The synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of resonant reset forward converter
[technical field]:
The present invention relates to a kind of synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of resonant reset forward converter.
[background technology]:
Along with the development of modern communications technology, low-voltage, high-current isolated form DC/DC converter obtains widely applying, and resonant reset forward converter obtains widely applying because of advantage such as topology is simple and reliable, and output voltage ripple is little.In the low-voltage, high-current application scenario, in order to improve transducer effciency, synchronous rectification becomes a kind of necessary solution.The driving of synchronous rectification is one of crucial factor that influences transducer effciency, therefore, a lot of corresponding propositions of drive scheme [1], [2], [3], [4], they come from respectively in the following documents and materials: document [1] comes from: [1] Alou, P.Cobos, J.A.Garcia, C.Prieto, R.Uceda, J. " Design guidelines for a resonant reset forwardconverter with self-driven synchronous rectification ", Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation, 1997.IECON 97.23rd International Conferenceon, Volume:2,1997, Page (s): 593-598vol.2.Document [2] comes from: Yee, H.P.Sawahata, S. " A balanced review of synchronous rectifiers in DC/DC converters ", AppliedPower Electronics Conference and Exposition, 1999.APEC ' 99.Fourteenth Annual, Volume:1,1999, Page (s): 582-588vol.1.Document [3] comes from: Xie Xuefei; Liu, J.C.P.Poon, F.N.K.Pong, B.M.H, " Two methods to drive synchronous rectifiers duringdead t ime in forward topologies ", Applied Power Electronics Conference andExposition, 2000.APEC2000.Fifteenth Annual IEEE, Volume:2,2000, Page (s): 993-999vol.2.Document [4] comes from: Xiaogao Xie J.M Zhang Guangyi Luo Dezhi JiaoZhaoming Qian. " An Improved Self-driven Synchronous Rectification for a ResonantReset Forward Converter ", 2003.APEC ' 03.Eighteenth Annual, Volume:1,2003, Page (s): 348-351vol1.1.The self-powered scheme is because simple and reliable, and cost is low, therefore obtains widely applying.Self-powered scheme that is adopted in document [1], [2] and key waveforms are as shown in Figure 1, after magnetic reset finishes, the drive level of secondary continued flow tube all was zero before following one-period begins, (be called Dead Time) in the meantime, output current flows through the body diode in parallel with continued flow tube, strengthen conduction loss, therefore reduced the efficient of converter.A kind of grid level electric charge that is called that document [3] proposes keeps self-driving circuit and key waveforms thereof as shown in Figure 2, adopting the drive level of resonant reset forward circuit continued flow tube during its Dead Time of this technology is high level, thereby guaranteed that output current flows through continued flow tube itself, thereby the reduction conduction loss has improved efficient.But we should be noted that, close at main switch S1 and have no progeny, and continued flow tube drive level rising edge is very slow, has also influenced transducer effciency.In addition, in shutdown, above-mentioned two kinds of schemes negative pressure can occur inevitably, also must adopt relative measures in actual applications, have increased the complexity of circuit.Self-powered scheme that document [4] proposes and key waveforms as shown in Figure 3, it has solved in the document [2] the continued flow tube drive level problem slowly that rises, and has further improved module efficiency, but that its circuit shows slightly is complicated, and has increased the design difficulty of transformer.
[summary of the invention]:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the above problems, and a kind of synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of resonant reset forward converter is provided, and its circuit is simpler, and is reliable, machine negative pressure can not occur closing.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of resonant reset forward converter, comprise rectifying tube, continued flow tube, first switching tube and second switch pipe, described rectifying tube and transformer secondary, outputting inductance, output capacitance constitutes commutating circuit, described continued flow tube and outputting inductance and output capacitance constitute continuous current circuit, be higher than the output voltage signal of continued flow tube drive level or boost after be higher than the continued flow tube drive level output voltage signal through the second switch pipe be coupled to continued flow tube base stage, second switch pipe on off state and continued flow tube are synchronous, the first switching tube output is coupled to the control utmost point of continued flow tube, and the on off state and the rectifying tube of first switching tube are synchronous.
Owing to adopted above scheme, the control utmost point that is coupled to continued flow tube through the second switch pipe greater than output voltage signal or its boost signal of continued flow tube drive level, thereby control continued flow tube rising edge level, improve module efficiency, in addition, directly control the conducting of continued flow tube through the second switch pipe by output voltage signal or its boost signal, its circuit structure is simple, and when shutdown, reduction along with output voltage, the second switch pipe is disconnected, thereby continued flow tube is turn-offed, thereby machine negative pressure can not occur closing.
