CN100416240C - Imaging method of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph and spectrograph - Google Patents
Imaging method of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph and spectrograph Download PDFInfo
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- CN100416240C CN100416240C CNB2005100961207A CN200510096120A CN100416240C CN 100416240 C CN100416240 C CN 100416240C CN B2005100961207 A CNB2005100961207 A CN B2005100961207A CN 200510096120 A CN200510096120 A CN 200510096120A CN 100416240 C CN100416240 C CN 100416240C
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Abstract
The present invention is a high stability and high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph and its imaging process. The collimating lens converts the light from the target into a parallel beam and the beam splitter separates it into a reflected beam and a transmitted beam. The reflected beam is reflected in the rotating mirror and the corner reflector for several times, returned to the beam splitter and converged by the Fourier lens to the detector to form the first beam optical path. The transmitted beam is reflected in the plane reflector and the corner reflector for several times, returned to the beam splitter and converged by the Fourier lens to the detector to form the second beam optical path. These two beams have optical path difference to the detector so as to form interference spectrogram, which is Fourier transformed in the computer to obtain restored target image. The present invention has small instrument size and simple manufacture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of index glass formula interference imaging method of quick acquisition target interference spectrum and realize the spectrometer of this method, be specifically related to the formation method of a kind of high stability, high spectral resolution inteference imaging spectrometer and realize the spectrometer of this method.
Background technology
The Michelson interfere type time that imaging spectrometer early has French space space and strategic system branch to develop in 1991 modulate the aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, [D Simenoni.New conceptforhigh-compact imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (1FTS) [C), SPIE, 1991,1479:127-138.), the Michelson interfere type time modulation aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, [MichaelRCarter that developed in nineteen ninety-five in the sharp thing mole of U.S.'s Lawrence laboratory, Charles LBennett, David J Fields, etal.Live moreimaging Fourier transformspectrometer[C] .SPIE, 1995,2480:380-386].It adopts the linear reciprocating sweep mode, must turn to during each end of scan, treat stable after image data again.So, must provide corresponding relevant sampling collection of illustrative plates by a branch of reference laser during image data.Sweep velocity is controlled by servo-drive system, and provides retrace scanning when turning to, and along with the increase of sweep frequency, speed, becomes the pith of total scanning time two-way time.For the interferogram of being sampled accurately, the required bandwidth of servo-drive system sharply increases.And along with the increase of sweep velocity, resolution can be subjected to the restriction of above-mentioned factor.Because become the pith of total scanning time two-way time, dutycycle can reduce because of servo-drive system power, scanning device size, scanning device weight and the restriction of system stability time.For example, be the extremely difficult shuttle-scanning of realizing under 2.8 milliseconds the sweep frequency 360 times/second scannings, single sweep operation times.The return of 1-2 millisecond and stabilization time can be reduced to 33-50% with dutycycle.Under the very high situation of repetition frequency, will restrict the influential sweep length of resolution.Therefore, Michelson interfere type time modulation aerial image Fourier transform spectrometer, poor stability, complex process only is applicable to that space and spectrum time change slower target.
The imaging of tilting mirror interference spectrum is the time modulation type Mai Keerxun interference technique [J.PeterDybward of distortion, etal. ' ' New Interferometer Design Concept "; STCTechnical Report 2637, Science andTechnology Corp, Hampton; VA; undercontract#DAAA15-89-D-007, US Army CRDEC, APG MD; 8/92.], this technology is free sweeping in scanning process.Be that the tilting mirror rotation time only can obtain the interference light spectrogram in certain angle, and be that sky is swept in other angles.Inefficiency, and can only promptly can only scan point target single pixel sampling, can only be applied to the scanning of an angle light.
