CN100416986C - 交通工具的电动驱动系统 - Google Patents

交通工具的电动驱动系统 Download PDF

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CN100416986C
CN100416986C CNB038147483A CN03814748A CN100416986C CN 100416986 C CN100416986 C CN 100416986C CN B038147483 A CNB038147483 A CN B038147483A CN 03814748 A CN03814748 A CN 03814748A CN 100416986 C CN100416986 C CN 100416986C
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wheel
balancing pole
drive system
electric drive
motor
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CN1663096A (zh
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厄恩斯特·利布
特奥多尔·黑尔姆勒
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Neugersdorf Mbn- Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Alpha Getriebebau GmbH
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Neugersdorf Mbn- Machinery Manufacturing Co Ltd
Alpha Getriebebau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/46—Vehicles with auxiliary ad-on propulsions, e.g. add-on electric motor kits for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/12—Motorcycles, Trikes; Quads; Scooters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/12—Motorcycles, Trikes; Quads; Scooters
    • B60Y2200/126—Scooters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及交通工具的电动驱动系统，该系统上的驱动轮直接或者间接地可旋转支承在交通工具的框架上。该系统包括由轮轴、轮轴承和轮毂组成的力传递单元、带有电动机的电动驱动装置，和与电动机导电连接并与供电单元和执行机构连接的控制单元。本发明的目的在于，以较少的技术开支和较低成本为传统的交通工具装备节能和不排放噪音和废气的驱动系统，该目的由此得以实现，即该电动驱动系统以及所包括的作为电动机的电动驱动装置这样构成，使电动机完全包括力传递单元，其中，其定子直接或者间接连接在交通工具的框架上，其构成轮毂的转子与驱动轮连接，而且转子的支承构成驱动轮的支承。

Description

交通工具的电动驱动系统
技术领域
本发明涉及交通工具的电动驱动系统，该系统上的驱动轮直接或者间接地可旋转支承在交通工具的框架上。该电动驱动系统包括由轮轴、轮轴承和驱动轮利用其轮辋固定在上面的轮毂组成的力传递单元、带有与驱动轮传动连接的电动机的电动驱动装置，和与电动机导电连接并与供电单元和执行机构连接的控制单元。
背景技术
尚配备内燃机的传统驱动系统的缺点是，其效率不够且排放很多的有害废气和噪音，特别是给人口密集区带来问题。
此外，所使用的古老动力燃料没有前途，也就是说，这种动力燃料将来不再可供燃烧基础上的驱动系统使用。
一方面，由于古老动力燃料有限的可拥有性，存在着对交通工具装备或者改装可选择的驱动系统的需求。然而，在初装或者改装时产生的高成本和技术开支又与其相矛盾。
另一方面，对于可选择的驱动系统来说，特别是对于电动驱动系统来说，存在着对该驱动装置尽可能要超过或者至少要达到传统驱动系统的这样一种高效率要求。
在现有技术中可以发现，对于电动驱动系统来说，尚未成功地将交通工具的初装或者改装费用通过组件的一种简单和价廉物美的更换来有利地构成并保证足够的效率。
因此，存在着一如既往需要提供表明上述缺陷的交通工具的全球大市场，特别是在两轮交通工具非常普及的那些国家和地区，例如像中国、台湾，·还有例如像意大利、西班牙等欧洲国家。
但现有技术方面非常明显的是，特别是在节电的电动机方面对新型驱动系统各部件的解决方案有了长足进步。
这里需要指出欧洲专利文献EP 0331180B1，文中介绍了一种高效电动机，它与相应的扭矩相结合实现了这种转速，在这种扭矩下驱动轮可以直接传动，而无需在电动机和驱动轮之间连接传动齿轮箱。
这种实现方式的优点是，例如直接连接的可能性和电动机与此相关的高效率，以及同样与此相关减少的部件数量降低了成本并提高了可靠性，在目前这个时间上只能在新交通工具的初装时使用，与此同时在此方面的制造和安装费用具有很高的数量级，这个数量级特别是在将电动驱动装置与分布在交通工具上的部件连接时产生的。在新或旧交通工具上加装这种电动驱动装置要么不可能，要么与不合理的高费用相关。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，以较少的成本和技术开支，将带有传统内燃机或者类似驱动系统的交通工具装备或者改装成带有节能和不排放噪音和废气的驱动系统的交通工具。
依据本发明该目的由此得以实现，即电动机这样构成，使电动机完全包括力传递单元。
在这种情况下，一方面使上面设置电整流线圈和构成轮轴的定子直接或者间接与交通工具的框架连接，另一方面使上面设置永久磁铁和构成轮毂的转子与驱动轮连接。
此外，转子分别支承在电动机的第一和/或第二支承内，该支承同时构成驱动轮的支承。
通过避免外部构成力传递单元和变速器和通过借助于直接驱动的低转速电动机取代高转速电动机的这种目的在于，除了明显更低的技术和成本适度的开支外，达到更高的使用时间和运行可靠性。
在某些交通工具中，借助于轮平衡杆进行间接支承，该轮平衡杆一方面通过平衡杆支承和另一方面通过例如中心弹簧支承这样的弹簧支承或者通过双弹簧支承与交通工具的框架连接。
依据本发明解决方案一有益的变化由此得以实现，即在驱动轮的借助于轮平衡杆可间接构成的支承中，属于电动驱动系统的组件这样构成，使属于该组件的部件电动机和控制单元与同样属于该组件的部件轮平衡杆机械连接，而且设置该组件取代传统的带有力传递单元的轮平衡杆。
依据本发明解决方案有益变化的一特殊构成由此得以实现，即电动驱动系统的轮平衡杆这样构成，使它具有里面设置控制单元的空腔。
例如轮平衡杆可以作为防水的框支架构成，在其空腔内设置控制单元。
依据本发明解决方案有益变化的另一构成由此得以实现，即采用后轮驱动的两轮交通工具的电动驱动系统由此构成，即轮平衡杆作为后轮平衡杆构成。
依据本发明解决方案有益变化的配合构成由此得以实现，即轮平衡杆单臂和弯曲构成。在这种情况下，平衡杆支承与驱动轮的径向中心线对中设置在轮平衡杆的第一弯曲末端上。
此外，在轮平衡杆的第二弯曲末端上设置上面固定驱动轮的电动机。
依据本发明解决方案有益变化的同样配合构成由此得以实现，即轮平衡杆这样弯曲，使设置在其第二末端上的驱动轮利用其径向中心线与轮平衡杆的第一弯曲末端的中心线对中。
附图说明
下面借助附图中示出的实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
图1示出电动驱动系统10，其组成部件借助于轮平衡杆1组装在驱动轮4直接构成的支承上。
具体实施方式
轮平衡杆1在其第一弯曲末端上具有中心设置的平衡杆支承7。在通过轮平衡杆的弯曲状态倾斜分布的中间部分上，可以看到中心弹簧5的固定件6。该固定件内接受中心弹簧5。
它一方面实现减振。另一方面它与平衡杆支承7共同实现在同样未详细示出的交通工具的未详细示出的框架上固定。
在轮平衡杆1的第二弯曲末端上，固定作为电动机9组成部件的定子2。在转子3上直接旋接驱动轮4。
控制电子装置8固定在轮平衡杆1的中间部分内或直接与平衡杆一体化。此外，该控制电子装置8一方面与电动机9的定子2电连接。
另一方面，控制电子装置分别电连接在电动驱动系统10外面布线的部件上，如未详细示出的供电和速度执行机构等。
附图符号
1  轮平衡杆
2  (电动机的)定子
3  (电动机的)转子
4  驱动轮
5  中心弹簧
6  固定
7  平衡杆支承
8  控制电子装置
9  电动机
10 电动驱动系统

