base materials for roof greening is mainly prepared by raw materials of foam urea formaldehyde macromolecular fertilizer adhesive, natural plant fibre and macromolecular water absorbent, and each raw material has the following portion number by weight: 10 to 35 portions of foam urea formaldehyde macromolecular fertilizer adhesive, 40 to 95 portions of natural plant fiber and 1 to 5 portions of macromolecular water absorbent, wherein the foam urea formaldehyde macromolecular fertilizer adhesive is made by frothing of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin frothing liquid in a frothing machine, and the weight proportion of the modified urea-formaldehyde resin to the urea-formaldehyde resin frothing liquid is 100 to 150: 40 to 60. The present invention has the characteristics of porosity, light texture, good integrity and low cost, and is suitable for roof greening.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of roof greening body material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Scientific research shows: roof greening can not only the beautifying city, the more important thing is that it becomes an effective means reversing the environmental degradation situation, also provides a valid approach for save energy simultaneously.Yet China's roof greening is subjected to the influence of numerous factors such as fund, technology, material, develops slowlyer, makes the roof major part in city all wear no make-up during an audience with the emperor.The domestic and international at present body material as roof greening mainly contains: plant ash, perlite, vermiculite; Foamed glass, foamed ceramic; Improve the soil, artificial soil, light weight soil etc.; Mostly there is problem of some like this in their, and, complex procedures big as unit weight, cost is higher, globality is poor, can not withstand natural calamities etc.; But the trend of roof greening body material is the light weight integration.Simultaneously, at present also there are some problems in the plant of roof greening, for example need fertilizer efficiency foot, moisture content many, manually keep an eye on, defective that maintenance cost is more high.The development trend that plant is selected be from the common flowers and plants of initial selection develop into use have heat-resisting, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant and less investment, the plant of properties such as afforestation effect is good, extensive management.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide low roof greening body material of a kind of porous, light weight, good integrity, cost that is suitable for roof greening and preparation method thereof, and the application of roof greening body material.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of roof greening body material, it is characterized in that it is mainly formed by foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent feedstock production, the shared parts by weight of each raw material are: foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent 10-35 part, natural plant fibre 40-95 part, polymer water-absorbent 1-5 part; Described foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is that modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid foam in foaming machine and forms, and the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: 100-150: 40-60.
Described modified urea-formaldehyde resin mainly by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 60-80: 100-180: 6-35, and the PH conditioning agent is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution.By the synthetic urea-formaldehyde resin of weak base (pH=7.0-8.5)-weak acid (pH=4.5-6.0)-weak base (pH=7.0-8.5) traditional technology modification, temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃ respectively, and 80-95 ℃, 55-65 ℃.
Described properties-correcting agent is any one or two or more the mixture in bicarbonate of ammonia, polyvinyl alcohol, phenol, Resorcinol, trimeric cyanamide, aniline, glycerine, propyl carbinol, furfuryl alcohol, hydroxy acrylate, isocyanic ester, Sumstar 190, butyleneglycol, hydroxy acrylate, the furfural etc., when two or more mixes, be any proportioning.
Described properties-correcting agent is hydroxy acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerine when mixing, and the shared parts by weight of each raw material are: hydroxy acrylate 10-20 part, polyvinyl alcohol 2-6 part, glycerine 20-40 part.
Described urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid mainly is made up of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material, and the weight ratio of each component of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid is respectively: 5-10: 100: 10-15: 3-5: 2-4.
Described tensio-active agent is any one or two or more the mixture in sodium lauryl sulphate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Tween-80, Span-80, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate etc., when two or more mixes, be any proportioning.
Described tensio-active agent is the mixing of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate and Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, weight part is: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3-7, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate 2-5, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate 2-4.
Fertilizer is any one or two or more the mixture in potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, the bicarbonate of ammonia, when two or more mixes, is any proportioning.
Described urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is made up of water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, and water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, each components by weight of phosphoric acid were respectively 100: 4: 3: 2: 8: 5: 4: 3.