A kind of hypervelocity scanning Fourier changes infrared spectrometry [PeterR.Griffiths, BlayneL Hirsche, Christopher J.Manning.Ultra-rapid-scanning Fourier transforminfared spectrometry.Vibrational Spectroscopy19 (1999) 165-176.], though solved the problem that the tilting mirror sky is swept, but still can only be to single pixel sampling.If obtain line target or appearance target interference illustration, just must be in the anterior additional preposition scanning system of system, realization is to the scanning one by one of each point of target, gathers at last and obtains the interference illustration of whole target.The defective that exists is the system architecture complexity, and volume is bigger, Heavy Weight.Because real-time is poor, not only influence the quality of spectrogram, and sweep time is long, sweep velocity is low, and resolution is low, and the working range that is suitable for is also narrower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation method and spectrometer, it has solved can only be to single pixel sampling, inefficiency in the background technology, or system architecture complexity, low, the poor stability of sweep velocity, the technical matters that spectral resolution is relatively low.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of formation method of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph, its special character is: this method may further comprise the steps
1) collimation lens 1 will become parallel beam from the Beam Transformation of target;
2) beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I with parallel beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
T
1.. the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
FRepeatedly reflect through tilting mirror 3 and A corner reflector (5), return beam splitter 2, converge to detector 9, form the light path of the first bundle light by fourier transform lens 8;
2.. the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
TArrive plane mirror 7, repeatedly reflect, return beam splitter 2, converge to detector 9, form the light path of the second bundle light by fourier transform lens 8 through plane mirror 7 and B corner reflector (6);
Produce optical path difference when 3) the first bundle light and the second bundle light arrive detector 9 by fourier transform lens 8, become two bundle coherent lights, on detector 9, produce the interference light spectrogram;
4) the interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system 12 carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
The light path of the above-mentioned first bundle light can be
1) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
F
(i) reflexed to A corner reflector 5 by tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector 5 is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror 3 parallel with incident direction;
(ii) tilting mirror 3 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2:
(iii) the light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I again
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT:
2) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
FThe transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
FT, see through beam splitter 2 and arrive fourier transform lens 8, be detected device 9 and receive;
The light path of the above-mentioned second bundle light can be
1) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
T
(i) reflexed to B corner reflector 6 by plane mirror 7, B corner reflector 6 is the incident light edge direction reflected back plane mirror 7 parallel with incident direction;
(ii) plane mirror 7 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2;
(iii) the light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I again
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
2) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
TThe folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
TF,, be detected device 9 and receive by fourier transform lens 8.
A kind of spectrometer of realizing above-mentioned high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation method, comprise fourier transform lens 8, be positioned at the detector 9 on fourier transform lens 8 focal planes, the computer processing system 12 that is connected with detector 9, be arranged at the collimation lens 1 on preposition optical system 11 primary optical axis, be arranged at collimation lens 1 axis 00 ' on beam splitter 2, its special character is: it also comprises plane mirror 7, A corner reflector 5 and B corner reflector 6, the tilting mirror 3 that links to each other with motor 4: the position of described plane mirror 7 should be satisfied: when tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector 5 and B corner reflector 6 are when a certain location positioning
1) the folded light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; The first bundle light returns beam splitter 2 through tilting mirror 3 and more than 5 reflection of A corner reflector, converges to the light path of the first bundle light of detector 9 formation by fourier transform lens 8;
2) the transmitted light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
TBe the second bundle light; The second bundle light arrives plane mirror 7, through plane mirror 7 and more than 6 reflection of B corner reflector, returns beam splitter 2, converges to the light path of the second bundle light of detector 9 formation by fourier transform lens 8;
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter 2 is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter 2 and is coincided;
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter 2
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter 2 with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps;
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light;
The position of described beam splitter 2 also should be satisfied:
1) can receive initial incident light by collimation lens 1;
2) can receive reflected light through tilting mirror 3 and A corner reflector 5 reflected backs;
3) can receive the reflected light of plane mirror 7 and B corner reflector 6 reflected backs;
The optical axis of described fourier transform lens 8 is positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides.
Above-mentioned A corner reflector 5 is identical with the structure of B corner reflector 6, is fixed with one dorsad to good with both.
Above-mentioned detector 9 is good to adopt infrared eye, specifically can adopt the CCD infrared eye.