Claims (4)

1. 交通工具的电动驱动系统，其上的驱动轮直接或者间接地可旋转支承在交通工具的框架上，其中，该电动驱动系统包括力传递单元、电动驱动装置和控制单元，其中所述力传递单元由轮轴、轮轴承和轮毂组成，所述驱动轮利用其轮辋固定在所述轮毂上，所述电动驱动装置带有与驱动轮传动连接的电动机，所述控制单元与电动机导电连接并与供电单元和执行机构连接，其特征在于，电动机(9)中的力传递单元被这样完全一体化地构成，一方面上面设置电整流线圈且构成轮轴的定子(2)可直接或者间接与交通工具的框架连接，另一方面上面设置永久磁铁且构成轮毂的转子(3)与驱动轮(4)连接，而且转子(3)分别支承在电动机(9)的第一和/或第二支承内，所述第一和/或第二支承同时构成驱动轮(4)的支承，并且在驱动轮的借助于轮平衡杆可间接构成的支承中，这样构成属于电动驱动系统(10)的组件，使属于该组件的部件电动机(9)和控制单元(8)与同样属于该组件的部件轮平衡杆(1)机械连接，而且设置该组件取代传统的带有力传递单元的轮平衡杆，并且其中采用后轮驱动的两轮交通工具的电动驱动系统(10)由此构成，即轮平衡杆(1)作为后轮平衡杆构成。
2. 按权利要求1所述的电动驱动系统，其中，电动驱动系统(10)的轮平衡杆(1)这样构成，使它具有里面设置控制单元(8)的空腔。
3. 按权利要求1所述的电动驱动系统，其中，轮平衡杆(1)单臂且弯曲构成，其中，平衡杆支承(7)与驱动轮(4)的径向中心线对中设置在轮平衡杆(1)的第一弯曲末端上，而且在轮平衡杆(1)的第二弯曲末端上设置上面固定驱动轮(4)的电动机(9)。
4. 按权利要求3所述的电动驱动系统，其中，轮平衡杆(1)这样弯曲，使设置在其第二末端上的驱动轮(4)利用其径向中心线与轮平衡杆(1)的第一弯曲末端的中心线对中。
CNB038147483A 2002-04-23 2003-04-16 交通工具的电动驱动系统 Expired - Fee Related CN100416986C (zh)

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DE10218140A DE10218140A1 (de) 2002-04-23 2002-04-23 Elektroantriebssystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE10218140.3 2002-04-23

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US7828101B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2010-11-09 Radtke Jeffrey L Self-propelled wheel for bicycles and similar vehicles
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AU2003232611A1 (en) 2003-11-10
CN1663096A (zh) 2005-08-31
EP1497904A1 (de) 2005-01-19
AU2003232611A8 (en) 2003-11-10
DE10218140A1 (de) 2003-11-13

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