[description of drawings]:
Fig. 1 is first kind of embodiment circuit of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-powered figure;
Fig. 1 a is first kind of embodiment key waveforms of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-powered figure;
Fig. 2 is second kind of embodiment circuit of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-powered figure;
Fig. 2 a is second kind of embodiment key waveforms of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-powered figure;
Fig. 3 is the third embodiment circuit diagram of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-driving circuit;
Fig. 3 a is the third embodiment key waveforms of prior art resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-driving circuit figure;
Fig. 4 is first kind of embodiment circuit diagram of resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of the present invention;
Fig. 4 a is first kind of embodiment key waveforms of resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of the present invention figure;
Fig. 5 is second kind of embodiment circuit diagram of resonant reset forward converter synchronous rectification self-driving circuit of the present invention;
[embodiment]:
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 4, and a kind of resonant reset forward converter, main switch S1, transformer T, switching capacity Cr, rectifying tube SR1, continued flow tube SR2, the first switching tube Q1, second switch pipe Q2, booster circuit and outputting inductance L and output capacitance.Described booster circuit comprises the driving winding.The transformer secondary, outputting inductance L, output capacitance C and rectifying tube SR1 constitute commutating circuit, outputting inductance L, output capacitance C and continued flow tube SR2 constitute continuous current circuit, the described first switching tube Q1 is switching devices such as NPN type triode or N channel field-effect pipe, described second switch pipe Q2 is switching devices such as positive-negative-positive triode or P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) pipe, described continued flow tube SR1 and rectifying tube SR2 are field effect transistor, the output voltage signal that drives winding is connected to the emitter of second switch pipe Q2 (positive-negative-positive triode), its output was received the emitter of second switch pipe Q2 after voltage on the described driving winding induction outputting inductance L and process were boosted, to produce the signal that drives continued flow tube SR2.The collector electrode of second switch pipe Q2 is connected to the grid of continued flow tube SR2, and second switch pipe Q2 on off state and continued flow tube SR2 are synchronous, second diode D2 and second resistance R 2 drain electrode that be connected to continued flow tube SR2 of its base stage through being in parallel.The on off state of the first switching tube Q1 and rectifying tube SR1 are synchronous.The control utmost point of the described first switching tube Q1 is first diode D1 and first resistance R 1 drain electrode that be connected to continued flow tube SR2 of grid through being in parallel, and first output end of switching tube is the grid that collector electrode is connected to continued flow tube SR2.The emitter of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the source electrode of continued flow tube SR2.
Resistance in the above-mentioned implementation and diode are optional device, and it can regulate the Dead Time between rectifying tube and the continued flow tube driving, helps optimization efficiency.In Fig. 4, this programme adopts triode to substitute the small-signal MOSFET pipe among Fig. 2 with the first switching tube Q1.And in Fig. 2 of prior art, must manage with MOSFET, this is because the drain electrode and the leakage current between the source electrode of MOSFET pipe are little, during Dead Time, can maintain the drive level of continued flow tube, and the leakage current between the collector and emitter of triode is more much bigger than the MOSFET pipe.Principle analysis from behind as can be known, this programme since the drive level of continued flow tube only with output voltage with to drive winding relevant with the turn ratio of outputting inductance,, thereby reduce cost so available triode replaces MOSFET to manage.
The operation principle of such scheme is as follows: in main switch S1 conduction period, the transformer secondary voltage makes rectifying tube SR1 and first all conductings of switching tube Q1, simultaneously, inductance both end voltage V1 and driving winding both end voltage V2 are greater than zero, the base voltage of second switch pipe Q2 is greater than emitter voltage, second switch pipe Q2 turn-offs, and output current flows through rectifying tube SR1.Main switch S1 closes and has no progeny, the continued flow tube SR1 and the first switching tube Q1 also turn-off subsequently, because the continuity of outputting inductance electric current, make the body diode conducting of continued flow tube earlier, inductance both end voltage V1 and driving winding both end voltage V2 are less than zero, therefore second switch pipe Q2 conducting, to the input capacitance of continued flow tube (referring to parasitic capacitance Cgs between continued flow tube grid and the source electrode and the parasitic capacitance Cgd sum between grid and the drain electrode) charging, after the voltage between continued flow tube grid and the drain electrode is greater than its threshold voltage, continued flow tube SR2 begins conducting, and output current flows through continued flow tube fully.After magnetic reset finishes, second switch pipe Q2 and still conducting of continued flow tube SR2.The drive waveforms of rectifying tube SR1 and continued flow tube SR2 as shown in Figure 4, they are complementary substantially, help improving the efficient of module, and the input voltage of the drive level of continued flow tube SR2 and module, the size of output current is irrelevant fully, only with output voltage with to drive winding relevant with the turn ratio of inductance, can design the size of continued flow tube SR2 drive level neatly.In the process of shutdown, after output voltage was reduced to certain value, the drive level of continued flow tube SR2 was lower than threshold voltage, in a word, was reduced to before zero at output voltage, and continued flow tube SR2 can turn-off, and has guaranteed not produce the pass machine negative pressure.
In using the multichannel output module of coupling inductance,, can not add the driving winding in addition if one tunnel the output voltage size threshold level greater than the synchronous freewheeling pipe (MOSFET pipe) on another road or several roads is arranged.If only to wherein a road carry out closed-loop control, thereby all the other several roads obtain respective output voltages by the appropriate design transformer.Be that example describes now with the two-way output module, specific as follows described.As shown in Figure 5, suppose that output voltage V o1 is higher than the threshold level of continued flow tube SR2, can be used as the driving voltage of continued flow tube SR2, as previously mentioned, the driving voltage of continued flow tube SR2 is exactly output voltage V o1.
Embodiment two: as shown in Figure 5, be with embodiment one difference: described resonant reset forward converter is the two-way output translator, first via output translator is a closed control circuit, when rectifying tube turn-offs, this road output voltage signal is higher than the second road continued flow tube drive level, drive continued flow tube, this road output is connected to the emitter of second switch pipe Q2.Second resistance R 2 and the second diode D2 drain electrode that be connected to the continued flow tube SR2 of first via converter of the base stage of second switch pipe Q2 through being in parallel.The collector electrode of second switch pipe then is connected to the grid of continued flow tube SR2.
In a word, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. the drive level of continued flow tube and rectifying tube is substantially complementary, is particularly suitable for The low-voltage, high-current module; 2. the size of the drive level of continued flow tube and input voltage, output current is irrelevant, by rationally establishing Meter drives the turn ratio of winding and outputting inductance, can obtain suitable continued flow tube drive level, and is very flexible. 3. can have Effect prevents from closing machine negative pressure. 4. circuit is simple, reliable, flexibly, drives very goodly, and cost is low, has good application Prospect has good practical value. Major defect of the present invention is the design difficulty that has increased a little outputting inductance.