Above-mentioned tilting mirror 3 is suitable to be constituted by cylindrical angled end-face, and it is convenient to processing, installs.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. can realize high frequency sweep, and good stability.Adopt the rotary mirror type index glass, system's operation is continuous, and when sweep velocity was very high, because action of inertia, the rotating servo system still can keep stability preferably.
2. antijamming capability is strong.Because it is short to obtain the time compole of interferogram, system is low to the degree of vibration sensing, and the mechanical vibration frequency does not generally have influence to the quality of spectrogram.
3. the light path of corner reflector and tilting mirror coupling formation has the self compensation characteristic, thereby makes the present invention have better anti-interference.
4. scan efficiency height.Tilting mirror, rotates under the drive of motor as reflecting surface with a cylindrical end face with certain degree of tilt, and no sky is swept phenomenon, the scan efficiency height.
5. can realize that line target or appearance target directly scan.Adopt corner reflector, can not only scan primary optical axis light, also can scan light, can directly scan, shortened sweep time, further improved the quality of scan efficiency and spectrogram line target or appearance mark with certain angle.
6. real-time is good, and resolution is higher, and working range is wide.Especially be applicable to large-area scanning than general objective.
7. low in energy consumption, required driving more power is little.
8. structure is simpler.Adopt the design of corner reflector and plane combination, the one-piece construction of having dwindled instrument has greatly further alleviated the weight of instrument.
9. two corner reflectors that structure is identical are fixed with one dorsad, and the position is determined easily when assembling, and processing is simple.
10. the structure of two corner reflectors is identical, can offset the influence of the processing error that produces; Be fixed with one, avoided corner reflector location matches out of true to cause emergent light and the uneven influence of incident light, improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is high stable tilting mirror imaging spectral principle signal of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of imaging spectrometer embodiment of the present invention.
The drawing reference numeral explanation: the 1-collimation lens, the 2-beam splitter, the 3-tilting mirror, the 4-motor, the 5-A corner reflector, the 6-B corner reflector, the 7-plane mirror, the 8-fourier transform lens, the 9-detector, 10-is observed thing, the preposition optical system of 11-, 12-computer processing system.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, optical system of the present invention mainly is made of collimation lens 1, beam splitter 2, tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector (5)-6, preposition optical system 11 and fourier transform lens 8; Interference system mainly is made of with B corner reflector 6, plane mirror 7 and fourier transform lens 8 collimation lens 1, beam splitter 2, tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector (5).Detection system mainly is made of detector 9, and information handling system mainly is made of computer processing system 12, sees accompanying drawing 2.
Principle of work of the present invention: when tilting mirror 3 was static, the light beam on the primary optical axis was divided into two-beam by beam splitter 2, the equivalent optical path of this two-beam.When tilting mirror 3 rotates under the drive of motor 4, the folded light beam I that is told for the first time by beam splitter 2
F, after more than 5 reflection of tilting mirror 3 and A corner reflector, get back to beam splitter 2, the light path that arrives the first bundle light of fourier transform lens 8 again can change.And the transmitted light beam I that is told for the first time by beam splitter 2
T, after more than 6 reflection of plane mirror 7 and B corner reflector, get back to beam splitter 2, the light path that is arrived the second bundle light of fourier transform lens 8 by beam splitter 2 reflections does not change.The light path of two-beam no longer overlaps, and the light path that arrives detector 9 at last is no longer equal, thereby produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, produces interferogram on detector 9.Along with the rotation of tilting mirror 3, the optical path difference of two-beam constantly changes, and obtains the interference light spectrogram thus.The interference light spectrogram is after machine disposal system 12 is carried out Fourier transform as calculated, the target image that can obtain restoring.Tilting mirror 3 is high-speed rotation under motor 4 drives, and can realize high-velocity scanning.