Described natural plant fibre is natural monkey grass (or other plant fiber such as stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre), and length is 4-6cm.
Described polymer water-absorbent is any one or two or more the mixture in starch series, polyvinyl alcohol series, the polyacrylic ester series water-retaining agent etc., when two or more mixes, is any proportioning.
In the described polymer water-absorbent, starch series super absorbent resin is starch grafted acrylate, starch graft acrylamide etc.; Polyethenol series is classified low molecular super absorbent resin of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked organic or inorganic and the crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol water-retaining agent of crystallization as; Polyacrylic is classified acrylate monomer polymeric High hydrophilous resin as, the super absorbent resin of acrylic monomer and acrylic ester monomer copolymerization and the crosslinked super absorbent resin of polyacrylate.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of roof greening body material is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent: a), the preparation of modified urea-formaldehyde resin: by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 60-80: 100-180: 6-35, and acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and massfraction are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; B), the preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: the weight ratio by each component of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid is respectively: 5-10: 100: 10-15: 3-5: 2-4 chooses tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material and mixes and obtain urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid; C), be: 100-150: 40-60 chooses modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid by the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid, under room temperature (as 25 ℃), in foaming machine, foam foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent;
2), natural plant fibre surface treatment: processing is modified on the natural plant fibre surface by alkaline purification method, esterification treatment method;
3), by the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent 10-35 part, natural plant fibre 40-95 part, polymer water-absorbent 1-5 part are chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is distributed to natural plant fibre uniformly by the mode that sprays, apply one deck polymer water-absorbent at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural plant fibre complex matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, get the roof greening body material.
Natural plant fibre surface-treated mode has: alkalization, esterification treatment method, interface coupling process, surface grafting method, infiltration processing, polymeric coating etc., find best surface treatment aspect by aforesaid method, strengthen the interface adhesive effect of binding agent and natural plant fibre.The alkaline purification method of fiber is to remove and make the fento rotation angle to reduce with the part pectin in the natural plant fibre, lignin, hemicellulose and other low molecular impurity etc. are dissolved, fiber surface becomes and slightly makes, form many cavitys, strengthened the interface bounding force of fiber and binding agent; The esterification treatment on vegetable fibre surface can reduce the surface polarity of vegetable fibre, thereby improves the interface compatibility of fiber and polymkeric substance, and esterifying reagent is generally low molecule carboxylic compounds such as acetate, diacetyl oxide, maleic anhydride, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride.Esterification can improve the hydrophobicity of vegetable fibre effectively, removes the unformed composition of fiber surface, i.e. weak boundary layer, thereby the consistency between raising and fiber and the polymkeric substance.The interface interaction of fortifying fibre and polymkeric substance.
The alkalization surface treatment method and the technology of described natural plant fibre (monkey grass, stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre) are as follows: with the natural fiber massfraction of previously prepd 4-6cm is that 50% ethanolic soln is cleaned at 30-40 ℃ of oven drying at low temperature, be that 10% NaOH solution soaking 4h carries out alkalinisation treatment with massfraction then, wash with water to neutrality, oven dry is stand-by under 30-40 ℃ of low temperature again.
The esterification surface treatment method and the technology of described natural plant fibre (monkey grass, stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre) are as follows: with the natural fiber massfraction of previously prepd 4-6cm is that 50% ethanolic soln is cleaned at 30 ℃ of oven drying at low temperatures, be that 25% diacetyl oxide or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride are handled 12h with fiber at massfraction then, be 50% alcohol solution dipping again with massfraction, oven dry is stand-by down to wash the 30-40 ℃ of low temperature in back again with water.It is exactly to utilize diacetyl oxide and phthalic acid anhydride solution that the palm natural fiber is carried out immersion treatment that the surface esterification of monkey grass (natural fiber) is handled, and improves the hydrophobicity of fiber surface, improves the consistency and the interface interaction of itself and foam urea-formaldehyde resin binding agent.
A kind of application of roof greening body material places the roof with the roof greening body material, Crassulaceae plant on the kind.
That Green Roof Plants is selected for use is evergreen, heat-resisting, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, the impoverishment tolerant performance is good; Resistant to lodging, low-maintenance, vitality is strong, management is simple, extensive; The Crassulaceae plant (as 10000 years grass of Mexico, Linear Stonecrop Herb etc.) that has heat insulation and outstanding function such as intercept water behind big, the suitable soilless culture of fraction of coverage height, oxygen-supplying amount, the Cheng Ping.By plantation and the growth of Crassulaceae plant in the roof greening body material, form a greening system (as shown in Figure 2).
The present invention adopts mainly and is formed by foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent feedstock production, and foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is bonded to a monoblock, good integrity with natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent; Foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is that modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid foam in foaming machine and forms by foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, porous, light weight, have the required nutrient of green plants, but the polymer water-absorbent retaining provides moisture for green plants; Adopt foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and the whole light weight of polymer water-absorbent, be particularly suitable for roof greening; Material source is extensive, cheap, and production technique is simple, and production cost is low.
After by this greening system the roof being afforested, the tropical island effect in city, Greenhouse effect will reduce or even disappear, the roof greening effect is obvious, the overhead microclimate in roof is significantly improved, Air quality is obviously improved, carbonic acid gas, micronic dust content obviously reduce, and indoorly also seem cool in summer and warm in winter, reduce air conditioner load.This greening system is for roof greening provides a kind of brand-new greening mode, has improved the urban look and the environmental energy situation of China.The roof is also played the certain protection effect, the roof is alleviated expand with heat and contract with cold, prolong the work-ing life on roof.Have certain economic effect and social effect.
When the length of natural monkey grass of the present invention was 4-6cm, the mechanical property of roof greening body material was the most excellent, and the interface effect is the strongest.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation were established figure of roof greening body material of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the effect mimic diagram of roof greening body material
Among the figure: 1-polymer water-absorbent, 2-natural plant fibre, 3-foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, 4-Crassulaceae plant.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, according to weak base (8.0)-weak acid (5.5)-weak base (8.0) traditional technology modification synthetic urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein raw material urea: formaldehyde: glycerine: the weight ratio of hydroxy acrylate is 60: 120: 20: 15; Temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃ respectively in weak base-weak acid-weak base technology, and 90 ℃, 60 ℃, the time is controlled to be 30-60min, 50-70min, 30-45min; The disposable input of formaldehyde wherein, urea divides 3 addings (mass ratio is 6: 3: 1), and glycerine and hydroxy acrylate drop into when adding second batch of urea; Acid-alkali accommodation in the building-up process (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Get modified urea-formaldehyde resin.
Urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is made up of water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, and wherein each components by weight was respectively 100: 4: 3: 8: 5: 4: 3.
Weight ratio by modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 120: 50, to under urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid, foam under the modified urea-formaldehyde resin liquid normal temperature, urea-formaldehyde resin liquid and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid are sent into whisking machine foam, obtain foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent.
Monkey grass is cut the fiber that is respectively 1cm, 2cm, 4cm, 8cm for long, and then fiber surface alkalinisation treatment method, esterification treatment method carried out surface treatment to natural monkey grass, in order to improve the interface of fiber, the interface interaction of fortifying fibre and urea-formaldehyde foam.
Polymer water-absorbent is selected the mixing water-retaining agent of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked organic low molecular high water absorbent and acrylate monomer polymeric high water absorbent for use, and the two respectively accounts for 50%.
By the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 20 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 60 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent is chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent for 3 parts, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, then the mode of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent by spraying is distributed to uniformly on the natural monkey grass after the processing, natural fiber is bonded together (weight ratio of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent and natural monkey grass and the correlated performance of material relatively see Table 1), at last disperse the mixing water-retaining agent of layer of polyethylene alcohol and cross linking organic low molecular high water absorbent and acrylate monomer polymeric high water absorbent uniformly at the single face of material, so just finished the preparation of roof greening body material at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural palm fiber composite matrix.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind (as 10000 years grass of Mexico).By plantation and the growth of Crassulaceae plant in the roof greening body material, form a greening system (as shown in Figure 2).