Referring to Fig. 1, the axis 00 of collimation lens 1 of the present invention ' be positioned on the primary optical axis of preposition optical system 11.The initial incident light by collimation lens 1 should be guaranteed to receive in the position of beam splitter 2, can receive again by the light of tilting mirror 3 with A corner reflector 5, plane mirror 7 and more than 6 reflected back of B corner reflector.The position of the tilting mirror 3 that links to each other with motor 4 is provided with according to the actual design needs.The structure of A corner reflector 5, B corner reflector 6 is identical, and both are fixed with one dorsad.The position of plane mirror 7 should be satisfied: when tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector 5-B corner reflector 6 during in a certain location positioning,
1) the folded light beam I that told the first time on beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; It returns beam splitter 2 through tilting mirror 3 and more than 5 reflection of A corner reflector, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT, transmitted light beam I
FTArrive the light path of the light path formation first bundle light of detector 9 by fourier transform lens 8.
2) the transmitted light beam I that told the first time on beam splitter 2 of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; It returns beam splitter 2 through plane mirror 7 and more than 6 reflection of B corner reflector, is divided into folded light beam I by beam splitter 2
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT, folded light beam I
TFArrive the light path of the light path formation second bundle light of detector 9 by fourier transform lens 8.
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter 2 is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter 2 and is coincided.
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter 2
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter 2 with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps.
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light.
The optical axis of fourier transform lens 8 is positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides.Detector 9 is positioned on the focal plane of fourier transform lens 8.Detector 9 is advisable to adopt the infrared CCD detector.The thing 10 that is observed shown in Figure 2 is rockets, and it is the synoptic diagram that the present invention is used for the observation rocket wake flame.
The transmission course of light of the present invention:
1. arrive collimation lenses 1 from the light beam of target through preposition optical system 11, collimation lens 1 converts target beam to parallel beam; Parallel beam projects on the beam splitter 2 that is coated with semi-transparent semi-reflecting film.
2. beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I with light beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
T. wherein,
1) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
F
(1) reflex to A corner reflector 5 through tilting mirror 3, A corner reflector 5 is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror 3 parallel with incident direction;
(2) tilting mirror 3 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2;
(3) light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT
2) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
T
(1) reflexed to B corner reflector 6 by plane mirror 7, B corner reflector 6 reflexes to plane mirror 7 to incident light along the direction parallel with incident direction;
(2) plane mirror 7 is with light reflected back into beam splitter 2;
(3) light of reflected back into beam splitter 2 is divided into folded light beam I once more
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
3. the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
FThe transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
FT, seeing through beam splitter 2 and arrive fourier transform lens 8, the detector 9 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 8 focal planes receives.
4. the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2
TThe folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter 2 once more
TF, by fourier transform lens 8, the detector 9 that is positioned on fourier transform lens 8 focal planes receives.
5. the folded light beam I that tells for the first time of beam splitter 2
F, through tilting mirror 3 and more than 5 reflection of A corner reflector, return beam splitter 2, converge to the light path that detector 9 forms the first bundle light by fourier transform lens 8; The transmitted light beam I that beam splitter 2 is told for the first time
T, arrive plane mirror 7, through plane mirror 7 and more than 6 reflection of B corner reflector, return beam splitter 2 again, converge to the light path that detector 9 forms the second bundle light by fourier transform lens 8; This two-beam produces optical path difference, becomes two bundle coherent lights, produces the interference light spectrogram on detector 9.
The interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system 12 carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
Claims (6)
1. the formation method of a high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph, it is characterized in that: this method may further comprise the steps
1) collimation lens (1) will become parallel beam from the Beam Transformation of target;
2) beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I with parallel beam
FWith transmitted light beam I
T
1.. the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
FRepeatedly reflect through tilting mirror (3) and A corner reflector (5), return beam splitter (2), converge to detector (9), form the light path of the first bundle light by fourier transform lens (8);
2.. the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
TArrive plane mirror (7), repeatedly reflect, return beam splitter (2), converge to detector (9), form the light path of the second bundle light by fourier transform lens (8) through plane mirror (7) and B corner reflector (6);
Produce optical path difference when 3) the first bundle light and the second bundle light arrive detector (9) by fourier transform lens (8), become two bundle coherent lights, go up at detector (9) and produce the interference light spectrogram;
4) the interference light spectrogram as calculated machine disposal system (12) carry out Fourier transform, the target image that obtains restoring.