Embodiment 2:
Synthesize urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein raw material urea according to weak base (7.5)-weak acid (4.5)-weak base (8.5) traditional technology modification: formaldehyde: polyvinyl alcohol: the weight ratio of hydroxy acrylate is 60: 120: 3: 15; Temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃ respectively in weak base-weak acid-weak base technology, and 85 ℃, 65 ℃, the time is controlled to be 30-60min, 50-70min, 30-45min; The disposable input of formaldehyde wherein, urea divides 3 addings (mass ratio is 4: 5: 1), and polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxy acrylate drop into when adding second batch of urea; Acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Get modified urea-formaldehyde resin.
Urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid composition is water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid composition, and weight ratio was respectively 100: 4: 4: 8: 7: 4: 4.
Weight ratio by modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 100: 40, to under expanding foam solution, foam under the modified urea-formaldehyde resin normal temperature, modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid are sent into whisking machine foam, obtain foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent.
Natural monkey grass is cut to 4cm long, natural monkey grass is carried out surface treatment by alkaline purification method or esterification surface treatment.
Polymer water-absorbent is selected crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol high water absorbent of crystallization and starch graft acrylic acid high water absorbent mixture for use, and the two respectively accounts for 50%.
By the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 10 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 40 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent is chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent for 1 part, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, the mode of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent by spraying is distributed on the natural monkey grass uniformly, fiber is bonded together, disperse crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol high water absorbent of one deck crystallization and starch graft acrylic acid high water absorbent mixture at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural palm fiber composite matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, so just finished the preparation of roof greening body material.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind (as Linear Stonecrop Herb etc.).By plantation and the growth of Crassulaceae plant in the roof greening body material, form a greening system.
Embodiment 3:
Synthesize urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein raw material urea according to weak base (7.0)-weak acid (5.0)-weak base (8.5) process modification: formaldehyde: glycerine: the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is 60: 100: 25: 4; Temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃ respectively in weak base-weak acid-weak base technology, and 90 ℃, 65 ℃, the time is controlled to be 30-60min, 50-70min, 30-45min; The disposable input of formaldehyde wherein, urea divides 3 addings (mass ratio is 4: 5: 1), and glycerine and hydroxy acrylate drop into when adding second batch of urea; Acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Get modified urea-formaldehyde resin.
Urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid composition is water, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid composition, and weight ratio was respectively 100: 3: 5: 6: 6: 5: 2.
Weight ratio by modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 100: 60, to under urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid, foam under the modified urea-formaldehyde resin normal temperature, modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid are sent into whisking machine foam, obtain foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent.
Fiber is cut to 4cm long, natural monkey grass is carried out surface treatment by alkaline purification method or esterification surface treatment.
Polymer water-absorbent is selected the high water absorbent mixture of starch graft acrylamide high water absorbent and polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked organic low molecular for use, and the two is any proportioning.
By the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 35 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 95 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent is chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent for 5 parts, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, the mode of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent by spraying is distributed on the natural monkey grass uniformly, natural monkey grass is bonded together, disperse the high water absorbent mixture of one deck starch graft acrylamide high water absorbent and polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked organic low molecular at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural palm fiber composite matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, so just finished the preparation of roof greening body material.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind (as 10000 years grass of Mexico).By plantation and the growth of Crassulaceae plant in the roof greening body material, form a greening system.
Embodiment 4:
Synthesize urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein raw material urea according to weak base (7.5)-weak acid (4.5)-weak base (8.0) process modification: formaldehyde: glycerine: hydroxy acrylate: the weight ratio of polyvinyl alcohol is 60: 110: 20: 20: 3; Temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃ respectively in weak base-weak acid-weak base technology, and 90 ℃, 60 ℃, the time is controlled to be 30-60min, 50-70min, 30-45min; The disposable input of formaldehyde wherein, urea divides 3 addings (mass ratio is 6: 3: 1), and glycerine and hydroxy acrylate drop into when adding second batch of urea; Acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Get modified urea-formaldehyde resin.
Urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid composition is water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid composition, and weight ratio was respectively 100: 4: 3: 3: 8: 6: 3: 4.
Weight ratio by modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 150: 40, to under urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid, foam under the modified urea-formaldehyde resin normal temperature, modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid are sent into whisking machine foam, obtain foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent.
Natural monkey grass is cut to 4cm long, natural monkey grass is carried out surface treatment by alkaline purification method or esterification surface treatment.
Polymer water-absorbent is selected starch graft acrylic acid and starch-grafted third rare acid amides mixing high water absorbent for use, and the two is any proportioning.
By the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 10 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 95 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent is chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent for 1 part, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, uniformly be distributed to fiber on by the mode that sprays foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, fiber is bonded together, disperse one deck starch graft acrylic acid and starch-grafted third rare acid amides mixing high water absorbent at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural palm fiber composite matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, so just finished the preparation of roof greening body material.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind (as 10000 years grass of Mexico).By plantation and the growth of Crassulaceae plant in the roof greening body material, form a greening system.
In the above-mentioned example, the performance of the urea-formaldehyde resin that different properties-correcting agent obtain relatively sees Table 2, and the surface treatment of fiber sees Table 3 to the performance impact of body material.
Table 1 fiber length and fiber and foam wt comparison body material Effect on Performance are relatively
| Staple length | M (fiber)/M (foam) | Water-intake rate | Environment resistant | Globality |
| 1cm | 95/30 | 2.4 | Good | Relatively poor |
| 1cm | 95/20 | 2.3 | Good | Relatively poor |
| 2cm | 80/25 | 3.2 | Good | Generally |
| 2cm | 95/30 | 3.5 | Good | Generally |
| 2cm | 95/20 | 3.3 | Good | Generally |
| 4cm | 80/25 | 6.8 | Good | Better |
| 4cm | 95/30 | 7.3 | Good | Better |
| 4cm | 95/20 | 7.2 | Good | Better |
| 8cm | 80/25 | 5.2 | Good | Fine |
| 8cm | 95/30 | 5.4 | Good | Fine |
| 8cm | 95/20 | 4.9 | Good | Fine |
The different properties-correcting agent of table 2 are to the comparison of urea-formaldehyde resin performance impact
The natural monkey grass of table 3 (or other natural plant fibre) different surface treatment effect contrast
In the different composite material matrix, the relevant environment parameter changes as table 5 behind the upgrowth situation of plant such as following table 4 and the roof greening by the Crassulaceae plant.
The upgrowth situation of table 4 plant in the different lengths fibrous matrix
| Matrices of composite material | 1cm | 2cm | 4cm | 8cm |
| The plantation situation | Relatively poor | Generally | Better | Generally |
The comparison of related data before and after table 5 roof greening
| Environmental parameter | Surface temperature | Atmospheric moisture | Carbon dioxide content |
| Difference before and after the greening | 4.2℃ | No change | 3.6％ |
Embodiment 5:
A kind of preparation method of roof greening body material, it comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent: a), the preparation of modified urea-formaldehyde resin: by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 60: 100: 6, and acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and mass concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Properties-correcting agent is propyl carbinol.B), the preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: the weight ratio by each component of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid is respectively: 5: 100: 10: choose tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material at 3: 2 and mix and obtain urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid; Tensio-active agent is a Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, and fertilizer is potassium primary phosphate, and parts by weight are 10.C), be by the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 100: 40, under room temperature (as 25 ℃), in foaming machine, foam foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent.
2), natural plant fibre surface treatment: processing is modified on the natural plant fibre surface by the alkaline purification method.The alkalization surface treatment method and the technology of natural plant fibre (monkey grass, stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre) are as follows: with the natural fiber massfraction of previously prepd 4-6cm is that 50% ethanolic soln is cleaned at 30-40 ℃ of oven drying at low temperature, be that 10% NaOH solution soaking 4h carries out alkalinisation treatment with massfraction then, wash with water to neutrality, oven dry is stand-by under 30-40 ℃ of low temperature again.