2. the formation method of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the light path of the described first bundle light is
1) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
F
(i) reflexed to A corner reflector (5) by tilting mirror (3), A corner reflector (5) is the light of the incident edge direction reflected back tilting mirror (3) parallel with incident direction;
(ii) tilting mirror (3) is with light reflected back into beam splitter (2);
(iii) the light of reflected back into beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I again
FFWith transmitted light beam I
FT:
2) the folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
FThe transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2) once more
FT, see through beam splitter (2) and arrive fourier transform lens (8), be detected device (9) and receive; The light path of the described second bundle light is
1) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
T
(i) reflexed to B corner reflector (6) by plane mirror (7), B corner reflector (6) is the incident light edge direction reflected back plane mirror (7) parallel with incident direction;
(ii) plane mirror (7) is with light reflected back into beam splitter (2);
(iii) the light of reflected back into beam splitter (2) is divided into folded light beam I again
TFWith transmitted light beam I
TT
2) the transmitted light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2)
TThe folded light beam I that is told by beam splitter (2) once more
TF,, be detected device (9) and receive by fourier transform lens (8).
3. spectrometer of realizing the described high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation method of claim 1, comprise fourier transform lens (8), be positioned at the detector (9) on the focal plane of fourier transform lens (8), the computer processing system (12) that is connected with detector (9), be arranged at the collimation lens (1) on preposition optical system (11) primary optical axis, be arranged at collimation lens (1) axis 00 ' on beam splitter (2), it is characterized in that: it also comprises A corner reflector (5) and B corner reflector (6), plane mirror (7), the tilting mirror (3) that links to each other with motor (4); The position of described plane mirror (7) should be satisfied: when tilting mirror (3), A corner reflector (5) with B corner reflector (6) during in a certain location positioning,
1) the folded light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter (2) of the light on the primary optical axis
FBe the first bundle light; The first bundle light repeatedly reflects through tilting mirror (3) and corner reflector (5), returns beam splitter (2), converges to the light path of the first bundle light of detector (9) formation by fourier transform lens (8);
2) the transmitted light beam I that told for the first time by beam splitter (2) of the light on the primary optical axis
TBe the second bundle light; The second bundle light arrives plane mirror (7), repeatedly reflects through plane mirror (7) and B corner reflector (6), returns beam splitter (2), converges to the light path of the second bundle light of detector (9) formation by fourier transform lens (8);
3) the first bundle light intersection point and second that returns beam splitter (2) is restrainted the intersection point that light returns beam splitter (2) and is coincided:
4) first restraint the transmitted light beam I that light is told once more by beam splitter (2)
FTThe folded light beam I that is told once more by beam splitter (2) with second bundle
TFLight path overlaps;
5) equivalent optical path of the light path of the first bundle light and the second bundle light;
The position of described beam splitter (2) also should be satisfied:
1) can receive initial incident light by collimation lens (1);
2) can receive reflected light through tilting mirror (3) and A corner reflector (5) reflected back;
3) can receive the reflected light of plane mirror (7) and B corner reflector (6) reflected back; The optical axis of described fourier transform lens (8) is by being positioned at the first bundle optical transmission light beam I
FTWith the second bundle reflection of light light beam I
TFOn the light path that coincides.
4. the spectrometer of a kind of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the structure of described A corner reflector (5), B corner reflector (6) is identical, and both are fixed with one dorsad.
5. according to the spectrometer of claim 3 or 4 described a kind of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation methods, it is characterized in that: described detector (9) is an infrared eye.
6. the spectrometer of a kind of high stability high spectral resolution interference imaging spectrograph formation method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described tilting mirror (3) is made of cylindrical angled end-face.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060722A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1992-04-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of rotary scanning interferometer |
| JP2004309402A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Mitsutoyo Corp | Interference measuring instrument and phase shift fringe analyzer |
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2005
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060722A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1992-04-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of rotary scanning interferometer |
| JP2004309402A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Mitsutoyo Corp | Interference measuring instrument and phase shift fringe analyzer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 转镜式高灵敏度干涉光谱成像仪ROSI. 袁燕，相里斌.光子学报，第34卷第6期. 2005 * |
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