3), polymer water-absorbent selects starch grafted acrylate and starch graft acrylamide for use, the two is any proportioning.
4), by the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 10 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 40 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent are chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent for 1 part, foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is distributed to natural plant fibre uniformly by the mode that sprays, apply one deck polymer water-absorbent at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural plant fibre complex matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, get the roof greening body material.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of preparation method of roof greening body material, it comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent: a), the preparation of modified urea-formaldehyde resin: by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 80: 180: 35, and acid-alkali accommodation (PH conditioning agent) is that formic acid and massfraction are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; Properties-correcting agent is isocyanic ester.B), the preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: the weight ratio by each component of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid is respectively: 10: 100: 15: choose tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material at 5: 4 and mix and obtain urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid; Tensio-active agent is the mixing of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate and Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, weight part is: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3-7, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate 2-5, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate 2-4, fertilizer is Repone K, parts by weight 15.C), be by the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: choose modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid at 150: 60, under room temperature (as 25 ℃), in foaming machine, foam foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent;
2), natural plant fibre surface treatment: processing is modified on the natural plant fibre surface by the esterification treatment method; The esterification surface treatment method and the technology of natural plant fibre (monkey grass, stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre) are as follows: with the natural fiber massfraction of previously prepd 4-6cm is that 50% ethanolic soln is cleaned at 30 ℃ of oven drying at low temperatures, be that 25% diacetyl oxide or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride are handled 12h with fiber at massfraction then, be 50% alcohol solution dipping again with massfraction, oven dry is stand-by down to wash the 30-40 ℃ of low temperature in back again with water.
3), polymer water-absorbent is selected the crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol water-retaining agent of crystallization for use.
4), by the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: 35 parts of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agents, 95 parts of natural plant fibres, polymer water-absorbent are chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent for 5 parts, foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is distributed to natural plant fibre uniformly by the mode that sprays, apply one deck polymer water-absorbent at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural plant fibre complex matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, get the roof greening body material.
The roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind.
The bound value and the interval value of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent of the present invention, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent raw material can both be realized the present invention, and the constitutive material of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, the bound value and the interval value of each raw material can both be realized the present invention, other of natural plant fibre (as stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre), and polymer water-absorbent single or combination choose and can both realize the present invention, just do not enumerate embodiment one by one at this.
Claims (10)
1. roof greening body material, it is characterized in that it is mainly formed by foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent feedstock production, the shared parts by weight of each raw material are: foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent 10-35 part, natural plant fibre 40-95 part, polymer water-absorbent 1-5 part; Described foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is that modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid foam in foaming machine and forms, and the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is: 100-150: 40-60;
Described modified urea-formaldehyde resin mainly by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 60-80: 100-180: 6-35, and the PH conditioning agent is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution;
Described urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid mainly is made up of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material, and the weight ratio of tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid is respectively: 5-10: 100: 10-15: 3-5: 2-4.
2. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described properties-correcting agent is any one or two or more the mixture in bicarbonate of ammonia, polyvinyl alcohol, phenol, Resorcinol, trimeric cyanamide, aniline, glycerine, propyl carbinol, furfuryl alcohol, hydroxy acrylate, isocyanic ester, Sumstar 190, butyleneglycol, hydroxy acrylate, the furfural, when two or more mixes, be any proportioning.
3. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described properties-correcting agent is that hydroxy acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol and glycerine are when mixing, the shared parts by weight of each raw material are: hydroxy acrylate 10-20 part, polyvinyl alcohol 2-6 part, glycerine 20-40 part.
4. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tensio-active agent is any one or two or more the mixture in sodium lauryl sulphate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, when two or more mixes, be any proportioning.
5. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described tensio-active agent is the mixing of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate and Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate, weight part is: Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3-7, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate 2-5, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate 2-4.
6. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid is made up of water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, and water, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl alcohol polyoxyethylene (1-4) ammonium sulfate, Nonyl pheno (4) ether sodium sulfate 2-4, potassium primary phosphate, Repone K, oxalic acid, each components by weight of phosphoric acid were respectively 100: 4: 3: 2: 8: 5: 4: 3.
7. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described natural plant fibre is natural monkey grass, stalk, fiber crops or coir fibre, and staple length is 4-6cm.
8. a kind of roof greening body material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described polymer water-absorbent is any one or two or more the mixture in starch series, polyvinyl alcohol series, the polyacrylic ester series water-retaining agent, when two or more mixes, be any proportioning.
9. the preparation method of a kind of roof greening body material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
1), the preparation of foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent: a), the preparation of modified urea-formaldehyde resin: by formaldehyde, urea, properties-correcting agent, PH conditioning agent according to acid-alkali-sour common process modification synthesis modification urea-formaldehyde resin, wherein, the weight ratio of urea, formaldehyde, properties-correcting agent is 60-80: 100-180: 6-35, and the PH conditioning agent is that formic acid and weight concentration are 10% sodium hydroxide solution; B), the preparation of urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid: the weight ratio by tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and each component of phosphoric acid is respectively: 5-10: 100: 10-15: 3-5: 2-4 choose tensio-active agent, water, fertilizer, oxalic acid and phosphate raw material mix urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid; C), be: 100-150: 40-60 chooses modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid by the weight ratio of modified urea-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin foaming liquid, at room temperature, in foaming machine, foam foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent;
2), natural plant fibre surface treatment: processing is modified on the natural plant fibre surface by alkaline purification method or esterification treatment method;
3), by the shared parts by weight of each raw material be: foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent 10-35 part, natural plant fibre 40-95 part, polymer water-absorbent 1-5 part are chosen foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent, natural plant fibre and polymer water-absorbent, foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent is distributed to natural plant fibre uniformly by the mode that sprays, apply one deck polymer water-absorbent at above-mentioned foam urea aldehyde high molecular chemial fertilizer binding agent/natural plant fibre complex matrix uniformly at the single face of material then, get the roof greening body material.
10. the application of a kind of roof greening body material as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the roof greening body material is placed the roof, Crassulaceae plant on the kind.
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| CN101134803B (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2010-12-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Urea-formaldehyde foam plant cultivation substrate and method for preparing the same |
| CN101518201B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-11-21 | 张宇顺 | Greening environment-friendly plant growth bag |
| EP2617696A4 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2014-02-19 | Komatsu Seiren Co | Porous ceramic sintered body |
| CN102061059B (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-07-25 | 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 | Wood fiber reinforced inflaming retarding foam material and machining method thereof |
| CN102349435B (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2013-03-13 | 重庆天开园林景观工程有限公司 | Three-dimensional plant planting system component and construction method thereof |
| CN102283091B (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 重庆天开园林景观工程有限公司 | Acrylic resin culture medium for planting plant and preparation method thereof |
| CN102893848A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-30 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of light artificial soil material for green roof |
| CN103270929B (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-01-21 | 赵国成 | Water-retaining substrate cotton and processing technology and application thereof |
| CN103709601B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-04-20 | 辽宁盖亚科技开发有限责任公司 | Sheet material containing modified urea-formaldehyde foamed glue and the application of sheet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104355849A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-02-18 | 安飞 | Rice and vegetable seedling raising plate type nutritional substrate and manufacture method thereof |
| CN105885103A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 | Starch-base foam material and preparing method thereof |
| CN107318514B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2022-12-06 | 汇绿园林建设发展有限公司 | Inclined roof greening substrate fixing module and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109111750B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-07-07 | 华北电力大学 | Agricultural fiber material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1256857A (en) * | 1999-11-20 | 2000-06-21 | 胡立明 | Plant growing nutrient base material and the method for cultivating sedum lineare Thunb on roof by using same |
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